EP2986885A1 - Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante - Google Patents
Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolanteInfo
- Publication number
- EP2986885A1 EP2986885A1 EP14719043.3A EP14719043A EP2986885A1 EP 2986885 A1 EP2986885 A1 EP 2986885A1 EP 14719043 A EP14719043 A EP 14719043A EP 2986885 A1 EP2986885 A1 EP 2986885A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- buckling
- vessel
- carrier
- elements
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
- F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
- F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
- F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
- F17C2205/0355—Insulation thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
- F17C2205/0364—Pipes flexible or articulated, e.g. a hose
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
- F17C2260/011—Improving strength
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
- F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/011—Barges
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
- F17C2270/0136—Terminals
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks arranged in a bearing structure for containing a cold fluid, in particular to membrane tanks for containing liquefied gases.
- the storage of liquefied gases is carried out at very low temperatures, approximately -160 ° C. This storage is exposed to an evaporation phenomenon depending on the level of thermal insulation of the tank. The reduction of this evaporation involves improving the thermal insulation of the tanks.
- Sealed and thermally insulating tanks are known arranged in the hull of a ship for the transport of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) with a high methane content.
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- Such a tank is disclosed for example in FR-A-2798902.
- a primary insulating barrier and a secondary insulating barrier are formed in a modular form using juxtaposed wooden parallelepiped boxes.
- FR-A-2877638 discloses another LNG tank arranged in the hull of a ship in which a secondary insulating barrier comprises insulating blocks arranged in a repeated pattern.
- the insulating block comprises a generally parallelepipedic block of low density polymer foam sandwiched between a bottom panel and a cover panel.
- the insulating block comprises pillars disposed between the bottom panel and the cover panel. The pillars are distributed in the insulating block to take the compression efforts that can not support the low density foam.
- the invention provides a sealed and thermally insulating vessel integrated in a support structure for containing a fluid, in which a vessel wall comprises from the outside of the vessel towards the inside of the vessel:
- thermal insulation barrier retained on the carrier wall, the thermal insulation barrier consisting of a plurality of heat insulating elements juxtaposed so as to form a support surface
- a heat insulating element having a flattened overall prismatic shape, and comprising:
- an anti-buckling plate parallel to the cover panel and the bottom panel, sandwiched between a first and a second thickness of said thermal insulation, the anti-buckling plate being traversed by the plurality of carrier elements in a plurality of openings, the anti-buckling tray, the openings being spaced apart from each other so as to ensure a distance between two adjacent carrier members, in a plane defined by the anti-buckling plate.
- such a tank may comprise one or more of the following characteristics.
- an opening of the anti-buckling plate has dimensions greater than the dimensions of a cross section of the carrier member engaged in the opening so as to leave a mounting set.
- the mounting clearance is less than three millimeters.
- the anti-buckling plate reflects the effort on the other pillars that oppose this effort.
- the anti-buckling tray is positioned midway between the bottom panel and the cover panel.
- the pillar is maintained in three points constituting two equal pillar portions.
- the thermal insulation comprises a second anti-buckling plate parallel to the bottom panel and the cover panel, sandwiched between the second and third thickness slots of said thermal insulation,
- the second anti-buckling plate being traversed by the plurality of carrier elements in a plurality of openings, arranged in alignment with the openings of the first anti-buckling plate.
- a heat-insulating element comprises a plurality of anti-buckling plates, the anti-buckling plates being in a number greater than or equal to a theoretical number defined so that the distance between two successive holding points of an element carrier in the longitudinal orientation of the carrier member is less than a critical height, Hc predefined, said critical height being equal to:
- the holding points are the second end of the carrier member attached to the bottom panel, the first end of the carrier member attached to the cover panel and each portion of the carrier member engaged in an opening of the anti-buckling trays.
- the heat-insulating element comprises a plurality of anti-buckling plates positioned equidistantly in the thickness of the heat-insulating element.
- a force experienced by a carrier element is distributed identically on each of the sections of the carrier element defined by the position of the anti-buckling plates.
- a heat-insulating element comprises positioning means able to position the anti-buckling plate in the thickness of the heat-insulating element.
- the anti-buckling plate does not crush non-structural insulation.
- the positioning means are arranged on the carrier elements, to block the translation of the anti-buckling plate in a longitudinal direction of the plurality of carrier elements.
- the positioning means comprise a shoulder defined by a difference in cross-section between two adjacent longitudinal segments of a carrier element of the plurality.
- the dimensions of the plurality of openings of the anti-buckling plate are between sectional dimensions of a first of the two segments and sectional dimensions of the second segment of the carrier element.
- the anti-buckling plate rests on the shoulder.
- the positioning means comprise a spacer tube threaded onto a support member, the spacer tube having an outer diameter greater than the dimensions of the opening of the anti-buckling panel to provide at one end of the spacer tube, a support at the anti-buckling panel, and at the other end of the spacer tube a support against the bottom panel of the heat insulating element or other anti-buckling plate.
- the positioning means is a clamped clip on the carrier member blocking the translation movement of the anti-buckling plate in a direction along the direction of the carrier elements.
- the anti-buckling plate is caught between two clips prohibiting any movement in the longitudinal direction of the carrier elements.
- the positioning means comprise a longitudinal portion of a carrier member which is flared and in which the dimensions of an opening of the anti-buckling plate substantially correspond to the dimensions of the section of the longitudinal portion of the carrier element.
- the positioning means comprise support pillars orthogonal to the bottom panel, a first end of which is integral with the bottom panel and the other end serves as a fulcrum for said anti-buckling plate.
- the invention also provides a sealed and insulating tank arranged in a supporting structure, the tank comprising from outside the tank towards the inside of the tank:
- a primary thermal insulation barrier is supported and retained on the sealing barrier, the primary thermal insulation barrier consisting of a plurality of primary heat insulating elements juxtaposed to form a primary support surface,
- a primary sealing barrier resting on the primary support surface, a primary heat-insulating element having the same characteristics as the secondary indicated heat-insulating element.
- Such a tank may be part of an onshore storage facility, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deep water, including a LNG tank, a floating storage and regasification unit (FS U ), a floating production and remote storage unit (FPSO) and others.
- FS U floating storage and regasification unit
- FPSO floating production and remote storage unit
- a vessel for the transport of a cold liquid product comprises a double hull and a aforementioned tank disposed in the double hull.
- the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a vessel, in which a cold liquid product is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel vessel.
- the invention also provides a transfer system for a cold liquid product, the system comprising the abovementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged to connect the vessel installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating storage facility. or terrestrial and a pump for driving a flow of cold liquid product through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel vessel.
- a transfer system for a cold liquid product the system comprising the abovementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged to connect the vessel installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating storage facility. or terrestrial and a pump for driving a flow of cold liquid product through the insulated pipelines from or to the floating or land storage facility to or from the vessel vessel.
- Figure 1 is a partial cutaway perspective view of a sealed and thermally insulating tank wall using heat insulated boxes.
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic side view of a heat insulating element that can be used in the tank wall of FIG. 1, illustrating stresses and deformations to which it is subjected.
- FIG. 3 is a partially transparent perspective view of a heat insulating element having a reinforced cover panel.
- Figure 4 is a schematic view illustrating the effects of buckling of a pillar subjected to a force greater than the maximum allowable force by this pillar.
- FIG. 5 is a partial cutaway perspective view of an insulating box comprising an anti-buckling plate placed between two layers of thermal insulation.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a pillar having a shoulder for positioning a tray according to FIG. 5.
- FIGS. 7a to 7g are top views of a pillar that can be used in a box according to Figure 5.
- FIG. 8 is a cutaway schematic representation of a vessel of a LNG carrier comprising an insulating barrier composed of caissons according to FIG. 5 and a loading / unloading terminal of this vessel.
- FIG. 1 represents a leaktight and insulating wall of a tank integrated in a carrying structure of a ship.
- the bearing structure of the tank is constituted by the inner hull of a double-hulled vessel, whose wall is represented by the number 1.
- a corresponding wall of the tank is made by superposition of, successively, a secondary insulation layer 2, a secondary sealed barrier 3, a primary insulation layer 4 and a primary sealed barrier 5 .
- the primary insulation layer 4 and the secondary insulation layer 2 consist of heat-insulating elements and more particularly heat-insulated parallelepipedic boxes 6 and 7 juxtaposed in a regular pattern.
- the primary caissons 7 and the secondary caissons 6 thus form a substantially flat surface which carries respectively the primary watertight barrier 5 and the secondary watertight barrier 3.
- the primary watertight barrier 5 and the secondary watertight barrier 3 consist of parallel Invar® 8 strakes with raised edges, which are alternately arranged with elongated welding supports (not shown), also in Invar®. More specifically, the welding supports extend perpendicularly to the wall and are retained each time at the underlying insulation layer 2 or 4, for example by being housed in inverted T-shaped grooves 10 formed in the lids panels 1 1 of the caissons 6 and 7 The raised edges of the strakes 8 are welded along the weld supports.
- the primary insulating boxes 7 and the secondary insulating boxes 6 are held on the supporting structure by means of anchoring members 12.
- the anchoring members 12 of the secondary insulating layer 2 are fixed to the wall 1 through the studs 13 welded perpendicularly to the wall 1.
- FR-A-2973097 describes such a tank, in particular the anchoring members 12 serving the fixing of the primary insulating boxes 7 and the secondary insulating boxes 8.
- Figure 2 illustrates the structure of a box 15 which can be implemented in such a tank wall.
- the box 15 has a bottom panel 16 on which are placed ladders 17 consisting of rows of pillars 18 extending perpendicularly to the bottom panel 16, a batten 19 and a beam 20. Each row of pillar 18 s presses the bottom panel 16 through the batten 19 and carries the beam 20 which supports the cover panel 11 and is attached thereto.
- the assembly of the ladders 17 and their attachment to the panels is carried out using fastening elements, for example by stapling.
- a heat-insulating lining 21 is disposed between the bottom panel 16 and the lid panel 11 and surrounds the pillars 18.
- the beams 20 make it possible to stiffen the cover panel 11 and to distribute the load when the panel is subjected to the stresses which are for example exerted by the fluid present inside the tank and which are schematized here by the arrows 22, by for example, these stresses may be due to the sloshing of the fluid in the tank.
- the cover panel 11 tends to deform and warp between two scales 17, under the effect of pressure, along the curves schematized by the curves 24.
- This deformation tends to cause rotation of the lateral beams located on each side of the median plane of the caisson 15. This rotation is illustrated by the lines 23.
- This deformation and this rotation causes the bending of the lateral pillars 18 located on the scales on each side of the median plane of the heat insulating element 15 towards the outside of the box, as illustrated by the curve 25.
- the pillar is thus weakened by this deflection 25, which adds to the stresses of compression exerted on the pillars 18.
- the box 15 can be replaced by a reinforced box 30 as shown in Figure 3.
- a reinforced box 30 has a bottom panel 31 on which are fixed slats 32.
- a row of pillars 33 is positioned and fixed each time above a corresponding batten 32.
- a reinforced cover panel 34 is attached to the pillars 33.
- the pillars 33 allow in particular the transmission of the stresses exerted on the cover panel 34 to the wall 1 and therefore have a compressive strength function.
- a heat-insulating lining not shown, fills the space between the pillars and may for example be made of an insulating foam cast between the pillars 33 or a block of foam machined to fit the pillars 33.
- the rows of successive pillars 33 are shifted relative to each other. Indeed, the pillars 33 of the two successive rows 29 and 39 comprise pillars 33 spaced at the same regular spacing, however, the two rows of pillars 33 are offset in the direction of their length by half a spacing. Such an arrangement allows a good compromise between the number of pillars 33 in the box 30 and the good distribution of the load.
- the reinforced cover panel 34 has an upper panel 35 and a lower panel 36 each having a thickness of 15mm and spaced apart by a series of parallel solid beams 37.
- the beams 37 extend parallel to the longitudinal sides of the box 30.
- a beam 37 is each time positioned along and above a row of pillars 33.
- the beams 37 have a rectangular section and a thickness of 15mm. However, these beams may also have a trapezoidal section.
- the beams 37 and the panels 35 and 36 are rigidly connected, thus when the upper panel 35 is subjected to the stresses exerted by the fluid and tends to warp, the lower panel 36 works in tension, which prevents the rotation of the beams 37.
- the beams 37 being immobilized by the lower panel 36, the deformation of the upper panel 35 is attenuated.
- the mechanical characteristics of a box 6 or a box 7 are related to those of the cover panel 11 or 34, but also the pillars 33 undergoing the compressive force.
- a material having a superior insulating power or one increases the thickness of the box.
- the pillar 33 is exposed to a risk of buckling or rupture.
- the case of the rupture corresponds to a stress on the pillar 33 much higher than that which one must exercise to cause a buckling.
- the break is more like a delamination between the different layers.
- the evaluation of the critical height Hc, as a function of the surface of the carrier element is determined using the data of Table 1. It is found that the critical height is dependent on the temperature of use of the material .
- the pillars 33 have a length greater than the critical height.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the effects of a variable load 45 at different locations on the surface of a box 30.
- This load 45 is not evenly distributed over the surface of the lid panel 34 of the box 30.
- the load 45 is more low with a force 45a outside the surface of the box in the alignment of the pillar 33a and increases up to the maximum force 45c.
- This effort 45c located at right pillar 33c flambers the pillar 33c.
- the effects of buckling on the pillar 33c are the highest at half the distance between two attachment points of the pillar 33c.
- the fixing points are the fixing with the lid panel 34 and the fixing with the bottom panel 31 which is not shown here.
- Containing the buckling therefore amounts to blocking the lateral movement undergone by the pillar 33c under the effect of the force 45c.
- a plate 40 By interposing between the pillars 33 a plate 40, it is possible to limit the lateral movements.
- Each pillar 33 passes through this plate 40 into openings 41.
- the plate 40 secures the pillars 33 between them to avoid displacements in the plane.
- the force exerted by a pillar 33c on the plate 40 under a force 45c is taken up by all the other pillars 33a.
- This plate 40 is preferably placed midway between the two anchoring points of the pillar 33. Thus, the plate 40 is placed at the point of maximum observed deformation, the pillar 33 in the buckling mode 1.
- the plate it is possible to arrange the plate at other locations in the longitudinal direction of a pillar 33.
- the openings 41 have a dimension slightly greater than that of the pillars 33, creating a game 42.
- This game 42 is intended to facilitate the mounting of the plate 10 on the pillars 33.
- the presence of this game 42 leaves a degree of freedom of the plaque.
- the plate Under the effect of a force exerted by the pillar 33c at the point of contact 47, the plate is translated in the direction of the buckling 46 undergone by the pillar 33c.
- the openings 41 of the plate 40 are then in abutment with the pillars 33a in contact zones 47.
- the set of pillars 33a then oppose the buckling force by an opposing force 48.
- the game 42 must be weak.
- the clearance is less than 3 millimeters, and preferably greater than 1 millimeter.
- the holes are fitted on the pillars 33. In the absence of mounting clearance, there is no floating of the plate 40.
- Such an anti-buckling plate 40 can be arranged in a box 15 shown in dotted line in FIG.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a box 30 in which an anti-buckling plate 40 is inserted between two layers 21a and 21b of the heat-insulating lining 21.
- the heat-insulating lining 21 can be made using various insulators, such as polyurethane foam, or mineral wools.
- various insulators such as polyurethane foam, or mineral wools.
- the insulation collapses under the weight of the plate 40.
- this prevents the plate 40 from crushing the heat-insulating packing 21 or in the case of a powdery insulator to produce transfer effects between the compartments of the box 30 delimited by the plate 40.
- this function is then carried out using a positioning pillar 60 comprising a shoulder 61, separating two portions 62 and 63 from the positioning pillar 60.
- the two portions 62 and 63 are sectioned. square different.
- the opening 41 corresponding to the positioning pillar 60 has dimensions between the dimensions of the two sections of the positioning pillar 60.
- the shoulder 61 can be obtained in the mass of the positioning pillar 60, over all or part of its periphery. It can also be obtained using a patch held on the pillar by any known means. For example, the patch is glued. Alternatively, the insert is assembled by a tapped anchor with a glued screw.
- the positioning pillars 60 To maintain the plate 40, simply install three positioning pillars 60 to stabilize the plate. For this, it is preferable to choose to place the positioning pillars 60 to define a triangle whose surface inscribed in the surface of the box 15 or 30 is the largest.
- two positioning pillars 60 diagonally are also suitable. It is also possible to support the plate 40 by all the pillars installed in the box 15 or 30. In a preferred embodiment, the positioning pillars 60 are placed at the corners of the box. In the case of caissons 15 or 30 particularly stressed, the center of the plate 40 is also supported.
- the shoulder 61 is turned towards the bottom panel 16 or 31, namely upwards in the direction of the gravity field.
- the box 15 or 30 will for example be equipped with two sets of pillars.
- the shoulders of the first series will be turned towards the bottom panel 16 or 31 and the pillars 60 fixed on the cover panel 11 or 34.
- the pillars 60 of the second series will be fixed on the bottom panel 16 or 31, with the shoulders facing the cover panel 11 or 34.
- the support is obtained using a spacer tube.
- This tube is threaded around the pillars 33 disposed at the support positions, such as the corners and the center.
- This spacer then acts as a reported shoulder.
- the shoulder 61 or reported spacer prohibit the displacement along the longitudinal axis of the pillars 33 of the plate 40 in one direction. In some cases, it may be useful to block the plate 40 in both directions. It then suffices, after having installed the plate 40 in abutment, to thread a second spacer tube corresponding to the remaining pillar length 33 to immobilize the plate 40 in both directions.
- the plate 40 is integral with at least three pillars 33. can move more in the direction of the thickness to crush the heat-insulating lining 21.
- a plate 40 is made for example by molding.
- the section of the pillars of FIG. 6 is square, but with reference to FIGS. 7a to 7g, all circular, polygonal, solid or hollow, H-shaped, cross pillar shapes are adapted and can be held by an anti-blocking plate 40. buckling.
- the anti-buckling function of the plate 40 is ensured by adapting the shape of the opening 41 to the shape of the pillar.
- each plate 40 has openings 41 whose dimensions depend on the section of the positioning pillar 60 at its destination height in the box 15 or 30.
- the box 15 or 30 has two types of positioning pillars 60 The first type of positioning pillars 60 has a shoulder height 61 different from the height of the shoulder 61 of the second type of positioning pillars 60.
- the box 15 or 30 is then equipped with two plates 40 which are distinguished by openings 41 whose size to the right of each pillar 33 of the box 15 or 30 is adapted according to the location of the plate 40 in the thickness of the box 15 or 30.
- plates 40 in height relative to the pillar 33, or in the direction of the thickness of the caisson 15 or 30, is free and depends on the conditions of use of the caisson 15 or 30. Preferably, the distribution in the thickness will be homogeneous, regular.
- the plate or plates 40, the bottom panel 16 and the cover panel 11 or 34 are equidistant in pairs.
- the pillar has a section that increases from the top to the base of the pillar, over all or part of its length. For example, it flares out from a square section towards the base to form a truncated pyramid.
- the section of the pillar is a disc and the pillar in the shape of a truncated cone.
- the manufacture of the anti-buckling plate 40 can be made of any material, especially plywood with a thickness of less than 20 mm, composite or metallic materials.
- the wood used may be birch or any other species.
- the realization of the openings 41 may be pierced by any known means and in particular the waterjet cutting, laser cutting, cutting from a punch (or punch), the cutting with the milling cutter.
- the plate 40 may for example be metallic with stamped openings.
- the stamped portion forming a flange to increase the bearing area 47 of the plate 40 in contact with the pillar 33.
- the plate 40 is made of a plastic material, by molding.
- the assembly of a heat insulating element can be done in different ways.
- the manufacturing begins with the realization of the assembly of the bottom panel 16 with the slats 19 serving soleplate on which are added the pillars 33.
- the lower insulation layer 21a is inserted on the pillar structure 33 followed by the perforated plate 40.
- a second insulating layer 21b is inserted into the upper structure of the pillars 33.
- the cover panel 11 or 34 is fixed to the pillars 33.
- the assembly begins with the attachment of the slats 19 to the bottom panel 16. Then the lower insulation slice 21a is added, followed by the perforated plate 40 and the upper insulation slice 21b. The pillars are then inserted using a template plate for positioning the pillars 33. Finally, the box 15 or 30 is finalized with the cover panel 34.
- a cutaway view of a LNG tank 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
- the wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary sealed barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary sealed barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double hull 72.
- loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a marine or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG to or from the tank 71.
- FIG. 8 represents an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77.
- the loading and unloading station 75 is an off-shore fixed installation comprising an arm mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74.
- the movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 that can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
- the movable arm 74 can be adapted to all gauges LNG carriers .
- a connection pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 78.
- the loading and unloading station 75 enables the loading and unloading of the LNG tank 70 from or to the shore facility 77.
- the underwater line 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore installation 77 over a large distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the tanker vessel 70 at great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1353374A FR3004512B1 (fr) | 2013-04-15 | 2013-04-15 | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante |
| PCT/FR2014/050695 WO2014170572A1 (fr) | 2013-04-15 | 2014-03-25 | Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2986885A1 true EP2986885A1 (fr) | 2016-02-24 |
| EP2986885B1 EP2986885B1 (fr) | 2017-05-10 |
Family
ID=48613985
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14719043.3A Active EP2986885B1 (fr) | 2013-04-15 | 2014-03-25 | Cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2986885B1 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR102112775B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN105164459B (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2014255598B2 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2636265T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3004512B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2014170572A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3030014B1 (fr) | 2014-12-15 | 2017-10-13 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Bloc isolant convenant pour realiser une paroi isolante dans une cuve etanche |
| FR3050009B1 (fr) * | 2016-04-07 | 2018-04-27 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante |
| FR3052227B1 (fr) * | 2016-06-01 | 2018-12-07 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Bloc isolant et cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante integree dans une structure porteuse polyedrique |
| FR3074560B1 (fr) * | 2017-12-04 | 2021-06-04 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante |
| FR3110952B1 (fr) * | 2020-05-27 | 2022-05-06 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Caisse autoporteuse convenant pour le soutien et l'isolation thermique d'une membrane étanche |
| KR102866668B1 (ko) * | 2021-03-31 | 2025-10-01 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | 선박용 액화가스 저장탱크의 단열구조체 |
| FR3149067B1 (fr) * | 2023-05-23 | 2025-04-18 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Panneau isolant convenant pour la fabrication d’une paroi de cuve et muni d’un instrument de mesure d’efforts |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2527544B1 (fr) * | 1982-06-01 | 1987-01-09 | Gaz Transport | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante integree a la structure porteuse d'un navire et navire la comportant |
| CN85105351B (zh) * | 1985-07-13 | 1988-04-13 | 日本钢管株式会社 | 液化气储运罐的绝热方法和系统 |
| FR2739675B1 (fr) * | 1995-10-05 | 1997-11-07 | Gaztransport Et Technigaz | Cuve terrestre pour le stockage du liquide a basse temperature |
| US6732881B1 (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2004-05-11 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Liquefied gas storage tank |
| FR2798902B1 (fr) * | 1999-09-29 | 2001-11-23 | Gaz Transport & Technigaz | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante integree dans une structure porteuse de navire et procede de fabrication de caissons isolants destines a etre utilises dans cette cuve |
| FR2867831B1 (fr) * | 2004-03-17 | 2006-05-19 | Gaz Transport & Technigaz | Caisse autoporteuse en bois convenant pour le soutien et l'isolation thermique d'une membrane de cuve etanche |
| FR2877638B1 (fr) | 2004-11-10 | 2007-01-19 | Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolee a elements calorifuges resistants a la compression |
| FR2877639B1 (fr) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-12-15 | Gaz Transp Et Technigaz Soc Pa | Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolee integree a la stucture porteuse d'un navire |
| FR2903165B1 (fr) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-09-05 | Gaz Transport & Technigaz | Panneau prefabrique avec film protecteur |
| FR2910965B1 (fr) * | 2006-12-27 | 2009-04-03 | Aker Yards S A Sa | Procede de mesure de la porosite reelle de la barriere d'etancheite d'une cuve de confinement de fluide. |
| CN102159451B (zh) * | 2008-08-21 | 2014-08-06 | 大宇造船海洋株式会社 | 液化气储罐和包含液化气储罐的海运结构 |
| FR2978749B1 (fr) * | 2011-08-01 | 2014-10-24 | Gaztransp Et Technigaz | Bloc isolant pour la fabrication d'une paroi de cuve |
-
2013
- 2013-04-15 FR FR1353374A patent/FR3004512B1/fr active Active
-
2014
- 2014-03-25 AU AU2014255598A patent/AU2014255598B2/en active Active
- 2014-03-25 ES ES14719043.3T patent/ES2636265T3/es active Active
- 2014-03-25 KR KR1020157032678A patent/KR102112775B1/ko active Active
- 2014-03-25 EP EP14719043.3A patent/EP2986885B1/fr active Active
- 2014-03-25 CN CN201480017308.5A patent/CN105164459B/zh active Active
- 2014-03-25 WO PCT/FR2014/050695 patent/WO2014170572A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3004512A1 (fr) | 2014-10-17 |
| KR20150143776A (ko) | 2015-12-23 |
| EP2986885B1 (fr) | 2017-05-10 |
| WO2014170572A1 (fr) | 2014-10-23 |
| CN105164459A (zh) | 2015-12-16 |
| CN105164459B (zh) | 2017-07-11 |
| ES2636265T3 (es) | 2017-10-05 |
| AU2014255598B2 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
| KR102112775B1 (ko) | 2020-05-19 |
| FR3004512B1 (fr) | 2016-09-30 |
| AU2014255598A1 (en) | 2015-10-15 |
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