EP2963360B1 - Kühlervorrichtung nach joule-thomson, und photodetektorgerät, das eine solche vorrichtung umfasst - Google Patents

Kühlervorrichtung nach joule-thomson, und photodetektorgerät, das eine solche vorrichtung umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2963360B1
EP2963360B1 EP15172364.0A EP15172364A EP2963360B1 EP 2963360 B1 EP2963360 B1 EP 2963360B1 EP 15172364 A EP15172364 A EP 15172364A EP 2963360 B1 EP2963360 B1 EP 2963360B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
thread
wound
gas
spirals
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EP15172364.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2963360A1 (de
Inventor
Dominique Chazot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/66—Devices for determining or controlling patterns ; Programme-control arrangements
    • D04B15/68—Devices for determining or controlling patterns ; Programme-control arrangements characterised by the knitting instruments used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using Joule-Thompson effect; using vortex effect
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/26—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles for producing patterned fabrics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/004—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being air

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a Joule-Thomson chiller device and a photo-detection apparatus comprising such a device.
  • the invention more particularly relates to a Joule-Thomson chiller device comprising a housing housing a location to be cooled, a helically wound tube around a central cylindrical axis, the tube being intended to transport pressurized gas between a first end connected a source of gas under pressure and a second end connected to an expansion orifice in the vicinity of the location to be cooled, the tube being disposed in a cooling chamber having an upstream end connected to the expansion orifice and a downstream end connected to a gas outlet, the cooling chamber defining a path for the expanded gas during which the expanded gas is heat exchanged with the tube to give him cold.
  • the invention particularly relates to Joule-Thomson coolers of the type comprising a low-pressure expanded gas circuit and a high-pressure gas circuit arranged in the low-pressure gas circuit and having an expansion orifice.
  • Joule-Thomson coolers of this type are described in particular in the documents EP338920A1 or FR2782785A1 .
  • FR1232263 A discloses a device according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention particularly relates to chillers for very quickly obtaining low temperatures of between 80 and 200K approximately and used for example for cooling infrared detectors.
  • one solution is to provide the tube finned exchangers.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the prior art noted above.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that the tube is also wound on itself along its length helically so as to form turns, that is to say that the tube is helically wound on itself by forming turns which are wound in series helically around the cylindrical axis, and that a wire is housed within the coils of the coiled tube, said wire extending along the tube helically around the central axis to create turbulence in the expanded gas flow in heat exchange with the tube.
  • the invention also relates to a photo-detection apparatus comprising a detector element mounted on a support cooled by a Joule-Thomson cooling device in which the Joule-Thomson cooling device complies with any of the above characteristics or above. after.
  • the figure 4 illustrates an example Joule-Thomson chiller device 1 comprising a housing 2 housing a location 5 to be cooled.
  • the device conventionally comprises a tube 3 wound helically around a cylindrical central axis 8 forming a support.
  • the wound tube 3 for example made of stainless steel, is intended to convey gas under pressure between a first end 113 connected to a source of gas under pressure and a second end connected to an expansion orifice 4 in the vicinity of the location 5 to cool.
  • the gas under pressure may comprise one of: air, nitrogen, argon at a pressure of between 150 and 700 bar, in particular argon at 480 bar.
  • the expansion orifice 4 may in particular have a structure in accordance with that described in the document FR2833073A1 .
  • the tube 3 is disposed in a cooling chamber 6 having an upstream end connected to the expansion orifice 4 and a downstream end connected to an outlet 7 of gas.
  • the cooling chamber 6 forms a path for the expanded gas during which the expanded gas is countercurrently heat exchanged with the tube 3 to give it cold.
  • the tube 3 is also wound on itself along its length in a helical manner by forming turns 13. That is to say that the tube 3 is wound on itself in a helical manner, forming turns 13 which are wound in series helically around the cylindrical axis 8. This forms a double winding.
  • the high pressure tube 3 can be wound with turns 13 contiguous or not on a mandrel support of small diameter (then removed at the end of winding). This assembly can then be wound on the cylindrical support shaft 8 which will constitute the exchanger of the cooler 1 (cf. Figures 2 and 3 ).
  • a wire 9 is housed inside the turns 13 of the wound tube 3.
  • the wire 9 extends along the tube 3 helically around the central axis 8 to create turbulence in the expanded gas flow in heat exchange with the tube 3.
  • This arrangement achieves the required heat exchange performance required without the need to provide fins or equivalent system at the tube 3.
  • This solution makes it possible to have a sufficiently large length of tube in a small space and therefore a maximum of exchange surface area between the cold gas and the hot gas at high pressure.
  • the cooling chamber 6 is delimited preferably by two concentric cylindrical walls respectively belonging to the housing 2 and the central axis 8.
  • This turbulence can be advantageously increased by inserting at least one winding channeling the flow of low pressure cold gas into the winding of the tube 3.
  • the device may comprise a first cord wound helically around the central axis 8.
  • the first cord is placed in the space between the central axis 8 and the adjacent sets of turns 13 of the tube 3.
  • This first bead 10, bearing against the cylindrical axis 8 and adjacent turns 13, forms barriers or baffles for the expanded gas in its path in the cooling chamber 6 and thus promote its turbulent flow through the inside turns 13.
  • the device may comprise a second cord wound helically around the wound tube 3.
  • the second cord is placed in the space between the casing 2 and the adjacent sets of turns 13 of the tube 3.
  • This second cord 11 bearing on the wall of the casing 2 and the adjacent turns, forms barriers or baffles for the gas in its path in the expansion chamber 6 and thus promote its turbulent flow through the interior of the turns 13.
  • the first 10 and second 11 cords thus form internal and external baffles in a direction transverse to the winding of the tube 3 on the axis 8.
  • the first 10 and the second cord 11 may comprise at least one of: a braided rope, a plastic wire, nylon, polyester.
  • the wire 9 and the cords 10, 11 may each be made of polyester having a diameter of 0.6 mm.
  • these elements (wire 9, cords 10, 11 have a diameter of between 0.2 and 1 mm (or more depending on the diameter of turns 13).
  • the diameters of the wires or cords 9, 10, 11 may depend on the outer interface diameter of the Joule Thomson cooler.
  • the diameter of the wire 9 may be variable along its length to reduce or increase the low pressure loss. Of course, this diameter of the wire 9 can not exceed the diameter of the mandrel support which was used to wind the tube 3 in turns 13 (otherwise it would generate difficulties to insert the wire into the turns).
  • the first bead 10 (or wire) preferably has a diameter sufficient to fill the space created between the central axis 8 and the turns 13 (this space will be a function of the diameter of the turns 13).
  • the second bead 11 (or wire) preferably has a diameter sufficient to seal between the turns 13 and the outer wall of the housing 2 (here also the diameter of the wire 11 may be a function of the diameter of the turns 13).
  • These elements 9, 10, 11 are preferably made of a weakly thermal conductor material (plastics, fabrics, ...) to avoid thermal bridges.
  • This system can also be applied to flat heat exchangers or other forms.
  • the device can be used for cooling infrared detectors.
  • the location 5 to be cooled comprises a sensor and belongs to a photo-detection device for example.
  • the device makes it possible to overcome the finned exchanger or other structures while achieving the required performance.
  • the outer surface of the tube 3 may be smooth.
  • the device reduces manufacturing costs (reduction of assembly time, does not require complex tools).
  • the device exploits the characteristics of materials and shapes to achieve the best performance.
  • the structure of the device reduces the fragility of the product (handling) compared to known systems.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Kühlvorrichtung nach Joule-Thomson (1), umfassend ein Gehäuse (2), das eine zu kühlende Stelle (5) unterbringt, eine zylindrische zentrale Achse (8), eine Kammer (6), eine Rückhalteöffnung (4) und ein Rohr (3), das auf schraubenförmige Weise um die zylindrische zentrale Achse (8) gewickelt ist, wobei das Rohr (3) ausgelegt ist, um Gas unter Druck zwischen einem ersten Ende (113), das mit einer Gasquelle unter Druck verbunden ist, und einem zweiten Ende, das mit einer Rückhalteöffnung (4) verbunden ist, die sich benachbart der zu kühlenden Stelle (5) befindet, zu transportieren, wobei das Rohr (3) in der Kühlkammer (6) angeordnet ist, das ein vorgelagertes Ende aufweist, das mit der Rückhalteöffnung (4) verbunden ist, und ein nachgelagertes Ende, das mit dem Gasausgang (7) verbunden ist, wobei die Kühlkammer (6) einen Pfad für das zurückgehaltene Gas begrenzt, in dem das zurückgehaltene Gas in Wärmetausch mit dem Rohr (3) gebracht wird, um ihm Frigorien zu übertragen, wobei die Kühlkammer (6) durch das Gehäuse (2) und die zylindrische zentrale Achse (8) begrenzt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rohr (3) auf seiner Länge auch um sich selbst auf schraubenförmige Weise gewunden ist, indem es Windungen (13) bildet, d. h., dass das Rohr (3) auf schraubenförmige Weise um sich selbst gewunden ist, indem es Windungen (13) bildet, die in Reihe auf schraubenförmige Weise um die zylindrische Achse (8) gewickelt sind, und dadurch, dass ein Draht (9) im Inneren der Windungen (13) des gewickelten Rohrs (3) aufgenommen ist, wobei sich der Draht (9) entlang des Rohrs (3) auf schraubenförmige Weise um die zentrale Achse (8) erstreckt, um eine Turbulenz im zurückgehaltenen Gasfluss in Wärmetausch mit dem Rohr (3) zu erzeugen.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlkammer (6) durch zwei konzentrische zylindrische Wände begrenzt ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine erste (10) Schnur umfasst, die auf schraubenförmige Weise um die zentrale Ache (8) gewickelt ist, wobei die erste (10) Schnur in dem Raum platziert ist, der sich zwischen der zentralen Achse (8) und den Einheiten von Wicklungen (13) benachbart dem Rohr (3) befinden, um Barrieren oder Hindernisse für das zurückgehaltene Gas auf seinem Pfad in der Kühlkammer (6) zu bilden und so sein turbulentes Ablaufen durch den Durchgang durch das Innere der Wicklungen (13) zu erleichtern.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste (10) Schnur zusammengesetzt ist aus mindestens einem aus: einer geflochtenen Schnur, einem Draht aus Plastikmaterial, Nylon, einem Draht aus Polyester, einem Draht aus Polytetrafluorethylen (PTFE), einem Draht aus Baumwolle, einem Draht aus Polyester.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine zweite (11) Schnur umfasst, die auf schraubenförmige Weise um das gewickelte Rohr (3) gewickelt ist, wobei die zweite (11) Schnur im Raum platziert ist, der sich zwischen dem Gehäuse (2) und den Einheiten von Wicklungen (13) benachbart dem Rohr (3) befindet, um Barrieren oder Hindernisse für das Gas auf seinem Pfad in der Rückhaltekammer (6) zu bilden und so sein turbulentes Ablaufen durch den Durchgang durch das Innere der Wicklungen (13) zu erleichtern.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite (11) Schnur zusammengesetzt ist aus mindestens einem aus: einer geflochtenen Schnur, einem Draht aus Plastikmaterial, Nylon, einem Draht aus Polytetrafluorethylen (PTFE), einem Draht aus Baumwolle, einem Draht aus Polyester.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Draht (9) zusammengesetzt ist aus mindestens einem aus: einer geflochtenen Schnur, einem Draht aus Plastikmaterial, Nylon, einem Draht aus Polytetrafluorethylen (PTFE), einem Draht aus Baumwolle, einem Draht aus Polyester.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zwei Rohre (3) umfasst, die auf schraubenförmige Weise um die zylindrische zentrale Achse (8) gewickelt sind, wobei jedes Rohr (3) auf seiner Länge auch um sich selbst auf schraubenförmige Weise gewunden ist, indem es Windungen (13) bildet, wobei die zwei Rohre (3) zwei Kreisläufe zum Transport von Gas bilden, die parallel zwischen einem entsprechenden ersten Ende (113), das mit einer Gasquelle unter Druck verbunden ist, und einem entsprechenden zweiten Ende, das mit einer Rückhalteöffnung (4) verbunden ist, benachbart der zu kühlenden Stelle (5), angeordnet sind, wobei die zwei Rohre (3) auf alternierende Weise um die zylindrische Achse (8) entlang dieser Letzteren gewickelt sind.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zurückgehaltene Gas in der Kühlkammer gemäß einer im Allgemeinen senkrechten Richtung zu den Wicklungen abläuft, d. h. senkrecht zur Querrichtung des Drahts.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Kühlkammer parallel zur zylindrischen zentralen Achse erstreckt, so dass das Gas in dieser Kammer gemäß einer im Allgemeinen parallelen Richtung zur zentralen Achse fortschreitet und mehrere Male auf seinem Pfad auf den Draht trifft, um das Gas mehrere Male zu zwingen, dem Draht auszuweichen.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Achse zum Wickeln in Reihe der Windungen (und des Drahts) parallel zur zylindrischen zentralen Achse ist.
  12. Photodetektorgerät, umfassend ein Detektorelement (5), das auf einen Träger montiert ist, der durch eine Kühlvorrichtung (1) nach Joule-Thomson gekühlt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlvorrichtung (1) nach Joule-Thomson einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 entspricht.
EP15172364.0A 2014-06-30 2015-06-16 Kühlervorrichtung nach joule-thomson, und photodetektorgerät, das eine solche vorrichtung umfasst Active EP2963360B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1456164A FR3022991B1 (fr) 2014-06-30 2014-06-30 Dispositif refroidisseur joule-thomson et appareil de photo-detection comprenant un tel dispositif

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2963360A1 EP2963360A1 (de) 2016-01-06
EP2963360B1 true EP2963360B1 (de) 2017-12-27

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EP (1) EP2963360B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3022991B1 (de)
IL (1) IL239592B (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3061769B1 (fr) * 2017-01-10 2020-11-13 Safran Electronics & Defense Module de detection infrarouge refroidi par refroidisseur de type joule thomson

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2991633A (en) * 1958-03-17 1961-07-11 Itt Joule-thomson effect cooling system
GB861111A (en) * 1958-12-01 1961-02-15 Hughes Aircraft Co Gas liquefaction apparatus
GB867760A (en) * 1959-02-17 1961-05-10 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Joule-thompson effect gas cooling device
FR2630535B1 (fr) 1988-04-20 1990-11-02 Air Liquide Masse poreuse pour echangeur de chaleur et son application a un refroidisseur joule-thomson
FR2782785B1 (fr) * 1998-08-27 2001-01-19 Air Liquide Refroidisseur joule-thomson
FR2833073B1 (fr) 2001-12-05 2004-05-21 Air Liquide Systeme de controle de debit de fluide cryogenique et refroidisseur joule-thomson comportant un tel systeme de controle

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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FR3022991A1 (fr) 2016-01-01
IL239592B (en) 2020-08-31
EP2963360A1 (de) 2016-01-06
FR3022991B1 (fr) 2016-07-01

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