EP2942799B1 - Disjoncteur doté de deux mécanismes de déclenchement ayant des rapports de levier différents - Google Patents

Disjoncteur doté de deux mécanismes de déclenchement ayant des rapports de levier différents Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2942799B1
EP2942799B1 EP15160275.2A EP15160275A EP2942799B1 EP 2942799 B1 EP2942799 B1 EP 2942799B1 EP 15160275 A EP15160275 A EP 15160275A EP 2942799 B1 EP2942799 B1 EP 2942799B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lever
protective switching
triggering
switching device
neutral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15160275.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2942799A1 (fr
Inventor
Johann Herrmann
Andreas Mundt
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/02—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by earth fault currents
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2463—Electromagnetic mechanisms with plunger type armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/321—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H01H71/322—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements with plunger type armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/14—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by unbalance of two or more currents or voltages, e.g. for differential protection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a protective switching device for securing electrical installations.
  • circuit breakers are, for example, circuit breakers (LS), residual current circuit breakers (RCD) or differential current circuit breakers (DI). DIs are typically mains voltage dependent, i. they need a supply voltage to be operational. FIs can work independent of mains voltage.
  • An LS also often includes a short-circuit release and / or an overload release.
  • a protective switching device can be implemented individually as LS, FI or DI or as a device combination LS / FI or LS / DI.
  • the document E 2 061 061 has a circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Safety relays can be designed as so-called DIN rail mounted devices.
  • the individual components LS, FI and / or DI are usually available as individual modules.
  • LS and FI are offered in fixed module widths.
  • the width of such modular electromechanical switchgear is specified in division units according to a relevant standard.
  • a division unit (TE) corresponds to the dimension of 18 mm.
  • the height e.g. because of a defined row spacing of fastening rails in a control cabinet
  • the overall depth e.g. because of the distributor size
  • the depth should typically be a maximum of 70 mm and a maximum height of 90 mm.
  • the present invention is based on the object, a mains voltage independent combined LS / FI protection switching device to provide, which can be manufactured in a compact design and ensures high reliability despite a low ram force of a FI trip relay.
  • a protective switching device which comprises (a) a housing, (b) a neutral protective switching device which is arranged in a first spatial area of the housing and which comprises a first triggering actuator and a first triggering mechanism mechanically connected first Tripping mechanism has, (c) a phase conductor protective switching device which is arranged in a second spatial region of the housing and which has a second triggering actuator and a second triggering mechanism mechanically downstream second triggering mechanism.
  • the first triggering mechanism has a first lever ratio, so that the neutral protective switching device can be triggered by the first triggering actuator with a first triggering force which is at least as great as a first minimum triggering force.
  • the second triggering mechanism has a second lever ratio, so that the phase conductor protective switching device can be triggered by the second triggering actuator with a second triggering force which is at least as great as a second minimum triggering force.
  • the first minimum release force is smaller than the second minimum release force.
  • the described protective switching device is based on the finding that during the operation of an electrical installation in the event of a fault, reliable triggering or activation of the phase-conducting protective switching device is possible can be ensured if the first trigger actuator can provide only a relatively small release force. This is particularly important in compact designed protective switching devices in which due to the small available space only a relatively small (first) triggering actuator can be used, which can provide only a relatively small release force due to its small size.
  • the first release force can be provided in a known manner by a plunger of the first actuator, which actuates a rotatably mounted lever element.
  • the first trigger mechanism is dimensioned so that the releasable from the first trigger actuator triggering force is sufficient to actuate the first triggering mechanism and thus to open an electrical contact in the so-called.
  • Neutral side of the protective device When opening the electrical contact of the neutral side of the described protective switching device, which is associated with the neutral protective circuit, a neutral output is electrically isolated from a neutral input of the neutral side in a known manner.
  • the dimensioning of the second triggering mechanism sets the second minimum triggering force, which must be provided by the second actuator, in order to trigger the phase conductor protective switching device, which is assigned to a phase conductor side of the protective switching devices, in the event of a corresponding fault.
  • a corresponding electrical contact is opened in a known manner, so that a phase conductor output is electrically separated from a phase conductor input of the phase conductor side.
  • the first triggering mechanism and the second triggering mechanism may include a variety of mechanical components such as For example, have actuators, lever members and bracket. These components, which can be rotatably, pivotably and / or displaceably mounted in the housing of the protective switching device, mechanically cooperate in a known and suitable manner such that in the event of a fault a reliable and rapid opening of the electrical contact of the relevant side of the protective switching device is achieved.
  • the first triggering mechanism and / or the second triggering mechanism can also have adjusting elements, such as latching elements, pawls, spring elements (return springs, elevator springs, etc.), which are activated upon actuation of the relevant triggering mechanism.
  • adjusting elements such as latching elements, pawls, spring elements (return springs, elevator springs, etc.)
  • the neutral protective switching device has a first stationary contact element and a first movable contact element, wherein when the neutral protective circuit is triggered, the first movable contact element is removed from the first stationary contact element.
  • the first triggering mechanism has a first contact lever, on which the first movable contact element is mounted.
  • the phase conductor protective switching device has a second stationary contact element and a second movable contact element, wherein when the phase conductor protective switching device is triggered, the second movable contact element is removed from the second stationary contact element.
  • the second triggering mechanism has a second contact lever, on which the second movable contact element is mounted.
  • the first triggering mechanism has a mechanical interaction or coupling between the first trigger actuator and the first movable contact element manufactures.
  • the second trigger mechanism produces a mechanical interaction or coupling between the second trigger actuator and the second movable contact element.
  • the first contact actuator lever and / or the second contact lever may each be assigned a mechanical spring element, for example a spiral spring, and act on this.
  • This mechanical spring element can ensure in a closed state of the corresponding protective switching device that the respective movable contact element rests firmly against the respective stationary contact element.
  • the respective contact lever can be mounted and configured so that it can assume two preferred position in conjunction with the mechanical spring element, wherein in a first preferred position the respective movable contact element bears against the respective stationary contact element (on state of the relevant Protective switching device) and in a second preferred position, the relevant movable contact element of the respective stationary contact element is spatially removed (off-state of the relevant protection switching device).
  • the respective contact lever can not only be ensured that in the on state, the respective movable contact element firmly abuts the respective stationary contact element, but it can also be ensured that upon activation of the relevant protective switching device, i. a transition from the on state to the off state, the relevant electrical contact is opened reliably and quickly.
  • the first triggering mechanism on a first trigger lever wherein the first lever ratio of a ratio of Lengths of two lever arms of the first trigger lever is determined.
  • the second trigger mechanism on a second trigger lever wherein the second lever ratio of a ratio of the lengths of two lever arms of the second trigger lever is determined.
  • the first lever ratio is different than the second lever ratio.
  • the first triggering lever may interact with a plunger of the first triggering actuator.
  • the end of a lever arm of the first triggering lever facing the first triggering actuator preferably rests against this ram. The same can apply to the second release mechanism.
  • the first minimum release force of the neutral side can be reduced. This can be done by extending the first trigger lever on its side facing the first triggering actuator in comparison to the second triggering lever of the phase conductor side. This is compared to the second trigger lever (the phase conductor protection switching device), the first trigger lever (the neutral protective circuit) longer on its side facing the trigger actuator side or shorter on the side facing away from the trigger actuator side.
  • the first triggering mechanism has a first pawl, wherein the first lever ratio is determined by a length of the first pawl.
  • the second trigger mechanism on a second pawl, wherein the second lever ratio of a length of the second pawl is determined.
  • the length of the first pawl is different from the length of the second pawl.
  • the first pawl and the second pawl may each have a projection which is displaceable in a slot or in a straight or curved slide channel.
  • the pawl can execute a comparatively complex mechanical movement, which can be any superimposition of a translatory displacement movement and a rotary or pivoting movement can.
  • first pawl can abut against a lever arm of the first triggering lever, which faces away from the first triggering actuator.
  • second pawl abut against a lever arm of the second trigger lever, which faces away from the second triggering actuator.
  • the first triggering mechanism which is a mechanical coupling between the first triggering actuator and the o.g. first contact lever manufactures, formed such that in the corresponding mechanical interaction chain (a) of the first trigger lever between the first triggering actuator and the first pawl and (b) the first pawl is between the first trigger lever and the first contact lever.
  • the second trigger mechanism which provides for mechanical coupling between the second trigger actuator and the o.g. second contact lever manufactures, be formed so that in the corresponding mechanical interaction chain (a) the second trigger lever between the second trigger actuator and the second pawl and (b) the second pawl is between the second trigger lever and the second contact lever.
  • the minimum tripping force for the neutral side can be reduced. This can be done in particular by the length of the first pawl is greater than the length of the second pawl.
  • the extended first pawl then results in the same contact force to a lower pawl pressure, which has a reducing effect on the "unlatching" required force.
  • the (first) pawl of the neutral side is longer than the (second) pawl of the phase conductor side.
  • the first triggering actuator is a triggering relay.
  • a relay can be realized in a known manner in different sizes and designs. Therefore, a so-called tripping relay is particularly suitable for realizing the first tripping actuator in a compact design, so that the entire neutral protective switching device can be realized even if only a very limited abdominal space is available for the first tripping actuator.
  • the first triggering actuator has a plunger, by means of which the first triggering mechanism can be activated.
  • the neutral protective circuit device further comprises a reset lever, by means of which the plunger can be brought back into an initial position after activation of the triggering actuator.
  • the reset lever described has the advantage that as the first trigger actuator and an actuator can be used in which after an activation in which the plunger has moved from the starting position to a release position, this plunger does not return by itself to its original position.
  • a trigger actuator can be used, which does not have the functionality due to its small size, with which the plunger automatically returns to its original position after a deflection. So that can the entire neutral protective circuit device can be realized in a particularly compact design.
  • the reset lever which can also be referred to as the apply lever, acts on the plunger of the first trigger actuator and pushes this plunger back into its starting position or into its rest position after a successful triggering of the first trigger actuator.
  • the reset lever is configured such that in an on state of the neutral protective circuit in which a neutral output terminal is electrically connected to a neutral input terminal, the reset lever is spaced from the plunger.
  • This configuration and / or integration of the restoring lever in a corresponding restoring mechanism has the advantage that a simple triggering of the first triggering actuator is not hindered by a force exerted on the ram by the reset lever.
  • the neutral conductor protective switching device further comprises a spring element which acts on the reset lever and biases it in such a way that, when the reset lever is released, the plunger is pressed into its starting position.
  • the reset lever or apply lever is biased by means of the spring element in the direction of the first trip actuator and loads the plunger after triggering the neutral protective device as long as the neutral protective device is in its off state.
  • the first trip actuator is therefore closed in the off state of the neutral protective circuit. Only when switching on the neutral protective circuit, ie at a transition from the off state in the above-defined on-state, the return lever is moved against the spring force of the spring element so that the return lever is again spaced from the plunger of the first trigger actuator. The plunger is thus free again and can trigger in the fault current case, the neutral protective device without obstruction by the reset lever.
  • the protective switching device further comprises an operating element, which is operable by an operator and which is coupled to the return lever such that upon actuation of the operating element of the reset lever moves against the spring force of the spring element and thereby the return lever of the plunger Will get removed.
  • the spring element or the return lever coupled to the spring element is raised by the operating element.
  • the reset lever can then be brought into engagement by means of a locking element and thus locked in the retracted position, in which the return lever is removed from the plunger.
  • a triggering of the neutral protective device by means of the plunger of the first trigger actuator can then be done by a largely free plunger movement.
  • the reset lever is released, for example, from the first contact lever and sets the first trigger actuator back on.
  • the plunger of the trigger actuator is pushed back to its initial or rest position.
  • the reset lever can also be indirectly coupled to the operating element via another functional element of the neutral protective switching device and / or the phase conductor protective switching device.
  • This other functional element can, for example, the be described above first contact lever of the first triggering mechanism of the neutral protective device. Alternatively or in combination, this other functional element may also be the second contact lever of the second triggering mechanism of the phase conductor protective switching device described above. Furthermore, this other functional element can also be any component which is mechanically coupled to the contact element which is attached to the first contact lever.
  • switching on the neutral protective device with which the protective switching device is transferred from the above-described off state in the on state also described above, can also be performed with the operating element (by an operator).
  • the control element is coupled not only with the reset lever but also directly or indirectly with the contact lever described above, in which the movable contact element is located.
  • control element described here can also be used to switch the phase conductor protective switching device from an off state to an on state.
  • a phase conductor output terminal is electrically disconnected from a phase conductor input terminal.
  • the phase conductor output terminal is electrically connected to the phase conductor input terminal.
  • the return lever is rotatably mounted in the housing. This has the advantage that the reset lever its real task, the plunger of the first trigger actuator back in his To bring home position can perform by a simple rotation.
  • the return lever is mounted coaxially with the first release lever.
  • a common axis of rotation which can be realized, for example, by means of a simple pin connected to the housing, can be used to rotatably support both the return lever and the first trigger lever.
  • the reset lever is mounted and configured such that a portion of the reset lever, which comes into mechanical contact with the plunger, moves at least approximately parallel to the direction of the plunger movement when the reset lever is rotated.
  • the plunger meets at least approximately perpendicular to the portion of the return lever, which presses on the plunger upon return of the plunger.
  • This has the advantage that when pushing back the plunger means of the reset lever no force component caused by friction occurs, which force component is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the plunger.
  • the return of the plunger can be done in an efficient manner without large friction losses.
  • the risk of undesired jamming between the plunger and the reset lever is minimized by this configuration, so that the reliability of the protective switching device described here is particularly high.
  • the storage and spatial configuration of the reset lever described here may also apply to the first release lever. Consequently, when the neutral protective circuit is triggered, the direction of displacement of the plunger can be parallel to the (tangential) direction of movement of that portion of the first read-out lever, which portion comes into contact with the (end face) of the plunger.
  • the housing has a recess which can be attached to a rail of a control cabinet. Furthermore, the axis of rotation of the return lever is seen from the recess behind the displacement axis of the movement of the plunger.
  • the reset lever is located on a recess-far side of the plunger of the first trigger actuator.
  • that portion of the reset lever, which portion comes into contact with the plunger, above the plunger or the first trigger actuator can be located.
  • the return lever may extend perpendicular to a contact surface of the recess, which contact surface rests against the surface of a rail of a cabinet, when the protective switching device described here is installed in such a cabinet.
  • the rail of the cabinet described here thus represents a mounting structure on which the protective switching device can be mounted in a known manner in a cabinet.
  • a rail is often referred to as DIN rail.
  • the configuration and spatial arrangement of the reset lever described here may also apply to the first release lever. This means that both the return lever and the first trigger lever extend substantially perpendicular to the abutment surface of the recess for receiving a mounting rail described above.
  • the protective switching device further has a coupling element which couples the first triggering mechanism to the second triggering mechanism, so that (a) the phase conductor protective switching device is automatically triggered when the neutral protective circuit is tripped and (b) at a Triggering the phase conductor protective device automatically the neutral protective device is triggered.
  • the other of the two protective switching devices is automatically triggered by the coupling element described here in a triggering of only one of the two protection switching devices.
  • the reliability of the protective switching device is increased in an advantageous manner, because not only those electrical connections that are affected by the original triggering, are electrically separated from each other, but because for safety, the other not directly affected electrical connections are electrically isolated from each other.
  • the neutral protective switching device is a fault current protective switching device.
  • the phase conductor protection switching device is an overcurrent protective switching device.
  • FIG. 1 shows the neutral side 100 of a protective switching device according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the neutral side has a neutral protective switching device, which is also assigned the reference numeral 100.
  • a phase conductor protection device 200 which in FIG. 2 is shown, the neutral protective device 100 is the protection device described in this document.
  • the neutral side 100 is located in a housing 120, which is designed according to the embodiment shown here as a half-shell. Together with a likewise designed as a half shell housing 220, which in FIG. 2 is shown and the phase conductor is assigned to page 200 of the protection device, the housing 120 forms the housing of the entire protection device.
  • the housing 120 has at the in FIG. 1 right side, a recess 122, which is provided in a known manner for attaching the protective switching device to a DIN rail of a control cabinet, not shown.
  • the neutral conductor protective switching device 100 has two connection terminals 102 and 104, to each of which a clamping screw 102a or 104a is assigned.
  • the terminals 102 and 104 are used in a known manner to receive electrical connection wires, which are each fixed with the clamping screw 102a and 104a.
  • a current path 106 Between the two terminals 102 and 104 extends a current path 106, which in FIG. 1 illustrated by a thick dotted line.
  • the current path 106 extends over a flexible strand 107.
  • the current path 106 is interrupted in a contact area 108.
  • the interruption in the current path 106 extends between a stationary contact element 108a and a movable contact element 108b remote therefrom.
  • the neutral protective switching device 100 has a first triggering actuator 130, which is designed as a so-called tripping relay.
  • the neutral protective switching device 100 is a fault current protective switching device, which has a fault current sensor 132 in a known manner.
  • the fault current sensor 132 is designed in a known manner such that it outputs an output signal when a fault current different from zero occurs.
  • a non-zero fault current is present when the current through the neutral current path 106 is not equal to the current through an in FIG. 2 illustrated phase conductor current path 206.
  • the fault current sensor 132 is coupled to the trip relay 130 in a manner not shown, so that it is activated when a fault current from the fault current sensor 132 occurs.
  • a plunger 130a is moved upward, which in turn activates a first triggering mechanism 150, which upon activation removes the movable contact element 108b from the stationary contact element 108a.
  • this first triggering mechanism 150 will be described in detail:
  • the first triggering mechanism 150 has a first triggering lever 158 which can be actuated by the plunger 130a. Upon a corresponding lifting of the plunger 130a is a first lever arm 158a of the first trigger lever 158 pushed upward.
  • a second lever arm 158b of the first trigger lever 158 which is rotatably mounted in a pivot axis 159 designed as a pin, is moved downwards.
  • an end 156 a of a pawl 156 is released, so that a in the FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrated upper portion of the pawl 156 at a transition from an in FIG. 3 illustrated on-state of the neutral protective circuit 100 in the in FIG. 1 illustrated off-state of the neutral protective circuit 100 in a advocatessnot 157 from a right position in the in FIG. 1 shown left position moves.
  • the upper portion of the pawl 156 is mechanically coupled via a bracket 154 to a first contact lever 152.
  • the transition of the neutral protective circuit 100 from the in FIG. 3 illustrated on-state in the in FIG. 1 displayed off-state in the FIGS. 1 and 3 shown left portion of a first contact lever 152 in a ceremoniessnot 152c moves from top right to bottom left.
  • This movement is assisted by a contact spring 152a which biases the contact lever 152.
  • the middle portion of the first contact lever 152 is located on a stop 152b formed as a web. According to the embodiment shown here, this web 152 b is a part of the housing 120.
  • the movement of the first contact lever 152 is associated with a movement of the flexible strand 107 described above.
  • the flexibility or the flexibility of the flexible strand 107 is selected such that a corresponding deformation of the flexible strand 107 represents only a very small resistance for a movement of the first contact lever 152.
  • the movable contact element 108b is located on the in FIG. 1 right portion of the first contact lever 152.
  • An on-state shown can be caused by an operator who operates a designed as a mechanical toggle control 170 so that a handle 172 of the in FIG. 1 shown lower position in the in FIG. 3 shown upper position is moved.
  • a rotation of the operating member 170 about a rotation axis 171 around a bracket 174 of the in FIG. 1 position shown in the in FIG. 3 shown position moves.
  • This bracket 174 attacks, as from the FIGS. 1 and 3 can be seen on the pawl 156 such that at a transition from the in FIG. 1 illustrated off-state in the in FIG.
  • the trigger relay 130 is realized in a particularly small design. This has the consequence that the plunger 130a after triggering the trigger relay 130, wherein the plunger 130a is moved upward, not by itself in his in the FIGS. 1 and 3 shown starting position returns. Around nevertheless, to return the plunger 130a to its original position, a reset lever 160 is provided.
  • This reset lever which may also be referred to as the application lever 160, is biased by a spring 160b so that a print head 160a of the reset lever 160 presses on the plunger 130a from above.
  • the reset lever 160 can be rotated around a rotation axis 159 in the counterclockwise direction and locked in a position in which a return spring 160b is tensioned. This condition is in FIG. 3 shown.
  • FIG. 3 At a transition from the in FIG. 3 illustrated on-state of the neutral protective circuit 100 in the in FIG. 1 illustrated off-state of the neutral protective circuit device 100 is then released this latching connection, so that by a tensile force, which is provided by the return spring 160 b, the reset lever 160 is rotated about its axis of rotation 159 in the clockwise direction. As a result, the plunger 130a is pushed down to its original position.
  • the rotation axis 159 represents a common axis of rotation for both the reset lever 160 and the first trigger lever 158. It should be noted, however, that the reset lever 160 and the first trigger lever 158 may also have different axes of rotation.
  • FIG. 2 shows the phase conductor side 200 of FIG FIG. 1 illustrated protective switching device.
  • the phase conductor side has the above-mentioned phase conductor protective switching device 200.
  • illustrated orientation of the protective switching device results from the in FIG. 1 illustrated orientation of the protective device by a rotation through 180 ° around one in the FIGS. 1 and 2 not shown horizontal axis of rotation.
  • the housing 220 forms, as already explained above, together with the housing 120, the housing of the entire protection device. Consequently, the housing 220 also has on the in FIG. 2 Right side shown a recess 222, which is provided in a known manner for attaching the protective switching device to the DIN rail of the control cabinet, not shown.
  • the phase conductor protective switching device 200 has two terminals 202 and 204, which in each case a clamping screw 202a and 204a is assigned.
  • the terminals 202 and 204 are used in a known manner to receive electrical connection wires, which are each fixed with the clamping screw 202a and 204a.
  • Between the two connection terminals 202 and 204 extends the above-mentioned current path 206, which in FIG. 2 illustrated by a thick dotted line.
  • the current path 206 extends over a flexible strand 207.
  • the current path 206 is interrupted in a contact region 208.
  • the interruption of the current path 206 extends between a stationary contact element 208a and a movable contact element 208b.
  • the phase conductor protective switching device 200 further has a second triggering actuator 230.
  • the second triggering actuator is a short-circuit or overcurrent tripping device 230.
  • the overcurrent release device 230 is a device already known from the prior art, which has a coil formed as a current-carrying winding package and a movably mounted in the coil plunger 230a. When exceeding a predetermined current through the coil is in particular generates a magnetic field inside the coil, which is so strong that the displaceable plunger 230a moves upward. In this case, a second trigger mechanism 250 is activated, which removes the movable contact element 208b from the stationary contact element 208a. In the following, the first triggering mechanism 250 will be described in detail: The second trigger mechanism 250 has a second trip lever 258 which can be actuated by the plunger 230a and connected to one end of a spring 258c.
  • the other end of the spring 258c is attached to the housing 220.
  • a first lever arm 258a of the second trigger lever 258 is pushed upwards.
  • a second lever arm 258b of the second release lever 258, which is rotatably mounted in a pivot pin 259 designed as a pin moves downwards.
  • an end 256a of a pawl 256 is then released, so that a in FIG. 2 illustrated upper portion of the pawl 256 at a transition from an in FIG. 4 illustrated on-state of the phase conductor protective device 200 in the in FIG. 2 illustrated off-state of the phase conductor protective switching device 200 in a guide groove 257 from a right position in the in FIG. 2 shown left position moves.
  • the upper portion of the pawl 256 is mechanically coupled via a bracket 254 with a second contact lever 252.
  • the transition of the phase conductor protection circuit 200 from the in FIG. 4 illustrated on-state in the in FIG. 2 displayed off-state in FIG. 2 illustrated left portion of the second contact lever 252 in a guide groove 252c in FIG. 2 moved from top right to bottom left.
  • an extension 253 of the second contact lever 252 is moved in a slot 252d from top right to bottom left.
  • the Movement of the central portion and the extension 253 is assisted by a contact spring 252a which biases the contact lever 252.
  • the middle portion of the first contact lever 152 is located on a designed as a web stop 252b. According to the embodiment illustrated here, this web 252b is a part of the housing 220.
  • the movement of the second contact lever 252 is associated with a movement of the flexible strand 207 described above.
  • the flexibility or the flexibility of the flexible strand 207 is also selected here such that the flexible strand 207 does not hinder or only marginally inhibits a movement of the second contact lever 252.
  • the movable contact element 208b is located on the in FIG. 2 right portion of the second contact lever 252nd
  • the right lever arm 258b of the second trigger lever 258 is coupled to a bracket 265.
  • the lower end of the bracket 265 is rotatably mounted on the lever arm 258b.
  • An upper end of the bracket 265 is in a in FIG. 2 guided in the vertical direction extending guide groove 265 a.
  • FIG. 2 Furthermore, the operating element 170 can be seen, which is already in FIG. 1 has been shown and explained above.
  • the control element 170 thus represents a central operating element for both the neutral protective circuit device 100 and for the phase conductor protective circuit device 200
  • FIG. 2 illustrated orientation of the phase conductor protective switching device 200, which orientation from the orientation of in FIG. 1 shown neutral conductor protective switching device 100 by a rotation through 180 ° to one in the FIGS. 1 and 2 not shown horizontal axis of rotation is apparent in FIG. 2 the control element 170 in comparison to the representation of the control element 170 in FIG. 1 shown from the other side. That is why only in FIG. 2 a spiral spring 275 can be seen, which is coupled to the operating element 170 and which in the in FIG. 2 shown position of the control element 170 is in a relatively relaxed state.
  • the phase conductor protective switching device 200 in a known manner in addition to others in FIG. 2 not shown components still has a spark chamber 292.
  • this spark gap 292 an arc can spread, which can occur when opening the current path 206.
  • the arc is passed into a quenching chamber 290.
  • a transition of the phase conductor protection device 200 of the in FIG. 2 illustrated off-state in the in FIG. 4 also shown by an operator by an operation of the previously shown with reference to FIG. 1 described operating element 170 done.
  • the extension 253 of the second contact lever 252 is pressed in a manner not shown to the top right and thus the second contact lever 252 is rotated so that the movable contact element 208b comes into contact with the stationary contact element 208a.
  • the second contact lever 252 is tilted around the stop 252b in a first phase.
  • the second contact lever 252 lifts off from the stop 252b and the contact spring 252a, which engages from above on the contact lever 252, ensures that the movable contact element 208b presses firmly against the stationary contact element 208a.
  • the two triggering mechanisms 150 and 250 have different leverage ratios.
  • the lever ratio of the first trigger mechanism 150 is dimensioned in comparison to the lever ratio of the second trigger mechanism 250 so that the trigger relay 130, which can provide only a comparatively low release force via its plunger 130a, nevertheless reliably capable of first trigger mechanism 150 to activate.
  • the lever ratio of the second trigger mechanism 250 is dimensioned so that a relatively large release force must be provided by the second trigger actuator 230 via its plunger 230a to activate the second trigger mechanism 250.
  • triggering force favorable lever ratio is realized in that compared to the second trigger lever 258 of the release lever 158 right an extended lever arm 158a and left a correspondingly shortened lever arm 158b (see FIGS. 1 and 3 in comparison to the Figures 2 and 4 ).
  • the pawl 156 is longer than the pawl 256. The latter also contributes to an improved from the perspective of the required release force lever ratio of the first trigger mechanism 150 in comparison to the lever ratio of the second trigger mechanism 250 at.
  • a favorable from the perspective of the required release force leverage of the first triggering mechanism can also be achieved in that only the lever ratio of the first trigger lever 158 is changed compared to the lever ratio of the second trigger lever 258 in view of a small required release force.
  • FIG. 3 shows the neutral side 100 of the protection device according to FIG. 1 , wherein the neutral protective circuit 100 is in an on state. It can be clearly seen that in the contact region 108 the current path 106 is closed. Furthermore, it can be seen that the middle part of the first contact lever 152 is lifted off the stop 152b and the contact spring 152a compressed thereby exerts an increased compressive force on the central portion of the first contact lever 152, so that as a result the stationary contact element 108a is fixed to the movable contact element Contact element 108b is applied.
  • FIG. 3 With respect to the return lever 160 is in FIG. 3 clearly recognizes that the printhead 160a of the reset lever 160 is lifted from the plunger 130a and that the return spring 160b coupled to the return lever 160 is in a cocked state. If, after a triggering of the first trigger mechanism 150 by lifting the plunger 130a, the reset lever 160 is no longer held in its retracted position by means of the extension 253, then the mechanical energy stored in the reset lever 160b is used to reset the reset lever 160 in the clockwise direction to rotate common axis of rotation 159 and thereby bring the plunger 130a back to its lower starting position (see FIG. 1 ).
  • FIG. 4 shows the phase conductor side 200 of the protective switching device according to FIG. 2 , wherein the phase conductor protection switching device 200 is in an on state. It can be clearly seen that in the contact region 208 the current path 206 is closed. Furthermore, it can be seen that the middle part of the second contact lever 252 is lifted off the stop 252b and the contact spring 252a compressed thereby exerts an increased compressive force on the middle section of the second contact lever 252, so that as a result the stationary contact element 208a is fixed to the movable contact element 208a Contact element 208b is applied.

Claims (13)

  1. Appareil de coupure et de protection, comprenant un boîtier (120, 220), un dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteur neutre (100), qui est situé dans une première zone spatiale (120) du boîtier (120, 220) et qui comporte un premier actionneur de déclenchement (130) et un premier mécanisme de déclenchement (150) monté mécaniquement en aval du premier actionneur de déclenchement (130), et un dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteurs de phase (200), qui est situé dans une seconde zone spatiale (220) du boîtier (120, 220) et qui comporte un second actionneur de déclenchement (230) et un second mécanisme de déclenchement (250) monté mécaniquement en aval du second actionneur de déclenchement (230),
    - dans lequel le premier mécanisme de déclenchement (150) présente un premier rapport de levier, de sorte que le dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteur neutre (100) puisse être déclenché par le premier actionneur de déclenchement avec une première force de déclenchement qui est au moins aussi grande qu'une première force de déclenchement minimale, et
    - dans lequel le second mécanisme de déclenchement (250) présente un second rapport de levier, de sorte que le dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteurs de phase (200) puisse être déclenché par le second actionneur de déclenchement (230) avec une seconde force de déclenchement qui est au moins aussi grande qu'une seconde force de déclenchement minimale, la première force de déclenchement minimale étant inférieure à la seconde force de déclenchement minimale, caractérisé en ce que
    le premier mécanisme de déclenchement (150) comprend un premier levier de déclenchement, dans lequel le premier rapport de levier est déterminé par un rapport des longueurs de deux bras de levier (158a, 158b) du premier levier de déclenchement (158), en ce que le second mécanisme de déclenchement (250) comprend un second levier de déclenchement (258), dans lequel le second rapport de levier est déterminé par un rapport des longueurs de deux bras de levier (258a, 258b) du second levier de déclenchement (258), et en ce que le premier rapport de levier est différent du second rapport de levier.
  2. Appareil de coupure et de protection selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel le dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteur neutre (100) comprend un premier élément de contact fixe (108a) et un premier élément de contact mobile (108b), dans lequel, lors d'un déclenchement du dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteur neutre (100), le premier élément de contact mobile (108b) est éloigné du premier élément de contact fixe (108a), et le premier mécanisme de déclenchement (150) comprend un premier levier de contact (152) sur lequel est fixé le premier élément de contact mobile (108b), et/ou dans lequel le dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteurs de phase (200) comprend un second élément de contact fixe (208a) et un second élément de contact mobile (208b), dans lequel, lors d'un déclenchement du dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteurs de phase (200), le second élément de contact mobile (208b) est éloigné du second élément de contact fixe (208a), et le second mécanisme de déclenchement (250) comprend un second levier de contact (258) sur lequel est fixé le second élément de contact mobile (208b).
  3. Appareil de coupure et de protection selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le premier mécanisme de déclenchement (150) comprend un premier cliquet (156), dans lequel le premier rapport de levier est déterminé par une longueur du premier cliquet (156) et/ou dans lequel le second mécanisme de déclenchement (250) comprend un second cliquet (256), dans lequel le second rapport de levier est déterminé par une longueur du second cliquet (256).
  4. Appareil de coupure et de protection selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le premier actionneur de déclenchement est un relais de déclenchement (130) .
  5. Appareil de coupure et de protection selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le premier actionneur de déclenchement (130) comprend un poussoir (130a) au moyen duquel le premier mécanisme de déclenchement (150) peut être activé, et dans lequel le dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteur neutre (100) comprend, en outre, un levier de rappel (160) au moyen duquel le poussoir (130a) peut être ramené dans une position de départ après une activation de l'actionneur de déclenchement (130).
  6. Appareil de coupure et de protection selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel le levier de rappel (160) est configuré de sorte que, dans un état enclenché du dispositif de coupure et de protection (100) côté conducteur neutre, dans lequel une borne de sortie côté conducteur neutre (104) est reliée électriquement à une borne d'entrée côté conducteur neutre (102), le levier de rappel (160) se trouve à une distance du poussoir (130a).
  7. Appareil de coupure et de protection selon l'une des revendications précédentes 5 à 6, dans lequel le dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteur neutre (100) comprend, en outre, un élément élastique (160b) qui est accroché au levier de rappel (160) et précontraint celui-ci de façon que le poussoir (130a) soit poussé dans sa position de départ lors d'un relâchement du levier de rappel (160).
  8. Appareil de coupure et de protection selon la revendication précédente, comprenant, en outre, un élément de commande (170) qui peut être actionné par un opérateur et qui est couplé au levier de rappel (160) de sorte que, lors d'un actionnement de l'élément de commande (170), le levier de rappel (160) est déplacé dans le sens opposé à la force élastique de l'élément élastique (160b), le levier de rappel (160) étant de ce fait éloigné du poussoir (130a).
  9. Appareil de coupure et de protection selon l'une des revendications précédentes 5 à 8, dans lequel le levier de rappel (160) est monté de manière rotative dans le boîtier (120) .
  10. Appareil de coupure et de protection selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel le levier de rappel (160) est monté et réalisé de façon qu'une partie (160a) du levier de rappel (160) qui entre en contact mécanique avec le poussoir (130a) se déplace de manière au moins à peu près parallèle à la direction du mouvement du poussoir lors de la rotation du levier de rappel (160).
  11. Appareil de coupure et de protection selon l'une des revendications précédentes 9 à 10, dans lequel le boîtier (120, 140) est pourvu d'un évidement (122, 222) qui peut être placé sur une barre d'une armoire de distribution, et l'axe de rotation du levier de rappel (160), vu depuis l'évidement (122), se trouve derrière l'axe de déplacement du mouvement du poussoir (130a).
  12. Appareil de coupure et de protection selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant, en outre, un élément de couplage qui couple le premier mécanisme de déclenchement (150) au second mécanisme de déclenchement (250), de sorte que
    (a) lors d'un déclenchement du dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteur neutre (100), le dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteurs de phase (200), lui aussi, est automatiquement déclenché et
    (b) lors d'un déclenchement du dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteurs de phase (200), le dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteur neutre (100), lui aussi, est automatiquement déclenché.
  13. Appareil de coupure et de protection selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteur neutre est un dispositif de coupure et de protection différentiel (100) et/ou le dispositif de coupure et de protection côté conducteurs de phase est un dispositif de coupure et de protection contre les surintensités (200).
EP15160275.2A 2014-05-07 2015-03-23 Disjoncteur doté de deux mécanismes de déclenchement ayant des rapports de levier différents Active EP2942799B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014208564.0A DE102014208564A1 (de) 2014-05-07 2014-05-07 Schutzschaltgerät mit zwei Auslösemechaniken mit unterschiedlichen Hebelverhältnissen

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EP2942799A1 EP2942799A1 (fr) 2015-11-11
EP2942799B1 true EP2942799B1 (fr) 2018-09-12

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FR3046289B1 (fr) * 2015-12-29 2018-02-16 Legrand France Appareil electrique de protection au format modulaire
DE102018203521A1 (de) * 2018-03-08 2019-09-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektromechanisches Schutzschaltgerät
CN111383862A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-07 龙岩烟草工业有限责任公司 继电保护复位装置及烟草加工设备的空气压缩机
DE102019103278B3 (de) 2019-02-11 2020-06-18 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Fernantrieb für einen Leitungsschutzschalter auf Basis eines FI-Schutzschalters
DE202019001746U1 (de) 2019-04-17 2019-05-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kompakt-Schutzschaltgerät

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JP3117074B2 (ja) * 1996-08-06 2000-12-11 富士電機株式会社 回路遮断器
CN2524360Y (zh) * 2002-03-05 2002-12-04 乐清市中南开关厂 一种新型的塑壳式漏电断路器
CN2938385Y (zh) * 2006-08-17 2007-08-22 浙江省志明电气进出口有限公司 漏电断路器

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