EP2946435A1 - Antenne a guide d'onde miniaturisee - Google Patents
Antenne a guide d'onde miniaturiseeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2946435A1 EP2946435A1 EP14700718.1A EP14700718A EP2946435A1 EP 2946435 A1 EP2946435 A1 EP 2946435A1 EP 14700718 A EP14700718 A EP 14700718A EP 2946435 A1 EP2946435 A1 EP 2946435A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- waveguide
- housing
- wafer
- radiating
- antenna
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/06—Waveguide mouths
Definitions
- the present invention relates to waveguide antennas especially in the frequency bands usually designated by the letters S and C, this designation being that of ⁇ (Institute of Electrotechnical and Electrical Engineers).
- the invention relates to antennas which are composed of two elements, an antenna housing which is in fact a transition between a coaxial cable for supplying energy and a radiating element, and a guide often rectangular wave which must ensure the emission of the antenna.
- the section of the waveguide must be compatible with the antenna housing.
- Such an antenna is perfectly adapted to achieve a wall crossing to emit to the outside of a vehicle for example, thanks to the waveguide.
- the wall crossing is a unavoidable and binding element for the antenna; the purpose of the invention in such a case is to reduce the volume occupied by the antenna because the place - and the mass - are restricted in such a vehicle.
- the best-known connection technique is to use the central core of a coaxial conductor in the form of a cylindrical metallic strand which is also frequently the extension of the central core of a coaxial connector to generate a field at a first end of a waveguide, the latter being open at a second of its ends, the waveguide thus achieving a radiant opening.
- the disadvantage is that a waveguide or radiating aperture type antenna occupies a fairly large volume and requires that the core of the coaxial conductor is placed at ⁇ / 4 of the bottom of the waveguide.
- the waveguides are used - as their name suggests - to transport the waves from one point to another, but without radiation towards outside.
- the transition or the passage between the power supply in coaxial form and the waveguide can also use elements in the form of microstrip ("microstrip line" in English) or flat surface (radiating wafer, or patch in English).
- the waveguide therefore has a transition at each end.
- the object of the invention is to provide a radiant waveguide radiation device, in particular of the wall penetration type, with a small space power supply and in particular with a coaxial input.
- the invention uses a hybridization between a radiating wafer and a radiating waveguide instead of the coaxial transition-waveguide to achieve the transition to the radiating waveguide.
- the principle of the present invention is to adjust the frequency of the antenna either with an adaptation in ⁇ / 4 which takes up a lot of space, but by adjusting the size of the transmitter element. This is obtained by using a hybrid technology of the radiating wafer type, "patch" in English, adapted in a waveguide so as to achieve good adaptation to the frequency in question while having a small footprint and a radiating aperture.
- a patch antenna is used as an antenna alone and has the advantage of occupying a small volume.
- the fact of encapsulating it is considered as being able to cause a mismatch and not to be compatible of the dimensions of the waveguide vis-à-vis the cutoff frequency of the guide.
- the effect remains minor and does not go against the hybridization and the realization of a radiating waveguide and more particularly of a radiating waveguide forming a tight crossing .
- the present invention proposes a waveguide antenna type radio transmission device in a given frequency band by means of the waveguide which comprises a radiating plate for excitation of the waveguide antenna. .
- the device further comprises an open housing on an upper connection face with a first end of the waveguide, the radiating plate being disposed in the housing, a connector having a contact provided with an extension. in association with the radiating wafer, the housing being a metal case that electrically closes a first end of the waveguide.
- the wafer is fixed on a substrate received in the housing.
- the wafer and the substrate are advantageously in this case a printed circuit.
- the waveguide is shaped through a wall and comprises an inner electrical and thermal insulating body covered with a metal strip.
- the metal strip is preferably made of refractory metal such as tantalum or tungsten.
- the waveguide advantageously has a section which decreases from the first end towards a second end opposite the first end, said second end being an open radiating end.
- the waveguide is a rectangular section tube.
- the radiating wafer is advantageously a wafer of rectangular general shape generating a linear polarization.
- the waveguide and the housing are of circular section.
- the radiating wafer is advantageously in this case a wafer of square general shape truncation generation of a circular polarization.
- the connector is according to a first embodiment a coaxial connector whose external contact is connected to a side face of the housing and whose central contact is connected to the wafer at the crossing by a micro-ribbon on the substrate.
- the connector is according to a second embodiment a coaxial connector whose external contact is connected to a lower face of the housing and whose central contact is connected at the crossing to the wafer by a conductor element passing through the printed circuit and welded to the wafer.
- the connector is according to a third embodiment a coaxial connector whose external contact is connected to a side face of the housing and whose central contact is connected to a micro-ribbon line coupling the central contact with the radiating plate, placed in a plane located between the radiating plate and the bottom of the case.
- the device furthermore comprises a metal-shank-type tuning element integrated into a wall of the waveguide and adapted to allow tuning of a tuning frequency in the band of the waveguide. frequency of the device.
- the waveguide antenna is of conical shape being reduced to its opposite side to the radiating wafer.
- FIG. 1 sectional views, from above and in perspective of a waveguide termination of the prior art
- FIG. 2 schematic side and top views of a first exemplary device of the invention
- FIG. 3 schematic side and top views of a second exemplary device of the invention
- Figure 4 schematic side and top views of a first embodiment of connection of a radiating wafer in a device housing of the invention
- Figure 5 schematic side and top views of a second embodiment of connecting a radiating wafer in a device housing of the invention
- Figure 7 a schematic side view of a device of the invention provided with a means of agreement
- FIG. 9 curves characterizing a device according to the invention according to different settings of the tuning means.
- FIG. 1 represents a waveguide device of the prior art for which a distance of ⁇ / 4 must be respected between the antenna and the short-circuited bottom of the waveguide.
- a radiating plate 3 forming a patch antenna is introduced into a housing 2 having a bottom and side walls but without upper wall in order to connect with a waveguide 1.
- the housing is a short circuit metal housing at a first end of the waveguide and has a significantly reduced depth relative to the device of FIG.
- the waveguide 1 is an open waveguide which constitutes a wall crossing.
- the waveguide 1 is of the same section as the housing at its junction with the housing and extends to a radiating opening opposite to the housing 2.
- the radiating plate 3 is formed as a printed circuit by a metal strip on the upper face of an insulating material.
- the volume of the housing and in particular to reduce the distance between the wafer and the bottom of the housing relative to the device of Figure 1 for which the central core A of the coaxial connector C must be introduced.
- the parameters allowing this reduction are the permittivity er of the substrate
- the waveguide 1 comprises an inner body 1 1 electrical and thermal insulation covered with a metal strip 12.
- the material January 1 is surrounded by a metal foil 12 type tantalum or tungsten forming the metal walls of the waveguide.
- the antenna casing 2 is a metal casing having the same section as the base of the waveguide into which is inserted the printed circuit composed of the substrate 5 and the radiating wafer or patch 3.
- the waveguide 1 has a section which decreases from the first end towards a second end opposite the first end, said second end being an open radiating end.
- the waveguide 1 is also a tube of rectangular section, which allows with a plate
- the waveguide 100 and the casing 200 are of circular section whereas the radiating plate 31 is a generally square plate with a truncation of generation of a circular polarization, which makes it possible to produce a polarization antenna.
- the supply of the radiating plate can be done in several ways.
- a coaxial connector 4 placed under the housing 2 comprises a central contact 41 connected to the wafer 3 by a wire 42 passing through the insulator and soldered to the wafer or via a via passing through the printed circuit wherein the central contact is welded to the underside of the printed circuit substrate 5 and an outside contact 40 welded under the housing.
- a coaxial connector 4 placed on a lateral side of the housing comprises a central contact 41 welded under a microstrip line 32 made on the same plane as the plate 3 and a contact 40 outside welded on the side of the housing.
- the wafer 3 bonded to a first substrate 51 is placed on a second substrate 52 or fixed in the air in the housing.
- FIG. 6 differs from the embodiments described above in that the central contact is not connected by a track or an electric wire to the wafer 33.
- the connection with the wafer is made by electromagnetic coupling.
- a microstrip line 34 placed in a plane situated between the wafer 33 and the bottom of the housing 2, the printed circuit being for example in this case a multilayer circuit 51, 52 unless the circuit 51 is disposed in the air in the case.
- This latter configuration is shown with a lateral connector but can be made with a connector under the housing through a connection between the contact 41 and the micro-ribbon line.
- an adjustable-shank type metal tuning element 6 (stub in English) is integrated in the wall penetration 1 as represented in FIG. 7.
- This tuning element allows tuning of the tuning frequency in the useful frequency band.
- the invention applies to telemetry and trajectory applications and more particularly those used for space vehicles including those of atmospheric reentry for which a passage of thermally insulating partition is necessary.
- the wall penetration and the housing have a complementary metal interface that allows their assembly.
- This interface is according to the example of Figure 8 made by folded edges 13, 21 provided with holes 131 for fixing by screw nut.
- An electrical conductive joint is conventionally disposed between the wall penetration and the housing.
- the waveguide antenna is of conical shape and is reduced towards its opposite side to the radiating wafer.
- the conical shape (a few degrees of angle at the top) of the waveguide is intended to prevent the antenna is expelled due to thermomechanical stresses in the case of a waveguide positioned through a hot wall .
- the tools for defining the details and precise dimensions of the antenna for example using HFSS tool Ansys Corporation.
- the dimensions of the boxes also depend on the different technical elements used, such as connectors.
- the thickness of the antenna housing must be set to be compatible with the available connectors.
- the example shown corresponds to an SMA type connection (for Sub Miniature version A) of reduced dimensions and compatible with the application.
- the bandwidth can also be adjusted by adapting the size of the radiating wafer or patch and its distance to the bottom of the case, the use of a tuning element stub as described being however more convenient .
Landscapes
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1350457A FR3001342B1 (fr) | 2013-01-18 | 2013-01-18 | Antenne miniaturisee |
| PCT/EP2014/050876 WO2014111505A1 (fr) | 2013-01-18 | 2014-01-17 | Antenne a guide d'onde miniaturisee |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2946435A1 true EP2946435A1 (fr) | 2015-11-25 |
| EP2946435B1 EP2946435B1 (fr) | 2018-07-18 |
Family
ID=48652209
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14700718.1A Active EP2946435B1 (fr) | 2013-01-18 | 2014-01-17 | Antenne à guide d'onde miniaturisee |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2946435B1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2690338T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3001342B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2014111505A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12009568B1 (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2024-06-11 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Thermal protection system including high temperature radio frequency aperture |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6580335B1 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2003-06-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Waveguide-transmission line transition having a slit and a matching element |
| JP2001168632A (ja) * | 1999-12-13 | 2001-06-22 | Nippon Antenna Co Ltd | ホーンアンテナおよび一次放射器 |
| US6891513B2 (en) * | 2001-11-26 | 2005-05-10 | Vega Greishaber, Kg | Antenna system for a level measurement apparatus |
| DE60222308D1 (de) * | 2002-10-25 | 2007-10-18 | Nat Inst Inf & Comm Tech | Antennenvorrichtung |
| JP2005260570A (ja) | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | マイクロストリップ線路導波管変換器 |
| DE102005010895B4 (de) * | 2005-03-09 | 2007-02-08 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Aperturgekoppelte Antenne |
| JP4568235B2 (ja) | 2006-02-08 | 2010-10-27 | 株式会社デンソー | 伝送路変換器 |
| DE102006019688B4 (de) * | 2006-04-27 | 2014-10-23 | Vega Grieshaber Kg | Patchantenne mit Keramikscheibe als Abdeckung |
-
2013
- 2013-01-18 FR FR1350457A patent/FR3001342B1/fr active Active
-
2014
- 2014-01-17 WO PCT/EP2014/050876 patent/WO2014111505A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2014-01-17 EP EP14700718.1A patent/EP2946435B1/fr active Active
- 2014-01-17 ES ES14700718.1T patent/ES2690338T3/es active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2014111505A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2014111505A1 (fr) | 2014-07-24 |
| EP2946435B1 (fr) | 2018-07-18 |
| ES2690338T3 (es) | 2018-11-20 |
| FR3001342B1 (fr) | 2016-05-13 |
| FR3001342A1 (fr) | 2014-07-25 |
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