EP2984386B1 - Systeme perfectionne de traitement et d'acheminement de gaz naturel comportant un circuit de chauffage de la cuve - Google Patents

Systeme perfectionne de traitement et d'acheminement de gaz naturel comportant un circuit de chauffage de la cuve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2984386B1
EP2984386B1 EP14720655.1A EP14720655A EP2984386B1 EP 2984386 B1 EP2984386 B1 EP 2984386B1 EP 14720655 A EP14720655 A EP 14720655A EP 2984386 B1 EP2984386 B1 EP 2984386B1
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Prior art keywords
tank
circuit
gas
natural gas
heating
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EP14720655.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2984386A1 (fr
Inventor
Pierre LE BRUCHEC
Anaïs DENIER-GUENEGOU
Loïc GUERNEC
Laurent Spittael
David BEAUVAIS
Jérôme HUCHET
Abdoulaye DIOUF
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F17C2227/0164—Compressors with specified compressor type, e.g. piston or impulsive type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/039—Localisation of heat exchange separate on the pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/03—Control means
    • F17C2250/036—Control means using alarms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/015—Facilitating maintenance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/031—Treating the boil-off by discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/07—Generating electrical power as side effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0136—Terminals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of ships comprising a liquefied natural gas storage tank.
  • the invention relates more particularly to an on-board system for the treatment and transport of natural gas for the supply of natural gas to power generation equipment, such as a heat engine, a fuel cell or a gas turbine, and the heating of a tank, in particular to allow its inspection.
  • power generation equipment such as a heat engine, a fuel cell or a gas turbine, and the heating of a tank, in particular to allow its inspection.
  • vessels having a liquefied natural gas storage tank and a system for treating and transporting gas from the tank to one or more power generation equipment, such as thermal engines, fuel cells or gas turbines and / or to one or more burners of a power plant.
  • power generation equipment such as thermal engines, fuel cells or gas turbines and / or to one or more burners of a power plant.
  • Such vessels are subject to particularly thorough control and maintenance operations.
  • liquefied natural gas storage tanks are regularly inspected.
  • the tanks are emptied and heated to reach appropriate temperatures to allow such inspections.
  • the document DE 4320759 discloses an installation for the emptying and degassing of liquefied gas storage tanks.
  • the installation comprises an external heater mounted under the tank and for heating the gas in the liquid phase to evaporate it.
  • An idea underlying the invention is to propose an improved system for treating and conveying natural gas that can supply, on the one hand, a power generation equipment selected from a heat engine, a battery combustion and a gas turbine and, secondly, a burner and which further allows efficient heating of the tank.
  • a power generation equipment selected from a heat engine, a battery combustion and a gas turbine and, secondly, a burner and which further allows efficient heating of the tank.
  • Such a system is particularly advantageous in that, on the one hand, it makes it possible to effectively heat the tank for storing liquefied natural gas while enhancing the natural gas discharged from the tank, and, on the other hand, it presents a optimized design to allow use of components, such as the compressor, to provide many of the system features.
  • the invention relates to a vessel comprising a liquefied gas storage tank, a power generation equipment selected from a heat engine, a fuel cell and a gas turbine, a production plant of energy equipped with a burner and a system for treating and transporting natural gas as mentioned above.
  • the power generation equipment is for propelling the ship.
  • the invention also relates to a method of filling the vessel of a vessel as mentioned above in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from a floating or land storage facility to the tank of the ship.
  • the invention also relates to a system comprising a ship as mentioned above, insulated pipes arranged to connect the tank installed in the hull of the ship to a floating or ground storage facility and a pump. to entrain a flow of fluid through the isolated pipes from the floating or ground storage facility to the vessel vessel.
  • upstream and downstream are defined with respect to the direction of flow of the natural gas.
  • the figure 7 represents a vessel 1 equipped with one or more liquefied natural gas storage tanks 2 and a powertrain comprising one or more power generation equipment 4, chosen from heat engines, combustion cells or turbines. gas, fueled by natural gas.
  • a vessel 1 may in particular be a LNG carrier for the transport of liquefied natural gas, but may also be intended for all other applications. For example, it may be a cargo ship, a passenger ship, a fishing vessel or others.
  • the figure 1 represents a tank 2 for storing natural gas and a system 3, aboard the ship 1, treatment and delivery of natural gas.
  • the system 3 for treating and conveying natural gas is suitable for supplying power generation equipment 4 of the powertrain, as shown in FIG. figure 2 , for feeding a burner 5, as shown in FIGS. figures 4 , 5 and 6 and, optionally, for supplying other power generating equipment, such as a heat engine, a fuel cell or a gas turbine engine 6, as shown in FIGS. figures 2 and 3 .
  • the tank 2 is a sealed and thermally insulating tank adapted for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG).
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the tank 2 may in particular be of the membrane type for storing liquefied natural gas at atmospheric pressure.
  • the power generation equipment 4 of the powertrain is selected from heat engines, fuel cells and gas turbines.
  • the power generation equipment 4 is a heat engine
  • the engine can be mixed diesel-natural gas feed.
  • Such engines 4 can operate either in diesel mode in which the engine is fully powered by diesel or in natural gas mode in which the engine fuel is mainly made of natural gas while a small amount of pilot diesel is injected to initiate combustion.
  • the output shaft associated with the mechanical energy generated by the power generation equipment 4 may be coupled to one or more propellers for the propulsion of the ship, or may be coupled to an alternator for transforming the mechanical energy. in electrical energy, the electrical energy being in this case used for powering an electric motor coupled to a propeller for the propulsion of the ship.
  • a heat engine it can in particular be a DFDE technology engine for "Dual Fuel Diesel Electric" in English.
  • the power generating equipment 6 for the generation of electricity may be a diesel-natural gas-fueled combustion engine, for example of the DFDE type, a combustion cell or a gas turbine.
  • the burner 5 is integrated in a power generation facility.
  • the energy production facility may include a boiler for steam production.
  • the steam may be for supplying steam turbines for power generation and / or for supplying a heating network of the ship 1.
  • the figure 2 illustrates two circuits respectively supplying the power generation equipment 4 of the powertrain and the power generation equipment 6 for the generation of electricity.
  • the circuit supplying power generation equipment 4 to the powertrain will subsequently be designated “main circuit” while the circuit supplying the power generation equipment 6 for power generation will be referred to as “circuit”.
  • secondary education “.
  • the main circuit can also be used to route natural gas to the secondary circuit. Such an arrangement makes it possible to ensure redundancy of the supply of the secondary circuit, so as to overcome any malfunctions.
  • the main circuit comprises a suction pipe 7a opening towards the bottom of the tank 2 and supplied by a pump 8a.
  • the suction pipe 7a conducts the liquefied natural gas to a three-way connection 23 for connecting the suction pipe 7a, on the one hand, to a pipe 24, equipped with a valve 123, connected to the inlet a forced evaporation plant 9a, also called an evaporator, and on the other hand to a pipe 25, equipped with a valve 223, connected to a sprayer 10a.
  • the forced evaporation plant 9a makes it possible to convert the liquefied natural gas into a gas stream.
  • the output of the forced evaporation plant 9a is connected via a conduit 26 to the sprayer 10a to drive the gas flow to said sprayer 10a.
  • the sprayer 10a is able to spray, in the gas stream, obtained at the outlet of the forced evaporation plant 9a, liquefied natural gas collected upstream of said forced evaporation plant 9a.
  • the sprayer 10a thus makes it possible to cool the gas stream so that the heavier hydrocarbons, that is to say those having the longest carbon chain and the highest evaporation temperatures condense.
  • the gas stream is typically cooled to below -100 ° C.
  • phase separator 11a At the outlet of the sprayer 10a, the gaseous stream loaded with suspended natural gas droplets is led to a phase separator 11a via the pipe 27.
  • This phase separator 11a sometimes called mist separator, or "mist separator” in the English language , allows to separate the liquid phase from the gas phase.
  • the liquid phase consists of a heavy fraction of natural gas comprising the heavier hydrocarbons, that is to say having the longest carbon chain.
  • the heavy fraction of the natural gas is returned in the form of condensates to the storage tank 2 via a condensate return line 12a.
  • the condensate return line 12a is equipped with a condensate recovery container 72a which is regularly purged when its condensate level reaches a threshold.
  • the gaseous phase consisting of the light fraction of the natural gas comprising the hydrocarbons having the shortest carbon chain, is itself conducted, via the pipe 28, to a gas heating apparatus 13 for heating the gas phase to a gas typical temperature of 30 ° C.
  • a gas heater 13 is typically a gas / liquid or gas / gas heat exchanger.
  • the gas heater 13 is here equipped with a recirculation loop 29.
  • the gas stream can be led to the power generation equipment 4 of the powertrain via the pipe 30.
  • the secondary circuit comprises a suction pipe 7b opening towards the bottom of the tank 2 and supplied by a pump 8b.
  • the suction pipe 7b makes it possible to bring the liquefied natural gas to a forced evaporation plant 9b and to two sprayers 10b and 31.
  • the suction pipe 7b is connected via a three-way connection 32, d firstly to a pipe 33, equipped with a valve 132, leading to a sprayer 31 and, secondly, to a pipe 34, equipped with a valve 232, and itself connected to a three-way connection 35 for connecting said pipe 34, on the one hand, to the sprayer 10b via the pipe 36, equipped with a valve 135 and, on the other hand, at the entrance of the forced evaporation plant 9b via the pipe 17, equipped with a valve 235.
  • the output of the forced evaporation plant 9b is connected by a series of lines 37, 38, 39 to the sprayers 10a, 31 for spraying liquefied natural gas so as to condense the heavier hydrocarbons.
  • the gas stream at the outlet of the sprayer 31 is led to the inlet of a phase separator 11b via a pipe 40.
  • the phase separator 11b makes it possible to separate the liquid phase from the gaseous phase and to return the condensates to the tank 2 via a condensate return line 12b.
  • the condensate return line 12b is equipped with a condensate recovery container 72b which is regularly purged when its condensate level reaches a threshold.
  • the gas phase consisting of the light fraction of the natural gas
  • the pipe 42 is provided with one or more multi-channel connections 43 leading to pipes equipped with valves 143, 243.
  • the gas flow is conducted through one of the two compressors 16a, 16b.
  • the compressors 16a, 16b are multi-stage compressors, for heating the gas stream and compressing it at pressures compatible with the specifications of the power generation equipment 6 supplied with natural gas, for example from the order of 5 to 6 bars absolute for the DFDE type heat engines.
  • the compressor 16a, 16b may be a volumetric compressor, a centrifugal compressor or any other type compatible with the input supply pressures of a heat engine, a fuel cell, or a gas turbine.
  • the system 3 is equipped with an anti-instability protection device or "anti-surge” to protect the compressor 16a, 16b against low input volume flow regimes.
  • an anti-instability protection device or "anti-surge” to protect the compressor 16a, 16b against low input volume flow regimes.
  • Such a device comprises, at the output of the compressor 16a, 16b, a recirculation loop 44 which makes it possible to return a portion of the compressed gas flow, upstream of said compressor 16.
  • the recirculation loop 44 is equipped with a valve 18a, 18b allowing to control the flow rate in the recirculation loop 44.
  • the recirculation loop 44 is connected to a pipe 14, whose arrangement will be described later.
  • the gas flow is led to a cooling apparatus 19 for controlling the temperature of the gas stream at a set temperature.
  • the outputs of said compressors 16a, 16b are connected to the inlet of the cooling apparatus 19 via three-way connections 45, 63.
  • the gas flow is led to the power generation equipment 6 of the electric generator via a pipe 46.
  • said pipe 46 is equipped with a three-way connection 47 whose two outgoing tracks are equipped with valves 147, 247 for selectively directing the gas flow to the power generation equipment 6 of the electric generator and / or to the power generation equipment 4 of the powertrain.
  • the main circuit for powering the power generation equipment 4 of the powertrain is not equipped with a compressor, unlike the secondary circuit because the circuit main and the pump 8a supplying the suction pipe 7a of the main circuit are able to provide pressures in accordance with the operating conditions of said power generation equipment 4.
  • the system 3 comprises a pipe 71 opening in the upper part of the tank 2.
  • a three-way connection 70 connects the pipe 71 opening in the upper part of the tank 2, the secondary circuit via a pipe 48 provided with a valve 170, and to a pipe 49, provided with a valve 270 and was part of a heating circuit whose function will be detailed later.
  • the three-way connection 70 and the valves 170, 270 form a switchable three-way connection device.
  • the pipe 48 is, moreover, connected via a three-way connection 50 to a pipe 14.
  • the three-way connection 50 connects the pipe 14 to a pipe 51 equipped with a valve 150 and forming part of the heating circuit and to the line 48 equipped with the valve 170.
  • the three-way connection 50 and the valves 150 and 170 also form a switchable connection member.
  • the pipe 14 is connected to the secondary circuit via a three-way connection 54 making it possible to connect the outlet of the sprayer 10b and the said pipe 14 to the inlet of the sprayer 31.
  • the gas evaporated in the tank 2 is thus incorporated in the outgoing gas flow of the forced evaporation plant 9b, before being led to the second sprayer 31, also having the function of controlling the temperature of the gas flow at the inlet of the phase separator 11b by spraying natural gas in the state liquefied in the gas stream.
  • the secondary supply circuit comprises, in its upstream portion, an evaporated natural gas supply path, collected in the tank 2, and a forced evaporation path of natural gas.
  • Such a gas supply path, evaporated in the tank, is particularly appropriate when the liquefied natural gas is stored at room temperature and results in a consequent natural evaporation.
  • the figures 4 and 5 illustrate the path for the natural gas supply of the burner 5.
  • the figure 4 illustrates the path of forced vaporization of natural gas while the figure 5 illustrates the path of the evaporated natural gas, collected in the tank 2. Note that in both cases, the circuit for the burner supply 5 bypasses the phase separator 11b so as to allow energy recovery of the heavy fraction of natural gas.
  • the burner supply circuit 5 comprises a common circuit portion with the secondary circuit.
  • This common circuit portion allows the forced vaporization of the liquefied natural gas and comprises the suction pipe 8b supplied by the pump 8b, the forced spray installation 9b and, optionally, the sprayer 10b.
  • the treatment and routing system 3 Downstream of the forced evaporation plant 9b, the treatment and routing system 3 comprises a three-way connection 55 connecting the outlet of the forced evaporation plant 9b to the series of ducts 38, 39, 40 equipped with a valve 155 and leading to the phase separator 11b, and a pipe 56, equipped with a valve 255 for short-circuiting said phase separator 11b, in order to valorize, in the burner 5, the heavy fraction of the natural gas.
  • the switchable connection member thus formed makes it possible to selectively convey the output of the forced vaporization installation 9b either to the phase separator 11b or to the burner 5.
  • Line 56 conducts the gas flow at the outlet of the forced vaporization system to a gas heater 57.
  • the gas heater 57 is, for example, a gas / liquid or gas heat exchanger. gas.
  • the gas heating apparatus 57 is here equipped with a recirculation loop 58.
  • the gas heating apparatus 57 makes it possible to heat the gas phase upstream of said burner 5 at a set temperature, typically of the order 30 ° C.
  • lines 68, 59 make it possible to lead the gas towards the burner 5.
  • the burner supply circuit 5 comprises another common circuit portion with the secondary circuit.
  • This common circuit portion allows the collection of natural gas, evaporated in the tank 2.
  • This common circuit portion comprises the pipe 71 opening in the upper part of the tank 2, the pipe 48 connected to the pipe 71 by the three-way connection 70 and the pipe 14 connected to the pipe 71 by the three-way connection 50.
  • the pipe 14 is, moreover, connected to a three-way connection 60 connecting the pipe 14 to the series of pipes 39, 40 leading to the separator of phases 11b and to valves 143, 243 and to a line 56, equipped with a valve 160, and for short-circuiting said phase separator 11b, in order to valorize, in the burner 5, the heavy fraction of the natural gas.
  • line 56 conducts the gas flow to the gas heater 57 and, at the outlet of the gas heater 57, lines 68, 59 allow the gas to be led to the burner 5.
  • the system 3 for treating and transporting natural gas is advantageously equipped with a control device for a variable representative of the methane index of the liquefied natural gas conveyed.
  • the methane number indicates the ability of the gas mixture to resist the unwanted knock phenomenon and is between 0 and 100.
  • the methane number depends on the composition of the natural gas.
  • the index of pure methane is 100. The index decreases when the proportion of heavier hydrocarbons such as propane and / or butane and / or pentane increases.
  • Such a control device for a variable representative of the methane index of the natural gas may include in particular one or more flow meters arranged downstream of one or both phase separators 11a, 11b, in the pipe 42 for example, to measure the gas flow rate of the light fraction of natural gas.
  • This flow rate is representative of the methane index of the liquefied natural gas conveyed. Indeed, in steady state, constant pumping rate, this flow will tend to decrease when the tank 2 is empty and the concentration of heavy hydrocarbons increases.
  • a temperature sensor for example in the pipe 48 for driving the evaporated gas, collected in the tank, to measure the temperature of the evaporated gas collected in the tank 2
  • the higher the temperature of the evaporated gas the more it has a significant proportion of heavy hydrocarbons, since we are approaching the end of the trip.
  • the control device also comprises a control unit able to receive and process the data collected by at least one of the sensors mentioned below.
  • the control unit compares the representative variable (s) with the methane index at a threshold. According to this comparison, the control unit is able to generate an alarm or to automatically switch from an operating mode in which the natural gas supplies power generation equipment 4, 6 of the powertrain and / or of the electric generator in a mode of operation in which the heavy fraction of the natural gas is upgraded and conducted to the burner 5 of the power generation plant.
  • the representative variable of the methane index corresponds to a methane index of less than an index of about 80
  • the control unit when the representative variable of the methane index corresponds to a methane index of less than an index of about 80, the control unit generates an alarm or automatically switches to the recovery mode of the heavy fraction of the natural gas.
  • control device is able to transmit a setpoint signal to a plurality of valves 155, 255, 160, 143, 243 fitted to the three-way connections 55 and 60 of FIG. so as to bifurcate the gas flow to the burner 5 by short-circuiting said phase separator 11b.
  • the power generation equipment is a diesel-fueled mixed-gas combustion engine
  • the heat engine 4 powertrain and / or that of the electric generator 6 switches to diesel mode in order to continue the propulsion of the ship and / or the generation of electricity.
  • the figure 6 illustrates the path of natural gas when implementing a method for heating the tank 2. This method is implemented when the tank 2 is almost empty, the remaining natural gas is then in gaseous form in the tank 2 .
  • the natural gas is collected at the bottom of the tank 2 by means of a pipe 52 opening at the bottom of the tank 2.
  • the pipe 52 opening into the lower part of the tank 2 is connected to a switchable three-way connection member 53 for selectively connecting said pipe 52, or to a pipe 51 of the upstream portion of the pipe. heating so as to allow collection of gaseous flow in the lower part of the tank 2, or to a circuit 61 of filling the tank 2 for conveying liquefied natural gas from a terrestrial tank to the tank 2.
  • the pipe 51 of the upstream portion of the heating circuit is connected, downstream, to a three-way connection 50.
  • the valves 170, 150 make it possible to selectively connect either the pipe 51 of the upstream portion of the heating circuit, or the pipe 48 for driving the evaporated gas, collected in the tank 2, to the pipe 14.
  • the upstream portion of the heating circuit can thus be connected to the input of the compressors 16a, 16b via the pipes 39, 40 and 42 so as to conduct the gas collected at the bottom of the tank to the compressors.
  • the temperature of the gas stream at the outlet of the compressors 16a, 16b, for carrying out the heating process of the tank 2 is, for example, of the order of 50 ° C.
  • the circuit portion comprising the pipes 14, 39, 40 and 42 and at least one of the compressors 16a, 16b is thus common to the secondary gas supply circuit of a power generation equipment 4, 6 and heating circuit. Therefore, the design of the system 3 for treating and routing gas is optimized and at least one of the compressors 16a, 16b ensures both the preparation of a gas flow for the supply of a production equipment. energy 4, 6 and the implementation of a method of heating the tank 2.
  • three-way connections 62, 63 connecting the output of the compressors 16a, 16b to the pipes 64, 65 equipped with valves 162, 163 and to pipes leading to the secondary supply circuit and equipped with Valves 262, 263.
  • Said lines 64, 65 are connected via three-way connections 66, 67 to the line 56 forming part of the burner supply circuit 6 leading to the gas heater 57.
  • the gas flow passes both through the compressors 16a, 16b and through the heater 57.
  • the gas flow present, for example, a temperature of the order of 80 ° C.
  • a pipe 68 leads to a three-way connection 69 which makes it possible to evacuate a part of the flow, in excess, to the burner 5 via the pipe 59 equipped with a valve 169 and return the other part of the gas stream to the tank 2 via a pipe 49 equipped with a valve 269 and forming a portion of back to the tank 2.
  • the pipe 56, the gas heating apparatus 57 and the pipe 68 define a circuit portion which is common to the heating circuit of the tank 2 and the burner gas supply circuit 5. From when the pipes 64, 65 form connection sections for connecting the output of the compressors 16, 16b to the circuit portion which is common to the heating circuit of the tank 2 and the gas supply circuit of the burner 5.
  • the pipe 49 forming a return section to the tank 2 is connected, by the three-way connection 70, to the pipe 71 opening in the upper part of the tank 2.
  • the pipe 71 opening in the upper part of the tank 2 can be used to collect the evaporated gas in the tank 2 when it is desired to supply a power generation equipment 4, 6 or the burner 5, natural gas, or inject hot gas when it is desired to heat the tank 2.
  • hot gas is injected in the upper part of the tank 2 while the gas is extracted in the lower part of the tank 2.
  • the hot gas by nature tend to position itself in the upper part of the tank 2, such an arrangement makes it possible to obtain a thermal stratification of the vessel 2 which increases the efficiency of the heating process of the vessel 2.
  • loading / unloading lines may be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a marine or port terminal to transfer a cargo of LNG to or from the tank 2.
  • the figure 7 represents an example of a marine terminal comprising a liquefied natural gas supply station 82, an underwater pipe 83 and an onshore installation 81.
  • the liquefied natural gas supply station 82 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising a movable arm 84 and a tower 85 which supports the movable arm 84.
  • the movable arm 84 carries insulated flexible pipes 80 which can connect to the loading pipes.
  • the movable arm 84 orientable fits all ship sizes.
  • a connection pipe (not shown) extends inside the tower 85.
  • the liquefied natural gas supply station 82 allows the tank 1 of the vessel 1 to be filled from the shore installation 81.
  • the underwater pipe 83 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the supply station in liquefied natural gas 82 and onshore installation 81.
  • pumps on board the ship 1 and / or pumps fitted to the shore installation 81 and / or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 82 are used.
  • the vessel has only one liquefied natural gas storage tank, it is also possible to connect the gas treatment and delivery system to a plurality of storage tanks.
  • the storage tanks are, in this case, each equipped with suction lines fed by pumps and pipes opening into the upper part and the lower part of the tank, connected to the circuits of the treatment system as described above.
  • connection member has been used above to describe the combination of a three-way connection with several valves equipping one or more incoming pipes or one or more outgoing pipes
  • this term extends to all the technical equivalents making it possible to connect two incoming pipes to an outgoing pipe or an incoming pipe to two outgoing pipes, and equipped with means making it possible, according to the circumstances, to make a selection in order to privilege either a flow coming from a of the two incoming pipes is a flow towards one of the two outgoing pipes or to distribute either an incoming flow to two outgoing flows or two incoming flows to an outgoing flow.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP14720655.1A 2013-04-11 2014-04-03 Systeme perfectionne de traitement et d'acheminement de gaz naturel comportant un circuit de chauffage de la cuve Active EP2984386B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1353258A FR3004514B1 (fr) 2013-04-11 2013-04-11 Systeme perfectionne de traitement et d'acheminement de gaz naturel comportant un circuit de chauffage de la cuve
PCT/FR2014/050805 WO2014167220A1 (fr) 2013-04-11 2014-04-03 Systeme perfectionne de traitement et d'acheminement de gaz naturel comportant un circuit de chauffage de la cuve

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2984386A1 EP2984386A1 (fr) 2016-02-17
EP2984386B1 true EP2984386B1 (fr) 2017-03-01

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EP (1) EP2984386B1 (ko)
KR (1) KR102195833B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN105229367B (ko)
ES (1) ES2623264T3 (ko)
FR (1) FR3004514B1 (ko)
MY (1) MY182223A (ko)
PL (1) PL2984386T3 (ko)
PT (1) PT2984386T (ko)
SG (1) SG11201508305WA (ko)
WO (1) WO2014167220A1 (ko)

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WO2016035740A1 (ja) 2014-09-04 2016-03-10 テルモ株式会社 カテーテル
SG11202001616SA (en) * 2017-08-31 2020-03-30 Japan Petroleum Exploration Co Ltd Transportation management system for railway transportation of lng tank containers and transportation management device
FR3071276B1 (fr) * 2017-09-20 2021-01-01 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Dispositif et procede d'alimentation en gaz a indice de methane optimise d'au moins un moteur thermique, en particulier d'un navire de transport de gaz liquefie

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FR2554212B1 (fr) * 1983-11-02 1989-01-06 Gallo Michel Procede pour la vidange de cuves ayant contenu du gaz liquefie issu du petrole et/ou de l'industrie chimique ou petrochimique, installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede et ses applications
DE4320759A1 (de) * 1993-02-27 1995-01-05 Gfd Ingenieur Und Beratungsges Verfahren und Anlage zur Rest-Entleerung und Entgasung von Kesselwagen und Tanks für den Transport bzw. für die Lagerung von Flüssiggas und zur Wiedergewinnung des Flüssiggases
FR2722760B1 (fr) * 1994-07-22 1996-08-23 Chantiers De Latlantique Installation de propulsion sur un navire de transport de gaz liquefie
ES2135694T3 (es) * 1994-12-30 1999-11-01 Jorn M Jonas Procedimiento para vaciar un deposito y una instalacion para utilizacion en tal vaciamiento.
GB0120661D0 (en) * 2001-08-24 2001-10-17 Cryostar France Sa Natural gas supply apparatus
FR2837783B1 (fr) * 2002-03-26 2004-05-28 Alstom Installation pour la fourniture de combustible gazeux a un ensemble de production energetique d'un navire de transport de gaz liquefie
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EP2072885A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-24 Cryostar SAS Natural gas supply method and apparatus.
KR20100061368A (ko) * 2008-11-27 2010-06-07 삼성중공업 주식회사 연료 가스 공급 시스템 및 이를 구비한 선박
DE102009028109A1 (de) * 2009-07-30 2011-02-03 Tge Marine Gas Engineering Gmbh Brenngas-System für Handelsschiffe
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Publication number Publication date
SG11201508305WA (en) 2015-11-27
ES2623264T3 (es) 2017-07-10
PT2984386T (pt) 2017-05-25
KR102195833B1 (ko) 2020-12-28
PL2984386T3 (pl) 2017-09-29
CN105229367A (zh) 2016-01-06
CN105229367B (zh) 2017-04-05
KR20150143583A (ko) 2015-12-23
MY182223A (en) 2021-01-18
FR3004514A1 (fr) 2014-10-17
FR3004514B1 (fr) 2015-04-03
WO2014167220A1 (fr) 2014-10-16
EP2984386A1 (fr) 2016-02-17

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