EP2984707A1 - Verspiegelte fensterscheibe, insbesondere für schienenfahrzeuge - Google Patents
Verspiegelte fensterscheibe, insbesondere für schienenfahrzeugeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2984707A1 EP2984707A1 EP14718024.4A EP14718024A EP2984707A1 EP 2984707 A1 EP2984707 A1 EP 2984707A1 EP 14718024 A EP14718024 A EP 14718024A EP 2984707 A1 EP2984707 A1 EP 2984707A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- structural elements
- radio communication
- window pane
- sei
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mirrored window pane for use in vehicles, in particular rail vehicles such. Trains or trams, and a vehicle equipped with such windows.
- the window pane has a transparent, structured and electrically conductive metallization.
- Mirroring is used as a sunscreen and is intended to prevent a vehicle from being heated up by heat radiation. However, not only the heat radiation or the sun's rays are reflected by the mirroring of the window panes, but also other electromagnetic waves such. the electromagnetic waves for mobile communication services of radio communication devices.
- the vehicle thus has a high transmission loss for electromagnetic waves and acts like a Faraday 'shear Cage.
- the attenuation is around 30 dB.
- the shielding is thus about 99, 9%.
- a renunciation or a reduction of the mirroring and thus a reduction or a cancellation of the (thermal) insulation effect are known from the prior art such as from htt: // de. wikipedia. org / wiki / Intra-repeater so-called Intra-Repeater to overcome the fürgangsdämp- known.
- Intrain repeater is intended to improve communication between a mobile terminal (eg mobile phone, tablet PC, smartphone, etc.) and a radio communication device which is located outside the vehicle (eg mobile radio network, etc.) and to ensure a communication link that is as trouble-free as possible be enabled.
- a mobile terminal eg mobile phone, tablet PC, smartphone, etc.
- a radio communication device which is located outside the vehicle (eg mobile radio network, etc.) and to ensure a communication link that is as trouble-free as possible be enabled.
- window panes for use in vehicles are known from document DE 195 03 892 C1 or from document EP 2 586 610 A1, by means of which the reception quality for mobile terminals (eg mobile phones, etc.) in the Interior of a vehicle - even without the use of a repeater - is increased.
- This window pane is provided with an electrically conductive, transparent layer.
- This layer is, for example by means of metallic vapor deposition on the Was applied, wherein the layer is patterned during vapor deposition.
- the structuring of the layer is designed so that signals from certain radio communication devices (eg GSM, UMTS, radio waves, etc.) and thus can pass as unhindered at certain frequencies. However, signals are not frequency-selectively transmitted through these windows, which can be disturbed, for example, located in the interior of the vehicle radio communication facilities.
- a wireless Internet access is nowadays offered for example in these vehicles.
- the vehicle or the train is equipped with wireless local area network or WLAN technology, so that the mobile data services or the wireless Internet in all cars of the train is available - even if the train is traveling outside of areas, which for these services have adequate network coverage.
- a corresponding infrastructure or radio communication device such as WLAN hotspots is mounted within the vehicle.
- signals from radio communication devices which are located outside the vehicle and use a same frequency range are not kept away from the interior of the vehicle. These signals can then interfere with the radio communication device inside the vehicle or the services offered. Furthermore, for example, offered in a vehicle communication services, which are eg offered to the passengers for free, could also be used from outside the vehicle. In addition, radio communication equipment radio communication system outside the vehicle may be disturbed by the radio signals of the vehicle mounted. Presentation of the invention
- the invention is therefore based on the object to improve a reception and connection quality of used in vehicles radio communication equipment - regardless of the attachment of the radio communication device.
- the metallization frequency is carried out selectively.
- the metallization has a filter characteristic in such a way that signals or frequency ranges of signals from and to radio communication systems which are arranged outside the vehicle are transmitted, and in that signals or frequency ranges of signals from and to radio communication devices which are arranged inside the vehicle are blocked, or strongly attenuated.
- the main aspect of the window pane according to the invention is that the window pane is frequency-selective. Due to the corresponding properties of the window panes, signals or frequency ranges of communication services whose radio communication devices are located outside the vehicle are transmitted as unhindered as possible. It can provide communication services without strong
- Losses are used by a damping when passing through the window pane. It is thus possible, for example, to use communication services of GSM, UMTS, in the future also LTE radio communication equipment in the interior of the vehicle trouble-free. It is also conceivable that signals from GSM-R (GSM-Railway), DVB-T, radio waves or BOS-radio like e.g. TETRA can pass through the windowpane as unhindered as possible.
- GSM-R GSM-Railway
- DVB-T radio waves or BOS-radio like e.g. TETRA
- Window pane is that due to the special frequency-selective design signals or frequency ranges of wireless communication devices (eg WLAN), which in the interior of the Vehicle are attached, locked. This allows undisturbed operation of these radio communication devices in the interior of the vehicle and further reduces interference with radio communication devices arranged outside the vehicle. In addition, a use of these located in the interior of the vehicle radio communication facilities from the outside is considerably more difficult.
- wireless communication devices eg WLAN
- the window pane Due to the corresponding filter characteristic of the metallization, the window pane has an effect similar to a band-stop filter for specific frequency ranges predetermined by radio communication devices used in the interior of the vehicle. Furthermore, a heat radiation is held by the metallization. The interior of the vehicle is thus better thermally insulated and is e.g. better protected from being heated by sunlight.
- the metallization is patterned by a pattern having at least two different structural elements.
- the pattern or structure of the metallization formed by the features is ideally optimized to provide low attenuation in the desired passbands and high attenuation in the desired stopper regions.
- an insulating spacing is provided between the structural elements.
- the exact resonance frequencies of the structural elements are detuned by the proximity to adjacent structural elements.
- the detuning distance represents a significant influencing factor for detuning the juxtaposed or adjacent structural elements.
- Detuning is understood, for example, in electrical engineering to be a relative representation of a frequency ratio, wherein one of the frequencies is predetermined and regarded as fixed.
- the predetermined frequency is usually a resonant frequency, e.g. the structural elements used in each case.
- the detuning thus describes in standardized form how a current frequency deviates from the expected resonance or filter frequency.
- the degree of detuning is influenced by the insulation distance or by its width.
- the isolation distance also influences a degree of coverage of the metallization and thus the transmission at frequencies in frequency ranges outside the blocking regions determined by the structure.
- a special embodiment variant of the window pane according to the invention is ideally provided for the pattern of metallization cross-shaped and rectangular, in particular square, structural elements.
- the cross-shaped structural elements are advantageously periodically repeatedly arranged in two spatial directions in such a way that the horizontally and vertically aligned ends of the cross-shaped structural elements are adjacent to one another, and that of the empty spaces lying between each four cross-shaped structural elements, the rectangular or square structural elements be formed.
- a lower stop band can be determined by a length of the cross-shaped structural elements and an upper stop band by a side length of the rectangular or square structural elements.
- the corresponding frequencies are then reflected to a greater extent and thus a transmission of these frequencies or of the associated frequency ranges is greatly reduced by the window pane according to the invention.
- the exact resonance frequencies of cross-shaped or rectangular structural elements are detuned by the proximity to adjacent cross-shaped or rectangular structural elements.
- the degree of detuning can be influenced - i. E.
- the cross-shaped and rectangular or square structural elements are changed in their respective lengths or the width of the insulating spacing is varied so that the detuning between adjacent structural elements is compensated. That by a suitable choice of the structural element parameters, e.g. Shape, length of the structural elements, width of the isolation distance, etc. can be found for the desired passable and to be blocked frequency ranges an optimal structure of the metallization, by which an optimal reception quality for communication services of radio communication devices inside and outside the vehicle is made possible.
- the metallization is additionally provided with a fine structure. Due to the fine structure, the properties of the window pane in the optical and thermal range can be improved in a simple manner. Ie radiation in the visible frequency spectrum and / or heat radiation are better reflected or the transmission is reduced. Furthermore, with the help of the fine structure and a visually appealing appearance of the window can be achieved. For example, targeted lettering or shapes (eg logos, etc.) can be applied to the window pane.
- a preferred embodiment of the subject invention provides that a so-called wireless local area network or WLAN can be used as the radio communication device arranged in the interior of the vehicle.
- a so-called wireless local area network or WLAN can be used as the radio communication device arranged in the interior of the vehicle.
- WLAN wireless local area network
- vehicles such as e.g. Trains, Wi-Fi technology or infrastructure (e.g., Wi-Fi hotspots, etc.) used to offer passengers mobile data services.
- Wi-Fi technology or infrastructure e.g., Wi-Fi hotspots, etc.
- wireless networks For the operation of wireless networks (WLAN according to IEEE standards 802.11a / h and 802.11 ⁇ ), two license-free frequency bands have been released from the ISM bands at present - these are the ranges of 2.45 GHz - 2.48 GHz and of 5, 2 GHz to 5.8 GHz.
- GSM Global System for Mobile communications
- UMTS Long Term Evolution
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- GSM-R a GSM standard, which has been adapted to the railway
- DVB-T DVB-T
- FM radio waves FM radio waves
- / or BOS radio eg TETRA
- This can eg TV broadcasts, radio broadcasts, etc. of passengers or official direction radio received by emergency services in vehicles without interference and used.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically and by way of example a section of the mirrored window pane according to the invention with an exemplary pattern structure of the metallization.
- FIG. 2 shows by way of example and schematically a rail vehicle with window panes mirrored according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically and by way of example a section of the mirrored window pane FS according to the invention, which in vehicles F such as e.g. Rail vehicles can be used.
- the exemplified window pane FS has a transparent and electrically conductive metallization ME, which is frequency-selective due to structuring.
- the radio-communication device such as e.g. Mobile radio networks according to the GSM, UMTS or in the future according to the LTE standard or possibly also signals from GSM-R networks, DVB-T, FM radio waves or BOS radio system such.
- TETRA which are outside the vehicle F are allowed to pass.
- the exemplary window pane FS is structured by a pattern with at least two different structural elements SEI, SE2. Between the structural elements, an insulating gap IS is provided, which has no metallization ME.
- the pattern of structuring comprises a first structural element SEI, which is designed as a cross-shaped structural element SEI.
- the cross-shaped structural element SEI is arranged in two spatial directions - horizontal and vertical - periodically repeating, the cross ends of the adjacent cross-shaped structural elements SEI show each other in both vertical and vertical spatial direction.
- a second structural element SE2 insulated by the insulating spacing IS is formed.
- the second structural element is rectangular or square as shown in FIG.
- a frequency-selective blocking of two frequency bands with significant different center frequency allows - such as the two royalty-free shared frequency ranges from the ISM bands of 2, 45GHz - 2.48 GHz and 5.2 GHz to 5.8 GHz, which are used for the operation of wireless networks or wireless LAN.
- a lower blocking band is essentially determined by a length of the first, cross-shaped structural element SEI.
- the length of the cross-shaped structural element SEI is in the order of half a wavelength of the selected lower frequency.
- An incident radio wave causes the cross-shaped structural elements SEI to oscillate in the selected frequency range.
- An upper stop band is realized in the pattern of the metallization ME shown by way of example in FIG. 1 through the second, rectangular or square structural element SE2.
- the upper stopband is determined by a side length of the second structural element SE2.
- the page length is on the order of half the wavelength of the selected upper frequency.
- the pattern is identical for both spatial directions. This is e.g. achieved a similar effect for two orthogonally polarized, incident radio waves.
- an effect of the structural elements SE1, SE2 becomes independent or invariant, at least for vertically incident radio waves, from their polarization.
- the exact resonant frequencies of the cross and square structural elements SEI, SE2 are then e.g.
- the cross-shaped structural elements SEI as the rectangular or square structural elements SE2 in the respective side lengths are changed until a detuning of an adjacent or adjacent structural element SEI, SE2 is compensated.
- the degree of coverage of the metallization ME and thus transmission of signals at frequencies outside the selected stop bands can also be affected by the insulating spacing IS. be flown.
- the parameters such as side length, etc. of the structural elements SEI, SE2 optimized structures of the metallization ME can be found for the respectively to be blocked frequency range or for the corresponding arranged in the interior of the vehicle F radio communication devices. That is, the metallization can be optimally adjusted to the requirements as to which radio communication devices or which frequencies are to be passed or blocked.
- the metallization ME of the window panes FS can still be provided with a fine structure, by means of which the properties in the optical and thermal range are improved.
- the fine structure for example, an appearance of the window panes FS can be designed accordingly. For example, attractive structural patterns, shapes, logos, etc. can be realized.
- the mirrored windows FS can be arranged distributed over the sides of the vehicle. In this way, the reception conditions for both the radio communication devices arranged outside the vehicle F and for the radio communication devices arranged inside the vehicle F are optimized or improved.
- the window panes FS according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in rail vehicles, in particular in trains and / or trams.
- the windows of the present invention may be used in other vehicles (e.g., buses, etc.) and in mirrored windows.
Landscapes
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013206180 | 2013-04-09 | ||
| PCT/EP2014/056931 WO2014166869A1 (de) | 2013-04-09 | 2014-04-07 | Verspiegelte fensterscheibe, insbesondere für schienenfahrzeuge |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2984707A1 true EP2984707A1 (de) | 2016-02-17 |
| EP2984707B1 EP2984707B1 (de) | 2020-08-05 |
Family
ID=50513219
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14718024.4A Not-in-force EP2984707B1 (de) | 2013-04-09 | 2014-04-07 | Verspiegelte fensterscheibe, insbesondere für schienenfahrzeuge |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2984707B1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2824223T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2014166869A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT517932B1 (de) * | 2015-10-16 | 2018-03-15 | Siemens Ag Oesterreich | Leitfähig beschichtete Fensterscheibe, insbesondere für Schienenfahrzeuge |
| US10355721B2 (en) | 2017-05-01 | 2019-07-16 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Multi-band radio frequency transparency window in conductive film |
| DE102018107559B4 (de) * | 2018-03-29 | 2021-03-04 | Schollglas Holding- und Geschäftsführungsgesellschaft mbH | Glasscheibe mit strukturierter leitfähiger Beschichtung |
| CN113631426B (zh) | 2019-03-29 | 2024-09-17 | 株式会社自动网络技术研究所 | 布线模块 |
| FR3094943B1 (fr) | 2019-04-11 | 2021-05-07 | Speedinnov | Voiture pour véhicule ferroviaire comportant au moins une fenêtre transparente à des ondes de télécommunication et au moins une fenêtre opaque aux ondes de télécommunication, et véhicule ferroviaire associé |
| CN110911844B (zh) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-03-30 | 电子科技大学 | 一种具有宽带透波窗口的吸透一体材料 |
| AT525042B1 (de) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-12-15 | Siemens Mobility Austria Gmbh | Passagierschienenfahrzeug |
| DE102021214650A1 (de) | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-22 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Wagenkasten für ein Fahrzeug zur Personenbeförderung |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19503892C1 (de) | 1995-02-07 | 1996-10-24 | Sekurit Saint Gobain Deutsch | Mit einer elektrischen Leitschicht versehene Autoglasscheibe |
| US6860081B2 (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2005-03-01 | The Ohio State University | Sidelobe controlled radio transmission region in metallic panel |
| US8077071B2 (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2011-12-13 | Military Wraps Research And Development, Inc. | Assemblies and systems for simultaneous multispectral adaptive camouflage, concealment, and deception |
| ES2466569T3 (es) | 2011-10-27 | 2014-06-10 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Cristal con transmisión de alta frecuencia |
-
2014
- 2014-04-07 WO PCT/EP2014/056931 patent/WO2014166869A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2014-04-07 ES ES14718024T patent/ES2824223T3/es active Active
- 2014-04-07 EP EP14718024.4A patent/EP2984707B1/de not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2014166869A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2824223T3 (es) | 2021-05-11 |
| EP2984707B1 (de) | 2020-08-05 |
| WO2014166869A1 (de) | 2014-10-16 |
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