EP2976287B1 - Crane boom and crane - Google Patents
Crane boom and crane Download PDFInfo
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- EP2976287B1 EP2976287B1 EP14711449.0A EP14711449A EP2976287B1 EP 2976287 B1 EP2976287 B1 EP 2976287B1 EP 14711449 A EP14711449 A EP 14711449A EP 2976287 B1 EP2976287 B1 EP 2976287B1
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- Prior art keywords
- boom
- crane
- accordance
- cross
- transport
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/64—Jibs
- B66C23/68—Jibs foldable or otherwise adjustable in configuration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
- B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
- B66C23/344—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes adapted for transport purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C7/00—Runways, tracks or trackways for trolleys or cranes
- B66C7/02—Runways, tracks or trackways for trolleys or cranes for underhung trolleys or cranes
- B66C7/04—Trackway suspension
- B66C7/06—Trackway suspension on supports constructed for easy erection, e.g. transportable
Definitions
- the invention relates to a crane boom for a crane with a triangular boom section and a crane with such a boom.
- FIG. 1 a sketchy representation of a conventional boom section.
- This boom comprises the two lower chords B, C and the upper chord A. All straps are connected to each other on truss diagonals, the so-called gratings.
- the usual triangular cross-sections starting from the top flange A, are an isosceles triangle whose sections AB (triangle side 1) and AC (triangle side 2) have identical lengths.
- the top chord A is thus above half the distance BC (triangle side 3) between the bottom chords B and C.
- the bisector 4 intersects the distance BC in the middle.
- the angles ⁇ , ⁇ of the lower chords B, C are identical or nearly identical.
- the U-shape of the cantilever system has some disadvantages compared to the conventional triangular shape.
- the U-shape requires two upper straps, resulting in an increase in boom weight and an increase in manufacturing cost.
- open cross-sections are extremely torsionally soft. These can be used in rapid-erecting cranes only in those boom areas, which during crane operation or during crane installation only small torsional forces, eg. B. caused by wind exposed are. As a consequence threatens a limitation of the maximum allowable wind speeds during crane operation or during crane installation, which would run counter the versatility of such cranes.
- the DE 34 19 427 discloses a crane boom according to the preamble of claim 1.
- An alternative boom design as a telescopic boom is costly and generates extra weight, in particular by the overlapping in the telescopic boom arms parts. Furthermore, due to the overlap, the actually existing boom length can not be optimally utilized. In addition, special provisions must be made for telescopic jibs for the use of a trolley operation, since different telescopic shots, for example, require a lane change of the trolley.
- Object of the present invention is therefore to develop a generic crane such that it can be positioned more compact to each other in the transport height and / or in the transport width and also no appreciable impairment of the proven and torsionally rigid boom section must be taken into account.
- a modified cantilever cross-sectional shape whereby two cantilever parts are interleaved with each other to be positioned more compact to each other either in the transport height and / or in the transport width.
- the crane boom has two lower chords and a top chord, which are interconnected by means of gratings and form a triangular cross-sectional shape.
- the modified cantilever cross-sectional shape has, at least in sections, a triangular cross-sectional shape with an eccentrically extending upper flange.
- the triangular shape thus formed no longer corresponds to an isosceles triangle.
- the upper flange is not on the bisector of the The lower straps connect triangle side, but moves closer towards one of the two lower straps.
- the largest space savings in crane transport results when the crane boom at least partially has a right-angled or nearly rectangular triangular shape.
- At least those boom sections on the boom cross-sectional shape according to the invention which are to be positioned next to each other for transport or each other.
- At least two cantilever parts are interleaved or positioned next to one another in such a way that their longest triangular sides or, in the case of a right-angled triangle, their hypotenuses are placed against one another.
- the longest side of the triangle or the hypotenuse of the boom cross-section connects the upper flange to a lower flange of the crane jib.
- the remaining sides of the triangle connect the top flange to the remaining bottom flange and the two bottom straps to each other.
- a catheter of the triangular shape formed leads from the top chord to the remaining chord and the second chord connects the two bottom chords of the jib.
- the upper flange is approximately perpendicular above one of the lower chords of the triangular shape.
- connection of the upper belt on the hypotenuse can be done either with the first or second Untergurt.
- the crane boom comprises at least two boom pieces, which are removable for road transport or the storage of the boom.
- the at least two boom pieces can therefore be positioned interleaved with each other so that most favorable case, the transport dimensions only slightly larger than the dimension of a single boom part fails.
- Prescribed or desired transport heights or transport widths are easier to comply with and more cantilever parts can be accommodated in the same space. This applies equally to road transport, where in particular legal provisions have to be observed, as well as for container transport, where often the maximum maximum is limited.
- At least two boom sections are mounted pivotably relative to one another about a pivot axis, in particular a horizontal pivot axis.
- a pivot axis in particular a horizontal pivot axis.
- the at least two boom sections can be swiveled by nearly 180 ° relative to each other, whereby the boom sections for crane transport can be applied to one another or one above the other, in particular their longest triangular sides or hypotenuses can be placed against one another.
- the upper chords of the at least two boom sections extend laterally offset relative to one another during crane operation.
- the boom areas are constructed mirror-inverted, ie the longest sides of the triangle or hypotenuses of the boom sections connect different lower straps to the upper strap.
- these two boom sections with offset to each other boom upper belt against each other by 180 ° for transport are pivotable and can be applied to each other, so that the resulting cross-sectional shape and thus in particular increased height in nested boom sections during transport only insignificantly compared to the dimension of a single boom part.
- such an advantageous construction of the crane jib results in both boom areas being able to pivot against one another in such a way that the longest triangular sides or hypotenuses of the respective boom cross-sections lie against one another.
- the horizontally oriented pivot axis is arranged in the range between half the system height of the crane jib and the plane of the upper chord.
- the boom parts can only be positioned relative to one another by pivoting this axle for transport in the sense of the invention.
- the crane boom according to the invention is not reduced to such a modified boom cross-section.
- the boom is designed in addition to a section with the inventive shaping with at least one isosceles triangular cross-sectional shape forming boom area.
- the transition between different boom sections with different boom sections may require the integration of one or more transition pieces.
- the solution according to the invention makes it possible in a simple way to integrate a cat operation on the boom. For this purpose, it may be advantageous if the two lower chords form a Katzfahrbahn.
- the invention further relates to a crane, in particular a rapid-erecting crane or a top-slewing crane, with a crane boom according to the present invention or an advantageous embodiment of the invention.
- a crane in particular a rapid-erecting crane or a top-slewing crane, with a crane boom according to the present invention or an advantageous embodiment of the invention.
- the crane according to the invention the same advantages and properties as for the crane boom according to the invention, which is why at this point a repetitive description is omitted.
- FIG. 2 shows the opposite a sketched cross-sectional view of the crane boom according to the invention, which is characterized by a modified triangular cross-section.
- the invention is based on the proven and torsionally rigid boom structure with triangular cross-section. Analogous to the prior art, this cantilever shape has two lower chords B, C and a top chord A, wherein all straps are interconnected by means of truss diagonals, the so-called grating.
- the modified cantilever cross-section does not form an isosceles triangle, but a right-angled or approximately right-angled triangle with the straps A, B and C as corners.
- a first catheter as a distance AC (triangle side 20) runs from the upper belt A to lower belt C, while the second catheter runs as a distance BC (triangle side 30) from the lower belt B to the lower belt C.
- the distance AB (triangle side 10) then forms a hypotenuse from the upper belt A to the second lower belt B.
- the upper belt A is therefore located approximately vertically above the lower belt C.
- the right angle is located at the lower belt C.
- the cantilever shape according to the invention is of course not on the illustration according to FIG. 2 limited.
- the structure of the cantilever may as well be mirrored so that the hypotenuse is formed by the distance AC.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show a crane boom, which consists of at least two separate boom parts 5, 6, 50, 60, which are dismantled for crane transport and positioned side by side on a means of transport, not shown.
- FIG. 3 corresponds to a known from the prior art crane boom with the usual triangular cross-section.
- the illustration shows a cross section through the longitudinal axis of the adjacently positioned boom parts 5, 6.
- a first boom part 5 is placed with its lower straps B, C on the transport surface of the transport, whereas the second boom part 6 rotated about its longitudinal axis with the upper flange A 'on the transport surface is stored.
- increases the transport width Br at least by more than half the system width of the boom pieces 5, 6.
- FIG. 4 shows the advantages of the cross-sectional area according to the invention of the boom according to the invention.
- the boom or individual lattice pieces of the boom have in crane operation the same height and width as the boom according to FIG. 3 on. Due to the rectangular triangular cross-sectional area, however, the two cantilever parts 50, 60 with their hypotenuses (distances AC and A'-C ') can be placed against each other, so that neither the transport height H nor the transport width Br are significantly greater than the geometric dimensions of a single cantilever piece 50, 60 enlarged. As a result, the prescribed or desired transport heights or transport widths can be more easily met or more jib parts can be accommodated in the same space. This applies equally for road transport, which is bound by legal regulations, as well as for container transport, for which maximum maximum dimensions are often valid.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 refer, each sketched cross-sectional views by two folded jib parts of a crane boom for a fast-erecting crane.
- the crane boom or at least two crane arm parts can be pivoted about a horizontally extending pivot axis 100 against each other for transport from and to the point of use, so that they are folded together during crane transport to reduce the entire crane length.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a conventional crane jib whose cross-section has an isosceles triangle.
- the crane jib tip 7 is thereby folded over the pivot axis 100 by 180 ° upwards and backwards relative to the remaining stationary crane jib part 8, so that the two crane jib parts 7, 8 lie on one another.
- the two upper straps A, A 'of the crane arm parts 7, 8 run parallel and lie against each other.
- the transport height H of the resulting collapsed crane boom at least by the system height of the individual crane arm part 7, 8 doubled.
- the cantilever tip 70 is folded around a horizontally extending pivot axis 100 by 180 ° upwards or rearwards.
- the hypotenuses (Distances AB, A'-C ') of the boom cross sections of both boom parts 70, 80 are adjacent to each other, similar to the representation according to FIG. 4 ,
- both boom parts 70, 80 to be nested for transport are connected in the operating position to staggered boom upper belts A, A '.
- Both cantilever segments 70, 80 are constructed mirror-inverted, i. the hypotenuse is formed at the cantilever tip 70 by the distance A'-C ', whereas at the cantilever portion 80 the distance A-B represents the hypotenuse.
- FIGS. 7a, 7b or 8a, 8b The horizontal offset of the upper belts A, A 'during crane operation is in the FIGS. 7a, 7b or 8a, 8b clarified.
- Figure 7a shows the crane boom according to the invention in a perspective side view during the operating position and
- FIG. 7b a perspective side view of the boom shown in transport position.
- the Figures 8a, 8b show the FIGS. 7a, 7b associated cross-sectional representations of the crane jib in the region of the pivot axis 100.
- the arrangement of the horizontal pivot axis 100 can be arranged depending on the desired height reduction between half the system height of the boom 80 and the plane of the upper flange A. As a result, the boom parts 70, 80 can be positioned with reduced height relative to each other only by pivoting about the axis 100 for transport in the sense of the invention.
- FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 show an alternative embodiment of the crane boom according to the invention. Unlike in the embodiment of the invention according to the Figures 2 . 4 and 6 to 8 is chosen not a right triangular shape, but an intermediate shape between an isosceles and right-angled or almost right-angled triangle selected.
- the angle ratio of the angles ⁇ and ⁇ in the lower chords is adjusted so that the upper chord A is off-center, that is not on the side bisector of the triangle side BC.
- the angles are chosen according to the following rule ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 ° ,
- the angle ⁇ relative to the angle ⁇ can be made larger.
- FIG. 11 show the alternative boom embodiment according to FIG. 9 during the road transport analogous to FIG. 4 and in the folded state analogous to FIG. 6 .
- This alternative embodiment results in a less than optimal space utilization, in particular with respect to the resulting height dimension, during the transport state, but this cross-sectional shape may be sufficient for many applications, since nevertheless a satisfactory gain in space over the solution known from the prior art is possible.
- the proposed solution may have constructive advantages in terms of boom statics over the right triangular shape.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kranausleger für einen Kran mit einem dreieckförmigen Auslegerquerschnitt sowie einen Kran mit einem derartigen Ausleger.The invention relates to a crane boom for a crane with a triangular boom section and a crane with such a boom.
Die Erfindung geht von bewährten und torsionssteifen Auslegern mit Dreiecksquerschnitt aus. Zur Verdeutlichung zeigt die
Bei den üblichen Dreiecksquerschnitten handelt es sich ausgehend vom Obergurt A um ein gleichschenkliges Dreieck, dessen Strecken A-B (Dreieckseite 1) und A-C (Dreieckseite 2) identische Längen aufweisen. Der Obergurt A befindet sich also oberhalb der halben Strecke B-C (Dreieckseite 3) zwischen den Untergurten B und C. Die Winkelhalbierende 4 schneidet die Strecke B-C mittig. Zudem sind die Winkel α, β der Untergurte B, C identisch bzw. nahezu identisch.The usual triangular cross-sections, starting from the top flange A, are an isosceles triangle whose sections AB (triangle side 1) and AC (triangle side 2) have identical lengths. The top chord A is thus above half the distance BC (triangle side 3) between the bottom chords B and C. The
Für den Transport vom und zum Einsatzort ist es bei derartigen Kranen wünschenswert, deren geometrische Abmessung speziell für den Straßentransport soweit wie möglich zu reduzieren, um beispielsweise den Vorgaben der Straßenverkehrsordnung zu entsprechen bzw. die anfallenden Transportkosten zu reduzieren. Im Stand der Technik finden sich hierzu unterschiedliche Lösungsvarianten. So wird beispielsweise der gesamte Auslegerquerschnitt soweit reduziert, bis die geometrische Abmessung die Vorgaben des Straßentransports erfüllt. Diese Vorgehensweise kann jedoch zu statisch ungünstig kleinen und dadurch schweren und elastischen Auslegerquerschnitten führen.For transport from and to the place of use, it is desirable in cranes of this type to reduce their geometric dimensions as much as possible, especially for road transport, in order, for example, to comply with the requirements of the Highway Code or to reduce the transport costs incurred. In the prior art, this can be found different solution variants. For example, the entire boom cross section is reduced until the geometric dimension meets the requirements of road transport. However, this procedure can lead to statically unfavorably small and thus heavy and elastic boom cross-sections.
Aus der
Weiter ist es bekannt, bei einem Schnellmontagekran zueinander zu platzierende Auslegerteile zumindest teilweise als sogenanntes "offenes U" auszubilden. Der als "offenes U" ausgebildete Auslegerteil nimmt den angeklappten Auslegerbereich in dem gebildeten Innenraum der "U-Form" auf, wodurch die gesamte Transporthöhe reduzierbar ist.It is also known, at least partially form a so-called "open U" in a quick-erecting crane to be placed boom parts. The "open U" trained boom part takes the folded boom area in the formed interior of the "U-shape", whereby the entire transport height is reduced.
Die U-Form des Auslegersystems bringt jedoch gegenüber der herkömmlichen Dreiecksform einige Nachteile mit sich. Insbesondere macht die U-Form zwei Obergurte erforderlich, was zu einer Zunahme des Auslegergewichts und einer Erhöhung der Herstellungskosten führt. Darüber hinaus sind offene Querschnitte äußerst torsionsweich. Diese lassen sich bei Schnellmontagekranen nur in jenen Auslegerbereichen einsetzen, die während des Kranbetriebs bzw. während der Kranmontage nur geringen Torsionskräften, z. B. hervorgerufen durch Wind, ausgesetzt sind. Als Konsequenz droht eine Begrenzung der maximal zulässigen Windgeschwindigkeiten während des Kranbetriebs bzw. während der Kranmontage, was der Einsatzflexibilität derartiger Krane zuwider laufen würde.However, the U-shape of the cantilever system has some disadvantages compared to the conventional triangular shape. In particular, the U-shape requires two upper straps, resulting in an increase in boom weight and an increase in manufacturing cost. In addition, open cross-sections are extremely torsionally soft. These can be used in rapid-erecting cranes only in those boom areas, which during crane operation or during crane installation only small torsional forces, eg. B. caused by wind exposed are. As a consequence threatens a limitation of the maximum allowable wind speeds during crane operation or during crane installation, which would run counter the versatility of such cranes.
Die
Eine alternative Auslegerausführung als Teleskopausleger ist kostenintensiv und generiert ein Mehrgewicht, insbesondere durch die sich in der Teleskopverbindung überlappenden Auslegerteile. Ferner kann aufgrund der Überlappung die eigentlich vorhandene Auslegerlänge nicht optimal ausgenutzt werden. Zusätzlich müssen bei Teleskopauslegern besondere Vorkehrungen für den Einsatz eines Laufkatzenbetriebs getroffen werden, da unterschiedliche Teleskopschüsse beispielsweise einen Spurwechsel der Laufkatze erfordern.An alternative boom design as a telescopic boom is costly and generates extra weight, in particular by the overlapping in the telescopic boom arms parts. Furthermore, due to the overlap, the actually existing boom length can not be optimally utilized. In addition, special provisions must be made for telescopic jibs for the use of a trolley operation, since different telescopic shots, for example, require a lane change of the trolley.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, einen gattungsgemäßen Kran derart weiterzubilden, so dass dieser in der Transporthöhe und/oder in der Transportbreite kompakter zueinander positioniert werden kann und zudem keine spürbare Beeinträchtigung des bewährten und torsionssteifen Auslegerquerschnitts in Kauf genommen werden muss.Object of the present invention is therefore to develop a generic crane such that it can be positioned more compact to each other in the transport height and / or in the transport width and also no appreciable impairment of the proven and torsionally rigid boom section must be taken into account.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Kranausleger gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Kranauslegers sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved by a crane boom according to the features of
Gemäß Anspruch 1 wird eine modifizierte Auslegerquerschnittform vorgeschlagen, wodurch zwei Auslegerteile miteinander verschachtelbar sind, um entweder in der Transporthöhe und/oder in der Transportbreite kompakter zueinander positioniert zu werden. Der Kranausleger weist zwei Untergurte sowie einen Obergurt auf, die untereinander mittels Vergitterung verbunden sind und eine dreieckförmige Querschnittsform bilden. Die modifizierte Auslegerquerschnittsform weist zumindest abschnittsweise eine Dreiecksquerschnittsform mit einem aussermittig verlaufenden Obergurt auf. Die gebildete Dreiecksform entspricht folglich nicht mehr einem gleichschenkligen Dreieck. Der Obergurt liegt nicht auf der Seitenhalbierenden der die Untergurte verbinden Dreieckseite, sondern rückt näher in Richtung eines der beiden Untergurte.According to
Die größte Platzersparnis beim Krantransport ergibt sich dann, wenn der Kranausleger zumindest abschnittsweise eine rechtwinklige bzw. nahezu rechteckwinklige Dreiecksform aufweist.The largest space savings in crane transport results when the crane boom at least partially has a right-angled or nearly rectangular triangular shape.
Mit dieser modifizierten Querschnittsform können zwei Auslegerteile so miteinander verschachtelt werden, dass günstigsten Falls die Transportabmessungen, insbesondere bezüglich der Höhe und/oder Breite des Auslegers, nur unwesentlich größer ausfallen, als wenn nur ein Auslegerteil transportiert werden würde. Hierdurch lassen sich die vorgeschriebenen bzw. gewünschten Transporthöhen und/oder Transportbreiten leichter einhalten bzw. es können mehr Auslegerteile auf gleichem Raum untergebracht werden.With this modified cross-sectional shape two cantilever parts can be nested together so that most favorable If the transport dimensions, in particular with respect to the height and / or width of the boom, only slightly larger than if only one boom part would be transported. As a result, the prescribed or desired transport heights and / or transport widths can be maintained more easily or more jib parts can be accommodated in the same space.
Idealerweise weisen zumindest diejenigen Auslegerbereiche die erfindungsgemäße Auslegerquerschnittsform auf, die zum Transport nebeneinander bzw. aufeinander positioniert werden sollen.Ideally, at least those boom sections on the boom cross-sectional shape according to the invention, which are to be positioned next to each other for transport or each other.
Insbesondere werden wenigstens zwei Auslegerteile derart miteinander verschachtelt bzw. nebeneinander positioniert, so dass deren längste Dreieckseiten bzw. im Falle eines rechtwinkligen Dreiecks deren Hypotenusen aneinander gelegt werden.In particular, at least two cantilever parts are interleaved or positioned next to one another in such a way that their longest triangular sides or, in the case of a right-angled triangle, their hypotenuses are placed against one another.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung verbindet die längste Dreieckseite bzw. die Hypotenuse des Auslegerquerschnitts den Obergurt mit einem Untergurt des Kranauslegers. Folglich verbinden die verbleibenden Dreieckseiten den Obergurt mit dem verbleibenden Untergurt sowie die beiden Untergurte zueinander. Insbesondere führt eine Kathete der gebildeten Dreiecksform vom Obergurt zu dem verbleibenden Untergurt und die zweite Kathete verbindet die beiden Untergurte des Auslegers. In dieser vorteilhaften Konstruktion befindet sich der Obergurt in etwa senkrecht oberhalb eines der Untergurte der Dreiecksform.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the longest side of the triangle or the hypotenuse of the boom cross-section connects the upper flange to a lower flange of the crane jib. As a result, the remaining sides of the triangle connect the top flange to the remaining bottom flange and the two bottom straps to each other. In particular, a catheter of the triangular shape formed leads from the top chord to the remaining chord and the second chord connects the two bottom chords of the jib. In this advantageous construction, the upper flange is approximately perpendicular above one of the lower chords of the triangular shape.
Die Verbindung des Obergurtes über die Hypotenuse kann wahlweise mit dem ersten oder zweiten Untergurt erfolgen.The connection of the upper belt on the hypotenuse can be done either with the first or second Untergurt.
Gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform umfasst der Kranausleger mindestens zwei Auslegerstücke, die für den Straßentransport bzw. die Lagerung des Auslegers demontierbar sind. Die wenigstens zwei Auslegerstücke können daher so miteinander verschachtelt positioniert werden, so dass günstigsten Falls die Transportabmessungen nur unwesentlich größer gegenüber der Abmessung eines einzelnen Auslegerteils ausfällt. Vorgeschriebene bzw. erwünschte Transporthöhen bzw. Transportbreiten lassen sich leichter einhalten und es können mehr Auslegerteile auf gleichem Raum untergebracht werden. Dies gilt gleichermaßen für den Straßentransport, wo insbesondere gesetzliche Bestimmungen zu beachten sind, wie auch für den Containertransport, bei dem oftmals das maximale Höchstmaß limitiert ist.According to a first embodiment, the crane boom comprises at least two boom pieces, which are removable for road transport or the storage of the boom. The at least two boom pieces can therefore be positioned interleaved with each other so that most favorable case, the transport dimensions only slightly larger than the dimension of a single boom part fails. Prescribed or desired transport heights or transport widths are easier to comply with and more cantilever parts can be accommodated in the same space. This applies equally to road transport, where in particular legal provisions have to be observed, as well as for container transport, where often the maximum maximum is limited.
Als sinnvolle weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, dass wenigstens zwei Auslegerbereiche um eine Schwenkachse, insbesondere eine horizontale Schwenkachse, zueinander verschwenkbar gelagert sind. Hierdurch lassen sich beide Auslegerbereiche zueinander verschwenken bzw. aneinander klappen, um die resultierende Transportabmessung des Krans während des Straßentransports minimieren zu können.As a useful further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that at least two boom sections are mounted pivotably relative to one another about a pivot axis, in particular a horizontal pivot axis. As a result, both boom areas can be pivoted relative to each other or folded together to minimize the resulting transport dimension of the crane during road transport can.
Bestenfalls lassen sich die wenigstens zwei Auslegerbereiche um nahezu 180° zueinander verschwenken, wodurch die Auslegerbereiche für den Krantransport seitlich aneinander bzw. übereinander anlegbar sind, insbesondere deren längste Dreieckseiten bzw. Hypotenusen aneinander anlegbar sind.At best, the at least two boom sections can be swiveled by nearly 180 ° relative to each other, whereby the boom sections for crane transport can be applied to one another or one above the other, in particular their longest triangular sides or hypotenuses can be placed against one another.
Idealerweise verlaufen die Obergurte der wenigstens zwei Auslegerbereiche während des Kranbetriebs seitlich zueinander versetzt. Besonders bevorzugt sind die Auslegerbereiche spiegelverkehrt konstruiert, d.h. die längsten Dreieckseiten bzw. Hypotenusen der Auslegerbereiche verbinden unterschiedliche Untergurte mit dem Obergurt. Hierdurch ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, dass diese beiden Auslegerbereiche mit zueinander versetztem Auslegerobergurt gegeneinander um 180° für den Transport verschwenkbar sind und derart aneinander anlegbar sind, so dass sich die resultierende Querschnittsform und damit insbesondere die Höhe in verschachtelten Auslegerabschnitten während des Transports nur unwesentlich gegenüber der Abmessung eines einzelnen Auslegerteils erhöht. Insbesondere führt ein derart vorteilhafter Aufbau des Kranauslegers dazu, dass sich beide Auslegerbereiche derart aneinander verschwenken lassen, so dass die längsten Dreieckseiten bzw. Hypotenusen der jeweiligen Auslegerquerschnitte aneinander liegen.Ideally, the upper chords of the at least two boom sections extend laterally offset relative to one another during crane operation. Particularly preferably, the boom areas are constructed mirror-inverted, ie the longest sides of the triangle or hypotenuses of the boom sections connect different lower straps to the upper strap. This results in the possibility that these two boom sections with offset to each other boom upper belt against each other by 180 ° for transport are pivotable and can be applied to each other, so that the resulting cross-sectional shape and thus in particular increased height in nested boom sections during transport only insignificantly compared to the dimension of a single boom part. In particular, such an advantageous construction of the crane jib results in both boom areas being able to pivot against one another in such a way that the longest triangular sides or hypotenuses of the respective boom cross-sections lie against one another.
Je nach gewünschter Höhenreduzierung ist die horizontal orientierte Schwenkachse im Bereich zwischen halber Systemhöhe des Kranauslegers und der Ebene des Obergurtes angeordnet. Dadurch lassen sich die Auslegerteile nur durch das Verschwenken dieser Achse für den Transport im Sinne der Erfindung zueinander positionieren.Depending on the desired height reduction, the horizontally oriented pivot axis is arranged in the range between half the system height of the crane jib and the plane of the upper chord. As a result, the boom parts can only be positioned relative to one another by pivoting this axle for transport in the sense of the invention.
Der erfindungsgemäße Kranausleger ist selbstverständlich nicht auf einen derartig modifizierten Auslegerquerschnitt reduziert. Es besteht beispielsweise eine Kombinationsmöglichkeit unterschiedlichster Auslegerquerschnitte mit der erfindungsgemäßen Auslegerform. Gemäß Anspruch 1 ist der Ausleger zusätzlich zu einem Abschnitt mit der erfindungsgemäßen Formgebung mit wenigstens einem eine gleichschenklige Dreiecksquerschnittform bildenden Auslegerbereich ausgeführt.Of course, the crane boom according to the invention is not reduced to such a modified boom cross-section. For example, there is a possibility of combining a wide variety of boom sections with the boom shape according to the invention. According to
Der Übergang zwischen unterschiedlichen Auslegerabschnitten mit unterschiedlichen Auslegerquerschnitten macht unter Umständen die Integration einer oder mehrerer Übergangsstücke notwendig.The transition between different boom sections with different boom sections may require the integration of one or more transition pieces.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ermöglicht auf einfache Art und Weise die Integration eines Katzbetriebs am Ausleger. Hierzu kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn die beiden Untergurte eine Katzfahrbahn ausbilden.The solution according to the invention makes it possible in a simple way to integrate a cat operation on the boom. For this purpose, it may be advantageous if the two lower chords form a Katzfahrbahn.
Die Erfindung betrifft des weiteren einen Kran, insbesondere einen Schnellmontagekran bzw. einen Obendreherkran, mit einem Kranausleger gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung bzw. einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung. Offensichtlich gelten für den erfindungsgemäßen Kran dieselben Vorteile und Eigenschaften wie für den erfindungsgemäßen Kranausleger, weshalb an dieser Stelle auf eine wiederholende Beschreibung verzichtet wird.The invention further relates to a crane, in particular a rapid-erecting crane or a top-slewing crane, with a crane boom according to the present invention or an advantageous embodiment of the invention. Obviously apply to the crane according to the invention the same advantages and properties as for the crane boom according to the invention, which is why at this point a repetitive description is omitted.
Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den in den Zeichnungen näher dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1:
- eine Skizze des aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Dreiecksquerschnitts eines Kranauslegers,
- Figur 2:
- eine Skizze des erfindungsgemäßen Dreiecksquerschnitts für einen Kranausleger,
- Figur 3:
- eine skizzierte Darstellung von zwei aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Auslegerteilen während des Krantransports,
- Figur 4:
- eine skizzierte Darstellung von zwei erfindungsgemäßen Kranauslegerteilen während des Krantransports,
- Figur 5:
- eine skizzenhafte Darstellung des zusammengeklappten Kranauslegers eines Schnellmontagekrans gemäß dem Stand der Technik,
- Figur 6:
- eine skizzenhafte Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen zusammengeklappten Kranauslegers eines Schnellmontagekrans,
- Figur 7:
- perspektivische Detailaufnahmen des erfindungsgemäßen Kranauslegers für einen Schnellmontagekran,
- Figur 8:
- detaillierte Querschnittsdarstellungen des erfindungsgemäßen Kranauslegers aus
Figur 7 für einen Schnellmontagekran, - Figur 9:
- eine Skizze des erfindungsgemäßen Dreiecksquerschnitts für einen Kranausleger gemäß einer alternativen Ausführungsform,
- Figur 10:
- eine skizzierte Darstellung von zwei erfindungsgemäßen Kranauslegerteilen gemäß
Figur 9 während des Krantransports und - Figur 11:
- eine skizzenhafte Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen zusammengeklappten Kranauslegers eines Schnellmontagekrans gemäß einer alternativen Ausführungsform umfassend Kranauslegerteile nach
Figur 9 .
- FIG. 1:
- a sketch of the known from the prior art triangular cross-section of a crane jib,
- FIG. 2:
- a sketch of the triangular cross section according to the invention for a crane boom,
- FIG. 3:
- a sketch of two known from the prior art boom parts during crane transport,
- FIG. 4:
- a sketch of two crane boom parts according to the invention during crane transport,
- FIG. 5:
- a sketch of the folded crane boom of a fast-erecting crane according to the prior art,
- FIG. 6:
- a sketchy representation of the collapsed crane boom of a quick-erecting crane according to the invention,
- FIG. 7:
- Perspective detail shots of the crane boom according to the invention for a fast-erecting crane,
- FIG. 8:
- detailed cross-sectional views of the crane boom according to the invention
FIG. 7 for a fast-erecting crane, - FIG. 9:
- a sketch of the triangular cross-section according to the invention for a crane boom according to an alternative embodiment,
- FIG. 10:
- an outlined representation of two crane boom parts according to the invention
FIG. 9 during crane transport and - FIG. 11:
- a sketchy representation of a collapsed crane boom according to the invention of a fast-erecting crane according to an alternative embodiment comprising crane boom parts
FIG. 9 ,
Auf
Die Erfindung geht von der Bewährten und torsionssteifen Auslegerstruktur mit Dreiecksquerschnitt aus. Analog zum Stand der Technik besitzt diese Auslegerform zwei Untergurte B, C und einen Obergurt A, wobei alle Gurte untereinander mittels Fachwerksdiagonalen, der sogenannten Vergitterung, miteinander verbunden sind.The invention is based on the proven and torsionally rigid boom structure with triangular cross-section. Analogous to the prior art, this cantilever shape has two lower chords B, C and a top chord A, wherein all straps are interconnected by means of truss diagonals, the so-called grating.
Anders als die Ausführung der
Die erfindungsgemäße Auslegerform ist selbstverständlich nicht auf die Darstellung gemäß
Mit dieser Querschnittsform können zwei Auslegerteile so miteinander verschachtelt werden, dass günstigstenfalls die Transportabmessung bezüglich ihrer Höhe bzw. Breite nur unwesentlich größer ausfällt, als wenn nur ein Auslegerteil transportiert wird. Zur Verdeutlichung dieses Vorteils wird auf die Figurendarstellung der
Ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel ist den
Demgegenüber kann durch den modifizierten Auslegerquerschnitt bei einem Schnellmontagekran gemäß
Analog zu
Um den bestmöglichen Raumgewinn für den Transport zu erzielen, sind die beiden zum Transport zu verschachtelnden Auslegerteile 70, 80 in der Betriebsstellung mit zueinander versetzten Auslegerobergurten A, A' verbunden. Beide Auslegersegmente 70, 80 sind hierzu spiegelverkehrt aufgebaut, d.h. die Hypotenuse wird bei der Auslegerspitze 70 durch die Strecke A'-C' gebildet, wohingegen beim Auslegerteil 80 die Strecke A-B die Hypotenuse darstellt.In order to achieve the best possible gain in space for transport, the two
Der horizontale Versatz der Obergurte A, A' während des Kranbetriebs ist in den
Die Anordnung der horizontalen Schwenkachse 100 kann je nach gewünschter Höhenreduzierung zwischen der halben Systemhöhe des Auslegers 80 und der Ebene des Obergurtes A angeordnet sein. Dadurch lassen sich die Auslegerteile 70, 80 nur durch das Verschwenken um die Achse 100 für den Transport im Sinne der Erfindung zueinander höhenreduziert positionieren.The arrangement of the
Die
Je größer die Winkeldifferenz zwischen den Winkeln a und β gewählt wird, desto größer ist die Platzeinsparung während des Krantransports bzw. bei der Demontage eines Schnellmontagekrans. Alternativ kann auch der Winkel α gegenüber dem Winkel β größer dimensioniert werden.The greater the angular difference between the angles a and β is chosen, the greater the space saving during crane transport or when dismantling a fast-erecting crane. Alternatively, the angle α relative to the angle β can be made larger.
Die
Claims (11)
- A crane boom for a crane comprising an upper web (A) and two lower webs (B, C) which are connected to one another by means of a lattice and form a triangular boom cross-section, wherein the boom cross-section comprises a triangular cross-sectional shape at least sectionally with an upper web extending off-center, characterized in that the boom comprises at least one boom region having a boom cross-section forming an isosceles triangle, with boom sections having different boom cross-sections optionally being connected to one another by means of a transition piece.
- A crane boom in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the triangular cross-section is at least sectionally right-angled or almost right-angled.
- A crane boom in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longest triangle side of the boom cross-section, in particular the hypotenuse, connects the upper web to a lower web of the crane boom.
- A crane boom in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the boom comprises two or more boom pieces which can be dismantled for road transport.
- A crane boom in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two boom regions are supported pivotably with respect to one another about a pivot axis (100), in particular a horizontal pivot axis.
- A crane boom in accordance with claim 5, characterized in that the at least two boom regions are pivotable by 180° with respect to one another, whereby the boom regions, in particular their longest triangle side or hypotenuses, can be placed laterally next to one another for crane transport.
- A crane boom in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper webs of the at least two boom regions extend laterally offset from one another.
- A crane boom in accordance with one of the claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the pivot axis is arranged in a region between half the system height of the boom and the plane of the upper web.
- A crane boom in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the triangular cross-section has an intermediate shape between an isosceles triangle and a right-angled triangle at least sectionally, with one of the following two relationships applying to the angles α and β between the connection line of the two lower webs and the connection lines between lower webs und the upper web:
- A crane boom in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower webs form a trolley track.
- A crane, in particular a fast-erection crane or top-slewing crane, having a crane boom in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 10.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013005052.9A DE102013005052A1 (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2013-03-22 | Crane boom and crane |
PCT/EP2014/000751 WO2014146791A1 (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2014-03-19 | Crane boom and crane |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2976287A1 EP2976287A1 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
EP2976287B1 true EP2976287B1 (en) | 2019-03-06 |
Family
ID=50342277
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14711449.0A Active EP2976287B1 (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2014-03-19 | Crane boom and crane |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20160068375A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2976287B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105143090B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102013005052A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014146791A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2042335A1 (en) | 1970-08-26 | 1972-03-02 | Reich Fa Wilhelm | Tower crane with attachable jib tip |
US4253579A (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1981-03-03 | Bucyrus-Erie Company | Modular boom construction |
DE3303524A1 (en) * | 1983-02-03 | 1984-08-09 | Wilhelm 5020 Frechen König | Revolving tower crane |
IT1164241B (en) * | 1983-05-25 | 1987-04-08 | Luigi Cattaneo Spa | AUTOMATIC LIFTING CRANE |
DE9321390U1 (en) * | 1993-05-12 | 1997-09-11 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach GmbH, 88400 Biberach | Crane with telescopic tower |
FR2838416B1 (en) * | 2002-04-16 | 2004-10-01 | Potain Sa | TRIANGULATION OF A LATTICE BEAM, IN PARTICULAR A TOWER CRANE ELEMENT |
-
2013
- 2013-03-22 DE DE102013005052.9A patent/DE102013005052A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-03-19 US US14/779,316 patent/US20160068375A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-03-19 EP EP14711449.0A patent/EP2976287B1/en active Active
- 2014-03-19 CN CN201480017056.6A patent/CN105143090B/en active Active
- 2014-03-19 WO PCT/EP2014/000751 patent/WO2014146791A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20160068375A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
CN105143090B (en) | 2017-08-25 |
DE102013005052A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
WO2014146791A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
EP2976287A1 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
CN105143090A (en) | 2015-12-09 |
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