EP2943295B1 - Blowing device and method for the operation thereof - Google Patents
Blowing device and method for the operation thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2943295B1 EP2943295B1 EP14700169.7A EP14700169A EP2943295B1 EP 2943295 B1 EP2943295 B1 EP 2943295B1 EP 14700169 A EP14700169 A EP 14700169A EP 2943295 B1 EP2943295 B1 EP 2943295B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- channels
- pressure reservoir
- flow
- air jet
- Prior art date
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- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
- B07B11/08—Cleaning arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B5/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
- B08B5/02—Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
- B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
- B08B9/032—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing
- B08B9/0321—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing using pressurised, pulsating or purging fluid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/32—Devices for distributing fuel evenly over the bed or for stirring up the fuel bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/0018—Sorting the articles during free fall
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/156—Sluices, e.g. mechanical sluices for preventing escape of gas through the feed inlet
Definitions
- Such devices are approximately from the AT 8634 U1 known and come in sorting machines for transparent and non-transparent bulk materials such as metals, plastics, rocks and glass, paper or cardboard used. They work preferably by means of optical or inductive transmitter and receiver units and serve to remove foreign matter located in the material flow from the material flow or to convey different types of the material of the material flow into different containers.
- the transmitter units consist for example of light rays emitting light sources, preferably diode light sources, which are bundled in the receiver unit via a lens system on a photocell.
- light sources preferably diode light sources
- embodiments are also known in which color cameras are used as receiver units and as Light sources conventional light sources such as fluorescent tubes act.
- Both transmitter and receiver units are connected to a central processing unit, which processes the incoming data and, due to the intensity of the incident on the receiver unit and radiated by the transmitter units light beams to detect location, size and type of individual pieces located in the material flow.
- the sorting of the individual pieces is carried out in dependence on the successful detection of the individual pieces in the material flow.
- a gaseous or liquid medium for example compressed air or water
- a conventional solenoid valve usually consists of a valve stem and a return spring, to reset the valve stem and an electromagnet, which causes the opening movement of the valve stem. Return spring and electromagnet are due to the operation of the Valve, each seen on different sides of the valve stem with respect to the axis thereof, arranged.
- control electronics opens the solenoid valve, a compressed air flow builds up from the valve seat in the flow channel in the direction of the nozzle mouth. Due to the abrupt closing when the solenoid valve is switched off, a vacuum or negative pressure is generated in the flow channel due to the inertia of the air column. As a result, small dust particles are sucked into the flow channel. If they reach the valve stem of the solenoid valve, they cause additional friction and, as a result, increased wear. This reduces the life of the solenoid valves.
- the DE 10 2008 050 907 A1 discloses the preamble of claim 1.
- the DE 10 2008 050 907 A1 shows two variants of dust protection means between the outlet opening of the exhaust nozzles and the valves of a blower: a first variant comprises a cavity, seen from each of the exhaust nozzles in the direction of fall, the nozzle subsequent to the nozzle supply line extends to the bottom of the cavity. At a distance above the ground a Querzumol ein opens into the Düsenzumoltechnisch. This ensures that penetrating dust particles do not penetrate to the valves, but deposit below the mouth of Querzu slaughter endeavor in the cavity.
- This first variant has the disadvantage that the nozzle supply line adjoining the nozzle must always be arranged vertically in order to deposit dust particles that penetrate. In addition, increases by the distance of the transverse feed bore to the bottom of the cavity, the volume of the nozzle supply line and the space required.
- the second variant of dustproofing the DE 10 2008 050 907 A1 comprises for each exhaust nozzle a valve-free bypass line, via the compressed air when the main body of the blower permanently compressed air flows to the exhaust nozzles.
- a valve-free bypass line via the compressed air when the main body of the blower permanently compressed air flows to the exhaust nozzles.
- At least one connecting channel branches off from a plurality of flow channels, which opens into at least one pressure reservoir common to the connecting channels, which is sealed gastight and / or liquid-tight except for the connecting channels and the pressure reservoir communicates only through the connecting channels through that medium through which the Anblasdüsen associated valves, preferably solenoid valves, has flowed, acted upon, can.
- the pressure reservoir, the connection channels and the flow channels are formed so that when opening one or more valves medium from each open valve through the associated flow channel and the one or more branching from this flow channel connecting channels flows into the pressure reservoir, while the same medium from the pressure reservoir flows through one or more other connecting channels in those or those flow channels whose valve is closed.
- connection channel Preferably, exactly one connection channel will branch off from each flow channel of a device according to the invention and all flow channels of a device will have a connection channel. But it is also conceivable that only some flow channels have such a connection channel. Independently of this, it would also be possible to provide a plurality of connection channels per flow channel, which lead into the same pressure reservoir. Or it could lead to different connection channels of a flow channel in different pressure reservoirs.
- a compressed air partial flow is branched off from those flow channels which are currently exposed to compressed air and passed into the pressure reservoir, which thus serves as a compressed air reservoir. If the solenoid valve of the previously acted upon with compressed air flow channels closed, is sucked by the resulting vacuum or negative pressure pure compressed air from the pressure reservoir through the connecting channels and no longer contaminated ambient air through the nozzle mouth. This increases the service life of the solenoid valves.
- connection channels or the pressure reservoir consumes no compressed air, it is only in valve activity in operation. There must be - due to the lack of moving parts - no maintenance of the connecting channels or the pressure reservoir.
- a good effect according to the invention is provided if the cross-sectional area of the connecting channels is 5-10%, in particular about 6.5%, of the cross-sectional area of the nozzle mouth of the blowing nozzles. As a result, less than 10% of the air that passes through the solenoid valve in the flow channel, in the connecting channel and in the pressure reservoir.
- the volume of the pressure reservoir is usually greater than the common volume of all flow channels. If the pressure reservoir is designed as a simple bore, then its diameter is usually larger by a multiple than the diameter of a flow channel.
- the flow channel causes a, in particular only a single, deflection of the gaseous medium and the connecting channel branches off in the region of this deflection of the flow channel, in particular in the direction of the medium before the deflection (relative to the flow direction of the medium in the operating state, if it flows from the valves to the blowing nozzles).
- the flow channel consists of a first straight section, starting at the valve seat of the valve, and a second straight section, which in an angle between 0 and 180 °, in particular at an angle of 90 °, to the first section, and the longitudinal axis of the connecting channel coincides with the longitudinal axis of the first straight section.
- the first straight portion begins at the valve seat, follows the longitudinal axis of the valve seat and ends at the deflection.
- the second section begins at the deflection and ends at the nozzle mouth of the blowing nozzle.
- the deflection is designed so that the second section in the region of the deflection at least over the longitudinal axis of the valve seat or the first section.
- valve stem of the valve if this is screwed approximately into the device, substantially perpendicular to the Anblasdüse or to the second portion of the flow channel. Otherwise, the valve stem of the valve will enclose an acute angle with the axis of the blowing nozzle or with the second portion of the flow channel.
- the design that the pressure reservoir next to the connecting channels has a closable connection for the supply of gaseous or liquid medium could be used to fill the pressure reservoir from outside the device with medium and to ensure that the pressure in the pressure reservoir is always high enough.
- medium such as compressed air
- the blowing device according to the invention can be operated with compressed air.
- each valve can be assigned a Anblasdüse.
- This variant makes it possible, given the number of blowing nozzles, to achieve the highest resolution or blowing precision. But it would also be possible for a valve to supply several blowing nozzles. By controlling multiple Anblasdüsen by means of a valve a simplified control is possible.
- a particularly compact design for a device according to the invention is achieved when the Anblasdüsen, the valve stem including the valve seat, the at least one connection port, the flow channels, the connecting channels and the pressure reservoir are housed in a single housing.
- the housing may have approximately the shape of a cuboid.
- Another embodiment of a device according to the invention provides that the Anblasdüsen, the at least one port, the flow channels, the connecting channels and the pressure reservoir are housed in a single housing, while the valve stem and valve seat of the valves are outside the housing.
- the pressure reservoir can most easily be designed as a cylindrical bore, but other shapes and production methods of a cavity can also be used.
- the subject invention is basically used in all generic devices for blowing (valve blocks).
- a possible method for operating a device provides that the pressure reservoir is acted upon via the connecting channels by that medium which has flowed through the valves associated with the blowing nozzles, preferably solenoid valves. It is not excluded that the pressure reservoir at least temporarily additional medium is fed through a - different from the connection channels - closable connection.
- the method is designed so that the pressure reservoir is closed gas-tight and / or liquid-tight except for the connecting channels and the pressure reservoir is acted upon only via the connecting channels by that medium which has flowed through the valves associated with the blowing nozzles, preferably solenoid valves.
- Fig. 1 shows a Anblasvoroplasty invention, consisting of a cuboid housing 12 whose walls are transparent here in order to recognize the arrangement of the individual elements inside.
- the housing 12 is preferably made of aluminum. Alternative materials However, such as steel, stainless steel, brass or plastic can also be used.
- compressed air is introduced into the housing 12 via the connection opening 1, which opens into a supply chamber 2, which extends in the housing transversely to all - in this case twelve - solenoid valves 3.
- Six solenoid valves 3 are arranged on the top of the housing, six on the back.
- the valve seat and the valve stem of the solenoid valves 3 are located outside the housing here.
- the direction of movement of the valve stem may, for example, be parallel to the surface of the housing 12, ie normal to the subsequent flow channel 4 located in the housing 12. However, the direction of movement of the valve stem may also be normal to the surface of the housing 12, ie in the direction of the adjoining flow channel 4 ,
- the compressed air is evenly distributed to all the solenoid valves 3 by each a compressed air line 11 leads from the supply chamber 2 to a solenoid valve 3. This can open, whereby compressed air enters the respective flow channel 4.
- One type of flow channels 4 which are assigned to the solenoid valves 3 on the back, consists of a straight first section (here perpendicularly oriented from back to front), which at a right angle into a straight second section (here down) passes to into a Anblasdüse 7 (not visible here) to open at the bottom of the housing 12.
- a straight first section here perpendicularly oriented from back to front
- a straight second section here down
- Anblasdüse 7 not visible here
- the second type of flow channels 4, which are assigned to the solenoid valves 3 on the top, is just (here from top to bottom) in the Anblasdüse 7 on the underside of the housing 12, about in the last quarter a connecting channel 5 branches off at right angles into the common pressure reservoir 6.
- the Anblasdüsen 7 can be designed as its own, screwed about, components, but they can also be easily realized by the last part of the flow channel 4 or by its exit from the housing, see Fig. 2 ,
- a housing 12 is provided with eight solenoid valves 3, the electromagnets 3 are arranged at the top of the housing.
- the electromagnets are screwed into the housing 12 and actuate the valve stem, which move in the vertical direction (normal to the surface of the housing 12), but are not visible here.
- the valve seat is provided in the housing 12.
- the straight flow channels 4 here form an acute angle with the direction of movement of the valve stem. It is provided for all flow channels 4, a common pressure reservoir 6 in the form of a bore, which also runs normal to the flow channels 4, almost over the entire length of the housing 12.
- holes 10 which are tightly closed in this embodiment by means of threaded pins or metal balls, so do not represent a connection with the outside space.
- the pressure reservoir 6 are acted upon only via the connecting channels 5 with gaseous or liquid medium, or can escape only via the connecting channels 5 gaseous or liquid medium from the pressure reservoir 6.
- a compressed air partial flow is diverted from those flow channels 4, which are currently subjected to compressed air, and fed into the pressure reservoir 6, which thus serves as a compressed air reservoir. If the solenoid valve 3 of the previously acted upon with compressed air flow channels 4, is sucked by the resulting vacuum or negative pressure pure compressed air from the pressure reservoir 6 through the connecting channel 5 and no longer contaminated ambient air through the nozzle mouth of the Anblasdüse 7. From a certain on-time The saturation of the solenoid valves 3 per minute is reached, the pressure in the pressure reservoir 6 will not increase any further, because of the counterpressure less medium flows from the flow channels 4 into the connection channels 5, the volume of the branched medium therefore drops.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
- Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Anblasen von über eine Freifallstrecke oder ein Gliederband beförderte Einzelstücke eines Materialstroms mit einem gasförmigen oder flüssigen Medium, umfassend ein Gehäuse mit
- mindestens einer Anschlussöffnung für das gasförmige oder flüssige Medium,
- sowie mehreren Anblasdüsen, über welche das gasförmige oder flüssige Medium kontrolliert auf vorbestimmte Einzelstücke des Materialstroms blasbar ist,
- sowie den Anblasdüsen zugeordneten Ventilen, vorzugsweise Magnetventilen, durch welche der Anblasvorgang ausgelöst bzw. gestoppt werden kann und die am oder zumindest teilweise im Gehäuse angeordnet sind,
- sowie einem Strömungskanal zwischen jeder Anblasdüse und dem Ventilsitz des einer Anblasdüse zugeordneten Ventils.
- at least one connection opening for the gaseous or liquid medium,
- as well as a plurality of blowing nozzles, via which the gaseous or liquid medium can be blown in a controlled manner onto predetermined individual pieces of the material stream,
- and valves assigned to the blowing nozzles, preferably solenoid valves, by means of which the blowing process can be triggered or stopped and which are arranged on or at least partially in the housing,
- and a flow passage between each blowing nozzle and the valve seat of the valve associated with a blowing nozzle.
Solche Vorrichtungen sind etwa aus der
Die Sendereinheiten bestehen beispielsweise aus Lichtstrahlen aussendenden Lichtquellen, vorzugsweise Diodenlichtquellen, welche in der Empfängereinheit über ein Linsensystem auf eine Photozelle gebündelt werden. Es sind aber auch Ausführungsvarianten bekannt, bei welchen als Empfängereinheiten Farbkameras zum Einsatz kommen und als Lichtquellen herkömmliche Lichtquellen wie beispielsweise Leuchtstoffröhren fungieren.The transmitter units consist for example of light rays emitting light sources, preferably diode light sources, which are bundled in the receiver unit via a lens system on a photocell. However, embodiments are also known in which color cameras are used as receiver units and as Light sources conventional light sources such as fluorescent tubes act.
Sowohl Sender- als auch Empfängereinheiten sind mit einer zentralen Recheneinheit verbunden, welche die eingehenden Daten verarbeitet und es aufgrund der Intensität der auf der Empfängereinheit auftreffenden und von den Sendereinheiten abgestrahlten Lichtstrahlen ermöglicht, Lage, Größe und Art der sich im Materialstrom befindlichen Einzelstücke zu detektieren.Both transmitter and receiver units are connected to a central processing unit, which processes the incoming data and, due to the intensity of the incident on the receiver unit and radiated by the transmitter units light beams to detect location, size and type of individual pieces located in the material flow.
In weiterer Folge wird in Abhängigkeit von der erfolgten Detektion der Einzelstücke im Materialstrom die Sortierung der Einzelstücke vorgenommen. Diese erfolgt auf an sich bekannte Art und Weise durch Anblasen der Einzelstücke mittels eines gasförmigen oder flüssigen Mediums, beispielsweise Druckluft oder Wasser, während deren freiem Fall bzw. während deren Transport auf einem Gliederband durch die Lücken des Gliederbandes hindurch, wodurch diese aus ihrer Flugbahn bzw. aus dem am Gliederband aufliegenden Materialstrom in ein dafür vorgesehenes Behältnis abgelenkt werden.Subsequently, the sorting of the individual pieces is carried out in dependence on the successful detection of the individual pieces in the material flow. This takes place in a manner known per se by blowing the individual pieces by means of a gaseous or liquid medium, for example compressed air or water, during their free fall or during their transport on a link belt through the gaps of the link belt, whereby these from their trajectory or . Are deflected from the material flow lying on the link belt in a designated container.
Bei bekannten Sortiermaschinen dient als Anblasvorrichtung ein die Anblasdüsen sowie die zu den Anblasdüsen führenden Strömungskanäle enthaltender Bauteil, an welchen im Handel erwerbbare Magnetventile angekoppelt, vorzugsweise angeschraubt werden, wodurch die Ventilauslassöffnung bzw. die Ventilauslassöffnungen mit entsprechenden am Bauteil vorgesehenen Eingangsöffnungen des Bauelementes verbunden werden, um eine Verbindung zu den Anblasdüsen herzustellen. Ein übliches Magnetventil besteht in der Regel aus einem Ventilstössel sowie einer Rückstellfeder, zur Rückstellung des Ventilstössels sowie einem Elektromagneten, welcher die Öffnungsbewegung des Ventilstössels bewirkt. Rückstellfeder und Elektromagnet sind dabei, aufgrund der Funktionsweise des Ventils, jeweils an verschiedenen Seiten des Ventilstössels in Bezug auf dessen Achse gesehen, angeordnet.In known sorting machines serves as a blowing the Anblasdüsen and leading to the Anblasdüsen flow channels containing component to which commercial acquirable solenoid valves are coupled, preferably screwed, whereby the Ventilauslassöffnung or the Ventilauslassöffnungen are connected to corresponding component provided on the input openings of the device to establish a connection to the blowing nozzles. A conventional solenoid valve usually consists of a valve stem and a return spring, to reset the valve stem and an electromagnet, which causes the opening movement of the valve stem. Return spring and electromagnet are due to the operation of the Valve, each seen on different sides of the valve stem with respect to the axis thereof, arranged.
Um eine hohe Sortiergenauigkeit zu erreichen, werden möglichst viele Magnetventile auf der gewünschten Sortierbreite (Breite der Freifallstrecke oder des Gliederbandes) angeordnet. Zusätzlich zur Anzahl der Magnetventile sind aber auch eine möglichst kurze Schaltzeit und ein möglichst kurzer Abstand des Ventilsitzes zur Ausblasdüse, genauer zu deren Düsenmund, ausschlaggebend. Daher werden etwa handelsübliche Schnellschalt-Magnetventile eingesetzt. Diese können, um die Reaktionszeit zu verkürzen, mit einer Schnellschaltfunktion (basierend auf elektrischer Übererregung) und mit einer, auf Lebensmittelechtheit überprüften Schmierung ausgerüstet sein. Um einen möglichst präzisen Druckluftstoß zu erhalten, sind hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten und kleine durchströmte Volumina gefordert. Beim Ausschalten des Magnetventils ist ein möglichst rascher Druckabfall im Strömungskanal erwünscht, der den Durchfluss rasch beendet.In order to achieve a high sorting accuracy, as many solenoid valves as possible are arranged on the desired sorting width (width of the free-fall path or the link belt). In addition to the number of solenoid valves but also the shortest possible switching time and the shortest possible distance of the valve seat to the exhaust nozzle, more precisely to the nozzle mouth, are crucial. Therefore, about commercially available quick-acting solenoid valves are used. These can be equipped with a quick-switching function (based on electrical overexcitation) and with lubrication checked for food safety in order to shorten the reaction time. In order to obtain as precise a compressed air surge as possible, high flow velocities and small volumes flowed through are required. When switching off the solenoid valve, the fastest possible pressure drop in the flow channel is desired, which quickly stops the flow.
Öffnet die Steuerungselektronik das Magnetventil, baut sich ausgehend vom Ventilsitz im Strömungskanal in Richtung Düsenmund ein Druckluftstrom auf. Durch das abrupte Verschließen beim Ausschalten des Magnetventils wird aufgrund der Trägheit der Luftsäule ein Vakuum bzw. Unterdruck im Strömungskanal erzeugt. Dadurch werden kleine Staubpartikel in den Strömungskanal angesaugt. Gelangen diese bis zum Ventilstössel des Magnetventils, verursachen sie dort zusätzliche Reibung und in der Folge vermehrten Verschleiß. Dies verringert die Lebensdauer der Magnetventile.If the control electronics opens the solenoid valve, a compressed air flow builds up from the valve seat in the flow channel in the direction of the nozzle mouth. Due to the abrupt closing when the solenoid valve is switched off, a vacuum or negative pressure is generated in the flow channel due to the inertia of the air column. As a result, small dust particles are sucked into the flow channel. If they reach the valve stem of the solenoid valve, they cause additional friction and, as a result, increased wear. This reduces the life of the solenoid valves.
Zwar könnte dies durch langsamere Schließzeiten des Magnetventils oder einen größeren Abstand zwischen dem Ventilsitz und dem Düsenmund verringert oder gar verhindert werden, allerdings verursachen beide Alternativen einen langsameren Druckabfall in Strömungskanal und damit ein nicht exaktes Ende des Druckluftstromes, was sich negativ auf die Sortierung auswirkt.Although this could be reduced or even prevented by slower closing times of the solenoid valve or a greater distance between the valve seat and the nozzle mouth, however, both alternatives cause a slower pressure drop in the flow channel and thus not one exact end of the compressed air flow, which has a negative effect on the sorting.
Die
Die
Die zweite Variante von Staubschutzmitteln der
Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, die das Ansaugen von Staubpartikeln in den Strömungskanal nach dem Schießen des Magnetventils verhindert, und zwar ohne langsamere Schließzeiten des Magnetventils oder einen größeren Abstand zwischen dem Ventilsitz und dem Düsenmund, und auch ohne Einschränkung der Richtung, wie die Düsenzuführleitungen im Betriebszustand der Vorrichtung angeordnet sein müssen und ohne Bypassleitungen mit kontinuierlicher Druckluftbeaufschlagung.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device of the type mentioned, which prevents the suction of dust particles in the flow channel after the shooting of the solenoid valve, without slower closing times of the solenoid valve or a greater distance between the valve seat and the nozzle mouth, and also without limiting the direction of how the nozzle supply lines must be arranged in the operating state of the device and without bypass lines with continuous Druckluftbedeaufschlagung.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 erreicht. Demnach ist vorgesehen, dass von mehreren Strömungskanälen jeweils zumindest ein Verbindungskanal abzweigt, welcher in zumindest ein, den Verbindungskanälen gemeinsames Druckreservoir mündet, welches bis auf die Verbindungskanäle gasdicht und/oder flüssigkeitsdicht verschlossen ist und dass das Druckreservoir lediglich über die Verbindungskanäle durch jenes Medium, welches durch die den Anblasdüsen zugeordneten Ventile, vorzugsweise Magnetventile, geströmt ist, beaufschlagt, werden kann.This is achieved by the characterizing features of
Damit ist gewährleistet, dass die sogenannte Rückstromkompensation, also das Vermeiden des Ansaugens von Staubpartikeln in den Strömungskanal, nur in der Zeit aktiviert ist, in der die Ventile der Vorrichtung (wobei die Vorrichtung meist als Block ausgebildet ist) aktiv sind. Während der Pausenzeiten sind die Ventile geschlossen und es kommt damit zu keinen Verlusten an Druckluft, wodurch es - etwa im Vergleich zur
Mit anderen Worten sind das Druckreservoir, die Verbindungskanäle und die Strömungskanäle so ausgebildet, dass bei Öffnung eines oder mehrerer Ventile Medium von jedem geöffneten Ventil durch den zugehörigen Strömungskanal und den oder die von diesem Strömungskanal abzweigenden Verbindungskanäle in das Druckreservoir strömt, während gleichzeitig Medium vom Druckreservoir durch einen oder mehrere andere Verbindungskanäle in jenen oder jene Strömungskanäle fließt, deren Ventil geschlossen ist.In other words, the pressure reservoir, the connection channels and the flow channels are formed so that when opening one or more valves medium from each open valve through the associated flow channel and the one or more branching from this flow channel connecting channels flows into the pressure reservoir, while the same medium from the pressure reservoir flows through one or more other connecting channels in those or those flow channels whose valve is closed.
Vorzugsweise wird von jedem Strömungskanal einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung genau ein Verbindungskanal abzweigen und es werden alle Strömungskanäle einer Vorrichtung einen Verbindungskanal aufweisen. Es ist aber auch denkbar, dass nur einige Strömungskanäle solch einen Verbindungskanal aufweisen. Unabhängig davon könnten auch mehrere Verbindungskanäle pro Strömungskanal vorgesehen sein, die in das gleiche Druckreservoir münden. Oder es könnten verschiedene Verbindungskanäle eines Strömungskanals in verschiedene Druckreservoire münden.Preferably, exactly one connection channel will branch off from each flow channel of a device according to the invention and all flow channels of a device will have a connection channel. But it is also conceivable that only some flow channels have such a connection channel. Independently of this, it would also be possible to provide a plurality of connection channels per flow channel, which lead into the same pressure reservoir. Or it could lead to different connection channels of a flow channel in different pressure reservoirs.
Durch die Verbindung der einzelnen Strömungskanäle über Verbindungskanäle und ein gemeinsames Druckreservoir wird etwa ein Druckluft-Teilstrom von jenen Strömungskanälen, die gerade mit Druckluft beaufschlagt sind, abgezweigt und in das Druckreservoir geleitet, das somit als Druckluftreservoir dient. Wird das Magnetventil der zuvor mit Druckluft beaufschlagten Strömungskanäle geschlossen, wird durch das dadurch entstehende Vakuum bzw. den Unterdruck reine Druckluft aus dem Druckreservoir durch die Verbindungskanäle gesaugt und nicht mehr verunreinigte Umgebungsluft durch den Düsenmund. Dadurch steigt die Lebensdauer der Magnetventile.Through the connection of the individual flow channels via connection channels and a common pressure reservoir, a compressed air partial flow is branched off from those flow channels which are currently exposed to compressed air and passed into the pressure reservoir, which thus serves as a compressed air reservoir. If the solenoid valve of the previously acted upon with compressed air flow channels closed, is sucked by the resulting vacuum or negative pressure pure compressed air from the pressure reservoir through the connecting channels and no longer contaminated ambient air through the nozzle mouth. This increases the service life of the solenoid valves.
Da bei der Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Sortieren die Magnetventile oftmals schalten, ist auch dafür gesorgt, dass das Druckreservoir immer wieder mit Druckluft aufgefüllt wird. Ab einer bestimmten Einschaltzeit der Magnetventile pro Minute wird die Sättigung erreicht, der Druck im Druckreservoir wird nicht weiter ansteigen, durch den Gegendruck strömt weniger Medium aus den Strömungskanälen in die Verbindungskanäle, das Volumen des abgezweigten Mediums sinkt also.Since when using the inventive device for sorting the solenoid valves often switch, it is also ensured that the pressure reservoir repeatedly with compressed air is replenished. From a certain on-time of the solenoid valves per minute, the saturation is reached, the pressure in the pressure reservoir will not increase, due to the back pressure flows less medium from the flow channels in the connecting channels, the volume of the branched medium thus decreases.
Es ist kein zusätzlicher Steuerungsaufwand für den Betrieb der Verbindungskanäle bzw. des Druckreservoirs notwendig, bei Stillstand verbraucht das Druckreservoir keine Druckluft, es ist nur bei Ventilaktivität in Betrieb. Es muss - mangels beweglicher Teile - auch keine Wartung der Verbindungskanäle oder des Druckreservoirs erfolgen.There is no additional control effort for the operation of the connection channels or the pressure reservoir necessary, at standstill, the pressure reservoir consumes no compressed air, it is only in valve activity in operation. There must be - due to the lack of moving parts - no maintenance of the connecting channels or the pressure reservoir.
Für einen guten erfindungsgemäßen Effekt ist gesorgt, wenn die Querschnittsfläche der Verbindungskanäle 5-10%, insbesondere etwa 6,5%, der Querschnittsfläche des Düsenmundes der Anblasdüsen beträgt. Dadurch gehen weniger als 10% der Luft, welche das Magnetventil in den Strömungskanal durchlässt, in den Verbindungskanal und in das Druckreservoir.A good effect according to the invention is provided if the cross-sectional area of the connecting channels is 5-10%, in particular about 6.5%, of the cross-sectional area of the nozzle mouth of the blowing nozzles. As a result, less than 10% of the air that passes through the solenoid valve in the flow channel, in the connecting channel and in the pressure reservoir.
Das Volumen des Druckreservoirs ist in der Regel größer als das gemeinsame Volumen aller Strömungskanäle. Wenn das Druckreservoir als einfache Bohrung ausgeführt ist, dann ist sein Durchmesser in der Regel um ein Vielfaches größer als der Durchmesser eines Strömungskanals.The volume of the pressure reservoir is usually greater than the common volume of all flow channels. If the pressure reservoir is designed as a simple bore, then its diameter is usually larger by a multiple than the diameter of a flow channel.
Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Strömungskanal eine, insbesondere lediglich eine einzige, Umlenkung des gasförmigen Mediums bewirkt und der Verbindungskanal im Bereich dieser Umlenkung vom Strömungskanal abzweigt, insbesondere in Richtung des Mediums vor der Umlenkung (bezogen auf die Strömungsrichtung des Mediums im Betriebszustand, wenn es von den Ventilen zu den Anblasdüsen strömt). So kann etwa vorgesehen sein, dass der Strömungskanal aus einem ersten geraden Abschnitt, beginnend beim Ventilsitz des Ventils, besteht sowie aus einem zweiten geraden Abschnitt, der in einem Winkel zwischen 0 und 180°, insbesondere in einem Winkel von 90°, an den ersten Abschnitt anschließt, und die Längsachse des Verbindungskanals mit der Längsachse des ersten geraden Abschnitts zusammenfällt. Das heißt, der erste gerade Abschnitt beginnt beim Ventilsitz, folgt der Längsachse des Ventilsitzes und endet bei der Umlenkung. Der zweite Abschnitt beginnt bei der Umlenkung und endet beim Düsenmund der Anblasdüse. Die Umlenkung ist dabei so gestaltet, dass der zweite Abschnitt im Bereich der Umlenkung zumindest über die Längsachse des Ventilsitzes bzw. des ersten Abschnittes hinausgeht.It can be provided that the flow channel causes a, in particular only a single, deflection of the gaseous medium and the connecting channel branches off in the region of this deflection of the flow channel, in particular in the direction of the medium before the deflection (relative to the flow direction of the medium in the operating state, if it flows from the valves to the blowing nozzles). For example, it may be provided that the flow channel consists of a first straight section, starting at the valve seat of the valve, and a second straight section, which in an angle between 0 and 180 °, in particular at an angle of 90 °, to the first section, and the longitudinal axis of the connecting channel coincides with the longitudinal axis of the first straight section. That is, the first straight portion begins at the valve seat, follows the longitudinal axis of the valve seat and ends at the deflection. The second section begins at the deflection and ends at the nozzle mouth of the blowing nozzle. The deflection is designed so that the second section in the region of the deflection at least over the longitudinal axis of the valve seat or the first section.
Wenn die Längsachse des Verbindungskanals mit der Längsachse des ersten geraden Abschnitts zusammenfällt, also der Verbindungskanal im Bereich der Umlenkung sozusagen gegenüber dem Ventil angeordnet ist, hat dies den Vorteil, dass dort der größte Unterdruck herrscht, wenn das Ventil geschlossen wird. Nach dem Schließen des Ventils kann daher das Medium aus dem Druckreservoir über den Verbindungskanal direkt an diese Stelle strömen, wo der größte Unterdruck herrscht.If the longitudinal axis of the connecting channel coincides with the longitudinal axis of the first straight section, that is, the connecting channel in the region of the deflection so to speak arranged opposite the valve, this has the advantage that there is the greatest negative pressure when the valve is closed. After closing the valve, therefore, the medium can flow from the pressure reservoir via the connecting channel directly to this point where the greatest negative pressure prevails.
Bei dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform mit einem Winkel von 90° zwischen erstem und zweiten Abschnitt des Strömungskanals wäre dann der Ventilstössel des Ventils, falls dieses etwa in die Vorrichtung eingeschraubt wird, im Wesentlichen rechtwinkelig zur Anblasdüse bzw. zum zweiten Abschnitt des Strömungskanals angeordnet. Sonst wird der Ventilstössel des Ventils mit der Achse der Anblasdüse bzw. mit dem zweiten Abschnitt des Strömungskanals einen spitzen Winkel einschließen.In this preferred embodiment with an angle of 90 ° between the first and second sections of the flow channel then the valve stem of the valve, if this is screwed approximately into the device, substantially perpendicular to the Anblasdüse or to the second portion of the flow channel. Otherwise, the valve stem of the valve will enclose an acute angle with the axis of the blowing nozzle or with the second portion of the flow channel.
Die Ausführung, dass das Druckreservoir neben den Verbindungskanälen einen verschließbaren Anschluss für die Zufuhr von gasförmigem oder flüssigem Medium aufweist, könnte dazu verwendet werden, das Druckreservoir von außerhalb der Vorrichtung mit Medium zu füllen und sicherzustellen, dass der Druck im Druckreservoir immer groß genug ist. Dabei würde man allerdings auf den erfindungsgemäßen Vorteil verzichten, dass keine zusätzliche Zufuhr von Medium, etwa Druckluft, notwendig ist.The design that the pressure reservoir next to the connecting channels has a closable connection for the supply of gaseous or liquid medium could be used to fill the pressure reservoir from outside the device with medium and to ensure that the pressure in the pressure reservoir is always high enough. However, one would do without the inventive advantage that no additional supply of medium, such as compressed air, is necessary.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anblasvorrichtung kann mit Druckluft betrieben werden.The blowing device according to the invention can be operated with compressed air.
Vorzugsweise kann jedem Ventil eine Anblasdüse zugeordnet sein. Diese Ausführungsvariante ermöglicht, bei gegebener Anblasdüsenanzahl, die höchste Auflösung bzw. Anblasgenauigkeit. Es wäre aber auch möglich, dass ein Ventil mehrere Anblasdüsen versorgt. Durch die Ansteuerung mehrerer Anblasdüsen mittels eines Ventils ist eine vereinfachte Ansteuerung möglich.Preferably, each valve can be assigned a Anblasdüse. This variant makes it possible, given the number of blowing nozzles, to achieve the highest resolution or blowing precision. But it would also be possible for a valve to supply several blowing nozzles. By controlling multiple Anblasdüsen by means of a valve a simplified control is possible.
Eine besonders kompakte Bauweise für eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung wird erreicht, wenn die Anblasdüsen, der Ventilstössel samt Ventilsitz, die mindestens eine Anschlussöffnung, die Strömungskanäle, die Verbindungskanäle und das Druckreservoir in einem einzigen Gehäuse untergebracht sind. Das Gehäuse kann etwa die Form eines Quaders aufweisen.A particularly compact design for a device according to the invention is achieved when the Anblasdüsen, the valve stem including the valve seat, the at least one connection port, the flow channels, the connecting channels and the pressure reservoir are housed in a single housing. The housing may have approximately the shape of a cuboid.
Eine andere Ausführungsform für eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung sieht vor, dass die Anblasdüsen, die mindestens eine Anschlussöffnung, die Strömungskanäle, die Verbindungskanäle und das Druckreservoir in einem einzigen Gehäuse untergebracht sind, während sich der Ventilstössel samt Ventilsitz der Ventile außerhalb des Gehäuses befinden.Another embodiment of a device according to the invention provides that the Anblasdüsen, the at least one port, the flow channels, the connecting channels and the pressure reservoir are housed in a single housing, while the valve stem and valve seat of the valves are outside the housing.
Das Druckreservoir kann am einfachsten als zylindrische Bohrung ausgeführt sein, es können aber auch anderen Formen und Herstellungsmethoden eines Hohlraumes zur Anwendung kommen.The pressure reservoir can most easily be designed as a cylindrical bore, but other shapes and production methods of a cavity can also be used.
Die gegenständliche Erfindung ist grundsätzlich bei allen gattungsbildenden Vorrichtungen zum Anblasen (Ventilblöcken) einsetzbar.The subject invention is basically used in all generic devices for blowing (valve blocks).
Ein mögliches Verfahren zum Betreiben einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sieht vor, dass das Druckreservoir über die Verbindungskanäle durch jenes Medium, welches durch die den Anblasdüsen zugeordneten Ventile, vorzugsweise Magnetventile, geströmt ist, beaufschlagt wird. Dabei ist nicht ausgeschlossen, dass dem Druckreservoir zumindest zeitweise zusätzlich Medium durch einen - von den Verbindungskanälen verschiedenen - verschließbaren Anschluss zugeführt wird.A possible method for operating a device according to the invention provides that the pressure reservoir is acted upon via the connecting channels by that medium which has flowed through the valves associated with the blowing nozzles, preferably solenoid valves. It is not excluded that the pressure reservoir at least temporarily additional medium is fed through a - different from the connection channels - closable connection.
Das Verfahren ist aber erfindungsgemäß so ausgestaltet, dass das Druckreservoir bis auf die Verbindungskanäle gasdicht und/oder flüssigkeitsdicht verschlossen ist und das Druckreservoir lediglich über die Verbindungskanäle durch jenes Medium, welches durch die den Anblasdüsen zugeordneten Ventile, vorzugsweise Magnetventile, geströmt ist, beaufschlagt wird.However, according to the invention, the method is designed so that the pressure reservoir is closed gas-tight and / or liquid-tight except for the connecting channels and the pressure reservoir is acted upon only via the connecting channels by that medium which has flowed through the valves associated with the blowing nozzles, preferably solenoid valves.
Im Anschluss erfolgt nun eine detaillierte Beschreibung der Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen. Dabei zeigt
- Fig. 1
- eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Anblasvorrichtung mit außerhalb des Gehäuses angeordneten Ventilen,
- Fig. 2
- eine Schnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Anblasvorrichtung nach
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 3
- eine perspektivische Ansicht einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Anblasvorrichtung mit innerhalb des Gehäuses angeordneten Ventilen.
- Fig. 1
- a perspective view of a blowing device according to the invention with arranged outside the housing valves,
- Fig. 2
- a sectional view of a blowing device according to the invention according to
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 3
- a perspective view of another blowing device according to the invention with valves arranged within the housing.
Über die Anschlussöffnung 1 wird in diesem Fall Druckluft in das Gehäuse 12 eingebracht, welche in eine Versorgungskammer 2 mündet, die sich im Gehäuse quer zu allen - hier zwölf - Magnetventilen 3 erstreckt. Sechs Magnetventile 3 sind auf der Oberseite des Gehäuses angeordnet, sechs an der Rückseite. Der Ventilsitz und der Ventilstössel der Magnetventile 3 befinden sich hier außerhalb des Gehäuses. Dabei kann die Bewegungsrichtung der Ventilstössel zum Beispiel parallel zur Oberfläche des Gehäuses 12 sein, also normal zum anschließenden, im Gehäuse 12 befindlichen Strömungskanal 4. Die Bewegungsrichtung der Ventilstössel kann aber auch normal zur Oberfläche des Gehäuses 12 sein, also in Richtung zum anschließenden Strömungskanal 4.In this case, compressed air is introduced into the
Durch die Versorgungskammer 2 wird die Druckluft gleichmäßig auf alle Magnetventile 3 verteilt, indem jeweils eine Druckluftleitung 11 von der Versorgungskammer 2 zu einem Magnetventil 3 führt. Dieses kann öffnen, wodurch Druckluft in den jeweiligen Strömungskanal 4 gelangt.Through the
Eine Art von Strömungskanälen 4, welche den Magnetventilen 3 auf der Rückseite zugeordnet sind, besteht aus einem geraden ersten Abschnitt (hier senkrecht von hinten nach vorne ausgerichtet), der in einem rechten Winkel in einen geraden zweiten Abschnitt (hier nach unten) übergeht, um in eine Anblasdüse 7 (hier nicht sichtbar) an der Unterseite des Gehäuses 12 zu münden. In Fortsetzung des geraden ersten Abschnitts geht jeweils ein Verbindungskanal 5 in das allen zwölf Strömungskanälen 4 gemeinsame Druckreservoir 6 über.One type of
Die zweite Art von Strömungskanälen 4, welche den Magnetventilen 3 auf der Oberseite zugeordnet sind, geht gerade (hier von oben nach unten) in die Anblasdüse 7 an der Unterseite des Gehäuses 12 über, wobei etwa im letzten Viertel ein Verbindungskanal 5 rechtwinkelig in das gemeinsame Druckreservoir 6 abzweigt.The second type of
An das Druckreservoir 6 schließen aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen sechs Bohrungen 10 an, welche für die Erfindung ohne Belang sind und mittels Gewindestiften oder Metallkugeln dicht verschlossen sind, also keine Verbindung mit dem Außenraum darstellen.At the
Die Anblasdüsen 7 können als eigene, etwa einschraubbare, Bauteile ausgebildet sein, sie können aber auch einfach durch den letzten Teil des Strömungskanals 4 verwirklicht werden bzw. durch dessen Austritt aus dem Gehäuse, siehe
In
Die Funktionsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Anblasvorrichtung ist wie folgt:
Über die Anschlussöffnung 1 wird das Arbeitsmedium in das Gehäuse geleitet, wo es zuerst indie Versorgungskammer 2 gelangt, bis es den jeweiligen Ventilsitz der einzelnen Magnetventile 3 erreicht hat. Diese Ventile sind zu diesem Zeitpunkt geschlossen, d.h. jeder Ventilstössel schließt dicht mit dem Ventilsitz ab. In Abhängigkeit von einem Steuersignal einer zentralen Recheneinheit, welches wiederum auf einer Detektion von auszusortierenden Einzelstücken in dem Materialstrom basiert, werden die Elektromagnete aktiviert, wodurch sich die Ventilstössel bewegen und das Ventil öffnet. Das gasförmige Arbeitsmedium kann nun indie entsprechenden Strömungskanäle 4 strömen und aus deren Enden bzw. über dieAnblasdüsen 7 austreten.
- About the
connection opening 1, the working fluid is passed into the housing, where it first enters thesupply chamber 2 until it has reached the respective valve seat of theindividual solenoid valves 3. These valves are closed at this time, ie each valve stem closes tightly with the valve seat. Depending on a control signal of a central processing unit, which in turn is based on a detection of individual pieces to be sorted out in the material flow, the electromagnets are activated, whereby the valve tappets move and the valve opens. The gaseous working medium can now flow into thecorresponding flow channels 4 and exit from their ends or via theblowing nozzles 7.
Ein Druckluft-Teilstrom wird von jenen Strömungskanälen 4, die gerade mit Druckluft beaufschlagt sind, abgezweigt und in das Druckreservoir 6 geleitet, das somit als Druckluftreservoir dient. Wird das Magnetventil 3 der zuvor mit Druckluft beaufschlagten Strömungskanäle 4 geschlossen, wird durch das dadurch entstehende Vakuum bzw. den Unterdruck reine Druckluft aus dem Druckreservoir 6 durch den Verbindungskanal 5 gesaugt und nicht mehr verunreinigte Umgebungsluft durch den Düsenmund der Anblasdüse 7. Ab einer bestimmten Einschaltzeit der Magnetventile 3 pro Minute wird die Sättigung erreicht, der Druck im Druckreservoir 6 wird nicht weiter ansteigen, durch den Gegendruck strömt weniger Medium aus den Strömungskanälen 4 in die Verbindungskanäle 5, das Volumen des abgezweigten Mediums sinkt also.A compressed air partial flow is diverted from those
Es wird in Kauf genommen, dass ein Teil der Druckluft aus dem Druckreservoir 6 über jene Verbindungskanäle 5 entweicht, die von ihren Strömungskanälen 4 gerade nicht mit Druckluft beaufschlagt werden.It is accepted that a part of the compressed air escapes from the
- 11
- Anschlussöffnungport opening
- 22
- VersorgungskammerVersorgungskammer
- 33
- Ventil (Magnetventil)Valve (solenoid valve)
- 44
- Strömungskanalflow channel
- 55
- Verbindungskanalconnecting channel
- 66
- Druckreservoirpressure reservoir
- 77
- AnblasdüseAnblasdüse
- 88th
-
erster Abschnitt des Strömungskanals 4first section of the
flow channel 4 - 99
-
zweiter Abschnitt des Strömungskanals 4second section of the
flow channel 4 - 1010
- Bohrungen für das Druckreservoir 6Holes for the pressure reservoir. 6
- 1111
-
Druckluftleitung zum Ventil 3Compressed air line to
valve 3 - 1212
- Gehäusecasing
Claims (9)
- A device for blowing individual pieces of a material flow using a gaseous or fluid medium conveyed over a gravity section or link belt comprising a housing (12) having- at least one connection opening (1) for the gaseous or fluid medium, - and multiple air jet nozzles (7), through which the gaseous or fluid medium can be blown at predetermined individual pieces of the material flow in a controlled manner,
and valves assigned to the air jet nozzles (7), preferably solenoid valves (3), by means of which the blowing process can be initiated or stopped and which are arranged an or at least partially within the housing,- and a flow channel (4) between each air jet nozzle (7) and the valve seat of the valve (3) allocated to an air jet nozzle (7), with at least one connecting channel (5) branching off from each of a plurality of flow channels (4) and discharging into at least one pressure reservoir (6) common to the connecting channels (5) characterised in that,
the pressure reservoir (6), apart from the connecting channels (5), is sealed in a gastight and/or liquid-proof manner and the pressure reservoir (6) can only be impinged upon by the medium flowing through the valves, preferably solenoid valves (3), corresponding to the air jet nozzles (7) via the connecting channels (5). - Device according to Claim 1 characterised in that the cross-sectional surface of the connecting channels (5) is 5-10%, particularly 6.5%, of the cross-sectional profile of the nozzle mouth of the jet nozzles (7).
- Device according to either Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the flow channel (4) effects a diversion, in particular only a single one, of the gaseous or fluid medium and the connecting channel (5) in the area of this diversion branches off from the flow channel, in particular in the direction of the medium ahead of the diversion.
- Device in accordance with Claim 3, characterised in that the flow channel (4) consists of a first straight section (8), starting at the seat of the valve (3), as well as of a second straight section (9) connecting to the first section (8) at an angle of between 0 and 180 degrees, in particular an angle of 90 degrees, with the longitudinal axis of the connecting channel (5) coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the first straight section (8).
- Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the gaseous/liquid medium is compressed air/water.
- Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that one air jet nozzle (7) corresponds to each valve (3).
- Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the air jet nozzles (7), the valve plunger including valve seat, the minimum of one connection opening (1), the flow channels (4), the connecting channels (5) and the pressure (11) reservoir (6) are accommodated in a single housing (12).
- Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the air jet nozzles (7), the minimum of one connection opening (1), the flow channels (4), the connecting channels (5) and the pressure reservoir (6) are accommodated in a single housing, while the valve plunger including the valve seat of the valves (3) are located outside the housing.
- Method for operating a device for blowing air according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the pressure reservoir (6) can only be impinged upon by the medium flowing through the valves, preferably solenoid valves (3), corresponding to the air jet nozzles (7) via the connecting channels (5), and the pressure reservoir (6), apart from the connecting channels (5), is sealed in a gastight and/or liquid-proof manner.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATGM6/2013U AT13646U1 (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2013-01-08 | blowing device |
PCT/EP2014/050242 WO2014108445A1 (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2014-01-08 | Blowing device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2943295A1 EP2943295A1 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
EP2943295B1 true EP2943295B1 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
Family
ID=50686325
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14700169.7A Active EP2943295B1 (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2014-01-08 | Blowing device and method for the operation thereof |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2943295B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105026060B (en) |
AT (1) | AT13646U1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2014204849C1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2602232T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014108445A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016209336B4 (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2021-08-05 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Curtain applicator |
JP7191296B2 (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2022-12-19 | Smc株式会社 | Liquid discharge method |
JP6785475B2 (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2020-11-18 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Sorting device |
CN108273752A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-13 | 顺丰科技有限公司 | Dust-extraction unit and automatic sorting apparatus for automatic sorting apparatus |
CN108816973A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-16 | 海亮奥托铜管(广东)有限公司 | For clearing up the waste-oil scavenger and its blowning installation of copper pipe inner surface greasy dirt |
CN111774381B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2023-12-05 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Automatic purging device for sampling tube of hearth pressure switch of coal-fired power plant and control method of automatic purging device |
CN113074264B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-11-15 | 厦门灏斯菲尔科技有限公司 | Coolant liquid reposition of redundant personnel control connector |
CN114199532A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2022-03-18 | 江苏杰克仪表有限公司 | Pulse principle-based pressing alternating test bed with adjusting function |
CN113695241B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-02-21 | 上海富驰高科技股份有限公司 | Full-inspection equipment for mobile phone lens support |
CN113770852B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-11-18 | 平邑华玉节能玻璃有限公司 | Glass tempering treatment equipment and special liquid washing mechanism thereof |
CN114009757B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-10-17 | 方家铺子(莆田)绿色食品有限公司 | Instant bird's nest production line and production process for ultrahigh pressure sterilization treatment |
CN114308925A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-12 | 黑龙江建筑职业技术学院 | Energy-saving water supply device capable of automatically cleaning pipeline |
CN116099836A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-05-12 | 杭州汇维仕永盛染整有限公司 | Waste gas treatment system |
CN117029486B (en) * | 2023-10-08 | 2023-12-19 | 湘潭锐华电瓷电器制造有限公司 | Oxide ceramic product sintering furnace |
Family Cites Families (7)
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BE1015418A3 (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2005-03-01 | Pulsarr Ind Res B V | |
AT8634U1 (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2006-10-15 | Binder Co Ag | blowing device |
DE102005048757A1 (en) * | 2005-10-10 | 2007-04-19 | Oliver Gurok | Sensor device for detecting electromagnetically detectable items to be conveyed and sorting device with such a sensor device |
DE202008017748U1 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-06-17 | Dwenger und Grünthal Engineering GmbH | Blow-out device for the selective blowing out of items to be conveyed from a Fördergutstrom and sorting device with such a blow-out device |
CN201969694U (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-09-14 | 李明伟 | Automatic separator for unbroken and broken rice grains |
CN201988528U (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2011-09-28 | 南京文采科技有限责任公司 | Food sorting machine |
CN202411010U (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-09-05 | 肇庆维胜环保资源科技有限公司 | Photoelectric material separator |
-
2013
- 2013-01-08 AT ATGM6/2013U patent/AT13646U1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2014
- 2014-01-08 CN CN201480008114.9A patent/CN105026060B/en active Active
- 2014-01-08 WO PCT/EP2014/050242 patent/WO2014108445A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-01-08 AU AU2014204849A patent/AU2014204849C1/en active Active
- 2014-01-08 ES ES14700169.7T patent/ES2602232T3/en active Active
- 2014-01-08 EP EP14700169.7A patent/EP2943295B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2014204849C1 (en) | 2018-01-18 |
EP2943295A1 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
CN105026060B (en) | 2017-03-22 |
AU2014204849A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
WO2014108445A1 (en) | 2014-07-17 |
ES2602232T3 (en) | 2017-02-20 |
CN105026060A (en) | 2015-11-04 |
AT13646U1 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
AU2014204849B2 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
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