EP2989394A1 - Procédé et installation de conditionnement d'air - Google Patents

Procédé et installation de conditionnement d'air

Info

Publication number
EP2989394A1
EP2989394A1 EP14717727.3A EP14717727A EP2989394A1 EP 2989394 A1 EP2989394 A1 EP 2989394A1 EP 14717727 A EP14717727 A EP 14717727A EP 2989394 A1 EP2989394 A1 EP 2989394A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conditioning system
conditioning
parameters
air flow
actual values
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14717727.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Simon Alt
Rainer Uetz
Thomas Klenge
Oliver Sawodny
Florian Malchow
Martin WEICKGENANNT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Duerr Systems AG
Original Assignee
Duerr Systems AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Duerr Systems AG filed Critical Duerr Systems AG
Publication of EP2989394A1 publication Critical patent/EP2989394A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/75—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity for maintaining constant air flow rate or air velocity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/20—Humidity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for conditioning air.
  • Such a method is known for example from EP 1 081 442 AI.
  • This known method is a regulated method in which a conditioning system is controlled by means of controlled actuators.
  • At least one of the controller input variables required for controlling the conditioning system is a mixed controller input variable, which is formed by linking a temperature setpoint deviation with a humidity setpoint deviation.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method for conditioning air, which is reliable and energy-efficient feasible.
  • Conditioning air includes:
  • the conditioning in the selected operating condition, so that an output air flow of the conditioning plant is generated, the actual values of the at least two parameters are within predetermined desired value ranges.
  • a desired value range is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a range or a range of values within which a desired parameter may move in order to ensure desired airflow characteristics.
  • the model is in particular a static and / or dynamic model.
  • the operating state of the conditioning plant is selected on the basis of a parameter characteristic map, by means of which a plurality of possible actual values of the at least two parameters is linked to the operating states of the conditioning plant.
  • the operating state of the conditioning plant is selected on the basis of a correlation function, by means of which a multiplicity of possible actual values of the at least two parameters is linked to the operating states of the conditioning plant.
  • a correlation function in this description and the appended claims is preferably to be understood as meaning every equation and equation system, in particular model equations and model equation systems, by means of which a relationship is established between at least one input variable and at least one output variable.
  • the parameter map and / or the correlation function are preferably based on the model on the basis of which the operating state of the conditioning plant is selected.
  • the parameter map and / or the correlation function are created or generated using or on the basis of a model.
  • the model is in particular a simulation model, in particular a simulation model of the conditioning plant or a workpiece treatment plant, which comprises the conditioning plant.
  • the actual values of the at least two parameters of the output airflow of the conditioning system can be determined, in particular calculated and / or predicted, using the actual values of the at least two parameters of the input airflow and with knowledge of the operating state of the conditioning system.
  • a parameter characteristic map can be generated by means of the model, which can be used to derive an optimized and / or particularly energy-efficient operating state of the conditioning system using determined actual values of the at least two parameters of the input air flow.
  • control signals for the conditioning system can be provided by means of the parameter characteristic field, by means of which the conditioning system can be displaced into the desired operating state.
  • a correlation function can be provided by means of which a multiplicity of possible Actual values of the at least two parameters are linked to the operating states of the conditioning system.
  • an efficient operating state of the conditioning system can be calculated in order to ensure compliance with the desired value ranges of the parameters of the output air flow.
  • a (further) parameter is preferably the humidity (humidity).
  • the at least two parameters form a pair of parameters consisting of air temperature and humidity (humidity).
  • the input air flow is humidified and / or dehumidified.
  • a multiplicity of possible actual-value combinations, in particular actual-value pairs, of the at least two parameters is linked to one operating state of the conditioning system by means of the model.
  • an operating state of the conditioning plant is jointly assigned.
  • the parameter characteristic map and / or the correlation function, in particular a multiplicity of possible actual values of the at least two parameters is linked to predefined operating states of the conditioning system.
  • the operating states of the conditioning system preferably each comprise an operating state of a humidifying device, an operating state of a dehumidifying device, an operating state of a heating device and / or an operating state of a cooling device.
  • the predefined operating states of the conditioning system each include a predefined operating state of a humidifying device, a predefined operating state of a dehumidifying device, a predefined operating state of a heating device and / or a predefined operating state of a cooling device.
  • a predefined operating state is, in particular, an operating state determined, in particular calculated and / or simulated, on the basis of the model before carrying out the method for conditioning air.
  • the operating states of the conditioning plant which can be selected on the basis of the model are preferably predefined operating states of the conditioning plant.
  • a controlled operation of the conditioning plant can be carried out in particular.
  • the controlled operation of the conditioning plant is in particular independent of actual values of the at least two parameters of the output air flow of the conditioning plant. It can be provided that the conditioning device is placed in a readjusting operating state in which a deviation of the actual values of the at least two parameters of the output air flow from the predetermined desired values is determined and in which for further approximation or equalization of the actual values. Values to the setpoint values a readjustment of the conditioner system takes place.
  • a readjustment or a readjusting operating state of the conditioning device is understood in particular to be a supplementary control of the conditioning device on the basis of the controlled operating state.
  • the conditioning device can be put into the readjusted operating state after being put into the selected operating state, in which a deviation of the actual values of the at least two parameters of the output air flow from the predetermined desired values is determined and in which for further approximation The adjustment of the actual values to the desired values is followed by a readjustment of the conditioning device.
  • the moistening device, the dehumidifying device, the heating device and / or the cooling device are placed in a readjusting operating state.
  • a monitoring device determines whether a deviation of the actual values of the at least two parameters of the output air flow from the predetermined desired values exceeds a predetermined maximum deviation. In order in particular to be able to monitor the functionality of the conditioning device, it is possible to determine the level of deviations of the actual values of the at least two parameters of the output air flow from the predetermined desired values. By means of the monitoring device, a malfunction of the conditioning system can preferably be detected or determined.
  • air in particular the output air flow of the conditioning, can be used in particular in a workpiece treatment plant.
  • the present invention therefore also relates to a method for supplying air to a workpiece treatment plant.
  • the method according to the invention for supplying air to a workpiece treatment system preferably has one or more of the features and / or advantages described in connection with the method according to the invention for conditioning air.
  • outlet air flow of the conditioning system is supplied as a treatment air flow to a treatment room of the workpiece treatment system.
  • the plurality of possible actual values of the at least two parameters of the input airflow of the conditioning system are preferably linked to the operating states of the conditioning system so that the available actual values of the at least two parameters of the treatment airflow are within predefined desired value ranges.
  • the output air flow of the conditioning system can be, for example, a part of a treatment air flow or form the entire treatment air flow.
  • the outlet air flow of the conditioning plant is part of the treatment air flow, then the remaining part of the treatment air flow may be, in particular, a circulating air flow conducted in the workpiece treatment plant. If the output air flow of the conditioning plant forms the entire treatment air flow, so is preferably a pure supply air operation of
  • the output air flow of the conditioning plant forms part of the treatment air flow
  • the influence of the circulating air flow conducted in a recirculating air flow on the actual values of the at least two parameters of the treatment air flow is taken into account.
  • the model is preferably a plant-specific model.
  • the dimensions of the workpiece treatment system, in particular of the treatment space of the workpiece treatment system, are preferably taken into account in the model.
  • the type, the extent and / or the duration of the workpiece treatment carried out by means of the workpiece treatment system are taken into account in the model.
  • the input air flow of the conditioning system may be, in particular, a fresh air flow or a recirculated air flow or a mixture of a fresh air flow and a recirculated air flow.
  • the inventive method is particularly suitable for operating a conditioning plant for conditioning air.
  • the present invention therefore also relates to a conditioning plant for conditioning air.
  • the invention is in this respect the task of providing a conditioning, by means of which reliable and energy efficient air is conditioned.
  • a conditioning device for conditioning air which comprises a control device and a
  • Measuring device for determining the actual values of at least two parameters of an input air flow of the conditioning plant to be conditioned, wherein an operating state of the conditioning plant is selectable on the basis of a model by means of which a plurality of possible actual values of the at least two parameters with operating condition of the conditioner is linked, and
  • conditioning device can be displaced into the selected operating state by means of the control device, so that an output air flow of the conditioning device can be generated whose actual values of the at least two parameters are within predetermined desired value ranges.
  • the conditioning apparatus according to the invention preferably has one or more of the features and / or advantages described in connection with the methods according to the invention.
  • the conditioning device preferably comprises a control device for controlling the conditioning device, in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • control device comprises a memory device on which a parameter characteristic map and / or a correlation function is stored, wherein a multiplicity of possible actual values of the at least two parameters can be obtained by means of the parameter characteristic field and / or by means of the correlation function is linked to the operating states of the conditioning plant.
  • the conditioning device preferably comprises a moistening device, a dehumidifying device, a heating device and / or a cooling device.
  • the cooling device may at the same time be a dehumidifying device.
  • the conditioning plant comprises at least one filter device and / or at least one heat exchanger.
  • heat can preferably be transferred from an exhaust air stream leaving a workpiece treatment system to the input air stream of the conditioning system.
  • the conditioning plant comprises a regulating device, by means of which the conditioning plant can be displaced into a readjusting operating state.
  • a deviation of the actual values of the at least two parameters of the output air flow from the predetermined desired values can preferably be determined.
  • a readjustment of the conditioning system can preferably be carried out for the further approximation or equalization of the actual values to the predetermined desired values.
  • the conditioning system conveniently comprises a monitoring device, by means of which it can be determined whether a deviation of the actual values of the at least two parameters of the output air flow from the predefined setpoint values exceeds a predetermined maximum deviation.
  • the conditioning plant according to the invention is particularly suitable for use as a component or in combination with a workpiece treatment system.
  • the present invention therefore also relates to a workpiece treatment system which comprises a conditioning system according to the invention.
  • the workpiece treatment system according to the invention preferably comprises one or more of the features and / or advantages described in connection with the inventive method and / or the conditioning system according to the invention.
  • the outlet air stream of the conditioning plant can preferably be supplied as a treatment air stream to a treatment space of the workpiece treatment plant.
  • the plurality of possible actual values of the at least two parameters of the input airflow of the conditioning system are linked to the operating states of the conditioning system in such a way that the available actual values of the at least two parameters of the treatment airflow are within predetermined desired value ranges.
  • the conditioning plant can be designed as a supply air system and / or as a recirculation system.
  • the conditioning device preferably comprises a housing, at least one fan (blower), at least one filter device (filter stage), a flow rectification, at least one silencing device (silencer) and / or at least one Heat exchanger (heat exchanger), in particular at least one heat wheel.
  • conditioning air is meant in this specification and the appended claims in particular a treatment and / or a treatment of air.
  • the workpiece treatment plant is in particular a surface treatment plant, a processing plant, a coating plant, a
  • Workpieces are, for example, vehicles, vehicle parts, vehicle bodies, vehicle attachment parts, furniture and / or medical devices.
  • the conditioning of air is preferably carried out for process assurance and quality assurance of manufacturing processes, especially in the craft and industrial sectors.
  • the workpiece treatment system and / or in the workpiece treatment system preferably several process steps are feasible, in particular the cleaning and / or degreasing of workpieces, a conversion layer formation (for example phosphating) on the workpieces, a paint application by dipping, a paint application by spray or spray application, the burn-in or curing the paint layer, a control of the workpieces and / or a rework of the workpieces.
  • a conversion layer formation for example phosphating
  • the following desired values and desired value ranges of the relative humidity and the temperature of the treatment air stream are preferably used:
  • the relative humidity is preferably at least about 40% and / or at most about 84%
  • the temperature is preferably at least about 20 ° C and / or at most about 30 ° C.
  • the relative humidity is preferably at least about 60% and / or at most about 70%, and the temperature is preferably at least about 20 ° C and / or at most about 26 ° C.
  • the relative humidity is preferably at least about 55% and / or at most about 75% and the temperature is preferably at least about 20 ° C and / or at most about 26 ° C.
  • the relative humidity is preferably at least about 40% and / or at most about 50% and the temperature preferably at least about 20 ° C and / or at most about 24 ° C.
  • the relative humidity is at least approximately 40% and / or at most approximately 50% and the temperature is preferably at least approximately 18 ° C. and / or at most approximately 22 ° C.
  • the requirements for room air conditioning (conditioning of the treatment air flow) in a treatment room during the application of waterborne paints are different, in particular narrower or higher, compared to the requirements for room air conditioning during the application of solventborne paints. This may, for example, be due to the dilutability of water and to the special requirements of quality and appearance, for example the reproducibility and / or uniformity of effect formation in the case of metallic paints or special effect paints.
  • the fresh and exhaust air requirement can preferably be reduced to at least half.
  • the room conditioning air treatment air stream
  • the guided in the recirculation air for example, by the friction heat of the fan (fan)
  • a cooling device of the conditioning in particular a recirculation system, this can be preferably compensated.
  • the removal of pollutants is preferably a part of the circulating air, for example, about 20%, removed and supplied, for example, an exhaust air purification system.
  • the removed part of the circulating air is preferably replaced by means of a, in particular smaller, supply air system.
  • a cooling device can be dispensable, since even in the summer months, no high temperatures are expected, which would require the cooling of the supplied air.
  • a desired conditioning of the air can be carried out more easily by means of a cooling device.
  • weather reversals may place high demands on the control engineering effort of the conditioning plant, for example due to rising thunderstorms with a rapid increase in the relative humidity.
  • a desired value range or the desired value ranges of the at least two parameters of the treatment air flow are also referred to, for example, as an injection cabin air conditioning window or as a "drying line".
  • the desired value ranges include individual preferred operating points, for example for winter and summer.
  • the operating points are preferably determined during the design of the conditioning plant and / or the workpiece treatment plant.
  • conditioning devices of the conditioning system in particular a moistening device, a dehumidifying device, a heating device and / or a cooling device, by means of a global model, which takes into account the ambient temperature and ambient humidity of the conditioning system.
  • the control can preferably be pre-parameterized by system parameters.
  • a control can be divided into a forward path (precontrol) and a reverse path (regulation).
  • the feedforward control is performed by selecting the operating state based on the model.
  • the control is preferably the readjustment.
  • the feedforward control an energy-optimal control variable combination for the conditioning of the Conditioning plant and an optimal target value calculated in a predetermined target value range, in particular based on the model by the solution of an optimization problem.
  • an optimal solution of temperature and humidity of the input air flow is calculated.
  • the precontrol signal (a control signal of a control device), by means of which the conditioning system can be displaced into the selected operating state, is supplemented by a control signal (readjustment, control signal of a control device).
  • the controller signal is preferably calculated using the actual values of the temperature and humidity of the outflowing air (output airflow).
  • a two-degree-of-freedom structure can preferably be realized.
  • control strategy of the individual conditioning devices can preferably be designed so that, for example, energy-optimized operation is inherently imprinted.
  • control concept for industrial conditioning systems is based on a global model approach to energy-optimal control.
  • control signals control signals and / or control signals for putting into operation states
  • the control signals (control signals and / or control signals for putting into operation states) of the individual conditioning devices are preferably coordinated centrally.
  • strategy changes for example in the case of weather changes, can be taken into account.
  • manipulated variable combinations and setpoint values can preferably be calculated energy-optimally.
  • the algorithms of the calculation strategy are preferably matched to the process control hardware and / or process control software typical of supply air systems and / or recirculation systems.
  • the complex optimization problem can be reduced to a numerically highly efficiently solvable linear optimization problem.
  • the solution of the complex problem is preferably approximated with sufficient accuracy.
  • the coordinating control is pre-parameterized by physically interpretable system parameters.
  • the risk of vibration of the conditioning devices and the emergence of limit cycles can be reduced, in particular completely avoided.
  • thermodynamic interactions such as the coupling of temperature and relative humidity, are considered in the model.
  • control and / or control behavior can be optimized.
  • control and / or regulating behavior of a plant in particular a conditioning plant and / or a workpiece treatment plant, is already simulated during the design process.
  • an automatic model-based pre-parameterization can take place. This can preferably already in an early project phase Lack of investment in relation to the dynamic tax, and
  • Disturbing behavior can be detected.
  • the predetermined target value range is preferably the amount of operating points on a connecting line in the air temperature-humidity diagram (or enthalpy-moisture diagram) between a summer working point and a winter working point.
  • the ambient temperature and the ambient humidity as well as the connecting line between the summer working point and the winter working point in the air temperature-humidity diagram are used for the calculation of optimal control values and an optimal setpoint value.
  • connection line can also be referred to as Drying Line.
  • the precontrol preferably allows a coordination of the individual conditioning devices based on a, in particular physical, model.
  • the desired values of the at least two parameters of the output air flow are calculated in order to ensure consistent control signals with respect to the control signals.
  • the manipulated variable portion of the control is preferably calculated from the difference between the actual values of the at least two parameters of the output air flow and the associated setpoint values.
  • a model-based, linear MIMO control can also be provided.
  • pilot control and the regulation preferably form a coordinating temperature and humidity control.
  • the conditioning system can preferably be monitored.
  • a control signal of a control device of the conditioning system by means of a control device must be corrected the less, the better the model behavior matches the system behavior.
  • a faulty operating state can preferably be detected.
  • abruptly occurring errors such as, for example, a misalignment of a valve, and / or long-term effects, for example signs of wear, can be detected.
  • abrupt errors can be detected directly and diagnosed by warning messages.
  • Long-term effects can preferably be determined by statistical evaluations of the controller components.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional illustration through a workpiece treatment installation, which comprises a conditioning device for conditioning air;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of another conditioning plant
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration to illustrate the mode of operation of a conditioning plant
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of the illustration of the control
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a
  • FIG. 5 is a corresponding schematic diagram illustrating various operating areas of a conditioning plant
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the controller
  • Fig. 8 is a further schematic illustration for illustrating the
  • An illustrated in Fig. 1, designated as a whole with 100 workpiece treatment system is, for example, as a paint shop 102 for painting of workpieces 103, in particular vehicle bodies formed.
  • the workpiece treatment system 100 comprises a treatment space 104, which is designed in particular as a paint booth 106, and an air guide device 108, by means of which an air flow through the
  • Treatment room 104 can be passed.
  • treatment air flow 109 This air flow is hereinafter referred to as treatment air flow 109.
  • the workpiece treatment system 100 comprises a filter system 110, by means of which the treatment air flow 109 guided through the treatment chamber 104 can be cleaned.
  • paint overspray which was received by the treatment air stream 109 in the treatment space 104, can be separated from the treatment air stream 109.
  • the air-guiding device 108 comprises a conditioning installation 114 designed, for example, as an air-intake system 112.
  • Ambient air in particular fresh air
  • the conditioning plant 114 comprises an air supply duct 118, a blower 120 for driving the air flow and a plurality of conditioning devices 122.
  • the conditioning device 114 comprises a conditioning device 122 embodied as a heating device 124, a conditioning device 122 designed as a cooling device 126, a conditioning device 122 designed as a humidifying device 128 and / or a conditioning device 122 designed as a dehumidifying device 130.
  • the air flow guided through the conditioning device 114 can thus be heated, cooled, moistened and / or dehumidified.
  • the conditioning device 114 further comprises two filter devices 132.
  • a filter device 132 arranged upstream of the conditioning devices 122 and configured as a prefilter 136 is provided, as well as a filter device 132 arranged downstream of the conditioning devices 122 and designed as a postfilter 138.
  • the conditioning devices 122, the filter devices 132 and the blower 120 are arranged in a housing 150 of the conditioning device 114.
  • An exhaust air duct 140 of the air guiding device 108 serves to discharge the treatment air stream 109 cleaned by means of the filter system 110.
  • the supply air duct 118 and the exhaust air duct 140 are preferably thermally coupled to each other by means of a heat exchanger 142.
  • the heat exchanger 142 is designed, for example, as a heat wheel 144 and serves, in particular, to transfer heat from the air flow guided in the exhaust air duct 140 (purified treatment air flow 109) to the air flow guided in the air supply duct 118 (inlet air flow 152).
  • the conditioning system 114 also includes a measuring device 146, by means of which the actual values of at least two parameters of the input airflow 152 of the conditioning system 114 fed through the supply air duct 118 can be determined.
  • an optimized control or regulation of the conditioning system 114 and thus of the entire workpiece treatment system 100 can take place.
  • the workpiece treatment system 100 shown in FIG. 1 functions as follows:
  • the actual values of at least two parameters of the input air flow 152 of the conditioning system 114 are determined.
  • the air temperature and the humidity, in particular the relative humidity, are determined.
  • the conditioning system 114 is set to a specific operating state in order to specifically condition the input airflow 152 in such a way that after passing through the conditioning system 114 and thus leaving it as the output airflow 154 of the conditioning system 114 predetermined, desired air temperature and a predetermined desired humidity has.
  • the output air flow 154 of the conditioning system 114 is supplied to the treatment space 104 as the treatment air flow 109. Because the treatment air stream 109 has a predetermined air temperature and a predefined air humidity, optimal conditions for treating workpieces 103, in particular for painting workpieces 103, prevail in the treatment space 104.
  • the treatment air stream 109 is cleaned by means of the filter system 110 and discharged via the exhaust air duct 140.
  • the heat contained in the purified treatment air stream 109 is at least partially transferred by means of the heat transferer 142 to the inlet airflow 152 guided through the supply air channel 118 and thus preferably not unused to the environment of the workpiece treatment system 100.
  • An alternative embodiment of a conditioning system 114 shown in FIG. 2 differs from that shown in FIG. 1 substantially by the conditioner 114 comprises two heaters 124 and a sound attenuation device 148.
  • conditioner 114 of FIG. 2 is an example as
  • Burner 147 formed heater 124 is provided.
  • the filter device 132 designed as a prefilter 136 is arranged downstream of this heating device 124.
  • This filtering device 132 is followed in the flow direction 134 by the cooling device 126, a heating device 124 designed as a hot water register, the humidifying device 128, the filter device 132 formed as a post-filter 138 and the blower 120.
  • the silencing device 148 is disposed between the filter device 132 formed as a post-filter 138 and the blower 120.
  • the sound damping device 148 is arranged laterally on a housing 150 of the conditioning device 114.
  • a conditioning air inlet 152 supplied to the conditioning plant 114 can thus be first heated, then cleaned, then cooled, reheated, humidified and finally cleaned again.
  • the alternative embodiment of the conditioning device 114 shown in FIG. 2 is identical in terms of design and function to the conditioning device 114 of the workpiece treatment system 100 from FIG. 1, so that reference is made to the above description in this respect.
  • conditioning device 114 in which a cooling device 126, a heating device 124 and a humidifying device 128 are serially provided one after the other.
  • an input airflow 152 can be conditioned by means of the conditioning device 114.
  • the conditioned air stream leaves the conditioning unit 114 as the outlet airflow 154.
  • the cooling device 126 is designed, for example, as a cooling register.
  • the heater 124 is formed, for example, as a heater.
  • a variable cooling water flow is preferably supplied to the cooling device 126 (not shown) of the register tubes.
  • a variable hot water flow is preferably supplied to the heater device 124 (not shown).
  • the water flows are preferably adjustable via valves (not shown), in particular controllable and / or controllable.
  • the humidifier 128 preferably includes a controllable and / or controllable humidifier pump 156.
  • a variable, in particular speed-regulated, water flow can be discharged into the air flow guided by the conditioning system 114.
  • the volume flow of the air flow passed through the conditioning unit 114 is preferably kept constant by means of a blower 120 (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • each conditioning device 122 can preferably be actuated with a separate control signal 158.
  • the conditioning devices 122 can thus in principle be individually controlled and operated essentially independently of one another.
  • the conditioning system 114 preferably has a higher-level control device 160 for controlling the conditioning system 114.
  • the control device 160 is connected to a measuring device 146, by means of which the actual values of the at least two parameters of the input air flow 152 to be conditioned can be determined and communicated to the control device 160 by means of a control or measuring signal 172.
  • the control device 160 comprises a storage device 162, on which a model 164 or a link 164 based on a model 164 between a plurality of possible actual values of the at least two parameters of the input air flow 152 with operating states of the conditioning system 114 is stored.
  • a parameter map 166 and / or a correlation function 168 is stored by means of the memory device 162.
  • an operating state of the conditioning installation 114 can be selected from the determined actual values of the at least two parameters of the input airflow 152 by means of the control device 160.
  • one or more control signals 158 are output to the conditioning devices 122 of the conditioning system 114 by means of the control device 160.
  • the conditioning system 114 may further include a controller 170.
  • the control device 170 is in particular connected to the control device 160 and to a measuring device 146 for determining the actual values of the at least two parameters of the output air flow 154.
  • control device 170 By means of the control device 170 it can be determined whether the operating state of the conditioning device 114 selected by means of the control device 160 actually leads to the maintenance of desired setpoint values of the at least two parameters of the output air flow 154.
  • control signal 158 supplied to the conditioning devices 122 is an effective control signal 158e, which is composed of two control signals 158, namely a control signal 158s of the control device 160 and a control signal 158r of the control device 170.
  • control device 170 may thus include a monitoring device 171.
  • the entries of a manipulated variable vector are preferably the manipulated variables of the individual conditioning devices 122.
  • the proportion of the control device 170 on the effective control signal 158e is low, for example less than approximately 20%, in particular less than approximately 10%, it can be provided that the control device 170 is operated with a linear control concept.
  • the controller 160 may generate optimal control signals 158 for the cooling device 126, the heater 124, and the humidifier 128.
  • a widened setpoint value range 174 of the at least two parameters, in particular the air temperature and the air humidity, can be used.
  • the desired value range 174 results, for example, as a connecting line between two operating points 176 in a diagram in which the air temperature (in ° C.) is plotted against the air humidity (in g of water / kg of dry air) (see FIG. 5).
  • the operating points 176 are, in particular, a summer working point 176s, in which the conditioning installation 114 can be operated in an energy-efficient manner, in particular in summer, and a winter working point 176w, in which the conditioning installation 114 can be operated in an energy-efficient manner, in particular in winter.
  • the summer working point 176s is at an air temperature of about 30 ° C and a relative humidity of about 65%.
  • the winter working point 176w is, for example, at an air temperature of about 20 ° C and a relative humidity of about 55%.
  • point B humidification of the input airflow 152 may be sufficient to meet the setpoint values. If the air is too moist (point C), it can be provided that the inlet airflow 152 is cooled, dehumidified, and then heated (heated).
  • substantially five different regions namely regions I to V, can be distinguished from each other in the air temperature-humidity diagram.
  • isenthalpid humidification may be sufficient to maintain the setpoint values.
  • cooling and humidifying may be provided for compliance with the target values.
  • cooling and subsequent dehumidification and heating of the input airflow 152 are performed to maintain the target values.
  • the inlet airflow 152 is preferably merely heated to maintain the desired values.
  • a change of state from region I to region IV may take place so that the operating state of the conditioning device 114 has to be switched from isenthaler humidification to heating.
  • Isenthalper humidification must therefore be switched to dehumidification, in particular by means of the dehumidifying device 130 and / or by means of the cooling device 126, and heating by means of the heating device 124.
  • FIG. 8 shows the signal flow of the feedforward control that can be carried out by means of the control device 160.
  • the operating points 176s, 176w and the control or measuring signal 172 are supplied by the measuring device 146 as input variables of the control device 160.
  • a control or measuring signal 172 which is forwarded to the control device 170, and the control signal 158s for controlling the conditioning devices 122 are generated therefrom by means of the control device 160.
  • control signal 158s of the control device 160 preferably takes place via the solution of an optimization problem.
  • a linear energy function is used, for example:
  • variables u d i, u d2 and u d 3 are manipulated variable components of the precontrol over which the energy function E is preferably minimized.
  • the variable a d i preferably gives the desired value within the desired value range 174, in particular within the spray booth air conditioning window (the so-called Drying Line).
  • the variables pi, p 2 , p 3 and Pdi are fixed weighting factors and indicate the linear cost factor of the individual conditioning devices 122.
  • Equation 1 is preferably minimized under the following constraints:
  • Secondary condition 1 preferably ensures that the manipulated variables comply with the prescribed limits, ie. remain within the predetermined desired value range 174.
  • Second condition 2 preferably ensures that the solution to the optimization problem lies at the energy-optimal point of the connecting line between the summer working point 176s and the winter working point 176w, that is, on the drying line.
  • the vectors v K ühi, Y He iz and V B are preferably efeuchter direction vectors in the enthalpy-humidity chart.
  • the length and direction of the vectors preferably result from the instantaneous state of the input airflow 152 and the stationary model behavior of the conditioning devices 122.
  • the vectors are preferably determined from the model equations of the conditioning system 122.
  • the direction vector Vwinter preferably describes the vector from the state (operating point) of the input air flow 122 to the winter working point 176w.
  • the vector Vdi preferably describes the vector from the winter working point 176w to summer working point 176s and lies on the Drying Line or runs along the Drying Line.
  • Equation 1 and constraints 1 and 2 describe a linear optimization problem.
  • the optimization problem can preferably be solved iteratively by a simplex algorithm in order to adapt the solution, in particular online, to the changing weather conditions.
  • a simplex algorithm in order to adapt the solution, in particular online, to the changing weather conditions.
  • Optimum operation of the conditioning system 114 can always be ensured by the model-based operating state selection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de conditionnement de air qui peut être mis en œuvre de manière fiable et avec un bon rendement énergétique, comprenant les étapes suivantes : ‑ détermination des valeurs réelles d'au moins deux paramètres d'un flux d'air à conditionner entrant dans une installation de conditionnement ; ‑ sélection d'un état de fonctionnement de l'installation de conditionnement sur la base d'un modèle qui associe une pluralité de valeurs réelles possibles des deux paramètres ou plus à des états de fonctionnement de l'installation de conditionnement ; ‑ passage de l'installation de conditionnement dans l'état de fonctionnement sélectionné de façon à produire à la sortie de l'installation de conditionnement un flux d'air dont les valeurs réelles desdits deux paramètres ou plus se situent à l'intérieur de plages de valeurs de consigne prédéfinies.
EP14717727.3A 2013-04-24 2014-04-10 Procédé et installation de conditionnement d'air Withdrawn EP2989394A1 (fr)

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DE102013207449.2A DE102013207449A1 (de) 2013-04-24 2013-04-24 Verfahren zum Konditionieren von Luft und Konditionieranlage
PCT/EP2014/057299 WO2014173694A1 (fr) 2013-04-24 2014-04-10 Procédé et installation de conditionnement d'air

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BR112015026681A2 (pt) 2017-07-25
DE102013207449A1 (de) 2014-10-30
RU2674291C2 (ru) 2018-12-06
RU2015145016A3 (fr) 2018-03-29
CN105121970A (zh) 2015-12-02
WO2014173694A1 (fr) 2014-10-30
RU2015145016A (ru) 2017-04-26
US20160102882A1 (en) 2016-04-14

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