EP2993268A1 - Transportable asphalt heating device for heating and keeping warm asphalt granulate - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a transportable asphalt heater (1) for heating and maintaining granular asphalt, comprising a heating and mixing chamber (2) having an inlet (4) for filling granular asphalt and an outlet (6) for discharging heated Asphalt, a heater (14) for heating asphalt in the chamber (2), and a drivable screw conveyor (20) for mixing and conveying asphalt in the chamber (2) between the inlet (4) and the outlet (Fig. 6).

Description

The invention relates to a transportable asphalt heater for heating and keeping granular asphalt having a heating and mixing chamber having an inlet for filling granular asphalt and an outlet for discharging heated asphalt, and a heater for heating in the chamber befindlichem Asphalt.

In road construction, there is a need to repair defects such as cracks, potholes and the like quickly, inexpensively and permanently. So far, usually larger, the flaw-containing sections are cut or milled out of the road surface and then after a clean with new asphalt, which is provided for example from Alphaltkochern filled. A disadvantage of this, however, is the high cost, which is caused in particular by equipment such As asphalt planers and Asphaltkocher. Even if such repaired defects usually have a good quality, the costs are quite high.

Suitable construction methods, such as those outlined above, for the maintenance of asphalt roads of great extent and / or depth, are generally described in the relevant regulations and leaflets, for example in the "Additional Technical Contractual Conditions (ZTV) - Asphalt" and in the ZTV BEA - StB 09. The structural measures described in the aforementioned regulations mainly require the use of large equipment with correspondingly high staff requirements. Economically applicable, the known structural measures only for larger areas and high volume requirement. In particular, the conventional methods can not economically and / or permanently eliminate small-volume damage phenomena of non-uniform nature, such as, for example, differently deep and wide holes, cavities, punctures, gaps, gaping cracks, flat erosion and the like.

In addition to these repair methods with large equipment there is also the possibility to eliminate individual defects using repair materials, such as repair asphalt. For example, in DE 100 10 451 A1 proposed a method for producing a thermoplastic filling material for the removal of surface damage in concrete or asphalt surfaces or for incorporation in joints of buildings. The material is present as a granular-granular small granules and can be transformed by heating in a pourable or spreadable filler with high adhesive strength. The heating takes place in particular by hand, for example by means of a gas burner. The granules are filled for example in a pothole and heated from the top with a gas burner. The disadvantage here is that a uniform heating of the granules is difficult, especially in winter repairs. In addition, the heating requires a high degree of skill and experience so as not to exceed the flash point of about 350 ° C of the bitumen in the asphalt. Another disadvantage is that a user can not or only with difficulty determine whether the granulate is sufficiently warmed through, for example, also at the contact surface with a surface of the pothole to be filled, so as to enter into a firm and permanent connection with the road surface. High quality repairs are difficult to produce.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an asphalt heater by means of which the abovementioned problems of heating asphalt, in particular repair asphalt, are at least partially eliminated.

The invention therefore achieves the object with a transportable asphalt heating device according to claim 1. The transportable asphalt heating device for heating and keeping asphalt therefore has a heating and mixing chamber having an inlet for filling granular asphalt and an outlet for discharging heated asphalt, and a heater for heating asphalt in the chamber, and a drivable auger for mixing and conveying in-chamber asphalt between the inlet and the outlet. To heat the asphalt, this is thus filled in the inlet of the heating and mixing chamber. The chamber is heated by means of the heater, and at the same time heats up the material in the chamber. By means of the screw conveyor is in the chamber befindlichem asphalt moved back and forth and thus mixed and conveyed. For this purpose, the screw conveyor is rotatable in at least one direction. It can be provided that the conveyor screw for reciprocating the granules is rotatable in two directions. Likewise, it can be provided that the screw conveyor is rotatable in only one direction and the granules automatically, for example. By means of corresponding deflecting elements and / or passages in the screw conveyor and / or the housing against a conveying direction of the screw conveyor can be conveyed. On the one hand, the auger has the function of conveying the asphalt in the chamber from the inlet to the outlet and, on the other hand, of mixing it simultaneously, thereby achieving a uniform heating of the repair asphalt. Preferably, the asphalt can be conveyed out of the outlet by means of the screw conveyor.

As asphalt, especially repair asphalt, is preferably in DE 10 2013 224 894 Asphalt used by the present applicant. The asphalt mixture described therein is characterized in that it contains or consists of a / a mineral mixture containing or consisting of 9 - 15 M .-% filler, 57 - 91 M .-% fine aggregate 0/2, 0 - 28 M. % coarse aggregate 2/5, based in each case on the mineral mixture, and 5-10% by weight of binder, based on the asphalt mixture. An example of such an asphalt mixture is a composition consisting of 10 wt.% Filler (100 wt.% Limestone powder), 65.0 wt.% Natural sand 0/2 with corresponding oversize, 25 wt.% Coarse aggregate 2 / 5, and binder 70/100 plus 3.0 mass% sasobit (FT wax), the total binder content being 7.5 mass%. This composition is preferably heated to a temperature of 180 ° C and mixed. The resulting mixture is then preferably subsequently cooled to a temperature of 20 ° C. The product thus obtained is then broken down into particles with a particle size of at most 12 mm. Although such asphalt is particularly preferred, it is also possible to use other types of asphalt or repair asphalt, especially asphalt granules.

According to a first preferred embodiment, the chamber has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the screw conveyor extends substantially coaxially with and within a central axis of the chamber. As a result, a particularly good conveying and heating is achieved.

It is preferred that the screw conveyor extends substantially completely through the chamber. Thus, the chamber is utilized in its full length. One Conveying from the inlet to the outlet can be done with a substantially uniform heating and thus heating of the asphalt.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the conveyor screw is rotatably mounted on two opposite end sides of the chamber. As a result, a good support of the screw conveyor is achieved. The bearings may preferably be designed as plain bearings or roller bearings. For this purpose, the chamber preferably has two end faces, which preferably extend substantially perpendicular to a central axis of the chamber. In particular, in one embodiment with plain bearings is preferred that a lubricating nipple for supplying lubricant is provided in the plain bearing on a housing portion surrounding the sliding bearing. As a result, lubricant can be supplied under pressure into the sliding bearing whereby dirt particles can be pressed out of the sliding bearing so that the sliding bearing is cleaned.

According to a preferred embodiment, the inlet and the outlet are arranged at two opposite ends of the chamber. Preferably, the inlet and the outlet are located near the front ends of the chamber. This makes it possible to introduce asphalt to be heated at a front end in the chamber and omit at the opposite end face of the chamber. As a result, a positive guidance for the asphalt is achieved because it is necessary to guide this at least once completely through the chamber to omit this. As a result, a particularly good heating of the asphalt is achieved.

In an alternative, the inlet and the outlet are located at the same front end of the chamber. As a result, a compact design can be achieved, and for a user, it is possible to introduce the granules at the same front end and remove from the Asphaltheizvorrichtung, whereby the handling in operation is simplified.

According to a further preferred embodiment, a gap is provided between a blade of the screw conveyor and a radially inner wall of the chamber. This gap preferably has a width in a range of 0.2 cm to 2 cm, preferably 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm, more preferably 0.8 cm to 1.2 cm, most preferably about 1 cm. These values are relative to a radial direction between a blade tip and the wall. Such a gap width means that on the one hand asphalt within the chamber by means of the screw conveyor is efficiently conveyed back and forth and on the other hand, that the screw conveyor does not adhere due to on a chamber inner wall Residues jammed and the operation of the asphalt heater is obstructed. The individual grains of the asphalt, preferably in the form of granules, preferably have a maximum size of 1.2 cm, so that they can be conveyed at the most preferred gap width of 1 cm. Smaller particles of the granules may slip between the auger and the radially inner wall of the chamber. However, this is also preferred, as it supports a cleaning of adhering to an inner wall material. The individual particles of the granules have an abrasive and, in a heated state, an additional adhesive action and thus support the removal of bitumen residues on the inner wall.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the screw conveyor on at least two threads, preferably at least 2.5 threads, more preferably exactly 2.5 threads. It has been found that 2.5 threads on the one hand enable a favorable size of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung, on the other hand also allow both a uniform soaking of the asphalt as well as a rapid conveying. In a screw conveyor with 2.5 turns, a guided material with about two revolutions of the screw conveyor from one end of the screw conveyor to the other end of the screw can be brought, wherein the asphalt is completely passed through the chamber. The additional half thread serves as a buffer or compensation space, which allows a smooth conveying. In a screw conveyor with 2.5 threads of the asphalt is divided at an assumed filling level of the chamber below the central axis in horizontal alignment in three or four chambers, whereby an advantageous mixing and uniform heating is achieved.

Preferably, the screw conveyor on at least one axial end to a radially extending end plate. The end plate prevents that when mixing and / or conveying the asphalt or asphalt granules in the chamber, this is pressed against an end wall of the chamber, whereby it can interfere with the rotation of the screw conveyor. In addition, granules can be repelled by the end plate, which results in better mixing. The end plate preferably follows the last thread and is formed from the screw blade. The end plate preferably corresponds to a stepless passage.

Preferably, the screw conveyor also has a plurality of axial passages, preferably radially adjacent to a central axis of the screw conveyor having. For example, the worm blade extends at a distance from a central shaft of the Screw conveyor, whereby the passages are formed. As a result, material can be conveyed in a region near an inner wall of the chamber, while in a region radially adjacent to a central axis of the screw conveyor, material can pass from one passage to the next. This prevents clogging and excessive damming of the granules, and asphalt is particularly preferably mixed.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the heating device has at least one gas burner. Preferably, the heating device has at least four gas burners. Gas burners are a particularly easy way to heat the chamber. Gas burners may be used as an energy source with a portable gas bottle which may be located in the immediate vicinity of the asphalt heater or may be part of the asphalt heater. Such a heater is therefore essentially autonomously operable and requires no further energy sources. Further, a heater having one or more, preferably four, gas burner, adjustable in a simple manner. It is thus preferred that a gas volume flow to the gas burner or burners is adjustable and adjustable. Preferably, each gas burner has a power of 20 kW to 60 kW, preferably 40 kW to 50 kW. Furthermore, it is preferred that a distance between the gas burners and the chamber is adjustable, for example by means of one or more screws or one or more locking means.

Alternatively or additionally, the heating device has at least one thermal oil heater. A thermal oil heater preferably has an electric heating source or is operated by means of one or more gas burners. Furthermore, the thermal oil heater has a pump by means of which oil is circulated through channels. Preferably, the channels extend substantially along the entire chamber wall. As a result, a particularly uniform heating of the chamber and a particularly uniform heating of the asphalt within the chamber can be achieved.

In a preferred development, the heating device has at least one tubular heater with a plurality of gas outlets. The tubular heater is preferably formed as a gas line with a plurality of holes that serve as gas outlets. As a result, a particularly uniform heating of the chamber is possible and also the heater is inexpensive to produce.

Furthermore, the heating device alternatively or additionally preferably has a microwave heating. Microwave heating is also a particularly easy way to heat asphalt in the chamber. The microwave heating preferably has at least one magnetron.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the chamber has a housing which is at least partially double-walled. Preferably, the chamber is substantially cylindrical, and the housing is preferably double-walled along the cylindrical surface, at least along a substantial portion of the circumference, at least two-thirds or three-quarters or four-fifths along the circumference of the cylinder surface. By the housing is at least partially double-walled, it offers on the one hand an increased stability, on the other hand, the gap can be used as an insulator and / or for the heater. The housing is preferably formed from a sheet metal material.

Accordingly, it is preferably further provided that the housing has an inner wall bounding the chamber and an outer wall at least partially encircling the inner wall. These two walls are preferably firmly connected. Preferably, the inner and outer walls are formed from a sheet metal material. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the heating device is at least partially disposed in a space between the inner wall and the outer wall. If, for example, the heating device has at least one gas burner, it is preferably provided that it projects at least partially into the interspace, so that a flame of the gas burner heats the interspace. The heated air from the flame of the gas burner and the hot combustion gases then flow within the space and thus heat the inner wall substantially completely, whereby the chamber and thus the asphalt within the chamber are heated particularly evenly. If the heating device has an alternative or in addition a thermal oil heating, preferably channels of the thermal oil heating run within the intermediate space.

In a preferred development, the outer wall has at least one exhaust gas opening for discharging exhaust gases of the heating device. This is particularly preferred if the heating device has at least one gas burner. The exhaust port is preferably arranged in a usual horizontal orientation of the asphalt device in the operating position above, so that hot exhaust gas can flow out automatically. The exhaust port affects a chimney effect positively, causing a heating of the chamber is more effective. A larger total opening area has a positive effect on this.

According to a further preferred embodiment, a preheat storage for preheating asphalt is provided on the housing, which is adapted to pre-heat in the preheat storage asphalt by means of exhaust gases of the heater. For example, the preheat storage is designed as a container, which is arranged above the exhaust opening. As a result, the Vorheizspeicher is flowed during operation of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung with hot exhaust gas and heated. As a result, asphalt is also preheated in the preheating storage. Subsequently, the thus preheated asphalt can be fed through the inlet into the chamber. As a result, the heating time inside the chamber is shortened, whereby a repair of multiple defects or a larger defect can be shortened. Preferably, the Vorheizspeicher is pivotally formed, such that by pivoting or tilting of the preheat storage of asphalt therein can be poured into the inlet of the chamber. This is a particularly simple way to supply the asphalt located in the preheat storage chamber.

Preferably, elements for conducting a stream of heated air are provided in the intermediate space between the double-walled housing. If a gas burner is used as the heating device, the exhaust gas flows in the gap between the two walls of the housing from the flame of the gas burner to an exhaust gas opening. Preferably, here elements for guiding the flow are provided, so that the flow is passed, for example, labyrinth-like, so as to increase a heat input into the chamber. The exhaust air of the heater flows over a prolonged path, along the outside of the inner wall of the chamber for a prolonged period of time, so that a yield in heat transfer is increased. As a result, on the one hand, the heating is accelerated, on the other hand, the efficiency of the heater increases.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the inner wall of the housing is at least partially formed of a heat-storing material, such as in particular a thick-walled steel sheet, a cast iron, a ceramic or the like. Preferably, about the lower portion corresponding to about one fifth of the circumference is formed from this material. This corresponds approximately to the area on which the material to be heated is located, if a corresponding degree of filling is taken into account. As a result, in turn the most even possible delivery of heat to the material is achieved and also gives the case the heat even after turning off a heater continue to the material. This is preferred, for example, when successively several defects in a road to be repaired and the Asphaltheizeinrichtung is further transported accordingly. After completion of a repair process so more material can be filled and the Asphaltheizeinrichtung be transported with the heater off to the next location, the material filled in the chamber is already preheated due to the heat-storing material of the housing. As a result, the remaining heating time is then shortened.

In a further preferred embodiment, the chamber has an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet, such that exhaust gas from the heating device is conducted directly into the chamber and is discharged therefrom. This also increases a heat input into the material to be heated, as hot exhaust air is passed directly into the chamber and material is thus heated on the side facing away from the chamber wall (as above). The material is thus heated in the manner of a convection oven, which in turn reduces the heating time. For example, the inlet is provided at the first end side and the outlet at the second end side, and preferably a corresponding chimney is also provided at the outlet, which prevents an operator from coming into contact with the hot exhaust gases.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that a closing device for closing the outlet is provided at the outlet. This ensures that during the heating and keeping the asphalt warm inside the chamber it is closed and the asphalt can not escape unintentionally. The closing device preferably has handling means for selectively opening the closing device.

In a preferred embodiment, the closing device has a pivotable flap. The flap is for example pivotable about an axis which is parallel to a central axis of the chamber. The flap thus acts like a sliding door. Alternatively, the flap is pivotable about an axis which is perpendicular to the central axis of the chamber. In both alternatives, locking means are preferably provided, by means of which the flap can be locked in the closed and / or opened state.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the closing device has a chute for guiding heated asphalt discharged from the outlet. Preferably, the flap is designed as a chute. This makes it possible to heat up Asphalt controlled and targeted to a specific defect supply. Preferably, a distal end of the chute in the unfolded state is preferably about 20 cm to 30 cm above a floor in which there is a defect to be repaired. This is a particularly ergonomic height at which an operator can easily fill a fault with the asphalt.

According to a further preferred embodiment, an inlet device, preferably an inlet funnel, is provided at the inlet. The inlet device or the inlet funnel are preferably in an erected condition of the asphalt heater at a height above a floor of 60 cm to 100 cm, preferably 70 cm to 90 cm, particularly preferably 70 cm to 80 cm. Thus, the inlet device is on a particularly ergonomic for a manual insertion of asphalt in the inlet height.

Furthermore, a closing device for closing the inlet is preferably provided at the inlet. This prevents heat from excessively escaping from the inlet during heating. The closing means of the inlet preferably comprises handling means for manually opening and closing the closing means and preferably locking means for locking the closed or opened position.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the asphalt heating device has a drive device for rotationally driving the conveyor screw. In a preferred development, the drive device has a hand crank for rotationally driving the conveyor screw. Thus, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung is easy to operate manually, and an operator can drive the auger by means of the hand crank. As a result, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung is still self-sufficient from external energy sources. It is also a simple mechanical solution that is robust. In an alternative, an electric motor is provided by means of which the screw conveyor is driven in rotation. The motor has one, preferably two, directions of rotation, so that the screw conveyor is rotatable both in one direction and in the other direction, left and right. The engine preferably has an operating unit for controlling the engine. In a preferred embodiment of the engine, an electronic control is further provided which is preprogrammed or preprogrammed, and is preferably prepared and adapted for the asphalt to be heated. The controller is preferably programmed to cause the motor to rotate the auger leftward a predetermined number of revolutions to wait a predetermined time, a predetermined number of revolutions of the auger to turn to the right, to wait a predetermined time, and then turn the auger again a predetermined number of revolutions to the left. These steps can be repeated twice or more. The controller is preferably programmed so that the asphalt has a temperature of at least 140 ° C, is sufficiently mixed, but has a lower temperature than 250 ° C, preferably 180 ° C. For this purpose, the controller is preferably coupled to a temperature sensor and a torque sensor on the engine. As the temperature of the asphalt granules in the chamber increases, the viscosity does not decrease, and a moment necessary to drive the auger decreases accordingly. Achieving a certain drive torque may be used as an indicator of a particular temperature of the asphalt granules.

In a further preferred embodiment, the drive device has an internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine can be coupled directly to the screw conveyor. Preferably, the internal combustion engine is used to drive a pump for a hydraulic motor, wherein the hydraulic motor is coupled to the screw conveyor for rotationally driving the screw conveyor. The internal combustion engine is preferably designed to be operable with a gas which is also used by the heating device. As a result, it is not necessary to carry two different energy sources and the Asphaltheizvorrichtung is self-sufficient operable. The hydraulic motor preferably has a valve for changing the direction of rotation. Hydraulic motors are able to deliver high torques (several 100 Nm) so that even larger quantities of asphalt granules (for example 30 liters and more) can be conveyed by means of the screw conveyor.

According to a preferred embodiment, a transmission is further provided between the drive device and the screw conveyor, preferably with a ratio i = 2, more preferably i = 3. Depending on which amount of asphalt is provided for the chamber, a transmission is preferred to a Driving the auger easier. A transmission is particularly preferred in a manual drive. It has been shown, for example, that a capacity of about 10 kg can be handled manually without gear. At 15 or 20 kg, this is far more difficult, depending on the design of the screw conveyor, so that a transmission which preferably has a torque-reducing effect relative to the drive device is preferred here.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the asphalt heater comprises a frame with at least one wheel for moving the asphalt heater, and at least one handle for manually gripping and guiding the asphalt heater. Preferably, at least two wheels are provided which are interconnected by means of an axle and rotatably mounted on the frame. As a result, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung preferably can be moved manually, for example, on a construction site or the like. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to pull the asphalt heater with a vehicle.

According to such an embodiment, it is further preferred that two handles are provided at a distance from each other, wherein the handles in a set condition of Asphaltheizvorrichtung above a floor at a height of 40 cm to 80 cm, preferably 50 cm to 70 cm, particularly preferred are arranged in about 60 cm. The two handles are preferably designed in the manner of a wheelbarrow. Also, the height of the handles on a floor is about the handle of a commercial wheelbarrow. The handles preferably have such a height from the ground that an average operator can grasp them standing up and lift the asphalt heater in a standing position. It has been found that such a height is particularly ergonomic for an average operator and so ergonomic operability of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung is reached.

It is further preferred that the frame has a first and a second support, wherein at least one wheel is fastened to a foot end of the first support. The first and second supports are preferably arranged laterally with respect to a vertical perpendicular of a center of gravity of the asphalt heater, preferably each with the same distance to the center of gravity. Preferably, the first support is arranged in the region of a first end face of the chamber and the second support in the region of the second end face of the chamber. Each post may have one or more legs. The second support preferably has a support leg. Alternatively, at least one wheel, preferably two wheels, are also provided on the second support. The at least one wheel of the first support and / or the at least one wheel of the second support are reversibly detachable.

In a preferred development, the frame has a flap device, by means of which the asphalt heater can be moved from an erected position into a folded-in position. Alternatively, the frame is removable, for example, frame and housing and / or chamber are coupled by means of a reversibly releasable positive connection. Preferably, the frame is removable without tools in this variant and / or can be folded without tools.

Preferably, the flap device is designed such that the first and second support are pivotally hinged to the frame and the flap means comprises means for pivoting and locking the first and second support in a pivoted or unverschwenkten position. In the untwisted position, the first and second supports are aligned with a longitudinal axis thereof substantially perpendicular or slightly oblique to a central axis of the chamber. In the pivoted, that is folded, state, the first and second support are preferably aligned substantially parallel to a central axis of the chamber and thus extend adjacent along the housing. As locking preferably a snap mechanism with locking lug or the like is provided. Preferably, an extendable piston is provided for pivoting the first and second support. Preferably, the first and second supports are hinged together, for example, by a connecting strut, coupled. As a result, the first and second support are similar to a parallelogram with respect to the housing of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung swiveled and so retractable. In the folded-in state, the asphalt heater preferably has such a compact design that it can be brought into the trunk of a passenger car, for example.

Particularly preferably, the axis of the at least one wheel is in the folded state approximately in a plane with the vertical perpendicular of a center of gravity of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung. As a result, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung is particularly advantageous supported in the folded state on the at least one wheel and can be moved manually in a particularly simple manner.

In a further preferred embodiment, a screw flank of the screw conveyor has at least one interruption. Preferably, the interruption extends radially from a radially outer screw flank toward a central shaft. The screw conveyor is preferably formed according to this embodiment, discontinuous or segmented and has separate, mutually separate screw sections. Such interruptions cause material to be conveyed to slip through the interruption in the screw conveyor during transport to the rear, based on a conveying direction of the screw conveyor. As a result, a good mixing of the material is achieved without material must be conveyed radially inward, for example, to pass over a radially inner edge of an axial passage of the screw blade. As a result, a contact duration of the material to be conveyed is increased with an inner wall of the chamber, whereby a heating of the material takes place more quickly. The material stays in contact and is not periodically lifted off the wall.

For this purpose, the screw conveyor preferably has two or more screw conveyor segments, which are axially spaced from one another. As a result, an interruption of the screw conveyor is achieved, whereby a good mixing and a long residence time of the material is achieved on the wall during conveying.

Particularly preferably, the screw conveyor is formed from a plurality of paddles, each having a substantially part-annular portion which is disposed adjacent to an inner wall of the chamber, and a connecting strut for non-rotatably connecting the paddle with the shaft on the screw conveyor. This is a particularly easy way of forming the screw conveyor. The paddles may for example be cut from sheet metal and then fastened individually to the central shaft of the screw conveyor.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that each of these paddles is fastened by means of a clamping and / or screw connection to the central shaft. This makes it possible to circumferentially and / or axially adjust the individual paddles and so adapt the screw conveyor to the particular material to be heated. Thus, the flexibility of the asphalt heater is increased.

According to a preferred embodiment, adjacent ends of screw flanks or auger segments overlap at least partially in the circumferential direction. Preferably, ends of the substantially part-annular portion of the paddle overlap. The overlapping portions are preferably spaced apart in the axial direction so as to form an interruption of the screw conveyor.

In a further preferred embodiment, the screw conveyor is designed as a soulless screw. In such an embodiment, the auger does not have a central shaft, but the auger blade extends helically from a first end to a second end of the auger. At the end faces in each case a holding plate is arranged to connect the worm with shaft journals, which serve to support the soulless screw conveyor rotating. Even with a soulless screw conveyor is preferably provided that the screw conveyor has individual segments which are axially spaced, and / or has radial openings, and / or axial openings. Axial breakthroughs can be realized in particular in that the worm blade does not extend to a central axis of the screw conveyor, but only along a radially outer circumference, so that there is a cylindrical cavity in the interior of the screw conveyor. This will In particular, the cleaning of the screw conveyor significantly simplified. It has been found that with frequent use, adhesion of asphalt residues to the central shaft of a screw conveyor described above occurs. While the screw blade can be cleaned by means of a so-called cleaning mixture, which consists essentially of chippings, by conveying this cleaning mixture back and forth by means of the screw conveyor within the chamber, a cleaning of the central shaft is to be carried out manually.

Figur 1

eine Seitenansicht einer Asphaltheizvorrichtung gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figur 2

eine Rückansicht der Asphaltheizvorrichtung aus Figur 1;

Figur 3

eine Vorderansicht der Asphaltheizvorrichtung aus Figur 1;

Figur 4

einen Querschnitt durch die Kammer und das Gehäuse der Asphaltheizvorrichtung aus Figur 1;

Figur 5

eine Draufsicht auf die Asphaltheizvorrichtung aus Figur 1;

Figur 6

eine perspektivische Seitenansicht einer Asphaltheizvorrichtung gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figur 7

die Asphaltheizvorrichtung aus Figur 6 mit einer Vorheizeinrichtung in einer Einfüllstellung;

Figur 8

die Asphaltheizvorrichtung aus den Figuren 6 und 7 in einer zweiten Konfiguration;

Figur 9

die Asphaltheizvorrichtung aus den Figuren 6 bis 8 in einer dritten Konfiguration;

Figur 10

die Asphaltheizvorrichtung aus den Figuren 6 bis 9 in einer Draufsicht;

Figur 11

die Asphaltheizvorrichtung aus Figur 6 in einer weiteren Perspektive;

Figur 12

die Asphaltheizvorrichtung aus den Figuren 6 bis 11 in einer vierten Konfiguration;

Figur 13

die Asphaltheizvorrichtung aus Figur 12 in einer Unteransicht;

Figur 14

eine Seitenansicht einer Förderschnecke;

Figur 15

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figur 16

eine weitere perspektivische Ansicht der Asphaltheizvorrichtung gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figur 17

eine Schnittdarstellung der Asphaltheizvorrichtung gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figur 18

eine weitere Schnittdarstellung der Asphaltheizvorrichtung gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figur 19

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figur 20

eine Schnittdarstellung der Asphaltheizvorrichtung gemäß dem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figur 21

eine Draufsicht auf ein Paddel zum Bilden einer Förderschnecke;

Figur 22

eine Frontalansicht einer Förderschnecke, die aus Paddeln gebildet ist;

Figur 23

eine erste perspektivische Ansicht der Förderschnecke aus Figur 22;

Figur 24

eine zweite perspektivische Ansicht der Förderschnecke aus Figur 22;

Figur 25

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Förderschnecke, wobei diese als seelenlose Förderschnecke ausgebildet ist;

Figur 26

eine weitere Ansicht der Förderschnecke aus Figur 25;

Figur 27

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Gehäuses der Asphaltheizvorrichtung gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform;

Figur 28

eine Schnittdarstellung des Gehäuses aus Figur 27; und

Figur 29

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Asphaltheizvorrichtung auf einem Anhänger.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to four embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. Showing:

FIG. 1

a side view of an asphalt heater according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2

a rear view of the asphalt heater off FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 3

a front view of the asphalt heater FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 4

a cross section through the chamber and the housing of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 5

a plan view of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 6

a side perspective view of an asphalt heater according to a second embodiment;

FIG. 7

the asphalt heater off FIG. 6 with a preheater in a filling position;

FIG. 8

the asphalt heater from the FIGS. 6 and 7 in a second configuration;

FIG. 9

the asphalt heater from the FIGS. 6 to 8 in a third configuration;

FIG. 10

the asphalt heater from the FIGS. 6 to 9 in a plan view;

FIG. 11

the asphalt heater off FIG. 6 in another perspective;

FIG. 12

the asphalt heater from the FIGS. 6 to 11 in a fourth configuration;

FIG. 13

the asphalt heater off FIG. 12 in a bottom view;

FIG. 14

a side view of a screw conveyor;

FIG. 15

a perspective view of an asphalt heater 1 according to a third embodiment;

FIG. 16

another perspective view of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung according to the third embodiment;

FIG. 17

a sectional view of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung according to the third embodiment;

FIG. 18

another sectional view of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung according to the third embodiment;

FIG. 19

a perspective view of an asphalt heater 1 according to a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 20

a sectional view of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung according to the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 21

a plan view of a paddle for forming a screw conveyor;

FIG. 22

a front view of a screw conveyor, which is formed from paddles;

FIG. 23

a first perspective view of the screw conveyor FIG. 22 ;

FIG. 24

a second perspective view of the auger FIG. 22 ;

FIG. 25

a perspective view of another embodiment of the screw conveyor, which is designed as a soulless screw conveyor;

FIG. 26

another view of the screw conveyor FIG. 25 ;

FIG. 27

a schematic side view of a housing of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung according to another embodiment;

FIG. 28

a sectional view of the housing FIG. 27 ; and

FIG. 29

a perspective view of an asphalt heater on a trailer.

In Fig. 1 For example, a portable asphalt heater 1 for heating and holding asphalt according to a first embodiment is shown in a side view. The Asphaltheizvorrichtung has a heating and mixing chamber 2, which an inlet 4 and an outlet 6 (see also Fig. 3 ) having. The heating and mixing chamber 2 is surrounded according to this embodiment with a housing 8. The heating and mixing chamber 2 has a substantially cylindrical shape and extends along the central axis A. The housing 8 also has a substantially cylindrical shape and extends coaxially with the central axis A. According to this embodiment, the inlet 4 disposed in the vicinity of the first end face 10 of the housing 8, and the outlet 6 is arranged in the second end face 12 of the housing 8. The end faces 10, 12 are each formed as substantially flat walls.

The asphalt heater 1 further includes a heater 14, which according to this embodiment comprises four gas burners 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, indicated generally at 16 (see FIG Fig. 4 ). The heater 14 serves to heat in the chamber 2 located asphalt and keep warm. This will be described in more detail below.

Inside the chamber 2, a screw conveyor 20 for mixing and conveying asphalt in the chamber 2 from the inlet 4 to the outlet 6 is provided (see FIG Fig. 4 ). The screw conveyor 20 has a central shaft 22 which extends substantially coaxially with the central axis A through the entire chamber 2. The shaft 22 of the screw conveyor 20 is received on the two end faces 10, 12 of the housing 8 in corresponding bearings 24, 26 which support the shaft 22 and allow rotation thereof. At the first end face 10 of the housing 8, the shaft 22 extends with a portion 28 out of the housing 8 and the bearing 24 and is there with a hand crank 30 (see Fig. 1 ) torque transmitting coupled. The winch 30 has a lever 32 and a handle 34 for this purpose. By means of the hand crank 30, the screw conveyor 20 is driven in rotation.

The screw conveyor 20 further comprises a screw blade 36 which extends helically around the shaft 22. According to this embodiment, the screw conveyor 20 has two gears 38, 39, which are each formed from a complete wrapping of the shaft 22 through the sheet 36. In other embodiments, three, four, five or more gears are provided.

As in particular from Fig. 4 can be seen, the worm blade 36 extends in the axial direction, relative to the central axis A, substantially up to the two end faces 10, 12 of the housing 8 zoom. In the radial direction, the worm blade 36 extends to an inner wall 40, which bounds the chamber 2 radially inwardly. In alternative embodiments, a gap is provided between the screw blade 36 and the inner wall 40 in the radial direction.

Like also very good Fig. 4 it can be seen, the housing 8 is executed partially double-walled according to this embodiment. The housing 8 consists of an inner wall 40, which is cylindrical and forms a boundary for the chamber 2. The inner wall 40 is connected by means of screws 42 in each case with the end faces 10, 12 of the housing 8. Arranged around this inner wall 40 at a distance D is an outer wall 44 which surrounds the inner wall 40 almost completely radially outward, but at an underside of the chamber 2, relative to a conventional installation of the asphalt heater 1 as in FIGS Fig. 1 . 2 and 3 shown in two extending away from the chamber legs 46, 48 ends. In the sectional view in Fig. 4 Accordingly, only one leg 46 can be seen. The outer wall 44 is in turn connected by means of screws 42 with the end faces 10, 12 of the housing 8.

The legs 46, 48 form a lateral protection for the heater 14, and the heater 14, which according to this embodiment comprises four gas burners 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, extends between the legs 46, 48 and so in a gap between the inner Wall 40 and the outer wall 44 into it. As a result, on the one hand, a user is protected from the open flames of the gas burners 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d (cf. Fig. 1 ); the gas burners 16 are located between the legs 46, 48 and are in Fig. 1 on the other hand, the flames of the gas burners 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d heat the space between the inner wall 40 and the outer wall 44, thereby providing a particularly good heat transfer is reached. As turn out Fig. 4 Flames of the gas burners 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d are directly related to the inner wall 40 at the bottom of the chamber 2 Fig. 4 in contact and heat them directly. For discharging exhaust gases, such as combustion gases, the outer wall 44 of the housing 8 has a plurality of exhaust ports 50 (see Fig. 5 ), which are formed according to this embodiment as a plurality of slots which at an upper side of the housing 8, based on a conventional list (see Fig. 1 ) are arranged.

The asphalt heater 1 according to this embodiment ( Fig. 1 to 5 ) further includes a frame 52. The frame 52 has according to this embodiment, two respectively laterally disposed from the housing 8 substantially U-shaped bracket 54, 56 which are aligned so that the respective two legs of the U vertically down to a footprint, in a conventional erected state as in Fig. 1 shown, wise. The two brackets 54, 56 are formed substantially identical, for example. As a bent metal tube. In the region of the end faces 10, 12 of the housing 8, the two brackets 54, 56 are coupled to one another by means of a respective strut 58, 60. At this struts 58, 60 according to this embodiment, the housing 8 by means of screws 62 (in FIGS. 2 and 3 only one provided with reference numerals) attached.

The legs of the U-shaped brackets 54, 56, which are arranged on the first end face 10, together form a first support 64 and the opposite legs, which are arranged on the second end face 12, a second support 66. In Fig. 3 Accordingly, only the second support 66 can be seen while in Fig. 2 only the first support 64 can be seen.

On the first support 64, two wheels 68, 69 are arranged, which are connected by means of an axle 70. The axis 70 passes through two bearings 71, 72, which are arranged in the legs of the bracket 54, 56, which form the first support 64. The legs, which together form the second support 66, are not provided with rollers according to this embodiment, but with support feet 73, 74. On the strut 60, a handle 76 is further arranged, with which an operator, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 on the side of the handle 76, so on the side of the second end face 12, can lift such that the support legs 73, 74 come out of contact with a floor and so the Asphaltheizvorrichtung can be moved by means of rollers 68, 69. The handle 76 is fastened by means of a hinge 78 on the strut 60, so that it can be folded. As a result, the size of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 is reduced in size, so that it is easier stowed example on a cargo area or in the interior of a car.

In a relation to the usual list of Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 lower area a holding strut 80 is also provided for the heater 14. The support strut 80 extends according to this embodiment between the end faces 10, 12 (see in particular Fig. 4 ), but may also be attached to the brackets 54, 56. The support strut 80 serves to hold the heater 14 in a corresponding position. Preferably, adjusting means are provided, by means of which the position of the heating device 14 relative to the support strut 80 and / or to the chamber 2 is variable.

The heating and keeping warm of an asphalt is then preferably carried out as described below: The asphalt is preferably present as granules, preferably as in DE 10 2013 224 894 A1 described. The chamber preferably has an axial length of about 70 cm and a diameter of about 35 cm. That is, the chamber has a volume of about 0.05 m ³ . If the burners are set to a respective power (each burner 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d provides a maximum power of 54 kW), it has been found that with the asphalt heater 1 (see FIG Fig. 1 to 5 ) about 10 kg of asphalt granules within 2 - 6 minutes, depending on the skill of an operator and the set power of the burner, can be heated. The asphalt granules are manually introduced into the inlet 4 of the chamber 2. Subsequently or simultaneously, the hand crank 30 is actuated, thereby driving the screw conveyor 20 rotationally. As a result, asphalt granules are transported within the chamber 2 from the inlet 4 in the direction of the outlet 6, thereby guided along the inner wall 40 and mixed by the mechanical stress.

The filling level within the chamber 2 is below the horizontal plane containing the central axis A at the values described above. As a result, the asphalt granules lie substantially on the lower side of the wall 40, which is heated directly by the flames of the gas burners 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d. Now, by means of the hand crank 30, the screw conveyor 20 is rotated alternately to the left and to the right and so the asphalt moves inside the chamber 2 back and forth and mixed. After a crank turn or a half turn of the crank, it may take a few seconds for the crank handle 30 to move forward. After about 2 - 6 minutes, the asphalt granules has reached a temperature above 140 ° C, preferably 180 ° C but below 250 ° C and is sufficiently heated to be filled into a defect. For this purpose, the outlet 6 is now opened and the hand crank 30 is actuated until all the asphalt is conveyed out of the outlet 6 by means of the screw conveyor 20. The gas burners 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d can be switched off or their performance will be reduced. In this way, simply a certain amount of asphalt can heat up quickly and evenly and keep warm. As a result, repairs of defects in roads and the like can be repaired quickly, inexpensively and with high quality.

In the Fig. 6 to 13 A second embodiment of the asphalt heater according to the present invention is shown. The same and similar elements are provided with the same reference numerals, and thus to the full extent to the above description of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 according to the Fig. 1 to 5 Referenced.

The asphalt heater 1 according to the second embodiment in turn has a heating and mixing chamber 2, which has an inlet 4 and the outlet 6. The heating and mixing chamber 2 is surrounded by a housing 8 according to this second embodiment. The heating and mixing chamber 2 has a substantially cylindrical shape and extends along a central axis A. The housing 8 also has a substantially cylindrical shape and extends coaxially with the central axis A. According to this embodiment, the inlet 4 in the Near the first end face 10 of the housing 8 is arranged and the outlet 6 is arranged in the second end face 12 of the housing 8. The end faces 8, 10 are each formed as substantially flat walls.

Within the heating and mixing chamber 2 is a screw conveyor, not shown (compare, for example FIG. 14 ) arranged. For actuating the screw conveyor 20 is according to this embodiment ( Fig. 6 to 13 ) a hand crank 30 is provided, which is connected to a transmission 100. The transmission 100 translates the rotation of the hand crank with a ratio of i = 3, or preferably i = 2, such that three full revolutions of the hand crank 30 correspond to one complete revolution of the auger 20.

At the inlet 4, a flap 102 is provided according to FIG. 6 is shown in an open state. The flap 102 may be between the in FIG. 6 illustrated open position and an in FIG. 8 shown closed position to be pivoted back and forth. The flap 102 also serves as a filling chute through which granular asphalt can be poured into the heating and mixing chamber 2. Accordingly, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 according to this embodiment, at the outlet 6 on a flap 104, which also between an open position (see FIG. 6 ) and a closed position (see, for example FIG. 11 ) back and forth is pivotable. The flap 104 also serves as a shaft or chute for heated asphalt. As a result, it can be filled in a precise location from the heating and mixing chamber 2 in a hole to be filled.

Unlike the first embodiment, the asphalt heater 1 according to the second embodiment has (FIG. Fig. 6 to 13 Further, a preheater 106 which is fixed in an upper portion to the housing 8. The preheating device 106 comprises a container 108, which is arranged pivotably in the housing 108 via a hinge 110. At a side facing the inlet 4 side 112 of the container 108, this is open. The preheater is used to preheat granular asphalt. For this purpose, it is filled into the container 108. Hot exhaust gas, which from exhaust ports (in the Fig. 6 to 13 Not shown; see. Fig. 1 to 5 ) flows out, heats the container 108 and thereby present in this granules. If this is sufficiently preheated, the flap 102 is opened at the inlet 4 and the container 108, as in FIG. 7 shown, pivoted in a filling position in the granules from the container 108 via the flap 102 in the heating and mixing chamber 2 can be filled. This makes it possible to rapidly heat several batches of granular asphalt in rapid succession and to use for the repair of defects in roads or the like.

In the asphalt heater 1 according to the second embodiment, a bracket 114 is further provided on one side of the housing 8. The bracket 114 consists of a foot portion 116 and a wall 118. The bracket 114 serves to receive a gas cylinder to a heater (in the Fig. 6 to 13 not shown), which gas burner has to supply gas. The wall 118 includes an insulating material to shield the gas bottle (not shown in the figures) from heat radiation from the housing 8.

Further, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 according to the second embodiment, a frame 52 which is basically designed similar to the frame 52 according to the first embodiment, but has a flap 120. The frame 52 according to the second embodiment has two wheels 68, 69 and two support legs 73, 74. The function of the frame 52 with respect to the Fig. 8 and 13 be described in more detail.

According to FIG. 8 For example, the asphalt heater 1 is shown in a second configuration in which the frame 52 is folded by the folding mechanism 120 into a folded state. For this purpose, the folding mechanism 120 has a hand crank 122. A first Support 64, on which the wheels 68, 69 are arranged (see FIG. 6 ), is pivotally mounted on the housing 8. Also, the second support 66, which is connected to the support legs 73, 74, is pivotally connected to the housing 8. The first support 64 is coupled to the second support 66 via a push strut 124 such that the push strut 124 together with the support 64 and the support 66 form a parallelogram linkage. By means of the hand crank 122, the folding mechanism 120 is actuated and the support 64 from an unfolded, substantially vertical arrangement (see Fig. 6 and 7 ) in a folded position (see FIG. 8 ), in which the support 64 extends substantially horizontally below the housing 8. Likewise, the support 66 extends in the folded position ( FIG. 8 ) substantially horizontally below the housing 8, as it is coupled via the thrust strut 124 with the first support 64. In the folded-in position, the wheels 68, 69 are located substantially midway below the heating and mixing chamber 2 and so below the housing 8. A center of gravity of the asphalt heater is in this position substantially vertically above the wheels 68, 69. Thus, the asphalt heater 1 according to this folded state ( FIG. 8 ) can be moved particularly easily without a user having to apply large forces for lifting the asphalt heater by means of the handles 76, 77. In this folded-in position is also due to the pivoted support 64, the outlet 6 closer to the ground, so that heated asphalt from the outlet, in particular by means of the flap 104, can be filled with particular accuracy in a defect.

In FIG. 8 is the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 also shown without preheating 106, which is preferably designed to be reversibly removable. This is further in FIG. 9 clarified. FIG. 9 Figure 2 shows the asphalt heater 1 in a further configuration with the asphalt heater 106 removed, the bracket 114 removed, and the wheels 68, 69 removed. The handles 76, 77 are still mounted on the asphalt heater 1, but may also be removed. In this configuration (see FIG. 9 ), the Asphaltheizvorrichtung can be transported in a simple manner, for example in the trunk of a car or on a trailer. In addition, the individual elements such as preheater 106 and holder 114 can be mounted on the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 if necessary and when they are not needed, reversibly removable.

Fig. 10 shows the asphalt heater 1 in the configuration according to FIG Fig. 9 in a top view. It can be seen in Fig. 10 in particular, the elongated configuration of the housing 8, which extends along the central axis A. The handles 76, 77 are again not folded. Laterally out of the housing 8, the hand crank 30, which is connected to the transmission 100, projects. This is preferably also foldable, or designed reversibly removable. As a result, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 in a simple manner in the trunk of a car accommodate.

In Fig. 12 is also a front view of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 according to Fig. 10 shown, on the end face 10 of the housing 8. According to Fig. 12 However, in addition, the handles 76, 77 are placed in a folded state. As a result, a longitudinal extent along the central axis A of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 is further reduced, making it easy to transport.

Fig. 13 Finally, a bottom view of the asphalt heater according to FIG Fig. 8 with the frame 52 in the folded state. It can be seen that the wheels 68, 69 are coupled via the thrust strut 124 to the support feet 73. The wheels 68, 69 are pivotally coupled to housing 8 via a first support 64, and the support legs 73, 74 are pivotally coupled to the housing 8 via a second support 66. The folding mechanism 120 has, in addition to the hand crank 122, a piston drive 130, which has a housing 133 in which a piston 134 is arranged in a linearly displaceable manner. The piston 134 is operable by means of the hand crank 122 so that it can be moved in and out of the housing 132. The piston 134 is coupled to the first support 64 with a distal portion 136, so that it is interposed by the thrust piston 130 between the folded (shown in FIG. Fig. 8 . 9 . 10 . 12 and 13 ) and the unfolded position ( Fig. 6 . 7 and 11 ) is pivotable back and forth.

Fig. 14 shows an exemplary embodiment of a screw conveyor 20. The screw conveyor 20 is substantially the same as with reference to Fig. 4 Related screw conveyor 20 is formed and insofar again similar and identical elements are designated by the same reference numerals. The screw conveyor 20 has a shaft 22 which has a rotation axis Z. Around the shaft 22, the worm blade 36 extends in a helical manner. The worm blade 36 is substantially formed as a flat metal band which extends helically around the shaft 22 in helices. Radially between the screw blade 36 and the shaft 22 passages 140 are provided. These are formed by the fact that the worm blade 36 does not bear directly on the shaft 22, but by means of radial struts 142 (in Fig. 14 only one provided with reference numerals) spaced from the shaft 22 is held. When conveying granular asphalt with such a screw conveyor 20 so granules can be promoted by the screw blade 36, but with appropriate accumulation of the granules also pass through a passage 140, so "slip" on the screw blade and so get back a gear. As a result, a damming of material is avoided, whereby jamming of the screw conveyor 20 is prevented. In accordance with this embodiment, mixing elements 144 are also provided on auger 20 which extend radially in a corridor away from shaft 22 so as to additionally assist in mixing of material.

The FIGS. 15 to 18 show a transportable asphalt heater 1 for heating and keeping asphalt warm according to a third embodiment. The same and similar elements are in turn provided with the same reference numerals, so that fully to the above description of the FIGS. 1 to 14 Reference is made.

The asphalt heater 1 according to the third embodiment has a heating and mixing chamber 2 having an inlet 4 and an outlet 6. The heating and mixing chamber 2 is in turn surrounded according to this embodiment with a housing 8 which is double-walled and has an inner wall 40 and an outer wall 44 (see FIG. 17 ). The Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 according to the third embodiment further comprises a disposed within the chamber 2 screw conveyor 20 having a central shaft 22 which is mounted on respective bearings 24, 26. The central shaft 22 is in turn, as in the first embodiment coupled to the first end face 10 with a hand crank 30 torque transmitting. As in the first embodiment, the asphalt heater 1 according to the third embodiment has a heater 14 having four gas burners 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d (see FIG FIG. 17 ). The gas burners 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d are connected to one another by a gas line 150. The gas line 150 can be coupled to a gas source, for example a gas cylinder. Via the gas line 150, the gas burners 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d are supplied with gas. As in the first embodiment, the gas burners 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d are laterally protected by the legs 46,48.

Above the chamber 2, a preheating 106 is provided in this embodiment, which consists of a substantially cylindrical container 108 according to this embodiment. In this container, for example, a bucket of asphalt granules is adjustable. At the lower bottom of the container 108 (not shown in the figure) are ventilation slots, with the space between the walls 40, 44 are connected, so that the set in the container 108 bucket is flowed around with hot air.

Furthermore, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 according to the third embodiment, a frame 52. The frame 52 has two rear struts 152, 154, which are coupled to a holder 156 on the first end face 10. The struts 152, 154 are pivotally mounted on the support 156 and extend obliquely to a vertical outwardly towards the ground. They are coupled at the lower end with an axle 158, which receives at its ends two wheels 160, 162.

At the second end face 12, a further support 164 is arranged, from which a single strut 166 extends in the direction of the ground. The strut 166 has at its lower end to a support leg 168, by means of which the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 is deposited on the ground. The two rear struts 152, 154 are connected by means of a transverse strut 155, on which a longitudinal strut 157 is arranged. The longitudinal strut 157 extends from the transverse strut 155 to the front strut 166 and is coupled thereto. The longitudinal strut 157 fixes the rear struts 152, 154 relative to the front strut 166. About the brackets 156, 164, the struts 152, 154, 166 can be folded.

On the front strut 166, a drawbar 170 is further arranged, which is adjustable via a hinge 172 in its orientation and in the FIGS. 15 and 16 worked up. It is also displaceable in a horizontal position, so that the drawbar 170 can be coupled, for example, to a corresponding section of a vehicle, such as a trailer hitch, so that the asphalt heater 1 according to the third embodiment can be towed by a tractor.

Another difference from the first two embodiments of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 lies in the screw conveyor 20. The screw conveyor 20 has according to this embodiment, a central shaft 22 which extends completely through the chamber 2 and is rotatably mounted in two opposite bearings 24, 26. On the central shaft 22 a plurality of paddles 200 are rotationally fixed, which together form a screw blade 36 of the screw conveyor 20. According to this embodiment ( FIGS. 15 to 18 ) are provided on the central shaft 22 a total of ten paddles 200, wherein in the Figures 17 and 18 just each one provided with reference numerals. Each paddle 200 defines a segment 21 of the screw conveyor 20.

The paddles 200 each have a part-annular portion which forms a paddle head 202 and a connecting strut 204, by means of which the paddle head 202 is non-rotatably arranged on the central shaft 22. A single such paddle 200 is in FIG. 21 shown in a frontal view. The paddle 200 has according to FIG. 21 also a paddle head 202, which is formed part-ring-shaped, according to this embodiment substantially third-ring-shaped. The connecting strut 204 extends approximately centrally from the paddle head 202 and substantially in the radial direction. At the free end 206, the connecting strut 204 has a coupling portion with which the paddle 200 can be coupled to the central shaft 22. According to the Figures 17 and 18 For example, a frictional clamping connection is provided, and at the free end 206 of the connecting strut 204, a clamping jaw is arranged. A clamping claw allows the position of the individual paddles 200 to be adjusted in the axial and circumferential directions about the central shaft 22, thus adapting the asphalt heater 1 to changing environmental conditions or other asphalt mixtures.

The paddle head 202 has a radially outer portion 208 and a radially inner portion 210. The outer portion 208 is in the vicinity of the inner wall 44 and forms together with the above-described gap. The inner portion 210, together with the central shaft 22, defines an axial aperture 140, particularly as shown in FIG FIG. 14 has been described above. The paddle head 202 is slightly twisted with respect to the connecting strut 204 so as to form a segment 21 of a screw conveyor 20. For example, with reference to FIG. 21 right first end 212 is slightly bent out of the plane of the drawing while the second end 214 is slightly bent into the plane of the drawing. This slight adjustment of the paddle head 202 is also in FIG. 17 recognizable in which a first portion 212 in the axial direction to the front, ie to the left in FIG. 17 is bent while referring to a second section FIG. 17 to the right, that is, to the rear, bent.

In the embodiment according to the FIGS. 15 to 18 the individual paddles 200 are each offset by 180 ° to each other so as to form the segments 21. In this respect, if the paddle head 202 has a substantially third-circular shape, there is no overlap in the circumferential direction. but the worm blade 36 is interrupted, and a first end 212 of a subsequent paddle 200 is circumferentially spaced from a second end 214 of a previous paddle.

It has been found that this allows a more rapid heating of the asphalt material located in the chamber 2 can be achieved, since this is longer in total contact with a lower portion of the wall 44. Nevertheless, a promotion of the material takes place, even if it due to the interruption of the Schneckenblatts 36 between two consecutive paddles 200 each "a gear backwards" can slip. In order to achieve thorough mixing, in such an embodiment, it is not necessary for the material to necessarily pass through the axial aperture 140 and thus be lifted off the wall 40 to pass over the portion 210, but the material may substantially extend the inner wall 40 remain lying.

In the Figures 19 and 20 a further, fourth embodiment of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 is shown. The asphalt heater 1 according to Figures 19 and 20 is designed as a portable version. Overall, the chamber 2 is smaller than in the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 according to the previous embodiments and has a total length of about 38 cm according to this embodiment. Within the chamber, in turn, a screw conveyor 20 is provided, which has a central shaft 22. On the central shaft 22 paddles 200 are arranged as described above. According to this embodiment, the paddles 200 are welded with their free end 206 against the central shaft 22, so as to produce a rotationally secure connection. Further, according to this embodiment, two paddles 200 are not provided per flight, as in the third embodiment (FIG. FIGS. 15 to 18 ), but three. This results in a slightly different configuration, which is described below with respect to the FIGS. 22 to 24 will be described.

The central shaft 22 is rotatably mounted in two bearings 24, 26 as in the previous embodiments. It has at one end a handle 30 to drive the screw conveyor 20 rotating.

On the housing 8, a handle 230 is attached, which serves to lift the asphalt heater 1 according to the fourth embodiment and carry. The handle 230 may also be configured so that two handles on the End faces 10, 12 are provided accordingly. This has the advantage that the handle 230 is not arranged directly above the vent opening 50 and therefore does not get hot. The arrangement of a handle 230 according to the FIG. 20 however, has the advantage that the device 1 can be carried with one hand and the handle 230 can be arranged according to the center of gravity of the asphalt heater 1.

The heater 14 is again designed as a gas burner according to this embodiment, however, has a tube 232 which extends annularly below the chamber 2 and has a plurality of small holes through which gas can flow upwards. The holes are in the FIG. 20 not to be seen. Further, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 according to this embodiment, an igniter 234, which includes a piezoelectric igniter, and a flow regulator 236, which is designed as a knob. As a result, the asphalt heater 1 according to the fourth embodiment can be operated particularly easily.

Below the housing 8, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 according to the fourth embodiment, four feet 238, by means of which the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 can stand stably on the ground. The outlet 6 is provided with a flap 104 which is rotatably disposed about the central shaft 22. The flap 104 is connected to a lever 240, by means of which the flap 104 is rotatable. Is the lever 240 as in Figures 19 and 20 Shown vertically aligned, the outlet 6 is released as in FIG. 19 to recognize. If the lever 240 is related to FIG. 19 however, pivoted to the right, the outlet is closed. Below the outlet 6 there is further provided an outlet chute 242 which serves to selectively guide the asphalt material falling out of the outlet 6, for example into a bucket or the like.

At the inlet 4, a flap 244 is also provided, which has a handle 246, by means of which the flap 244 is pivotable between a closed and an open state. In the Figures 19 and 20 the flap 244 is shown in the closed state. In the flap 244, a thermometer 248 is integrated, which measures the temperature inside the chamber 2. Thus, in operation always read in a simple manner, which temperature has the chamber 2, and about conclusions can be drawn, what temperature in the Chamber 2 has asphalt material and whether now a degree of softness has been achieved and the outlet 6 can be opened.

With reference to the FIGS. 21 to 24 Now, the arrangement of the paddles 200 according to the fourth embodiment ( Figures 19 and 20 ) explained in more detail. According to this embodiment, a plurality of paddles 200a, 200b, 200c, 200d, 200e (see FIG FIGS. 22 to 24 ), which in the Figures 19 and 20 each designated only 200, provided. The paddles 200a, 200b, 200c, 200d, 200e are substantially like the paddle 200 of FIG FIG. 21 formed and each have a paddle head 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d, 202e, which is connected via a connecting strut 204a, 204b, 204c with the central shaft 22. According to this embodiment, respective ends of the paddle heads 202a, 202b, 202c are arranged to overlap circumferentially to form overlapping portions 203. Thus, the first end 212a of the paddle 200a and the second end 214b of the paddle 200b, the first end 212b of the paddle 200b and the second end 214c of the paddle 200c and the first end 212c of the paddle 200c and the second end 212a of the paddle 200a are overlapped , The individual ends 212, 214 are each axially spaced apart, such that the end 212a of the end 214b axially by means of a rod 215, the end 212b of the end 214c by means of a rod 217 and the end 214a by means of a rod 219th from the next paddle 200, which is in the drawing plane at the FIG. 22 on top, is spaced. Likewise, the end 212c is connected to the in-plane lowermost paddle 200 by a bar, not shown. Based on the drawing plane, the paddle 200a according to this embodiment lies at the top, the paddle 200b in the middle and the paddle 200c at the very bottom. The overlapping of the individual sections 212, 214 results in better mixing than in an arrangement of the paddles 200, as in FIG FIG. 17 shown. By means of the rods 215, 217, 219 an interruption of the screw blade 36 is achieved, and material does not have to pass through the axial passage 140 (cf. FIG. 22 4) but, while in contact with the wall 44, may pass through the passageway achieved by the axial spacing of the ends 212, 214 from each other. In relation to FIG. 22 For example, in the overlapping area 203 behind the portion 212b and below the bar 217, but before the portion 214c, the material may pass from left to right behind the paddle 200b without losing contact with an inner wall 40.

Even better this is in the Figures 23 and 24 to see in which the screw conveyor 20, which consists of several segments 21, is shown in a perspective view. The segments 21 are each connected by means of the rods 215, 217, 219, 221. Overall, in FIG. 23 four paddles 200a, 200b, 200c, 200d, and in FIG. 24 a total of five paddles 200a, 200b, 200c, 200d, 200e shown. The individual elements are according to the FIGS. 21, 22 with reference numerals, so that reference is made to the above description in its entirety.

The FIGS. 25 and 26 illustrate another embodiment of a screw conveyor 20. While FIG. 25 the auger 20 in a perspective view is the same auger in FIG. 26 shown in a side view. The screw conveyor 20 according to this embodiment ( FIGS. 25, 26 ) is designed as a soulless screw and has no central shaft. The worm blade 36 extends helically around a central axis A (see. FIG. 25 ). The worm blade 36 is according to this embodiment of a plurality of semi-annular elements 306 (in FIGS. 25, 26 only two provided with reference numerals), each defining a segment 21 of the screw conveyor 20. The individual semi-annular elements 306 have a radial extent, which corresponds to approximately 1/4 of the radius of the screw conveyor 20. This results in the interior of the screw conveyor 20, a cylindrical cavity 308 which is bounded circumferentially by an inner edge 310 of the screw blade 36. For holding the individual part-ring-shaped elements 306 are further struts 312 (in FIGS. 25, 26 only two each provided with reference numerals) extending from oppositely disposed end plates 314, 316 extend. The end plates 314, 316 serve to connect the worm blade 36 to shaft journals 318, 320 housed in bearings 24, 26 (see FIGS FIGS. 1 to 20 ). According to this embodiment, the end plates 314, 316 are shown closed, but these preferably have axial openings, which serve to prevent accumulation of the material between the plate 314, 316 and the end faces 10, 12 of the housing 8.

For spacing and fixing the individual semi-annular elements 306, short struts 322 (in FIG FIGS. 25, 26 only two each provided with reference numerals) between corresponding ends of adjacent elements 306 and segments 21, respectively. These serve to further stabilize and form by spacing the two respective ends of adjacent sections 306, radial discontinuities of the screw blade 36.

The FIGS. 27 and 28 illustrate another embodiment of the housing 8 of the asphalt heater 1. In FIG. 27 is shown by the housing 8, only the inner wall 40 of the chamber 2. In the lower section of the heater 14 is shown schematically, and on the outer surface of the wall 40 four semicircles 17 (only one provided with reference numerals), the points of attack of the flames of the gas burners show. On an outer side of the wall 40 extend between this and the outer wall 44 sheets 330, 332, 334, which serve as elements for guiding the exhaust air flow. The flow path is indicated by the dashed arrow. As can be seen, the exhaust air is guided in a labyrinth manner, so as to increase the residence time of the exhaust air on a surface of the wall 40.

This is on average again in FIG. 28 shown. There, the sheets 330, 332, 334 can be seen extending between the inner wall 40 and the outer wall 44. Furthermore, it can be seen that a portion 336 of the inner wall 40 is formed of a heat-storing material, namely according to this embodiment, a cast iron. As a result, the heat storage capacity of the housing is increased and achieves a uniform heating of the material located in the chamber 2.

FIG. 29 shows an asphalt heater 1 according to the invention, which is arranged on a trailer 300. The asphalt heater 1 may be fixedly connected to the trailer 300. This is preferably realized by means of a quick-release connection. Additionally or alternatively, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 also have a base plate, from the feet of the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 are releasably or permanently attached. Such a foot plate serves as a heat protection for the trailer, on the other hand, it also serves to stabilize.

A width of the asphalt heater 1 is less than a width of the trailer 300, so that the asphalt heater 1 can be easily transported by the trailer. The trailer 300 has a loading flap 302, which in FIG. 29 is shown in a closed state. If the loading flap 302 is folded down, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 is easily accessible. When the loading flap 302 is folded down, it is possible to fill both the inlet 4, which is closed here with a cover 244, and material from the outlet 6, which is also shown here closed, remove. Such an arrangement improves mobility of the asphalt heater 1.

In the FIG. 29 is the Asphaltheizvorrichtung without hand crank (see. Fig. 15-20 ). This is removable designed to reduce the width. The hand crank interacts with a gear so that the axis of rotation of the hand crank relative to the trailer is lower than the axis of rotation of the screw conveyor. This improves the ergonomics.

On the trailer 300 also not shown gas cylinders are arranged, which provide gas for the operation of the heater. These are secured and provided correspondingly spaced from the Asphaltheizeinrichtung 1.

In other embodiments, the Asphaltheizvorrichtung 1 may also be arranged on a bed of a truck so that it is accessible, for example, from a lateral tailgate.

Claims (15)

Transportable Asphaltheizvorrichtung (1) for heating and keeping warm granular asphalt, with
a heating and mixing chamber (2) having an inlet (4) for filling granular asphalt and an outlet (6) for discharging heated asphalt,
a heater (14) for heating asphalt in the chamber (2) and a drivable auger (20) for mixing and conveying asphalt in the chamber (2) between the inlet (4) and the outlet (6). An asphalt heater according to claim 1, wherein the inlet (4) and the outlet (6) are arranged at two opposite ends of the chamber (2). An asphalt heater according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a gap is provided between a screw blade (36) of the screw conveyor (20) and a radially inner wall (40) of the chamber (2), the gap preferably being in a range of 0.2 cm to 2cm, preferably 0.5cm to 1.5cm, more preferably 0.8cm to 1.2cm, most preferably about 1cm. An asphalt heater according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the auger (20) has at least two threads, preferably has at least 2.5 threads, more preferably has exactly 2.5 threads. An asphalt heater according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the auger (20) has a plurality of axial passages, preferably radially adjacent to a central axis of the auger (20). An asphalt heater according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heater (14) comprises at least one gas burner (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d). Asphalt heating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at the outlet (6) a closing device for closing the outlet (6) is provided. An asphalt heater according to claim 7, wherein the closing means comprises a pivotable flap. An asphalt heater according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the closing means comprises a chute for guiding heated asphalt discharged from the outlet. An asphalt heater according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a drive means (30), in particular a hand crank, for rotatably driving the feed screw (20). Asphalt heating device according to claim 10, wherein between the drive means (30) and the screw conveyor (20), a transmission is provided, preferably with a translation i = 2, more preferably i = 3. An asphalt heater according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a screw flank of the screw conveyor (20) has at least one interruption. An asphalt heater according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the auger (20) comprises two or more auger segments (21) axially spaced from each other. An asphalt heater according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the auger (20) is formed of a plurality of paddles (200) each having a substantially part-annular portion (202) disposed adjacent an inner wall (40) of the chamber (2). and a connecting strut (204) for non-rotatably connecting the paddle (200) with the shaft (22) of the screw conveyor (20). Asphalt heating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the screw conveyor (20) is designed as a soulless screw.

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