EP2942474B1 - Drill bit having a number of roller bits for drilling a ground surface, and a method for detaching a drill bit with a number of roller bits drilling a ground surface from a pipe shoe in the sunk state - Google Patents

Drill bit having a number of roller bits for drilling a ground surface, and a method for detaching a drill bit with a number of roller bits drilling a ground surface from a pipe shoe in the sunk state Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2942474B1
EP2942474B1 EP14167345.9A EP14167345A EP2942474B1 EP 2942474 B1 EP2942474 B1 EP 2942474B1 EP 14167345 A EP14167345 A EP 14167345A EP 2942474 B1 EP2942474 B1 EP 2942474B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drill head
head ring
drill
unlocking
drill bit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14167345.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2942474A1 (en
Inventor
Markus Lintschinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zueblin Spezialtiefbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Zueblin Spezialtiefbau GmbH
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Application filed by Zueblin Spezialtiefbau GmbH filed Critical Zueblin Spezialtiefbau GmbH
Priority to EP14167345.9A priority Critical patent/EP2942474B1/en
Publication of EP2942474A1 publication Critical patent/EP2942474A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2942474B1 publication Critical patent/EP2942474B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E21B10/20—Roller bits characterised by detachable or adjustable parts, e.g. legs or axles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/64—Drill bits characterised by the whole or part thereof being insertable into or removable from the borehole without withdrawing the drilling pipe
    • E21B10/66—Drill bits characterised by the whole or part thereof being insertable into or removable from the borehole without withdrawing the drilling pipe the cutting element movable through the drilling pipe and laterally shiftable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drill bit with a number of rolling chisels for drilling a subsoil and a method for releasing a drill bit having a number of chisels for drilling a subsoil from a pipe shoe in the sunk state.
  • drill bits are known with a number of rolling chisels for drilling a ground. Such drill bits are each attached to a lower end of a pipe. Such pipes, with which rotary motion and feed are transmitted to the respective drill bit and therefore must be firmly connected to the drill bit, are also referred to as drill pipes or as drill pipes.
  • the pipe shoe is understood below a lower end of a pipe.
  • the pipe shoe is preferably formed as a separate component which can be connected to a conventional round tube, for example by means of screwing.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide an improved drill bit with a number of rolling chisels for drilling a ground and an improved method for releasing a drill bit having a number of rolling chisels for drilling a ground from a pipe shoe.
  • the object is achieved with respect to the drill bit by the combination of features according to claim 1 and with respect to the method by the combination of features according to claim 10.
  • the number of rolling chisels on a drill head ring of the drill bit arranged and it is arranged on the drill head ring means for internally releasing a detachable connection between the drill head ring and a pipe shoe.
  • Internal release is to be understood as meaning a release in which it is not necessary to access the drill bit or the transition region of the tube shoe to the drill bit from the outside.
  • the internal release of the connection between the drill head ring and the pipe shoe makes it possible in a particularly advantageous manner that a dissolved and disassembled individual elements drill bit can be removed through the pipe shoe located in the ground and a very long, also located in the ground pipe, although the outer diameter the drill bit in its undivided composition is significantly larger than the inner diameter of the pipe shoe or pipe.
  • the drill bit according to the invention can be unlocked by means of an unlocking bolt, can be dismantled into connected individual elements and can be removed by means of the unlocking bolt through the pipe shoe.
  • These connected individual elements of the drill bit form in particular the entirety formed by the drill head elements, the drill head ring, locking pin and the retaining sleeve, wherein a drill head element is formed in each case from a roll bit holder, to which a roll chisel is attached and a pull rod, by means of which the roll bit holder on the drill head ring in particular displaceable is attached.
  • the pipe shoe and the unlocking bolt are not part of the drill head ring.
  • the invention makes it possible in a simple manner, a built-in subsoil component, such as a sleeve tube or a icing tube, in the pipe - and thus in the ground - to insert after the drill bit was removed with the chisels through the pipe, the tube but remains in the ground with the pipe shoe.
  • a built-in subsoil component such as a sleeve tube or a icing tube
  • the particular advantage is that the drill bit according to the invention, a technically demanding and expensive construction, after use very easy to remove and thus reusable.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the drill head ring is designed such that in the same unlocking bolt is inserted, with which the means for releasing is triggered.
  • the drill head ring is preferably sleeve-shaped.
  • the drill head ring is cylindrical and can be arranged centrally in the pipe shoe.
  • the unlocking bolt is attached as a head construction on a component to be inserted into the tube, in particular on a linkage.
  • the release bolt reaches the drill bit and inserted into its drill collar is automatically locked the unlocking bolt with the drill head ring and it is also automatically the drill bit separated from the pipe, so triggered the means for loosening.
  • the drill bit can be pulled out of the ground by means of the unlocking bolt without the pipe while the pipe remains in the ground.
  • at least the drill bit can be reused, resulting in great economic benefits, especially in expensive drill bits.
  • the invention provides that a number of drill head elements are arranged on the drill head ring, each drill head element each comprising a roller bit holder, wherein a roller bit is arranged on each roller bit holder. This succeeds in a simple manner the formation of a drill bit, which can be unlocked, disassembled into connected individual elements and can be removed by means of an unlocking bolt through the pipe shoe. Particularly preferred three drill head elements are arranged on the drill head ring.
  • the invention further provides that in the transverse direction, the largest dimension of a drill head element is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill head ring.
  • the drill head ring and each of the drill head elements can be removed through the pipe shoe, with the pipe and the pipe shoe remaining in the ground.
  • the outer diameter of the totality of the locked drill head elements is greater than the outer diameter of the pipe shoe, whereby a particularly effective bore is made possible because the friction of the pipe shoe and the pipe in the ground is very low.
  • very deep holes are to be accomplished, according to the invention still the drill bit after Festig ein the hole from the ground can be removed, with tube shoe and tube can remain in the ground.
  • each roller chisel holder axially displaceable in each case by means of a pull rod, in particular with a stop, on Drill head ring is attached.
  • different tie rods have different lengths, so that in the unlocked state of the drill head ring of the drill head ring and in particular a plurality of drill head elements, in particular three drill head elements are successively removed through the pipe shoe. It is particularly advantageous that for this purpose only a single tool, namely the unlocking bolt, is required. Characterized in that different tie rods have different lengths, it is possible that the removal of the unlocked roller chisel holder automatically takes place successively. Particularly preferably, the difference in the lengths of two tie rods is approximately equal to the length of a roll chisel holder.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that the means for releasing the detachable connection between the drill head ring and the pipe shoe comprises a number of radially displaceable locking bolts.
  • a locking bolt is displaceable from a locking first position to an unlocking second position.
  • the locking bolts can be pulled out of corresponding recesses of the pipe shoe.
  • the release of the drill bit from the pipe shoe is therefore particularly easy.
  • a secure connection between pipe shoe and drill bit in the locking position is possible.
  • the number of locking bolts is preferably designed in such a way that, in its locking first position, it projects at least partially radially relative to an outer wall of a drill head collar and does not protrude radially in its unlocking second position relative to the outer wall of the drill head collar.
  • the inner diameter of the pipe shoe is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the corresponding drill head ring. A positive and very viable connection between pipe shoe and drill bit in the locking position is therefore particularly easy.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the means for releasing the releasable connection between the drill head ring and the pipe shoe comprises a release sleeve causing the holding sleeve, which is arranged in the drill head ring.
  • the retaining sleeve is preferably axially displaceable for triggering the unlocking between the locking first position and the unlocking second position.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the number of radially displaceable locking bolts is biased by spring force such that it is displaceable upon release from a locking first position to an unlocking second position.
  • the locking bolt is preferably biased by a coil spring, whereby the invention is easy to preload and compact buildable.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that in a lower base of the drill head ring a number of horizontal bores is arranged, wherein in a horizontal bore a fixing ball is arranged, which is fixable in locking position by means of the holding sleeve in the inside ball recesses of the roller bit holder and in unlocking position can be brought by means of the inner wall of the roller bit holder in an outside recess of the retaining sleeve.
  • the tube bit holders are particularly preferably arranged alternately with fixing strips of the drill head ring, so that in the locked state the tube bit holders together with the fixing strips form a sleeve, which is located between drill head ring and tube shoe can be fixed.
  • very high torques can be transmitted from the pipe via the pipe shoe to the drill bit in the locked state.
  • the drill head ring is provided with a cone for simplified insertion of the release bolt.
  • the introduction of the unlocking bolt is simplified because the unlocking bolt is automatically centered.
  • the head of the unlocking bolt itself has a conical shape and / or a fillet, whereby not only the introduction of the unlocking bolt into the drill head ring, but also the axial passage of the unlocking bolt through the pipe is particularly simplified.
  • the outer wall of the roll chisel holder is designed to be conical, that the outer diameter is larger down, while the corresponding inner wall of the pipe collar of the pipe shoe is formed conically, that the inner diameter of the pipe collar also increases downwards , As a result, the roll chisel holder are wedged firmly in the assembled, locked state between drill head ring and pipe rim.
  • the method according to the invention for releasing a drill bit having a number of roller bits for drilling a ground from a pipe shoe in a sunk state is particularly suitable for releasing a drill bit according to the invention from a pipe shoe.
  • a connection between a drill head ring of the drill bit and the pipe shoe is solved internally by a releasing the drill bit triggering unlocking bolt is inserted into the drill head ring. It must not be accessed from the outside on the drill bit or on the transition region of the pipe shoe to the drill bit, whereby the drill bit after completion of the hole in connected individual elements can be dismantled and by means of Entriegelungsbolts through the pipe shoe and the pipe through in its installed state is removable.
  • the drill bit can be removed without having to pull the pipe from the ground. This allows a particularly effective bore, because the friction of the pipe shoe and the pipe in the ground is very low, which are very deep holes to accomplish. Due to the fact that the drill bit is removed from the ground after the hole has been fixed, while the pipe shoe and pipe can remain in the ground, the drill bit is available for further use.
  • the method according to the invention provides that, by inserting the unlocking bolt into the drill head collar, first a retaining sleeve arranged therein is displaced axially from a locking first position into an unlocking second position to trigger the unlocking, whereby the drill head collar is automatically unlocked from the pipe shoe.
  • the unlocking bolt is locked to the drill head ring and then the drill head ring and successively the attached chisel are removed by means of corresponding tie rods of different lengths through the pipe shoe. It is particularly advantageous that for this purpose only a single tool, namely the unlocking bolt, is required. By using tie rods of different lengths, it is possible for the removal of the unlocked roll bit holders to be carried out automatically in succession.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that a number of radially displaceable and prestressed locking bolts are unlocked by the axial displacement of the retaining sleeve from the locking first position to the unlocking second position, whereby the locking bolt from a locking first position into an unlocking second Move position, wherein in the unlocking second position of the drill head ring is unlocked from the pipe shoe and the Unlocking bolt is locked to the drill head ring by means of the locking bolt.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that an unlocking bolt is used, which has a collar whose outer diameter is greater than the inner diameter of the retaining sleeve and whose inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the retaining sleeve and that by inserting the unlocking bolt in the drill head ring the retaining sleeve arranged therein is displaced axially from the locking first position into the unlocking second position for triggering the unlocking.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the number of locking bolts in its locking first position with respect to an outer wall of a drill collar at least partially survive radially and not radially project in its unlocking second position relative to the outer wall of the drill collar.
  • the inner diameter of the pipe shoe is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the corresponding drill head ring. A positive and very viable connection between the pipe and drill bit in the locking position is therefore particularly easy.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a drill bit 1 according to the invention, which is to be used for producing a vertical wellbore in a subsoil, not shown.
  • a tubular shoe 2 with a thread 2.1 for connection to a pipe (not shown) and an unlocking bolt 5 are shown in longitudinal section.
  • the pipe shoe 2 is a lower end of a pipe, the other elements are not shown.
  • the drill bit 1 comprises a first drill head element 1.1, a second drill head element 1.2, a third drill head element 1.3, a drill head ring 1.4, locking bolt 3 and a holding sleeve 4.
  • the tube shoe 2 and the unlocking bolt 5 are not elements of the drill bit 1.
  • the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 are releasably secured to the drill head ring 1.4 and are in a locked state.
  • the drill head ring 1.4 is releasably secured in the pipe shoe 2 and is also in a locked state. In this locked state, the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 rotatably connected to the pipe shoe 2.
  • the first drill head element 1.1 comprises a first roller chisel 1.1.1, a first roller chisel holder 1.1.2, in which a first ball groove 1.1.2.1 is arranged, and a first pull rod 1.1.3, not shown here.
  • the second drill head element 1.2 comprises a second roller chisel 1.2.1, a second roller chisel holder 1.2.2, in which a second ball recess 1.2.2.1, not shown here, is arranged, and a second pull rod 1.2.3.
  • the third drill head element 1.3 comprises a third roller chisel 1.3.1 (not shown here), a third roller chisel holder 1.3.2, not shown here, in which a third ball depression 1.3.2.1, not shown here, is arranged, and a third pull rod 1.3, not shown here. third
  • the roller chisel 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 rotatably connected to the pipe shoe 2, so that the pipe shoe 2 as a conventionally equipped with roller chisel pipe for drilling a particular rocky ground in a conventional manner usable is.
  • the drill head ring 1.4 and each of the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 can be removed through the pipe shoe (2), since in the transverse direction the largest dimension of a drill head element 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill head ring 1.4, which in turn is slightly smaller is as the inner diameter of the pipe shoe. 2
  • Each roller chisel holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 is in each case by means of a Pull rod 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 axially slidably mounted on the drill head ring 1.4.
  • Different drawbars 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 have different lengths, so that in the unlocked state of the drill head ring 1.4, first the drill head ring 1.4 and then the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 successively, but contiguously, through the pipe shoe 2 removed are.
  • Each pull rod 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 is connected with its lower end fixed to the corresponding roller chisel holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2.
  • Each pull rod 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 is guided in each case by a vertical bore 1.4.4, in which case only a vertical bore 1.4.4 is shown.
  • the upper end of each tie rod 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 has a thickening, whose outer diameter is greater than the inner diameter of the vertical bore 1.4.4, so that a displaceability of a roll chisel holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3. 2 with respect to the drill head ring 1.4 by the length of the respective tie rod 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 is determined and limited.
  • the number of radially displaceable locking bolts 3 form a means for releasing the detachable connection between the drill head ring 1.4 and the pipe shoe 2.
  • the locking bolts 3 are displaceable from a locking first position shown here in an unlocking second position, not shown in this figure.
  • the locking bolts 3 are at least partially radially over in their locking first position relative to a cylindrical outer wall of the drill head ring 1.4; in their unlocking second position they are not radially over against the outer wall of the drill head ring 1.4.
  • the illustration shows only one of the locking bolt 3, which are each mounted radially displaceable and each by means of a fixing plate 3.3 in the drill head ring 1.4.
  • the fixing plates 3.3 are not opposite to the outer wall of the drill head ring 1.4 to the outside.
  • the locking bolts 3 are here in their locking first position, in which they protrude over the outer wall of Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 partially radially and engage in the corresponding inside recesses 2.2.2 of the pipe collar 2.2 of the pipe shoe 2, so that this particular in the axial direction relative to the Drill head ring 1.4 and thus fixed relative to the drill bit 1.
  • Each locking bolt 3 is fixedly connected to a base plate 3.1, which is acted upon by means of a prestressed coil spring 3.2 with an inwardly, radially on an outer wall of a retaining sleeve 4, directed pressure force.
  • the holding sleeve 4 has an outer diameter which is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the drill head ring 1.4.
  • the substantially hollow cylindrical drill head ring 1.4 is provided with three continuous horizontal holes 1.4.1, one of which is shown.
  • the horizontal bores 1.4.1 are in a hollow cylindrical Base 1.4.2 below the arrangement of the locking bolt 3 in the lower region of the drill head ring 1.4.
  • a fixing ball 1.4.5 is arranged, whose diameter is greater than the wall of the base 1.4.2.
  • the illustrated fixing ball 1.4.5 lies in the locking state on the inside on the outer wall of the holding sleeve 4 and protrudes externally into a corresponding first ball recess 1.1.2.1 of the first roller chisel holder 1.1.2, that the first roller chisel holder 1.1.2 in the locking state between the Pipe wreath 2.2 of the pipe shoe 2 and the base 1.4.2 of the drill head ring 1.4 is positively fixed, since the drill head ring 1.4 is locked in the locking state itself by means of the locking bolt 3 with the pipe shoe 2.
  • a recess 4.1 is arranged, which is designed as a circumferential groove such that when moving the retaining sleeve 4 down the fixing balls 1.4.5 inside, ie in the recess 4.1 inside, are displaceable.
  • the positive connection between base 1.4.2 and the roller chisel holders 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 is achieved.
  • the retaining sleeve 4 is secured against unintentional displacement; Optionally, this backup is done by clamping in the drill head ring 1.4.
  • the base 1.4.2 is conically tapered downwardly on the outside, while the roller chisel holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 have a corresponding shape such that their inner radius also decreases downwards. This ensures that after unlocking the drill head ring 1.4 can be easily pulled up, while - at least at the beginning of removal - the roller chisel holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 remain in their position shown here or at most slightly axially after move inside.
  • the tube ring 2.2 has a conical lower tube edge 2.2.1, the shape of which corresponds to outer edges of the roller bit holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2, so that when removing one of the roller bit holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3. 2 upwards automatically threading in the direction of the center of the pipe shoe 2 takes place.
  • the top of the FIG. 1 Unlocking bolt 5 shown has in its area shown below a collar 5.1 whose outer diameter is greater than that of the cylindrical base body of the unlocking pin 5.
  • the outer diameter of the collar 5.1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the drill head ring 1.4 and larger than the inner diameter of the retaining sleeve 4th Am front, ie lower portion of the release bolt 5 is a valve ball 5.2 clamped by means of a valve spring 5.3 against a bolted to the unlocking bolt 5 head 5.4, so that a Non-return valve is formed, through which a fluid under sufficient pressure can be flowed out of the head 5.4, wherein an influx of a fluid through the head 5.4 in the unlocking pin 5 is prevented, however.
  • a bottom 1.4.3 of the drill head ring 1.4 is provided with a bore.
  • the unlocking pin 5 has at its end shown above an internal thread, with which it can be connected to another component, in particular with a linkage for insertion or with a sleeve tube or an icing, so that the unlocking pin 5 with valve ball 5.2, valve spring 5.3 and head 5.4 can form a lance head for the sleeve tube or the icing tube.
  • the unlocking bolt 5 serves to trigger the unlocking of the drill head 1 from the pipe shoe 2 and enter into a locking with the drill head ring 1.4, so that the unlocked from the pipe shoe 2 drill head 1 can be removed through the pipe shoe 2, when the hole is completed in the ground.
  • the pipe shoe 2 itself remains in the ground.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a drill head ring 1.4 with three bars 1.4.7, of which two bars 1.4.7 are visible here.
  • the strips are axially arranged outside of the base 1.4.2 and serve to fix the roller bit holder 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1, not shown here, wherein in each case one of the roller bit holder 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 so between two bars 1.4.7 can be arranged that in the locked state, the three substantially cup-shaped roller chisel holder 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 together with the three bars 1.4.7 form a sleeve-like structure.
  • each of the roller chisel holder 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 locked state by means of two fixing balls 1.4.5 locked.
  • the second pull rod 1.2.3 hangs in one of the vertical bores 1.4.4., Which is formed in the region of the base 1.4.2 as a slot.
  • FIG. 3 shows a greatly simplified schematic bottom view for the locked state of the mounted drill bit 1 with the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, each of the rolling chisels 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1, the roll chisel holders 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 and the tie rods 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 are formed.
  • the tube ring 2.2 Above the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, the tube ring 2.2 is shown, whose outer diameter is significantly smaller than the outer diameter of the group of roller chisel 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1, whereby a hole can be made, in which a very low skin friction occurs.
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of the above-described drill bit 1 according to the invention in the unlocked state. Apart from the drill bit 1, the tube shoe 2 and the unlocking bolt 5 are shown, which is locked to the drill head ring 1.4.
  • the tube 2 connected to the pipe is not shown.
  • the retaining sleeve 4 is moved by means of the unlocking pin 5 in the drill head ring 1.4 axially downwards, whereby the locking pin 3 and the foot plates 3.1 are pressed radially inward.
  • the unlocking bolt 5 is locked to the drill head ring 1.4 and on the other hand the drill head ring 1.4 is unlocked from the pipe shoe 2.
  • the drill head ring 1.4 forms individual elements connected to the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 in the released state shown.
  • the unlocked drill bit 1 by means of Entriegelungsbolzens 5, the adjoining linkage is not shown, through the pipe shoe 2 through, namely first the drill head ring 1.4, then the first drill head element 1.1, the first drawbar 1.1.3 the shortest of the tie rods 1.1. 3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3, then the second drill head element 1.2, the second drawbar 1.2.3 is the second longest of the tie rods 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 and then the third drill head element 1.3, not shown here, the third pull rod 1.3.3 is the longest of the pull rods 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Bohrkrone mit einer Anzahl von Rollmeißeln zum Bohren eines Baugrundes und ein Verfahren zum Lösen einer eine Anzahl von Rollmeißeln zum Bohren eines Baugrundes aufweisenden Bohrkrone von einem Rohrschuh in abgeteuftem Zustand.The invention relates to a drill bit with a number of rolling chisels for drilling a subsoil and a method for releasing a drill bit having a number of chisels for drilling a subsoil from a pipe shoe in the sunk state.

Im Stand der Technik sind Bohrkronen mit einer Anzahl von Rollmeißeln zum Bohren eines Baugrundes bekannt. Derartige Bohrkronen werden jeweils an einem unteren Ende eines Rohres befestigt. Derartige Rohre, mit denen Drehbewegung und Vorschub auf die jeweilige Bohrkrone übertragen werden und die daher fest mit der Bohrkrone verbunden sein müssen, werden auch als Bohrgestänge oder als Bohrrohre bezeichnet.In the prior art drill bits are known with a number of rolling chisels for drilling a ground. Such drill bits are each attached to a lower end of a pipe. Such pipes, with which rotary motion and feed are transmitted to the respective drill bit and therefore must be firmly connected to the drill bit, are also referred to as drill pipes or as drill pipes.

Als Rohrschuh wird im Folgenden ein unteres Ende eines Rohres verstanden. Der Rohrschuh ist bevorzugt als gesondertes Bauteil ausgebildet, das mit einem herkömmlichen Rundrohr beispielsweise mittels Verschraubung verbindbar ist.As a pipe shoe is understood below a lower end of a pipe. The pipe shoe is preferably formed as a separate component which can be connected to a conventional round tube, for example by means of screwing.

Im Stand der Technik sind Verfahren zum Lösen einer eine Anzahl von Rollmeißeln zum Bohren eines Baugrundes aufweisenden Bohrkrone von einem Rohr bekannt. Dabei kann das Lösen der Bohrkrone von dem Rohr in abgeteuftem Zustand jedoch nicht mehr erfolgen. Da bei tieferen Bohrungen üblicherweise die aus Bohrkrone und Rohr gebildete Gesamtheit nicht mehr aus dem Baugrund gezogen werden kann, insbesondere nicht, wenn der Durchmesser der Bohrkrone größer ist als der des Rohres, muss im Stand der Technik das Rohr im Baugrund verbleiben. Alternativ werden im Stand der Technik aufwendige Doppelgestänge verwendet oder es wird ein technisch aufwendiges Doppelkopfverfahren zum Bohren angewendet.Methods are known in the art for releasing a drill bit from a pipe having a number of rolling bits for drilling a ground. In this case, however, the release of the drill bit from the pipe in abgegegeuftem state no longer occur. Since with deeper holes usually the entirety formed from drill bit and pipe can not be pulled out of the ground, especially not if the diameter of the drill bit is larger than that of the pipe, the pipe must remain in the ground. Alternatively, elaborate double linkages are used in the prior art or a technically complex double head method is used for drilling.

Aus der US 3 169 592 ist eine Bohrkrone mit einer Anzahl von Rollmeißeln zum Bohren eines Baugrundes bekannt, wobei die Anzahl von Rollmeißeln an einem Bohrkopfkranz der Bohrkrone angeordnet ist und wobei ein Mittel zum Lösen einer lösbaren Verbindung zwischen dem Bohrkopfkranz und einem Rohrschuh angeordnet ist, so dass die Bohrkrone in gelöstem Zustand in Einzelelemente zerlegbar ist.From the US 3,169,592 a drill bit with a number of rolling chisels for drilling a ground is known, wherein the number of rolling chisels on a drill head ring of the drill bit is arranged and wherein a means for releasing a detachable connection between the drill head ring and a pipe shoe is arranged, so that the drill bit in dissolved Condition can be dismantled into individual elements.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine verbesserte Bohrkrone mit einer Anzahl von Rollmeißeln zum Bohren eines Baugrundes und ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Lösen einer eine Anzahl von Rollmeißeln zum Bohren eines Baugrundes aufweisenden Bohrkrone von einem Rohrschuh anzugeben.The invention is based on the object to provide an improved drill bit with a number of rolling chisels for drilling a ground and an improved method for releasing a drill bit having a number of rolling chisels for drilling a ground from a pipe shoe.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß hinsichtlich der Bohrkrone durch die Merkmalskombination nach Anspruch 1 und hinsichtlich des Verfahrens durch die Merkmalskombination nach Anspruch 10 gelöst.The object is achieved with respect to the drill bit by the combination of features according to claim 1 and with respect to the method by the combination of features according to claim 10.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Bei der Bohrkrone mit einer Anzahl von Rollmeißeln zum Bohren eines Baugrundes ist erfindungsgemäß die Anzahl von Rollmeißeln an einem Bohrkopfkranz der Bohrkrone angeordnet und es ist am Bohrkopfkranz ein Mittel zum internen Lösen einer lösbaren Verbindung zwischen dem Bohrkopfkranz und einem Rohrschuh angeordnet. Unter internem Lösen ist ein solches Lösen zu verstehen, bei dem nicht von außen auf die Bohrkrone oder auf den Übergangsbereich des Rohrschuhs zur Bohrkrone zugegriffen werden muss. Das interne Lösen der Verbindung zwischen dem Bohrkopfkranz und dem Rohrschuh ermöglicht es in besonders vorteilhafter Weise, dass eine gelöste und in verbundene Einzelelemente zerlegte Bohrkrone durch den im Baugrund befindlichen Rohrschuh und ein sehr langes, sich ebenfalls im Baugrund befindliches Rohr entnehmbar ist, obwohl der Außendurchmesser der Bohrkrone in ihrer unzerlegten Zusammensetzung deutlich größer ist als der Innendurchmesser des Rohrschuhs oder des Rohres.
Die erfindungsgemäße Bohrkrone ist mittels eines Entriegelungsbolzens entriegelbar, in verbundene Einzelelemente zerlegbar und mittels des Entriegelungsbolzens durch den Rohrschuh hindurch entnehmbar. Diese verbundenen Einzelelemente der Bohrkrone bilden insbesondere die aus den Bohrkopfelementen, dem Bohrkopfkranz, Verriegelungsbolzen und der Haltehülse gebildete Gesamtheit, wobei ein Bohrkopfelement jeweils gebildet ist aus einem Rollmeißelhalter, an welchem ein Rollmeißel befestigt ist und einer Zugstange, mittels welcher der Rollmeißelhalter am Bohrkopfkranz insbesondere verschieblich befestigt ist. Der Rohrschuh und der Entriegelungsbolzen sind nicht Bestandteil des Bohrkopfkranzes.In the drill bit with a number of rolling chisels for drilling a ground, according to the invention, the number of rolling chisels on a drill head ring of the drill bit arranged and it is arranged on the drill head ring means for internally releasing a detachable connection between the drill head ring and a pipe shoe. Internal release is to be understood as meaning a release in which it is not necessary to access the drill bit or the transition region of the tube shoe to the drill bit from the outside. The internal release of the connection between the drill head ring and the pipe shoe makes it possible in a particularly advantageous manner that a dissolved and disassembled individual elements drill bit can be removed through the pipe shoe located in the ground and a very long, also located in the ground pipe, although the outer diameter the drill bit in its undivided composition is significantly larger than the inner diameter of the pipe shoe or pipe.
The drill bit according to the invention can be unlocked by means of an unlocking bolt, can be dismantled into connected individual elements and can be removed by means of the unlocking bolt through the pipe shoe. These connected individual elements of the drill bit form in particular the entirety formed by the drill head elements, the drill head ring, locking pin and the retaining sleeve, wherein a drill head element is formed in each case from a roll bit holder, to which a roll chisel is attached and a pull rod, by means of which the roll bit holder on the drill head ring in particular displaceable is attached. The pipe shoe and the unlocking bolt are not part of the drill head ring.

Durch die Erfindung wird auf einfache Weise ermöglicht, ein in den Baugrund einzubauendes Bauteil, beispielsweise ein Manschettenrohr oder ein Vereisungsrohr, in das Rohr - und damit in den Baugrund - einzuschieben, nachdem die Bohrkrone mit den Rollmeißeln durch das Rohr hindurch entfernt wurde, das Rohr mit dem Rohrschuh jedoch dabei im Baugrund verbleibt.The invention makes it possible in a simple manner, a built-in subsoil component, such as a sleeve tube or a icing tube, in the pipe - and thus in the ground - to insert after the drill bit was removed with the chisels through the pipe, the tube but remains in the ground with the pipe shoe.

Der besondere Vorteil ist, dass die erfindungsgemäße Bohrkrone, eine technisch anspruchvolle und teure Konstruktion, nach Benutzung sehr einfach ausbaubar und damit wieder verwendbar ist.The particular advantage is that the drill bit according to the invention, a technically demanding and expensive construction, after use very easy to remove and thus reusable.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Bohrkopfkranz derart ausgebildet ist, dass in denselben der Entriegelungsbolzen einführbar ist, mit welchem das Mittel zum Lösen ausgelöst wird. Der Bohrkopfkranz ist bevorzugt hülsenförmig ausgebildet. Besonders bevorzugt ist der Bohrkopfkranz zylindrisch und zentrisch in dem Rohrschuh anordbar.A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the drill head ring is designed such that in the same unlocking bolt is inserted, with which the means for releasing is triggered. The drill head ring is preferably sleeve-shaped. Particularly preferably, the drill head ring is cylindrical and can be arranged centrally in the pipe shoe.

Dabei ist der Entriegelungsbolzen als Kopfkonstruktion an einem in das Rohr einzuschiebenden Bauteil, insbesondere an einem Gestänge, befestigt. Wenn der Entriegelungsbolzen die Bohrkrone erreicht und in dessen Bohrkopfkranz eingeführt wird, wird automatisch der Entriegelungsbolzen mit dem Bohrkopfkranz verriegelt und es wird außerdem automatisch die Bohrkrone vom Rohr getrennt, also das Mittel zum Lösen ausgelöst. Anschließend kann die Bohrkrone mittels des Entriegelungsbolzens ohne das Rohr aus dem Baugrund gezogen werden, während das Rohr im Baugrund verbleibt. Damit kann, anders als im Stand der Technik, zumindest die Bohrkrone wiederverwendet werden, woraus sich insbesondere bei teuren Bohrkronen große wirtschaftliche Vorteile ergeben.In this case, the unlocking bolt is attached as a head construction on a component to be inserted into the tube, in particular on a linkage. When the release bolt reaches the drill bit and inserted into its drill collar is automatically locked the unlocking bolt with the drill head ring and it is also automatically the drill bit separated from the pipe, so triggered the means for loosening. Subsequently, the drill bit can be pulled out of the ground by means of the unlocking bolt without the pipe while the pipe remains in the ground. Thus, unlike in the prior art, at least the drill bit can be reused, resulting in great economic benefits, especially in expensive drill bits.

Die Erfindung sieht vor, dass am Bohrkopfkranz eine Anzahl von Bohrkopfelementen angeordnet ist, wobei jedes Bohrkopfelement jeweils einen Rollmeißelhalter umfasst, wobei an jedem Rollmeißelhalter jeweils ein Rollmeißel angeordnet ist. Dadurch gelingt auf einfache Weise die Bildung einer Bohrkrone, welche entriegelbar, in verbundene Einzelelemente zerlegbar und mittels eines Entriegelungsbolzens durch den Rohrschuh hindurch entnehmbar ist. Besonders bevorzugt sind an dem Bohrkopfkranz drei Bohrkopfelemente angeordnet.The invention provides that a number of drill head elements are arranged on the drill head ring, each drill head element each comprising a roller bit holder, wherein a roller bit is arranged on each roller bit holder. This succeeds in a simple manner the formation of a drill bit, which can be unlocked, disassembled into connected individual elements and can be removed by means of an unlocking bolt through the pipe shoe. Particularly preferred three drill head elements are arranged on the drill head ring.

Die Erfindung sieht weiterhin vor, dass in Querrichtung die größte Abmessung eines Bohrkopfelementes kleiner als der Außendurchmesser des Bohrkopfkranzes ist. Dadurch sind im entriegelten Zustand der Bohrkopfkranz und jedes der Bohrkopfelemente durch den Rohrschuh hindurch entnehmbar, wobei das Rohr und der Rohrschuh im Baugrund verbleiben. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei, dass der Außendurchmesser der Gesamtheit der verriegelten Bohrkopfelemente größer ist als der Außendurchmesser des Rohrschuhs, wodurch eine besonders effektive Bohrung ermöglicht ist, weil die Reibung des Rohrschuhs und des Rohres im Baugrund sehr gering ist. Dadurch sind sehr tiefe Bohrungen zu bewerkstelligen, wobei erfindungsgemäß dennoch die Bohrkrone nach Festigstellung der Bohrung aus dem Baugrund entnehmbar ist, wobei Rohrschuh und Rohr im Baugrund verbleiben können.The invention further provides that in the transverse direction, the largest dimension of a drill head element is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill head ring. As a result, in the unlocked state, the drill head ring and each of the drill head elements can be removed through the pipe shoe, with the pipe and the pipe shoe remaining in the ground. It is particularly advantageous that the outer diameter of the totality of the locked drill head elements is greater than the outer diameter of the pipe shoe, whereby a particularly effective bore is made possible because the friction of the pipe shoe and the pipe in the ground is very low. As a result, very deep holes are to be accomplished, according to the invention still the drill bit after Festigstellung the hole from the ground can be removed, with tube shoe and tube can remain in the ground.

Die Erfindung sieht zudem vor, dass jeder Rollmeißelhalter jeweils mittels einer Zugstange axial verschiebbar, insbesondere mit einem Anschlag, am Bohrkopfkranz befestigt ist. Dabei weisen unterschiedliche Zugstangen unterschiedliche Längen auf, so dass im entriegelten Zustand des Bohrkopfkranzes der Bohrkopfkranz und insbesondere eine Vielzahl von Bohrkopfelementen, insbesondere drei Bohrkopfelemente, nacheinander durch den Rohrschuh entnehmbar sind. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei, dass dazu lediglich ein einziges Hilfsmittel, nämlich der Entriegelungsbolzen, erforderlich ist. Dadurch, dass unterschiedliche Zugstangen unterschiedliche Längen aufweisen, wird ermöglicht, dass die Entnahme der entriegelten Rollmeißelhalter automatisch nacheinander erfolgt. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Differenz der Längen zweier Zugstangen etwa gleich der Länge eines Rollmeißelhalters.The invention also provides that each roller chisel holder axially displaceable in each case by means of a pull rod, in particular with a stop, on Drill head ring is attached. In this case, different tie rods have different lengths, so that in the unlocked state of the drill head ring of the drill head ring and in particular a plurality of drill head elements, in particular three drill head elements are successively removed through the pipe shoe. It is particularly advantageous that for this purpose only a single tool, namely the unlocking bolt, is required. Characterized in that different tie rods have different lengths, it is possible that the removal of the unlocked roller chisel holder automatically takes place successively. Particularly preferably, the difference in the lengths of two tie rods is approximately equal to the length of a roll chisel holder.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Mittel zum Lösen der lösbaren Verbindung zwischen dem Bohrkopfkranz und dem Rohrschuh eine Anzahl radial verschieblicher Verriegelungsbolzen umfasst. Ein Verriegelungsbolzen ist dabei von einer verriegelnden ersten Position in eine entriegelnde zweite Position verschiebbar. Die Verriegelungsbolzen sind dazu aus korrespondierenden Vertiefungen des Rohrschuhs herausziehbar. Das Lösen der Bohrkrone vom Rohrschuh ist dadurch besonders einfach möglich. Außerdem ist dadurch eine sichere Verbindung zwischen Rohrschuh und Bohrkrone in verriegelnder Position möglich.A further embodiment of the invention provides that the means for releasing the detachable connection between the drill head ring and the pipe shoe comprises a number of radially displaceable locking bolts. A locking bolt is displaceable from a locking first position to an unlocking second position. The locking bolts can be pulled out of corresponding recesses of the pipe shoe. The release of the drill bit from the pipe shoe is therefore particularly easy. In addition, a secure connection between pipe shoe and drill bit in the locking position is possible.

Bevorzugt ist dabei die Anzahl von Verriegelungsbolzen derart ausgebildet, dass sie in ihrer verriegelnden ersten Position gegenüber einer Außenwandung eines Bohrkopfkranzes zumindest teilweise radial überstehen und in ihrer entriegelnden zweiten Position gegenüber der Außenwandung des Bohrkopfkranzes nicht radial überstehen. Besonders bevorzugt ist der Innendurchmesser des Rohrschuhs geringfügig größer als der Außendurchmesser des korrespondierenden Bohrkopfkranzes. Eine formschlüssige und sehr tragfähige Verbindung zwischen Rohrschuh und Bohrkrone in verriegelnder Position ist dadurch besonders einfach möglich.In this case, the number of locking bolts is preferably designed in such a way that, in its locking first position, it projects at least partially radially relative to an outer wall of a drill head collar and does not protrude radially in its unlocking second position relative to the outer wall of the drill head collar. Particularly preferably, the inner diameter of the pipe shoe is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the corresponding drill head ring. A positive and very viable connection between pipe shoe and drill bit in the locking position is therefore particularly easy.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Mittel zum Lösen der lösbaren Verbindung zwischen dem Bohrkopfkranz und dem Rohrschuh eine das Auslösen der Entriegelung bewirkende Haltehülse umfasst, die in dem Bohrkopfkranz angeordnet ist. Die Haltehülse ist bevorzugt zur Auslösung der Entriegelung zwischen der verriegelnden ersten Position und der entriegelnden zweiten Position axial verschiebbar. Dadurch ist das Lösen der Bohrkrone von dem Rohrschuh besonders einfach möglich.A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the means for releasing the releasable connection between the drill head ring and the pipe shoe comprises a release sleeve causing the holding sleeve, which is arranged in the drill head ring. The retaining sleeve is preferably axially displaceable for triggering the unlocking between the locking first position and the unlocking second position. As a result, the release of the drill bit of the pipe shoe is particularly easy.

Eine andere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Anzahl radial verschieblicher Verriegelungsbolzen durch Federkraft derart vorgespannt ist, dass diese beim Auslösen von einer verriegelnden ersten Position in eine entriegelnde zweite Position verschiebbar ist. Dadurch gelingt das Lösen der Bohrkrone von dem Rohrschuh mit besonders geringer Kraftaufwendung und damit auch bei sehr großen Bohrtiefen besonders einfach. Der Verriegelungsbolzen ist bevorzugt durch eine Schraubenfeder vorgespannt, wodurch die Erfindung einfach vorspannbar und kompakt baubar ist.Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the number of radially displaceable locking bolts is biased by spring force such that it is displaceable upon release from a locking first position to an unlocking second position. As a result, the release of the drill bit from the pipe shoe with a particularly low expenditure of force and thus very easy even with very large drilling depths succeeds. The locking bolt is preferably biased by a coil spring, whereby the invention is easy to preload and compact buildable.

Eine andere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass in einem unteren Sockel des Bohrkopfkranzes eine Anzahl von Horizontalbohrungen angeordnet ist, wobei in einer Horizontalbohrung eine Fixierkugel angeordnet ist, die in verriegelnder Position mittels der Haltehülse in innenseitige Kugelvertiefungen der Rollmeißelhalter fixierbar ist und in entriegelnder Position mittels der Innenwandung der Rollmeißelhalter in eine außenseitige Ausnehmung der Haltehülse bringbar ist. Dadurch ist auf einfache Weise ermöglicht, dass im verriegelten Zustand jeder Rollmeißelhalter drehsicher formschlüssig zwischen Bohrkopfkranz und Rohrschuh fixiert ist, während der Bohrkopfkranz selbst mit dem Rohrschuh mittels der Verriegelungsbolzen verriegelt ist. Besonders bevorzugt sind im verriegelten Zustand die Rohrmeißelhalter alternierend mit Fixierleisten des Bohrkopfkranzes angeordnet, so dass im verriegelten Zustand die Rohrmeißelhalter mit den Fixierleisten gemeinsam eine Hülse bilden, welche zwischen Bohrkopfkranz und Rohrschuh fixierbar ist. Dadurch können im verriegelten Zustand sehr hohe Drehmomente vom Rohr über den Rohrschuh auf die Bohrkrone übertragen werden.Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that in a lower base of the drill head ring a number of horizontal bores is arranged, wherein in a horizontal bore a fixing ball is arranged, which is fixable in locking position by means of the holding sleeve in the inside ball recesses of the roller bit holder and in unlocking position can be brought by means of the inner wall of the roller bit holder in an outside recess of the retaining sleeve. This makes it possible in a simple manner that in the locked state each roller chisel holder is rotationally fixed positively locked between drill head ring and pipe shoe, while the drill head ring is locked even with the pipe shoe by means of the locking bolt. In the locked state, the tube bit holders are particularly preferably arranged alternately with fixing strips of the drill head ring, so that in the locked state the tube bit holders together with the fixing strips form a sleeve, which is located between drill head ring and tube shoe can be fixed. As a result, very high torques can be transmitted from the pipe via the pipe shoe to the drill bit in the locked state.

Eine andere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Bohrkopfkranz mit einem Konus zur vereinfachten Einführung des Entriegelungsbolzens versehen ist. Die Einführung des Entriegelungsbolzens ist dadurch vereinfacht, da der Entriegelungsbolzen automatisch zentriert wird. Besonders bevorzugt weist auch der Kopf des Entriegelungsbolzens selbst eine konische Form und/oder eine Ausrundung auf, wodurch nicht nur die Einführung des Entriegelungsbolzens in den Bohrkopfkranz, sondern auch die axiale Durchführung des Entriegelungsbolzens durch das Rohr besonders vereinfacht ist.Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the drill head ring is provided with a cone for simplified insertion of the release bolt. The introduction of the unlocking bolt is simplified because the unlocking bolt is automatically centered. Particularly preferably, the head of the unlocking bolt itself has a conical shape and / or a fillet, whereby not only the introduction of the unlocking bolt into the drill head ring, but also the axial passage of the unlocking bolt through the pipe is particularly simplified.

Eine andere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Außenwandung der Rollmeißelhalter derart konisch ausgebildet ist, dass der Außendurchmesser nach unten größer wird, während die korrespondierende Innenwandung des Rohrkranzes des Rohrschuhs derart konisch ausgebildet ist, dass sich der Innendurchmesser des Rohrkranzes nach unten ebenfalls vergrößert. Dadurch sind die Rollmeißelhalter im zusammengesetzten, verriegelten Zustand fest zwischen Bohrkopfkranz und Rohrkranz verkeilt.Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the outer wall of the roll chisel holder is designed to be conical, that the outer diameter is larger down, while the corresponding inner wall of the pipe collar of the pipe shoe is formed conically, that the inner diameter of the pipe collar also increases downwards , As a result, the roll chisel holder are wedged firmly in the assembled, locked state between drill head ring and pipe rim.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Lösen einer eine Anzahl von Rollmeißeln zum Bohren eines Baugrundes aufweisenden Bohrkrone von einem Rohrschuh in abgeteuftem Zustand ist insbesondere zum Lösen einer erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkrone von einem Rohrschuh geeignet. Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Verbindung zwischen einem Bohrkopfkranz der Bohrkrone und dem Rohrschuh intern gelöst, indem ein das Lösen der Bohrkrone auslösender Entriegelungsbolzen in den Bohrkopfkranz eingeführt wird. Dabei muss nicht von außen auf die Bohrkrone oder auf den Übergangsbereich des Rohrschuhs zur Bohrkrone zugegriffen werden, wodurch die Bohrkrone nach Fertigstellung der Bohrung in verbundene Einzelelemente zerlegbar und mittels des Entriegelungsbolzens durch den Rohrschuh und das Rohr hindurch in deren eingebautem Zustand entnehmbar ist. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei, dass auch wenn der Außendurchmesser der Gesamtheit der verriegelten Bohrkopfelemente größer ist als der Außendurchmesser des Rohrschuhs, die Bohrkrone entnehmbar ist, ohne das Rohr aus dem Baugrund ziehen zu müssen. Dadurch ist eine besonders effektive Bohrung ermöglicht, weil die Reibung des Rohrschuhs und des Rohres im Baugrund sehr gering ist, wodurch sehr tiefe Bohrungen zu bewerkstelligen sind. Dadurch, dass die Bohrkrone nach Festigstellung der Bohrung aus dem Baugrund entnommen wird, während Rohrschuh und Rohr im Baugrund verbleiben können, steht die Bohrkrone für eine weitere Benutzung zur Verfügung.The method according to the invention for releasing a drill bit having a number of roller bits for drilling a ground from a pipe shoe in a sunk state is particularly suitable for releasing a drill bit according to the invention from a pipe shoe. According to the invention, a connection between a drill head ring of the drill bit and the pipe shoe is solved internally by a releasing the drill bit triggering unlocking bolt is inserted into the drill head ring. It must not be accessed from the outside on the drill bit or on the transition region of the pipe shoe to the drill bit, whereby the drill bit after completion of the hole in connected individual elements can be dismantled and by means of Entriegelungsbolts through the pipe shoe and the pipe through in its installed state is removable. It is particularly advantageous that even if the outer diameter of the totality of the locked drill head elements is greater than the outer diameter of the pipe shoe, the drill bit can be removed without having to pull the pipe from the ground. This allows a particularly effective bore, because the friction of the pipe shoe and the pipe in the ground is very low, which are very deep holes to accomplish. Due to the fact that the drill bit is removed from the ground after the hole has been fixed, while the pipe shoe and pipe can remain in the ground, the drill bit is available for further use.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sieht vor, dass durch das Einführen des Entriegelungsbolzens in den Bohrkopfkranz zunächst eine darin angeordnete Haltehülse zur Auslösung der Entriegelung axial von einer verriegelnden ersten Position in eine entriegelnde zweite Position verschoben wird, wodurch der Bohrkopfkranz automatisch vom Rohrschuh entriegelt wird. Außerdem wird der Entriegelungsbolzen mit dem Bohrkopfkranz verriegelt und anschließend werden der Bohrkopfkranz und nacheinander die daran befestigten Rollmeißel mittels korrespondierender Zugstangen unterschiedlicher Länge durch den Rohrschuh entnommen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei, dass dazu lediglich ein einziges Hilfsmittel, nämlich der Entriegelungsbolzen, erforderlich ist. Dadurch, dass Zugstangen unterschiedlicher Längen verwendet werden, wird ermöglicht, dass die Entnahme der entriegelten Rollmeißelhalter automatisch nacheinander erfolgt.The method according to the invention provides that, by inserting the unlocking bolt into the drill head collar, first a retaining sleeve arranged therein is displaced axially from a locking first position into an unlocking second position to trigger the unlocking, whereby the drill head collar is automatically unlocked from the pipe shoe. In addition, the unlocking bolt is locked to the drill head ring and then the drill head ring and successively the attached chisel are removed by means of corresponding tie rods of different lengths through the pipe shoe. It is particularly advantageous that for this purpose only a single tool, namely the unlocking bolt, is required. By using tie rods of different lengths, it is possible for the removal of the unlocked roll bit holders to be carried out automatically in succession.

Eine Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht vor, dass durch das axiale Verschieben der Haltehülse von der verriegelnden ersten Position in die entriegelnde zweite Position eine Anzahl radial verschieblicher und unter Vorspannung stehender Verriegelungsbolzen entriegelt werden, wodurch sich die Verriegelungsbolzen von einer verriegelnden ersten Position in eine entriegelnde zweite Position verschieben, wobei in der entriegelnden zweiten Position der Bohrkopfkranz vom Rohrschuh entriegelt ist und der Entriegelungsbolzen mit dem Bohrkopfkranz mittels der Verriegelungsbolzen verriegelt ist.An embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that a number of radially displaceable and prestressed locking bolts are unlocked by the axial displacement of the retaining sleeve from the locking first position to the unlocking second position, whereby the locking bolt from a locking first position into an unlocking second Move position, wherein in the unlocking second position of the drill head ring is unlocked from the pipe shoe and the Unlocking bolt is locked to the drill head ring by means of the locking bolt.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht vor, dass ein Entriegelungsbolzen verwendet wird, der einen Kragen aufweist, dessen Außendurchmesser größer ist als der Innendurchmesser der Haltehülse und dessen Innendurchmesser kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser der Haltehülse und dass durch das Einführen des Entriegelungsbolzens in den Bohrkopfkranz die darin angeordnete Haltehülse zur Auslösung der Entriegelung axial von der verriegelnden ersten Position in die entriegelnde zweite Position verschoben wird.A further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that an unlocking bolt is used, which has a collar whose outer diameter is greater than the inner diameter of the retaining sleeve and whose inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the retaining sleeve and that by inserting the unlocking bolt in the drill head ring the retaining sleeve arranged therein is displaced axially from the locking first position into the unlocking second position for triggering the unlocking.

Eine andere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Anzahl von Verriegelungsbolzen in ihrer verriegelnden ersten Position gegenüber einer Außenwandung eines Bohrkopfkranzes zumindest teilweise radial überstehen und in ihrer entriegelnden zweiten Position gegenüber der Außenwandung des Bohrkopfkranzes nicht radial überstehen. Besonders bevorzugt ist der Innendurchmesser des Rohrschuhs geringfügig größer als der Außendurchmesser des korrespondierenden Bohrkopfkranzes. Eine formschlüssige und sehr tragfähige Verbindung zwischen Rohr und Bohrkrone in verriegelnder Position ist dadurch besonders einfach möglich.Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the number of locking bolts in its locking first position with respect to an outer wall of a drill collar at least partially survive radially and not radially project in its unlocking second position relative to the outer wall of the drill collar. Particularly preferably, the inner diameter of the pipe shoe is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the corresponding drill head ring. A positive and very viable connection between the pipe and drill bit in the locking position is therefore particularly easy.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

Darin zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Längsschnitt für einen verriegelten Zustand einer ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkrone, einen Rohrschuh und einen Entriegelungsbolzen,
Figur 2
eine ausschnittsweise schematische perspektivische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform eines Bohrkopfkranzes,
Figur 3
eine schematische Untersicht der Ausführungsform der Bohrkrone sowie des Rohrschuhs,
Figur 4
einen Längsschnitt für einen entriegelten Zustand der ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkrone, den Rohrschuh und den Entriegelungsbolzen.
Show:
FIG. 1
a longitudinal section for a locked state of a first embodiment of the drill bit according to the invention, a pipe shoe and a release bolt,
FIG. 2
1 is a fragmentary schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a drill collar,
FIG. 3
a schematic bottom view of the embodiment of the drill bit and the pipe shoe,
FIG. 4
a longitudinal section for an unlocked state of the first embodiment of the drill bit according to the invention, the pipe shoe and the unlocking bolt.

Einander entsprechende Teile sind in allen Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Längsschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkrone 1, die zur Herstellung eines vertikalen Bohrlochs in einem nicht gezeigten Baugrund verwendet werden soll. Außer der Bohrkrone 1 sind im Längsschnitt ein Rohrschuh 2 mit einem Gewinde 2.1 zum Anschluss an ein nicht gezeigtes Rohr und ein Entriegelungsbolzen 5 dargestellt. Der Rohrschuh 2 ist ein unteres Ende eines Rohres, dessen weitere Elemente nicht dargestellt sind. FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a drill bit 1 according to the invention, which is to be used for producing a vertical wellbore in a subsoil, not shown. In addition to the drill bit 1, a tubular shoe 2 with a thread 2.1 for connection to a pipe (not shown) and an unlocking bolt 5 are shown in longitudinal section. The pipe shoe 2 is a lower end of a pipe, the other elements are not shown.

Die Bohrkrone 1 umfasst ein erstes Bohrkopfelement 1.1, ein zweites Bohrkopfelement 1.2, ein drittes Bohrkopfelement 1.3, einen Bohrkopfkranz 1.4, Verriegelungsbolzen 3 und eine Haltehülse 4. Der Rohrschuh 2 sowie der Entriegelungsbolzen 5 sind keine Elemente der Bohrkrone 1.The drill bit 1 comprises a first drill head element 1.1, a second drill head element 1.2, a third drill head element 1.3, a drill head ring 1.4, locking bolt 3 and a holding sleeve 4. The tube shoe 2 and the unlocking bolt 5 are not elements of the drill bit 1.

Die Bohrkopfelemente 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 sind lösbar am Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 befestigt und befinden sich in einem verriegelten Zustand. Der Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 ist lösbar im Rohrschuh 2 befestigt und befindet sich ebenfalls in einem verriegelten Zustand. In diesem verriegelten Zustand sind die Bohrkopfelemente 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 drehfest mit dem Rohrschuh 2 verbunden.The drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 are releasably secured to the drill head ring 1.4 and are in a locked state. The drill head ring 1.4 is releasably secured in the pipe shoe 2 and is also in a locked state. In this locked state, the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 rotatably connected to the pipe shoe 2.

Das erste Bohrkopfelement 1.1 umfasst einen ersten Rollmeißel 1.1.1, einen ersten Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.2, in welchem eine erste Kugelvertiefung 1.1.2.1 angeordnet ist, sowie eine hier nicht gezeigte erste Zugstange 1.1.3.The first drill head element 1.1 comprises a first roller chisel 1.1.1, a first roller chisel holder 1.1.2, in which a first ball groove 1.1.2.1 is arranged, and a first pull rod 1.1.3, not shown here.

Das zweite Bohrkopfelement 1.2 umfasst einen zweiten Rollmeißel 1.2.1, einen zweiten Rollmeißelhalter 1.2.2, in welchem eine zweite hier nicht gezeigte Kugelvertiefung 1.2.2.1 angeordnet ist, sowie eine zweite Zugstange 1.2.3.
Das hier nicht gezeigte dritte Bohrkopfelement 1.3 umfasst einen hier nicht gezeigten dritten Rollmeißel 1.3.1, einen hier nicht gezeigten dritten Rollmeißelhalter 1.3.2, in welchem eine hier nicht gezeigte dritte Kugelvertiefung 1.3.2.1 angeordnet ist sowie eine hier nicht gezeigte dritte Zugstange 1.3.3.The second drill head element 1.2 comprises a second roller chisel 1.2.1, a second roller chisel holder 1.2.2, in which a second ball recess 1.2.2.1, not shown here, is arranged, and a second pull rod 1.2.3.
The third drill head element 1.3, not shown here, comprises a third roller chisel 1.3.1 (not shown here), a third roller chisel holder 1.3.2, not shown here, in which a third ball depression 1.3.2.1, not shown here, is arranged, and a third pull rod 1.3, not shown here. third

In dem dargestellten verriegelten Zustand sind die Rollmeißel 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 drehfest mit dem Rohrschuh 2 verbunden, so dass der Rohrschuh 2 wie ein herkömmlich mit Rollmeißeln ausgestattetes Rohr zum Bohren eines insbesondere felsigen Baugrundes in an sich bekannter Weise verwendbar ist.In the illustrated locked state, the roller chisel 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 rotatably connected to the pipe shoe 2, so that the pipe shoe 2 as a conventionally equipped with roller chisel pipe for drilling a particular rocky ground in a conventional manner usable is.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Bohrkrone 1 gestattet es, die Bohrkrone 1 nach Fertigstellung der Bohrung intern vom Rohrschuh 2 zu lösen, wobei die gelöste Bohrkrone 1 in verbundene Einzelelemente zerlegt wird, wobei diese verbundenen Einzelelemente nacheinander durch den Rohrschuh 2 und das Rohr entnehmbar sind, obwohl der Außendurchmesser der Bohrkrone 1 in ihrer unzerlegten Zusammensetzung deutlich größer ist als der Innendurchmesser des Rohrschuhs 2 oder der des Rohres. Die verbundenen Einzelelemente der Bohrkrone 1, die nacheinander durch den Rohrschuh 2 entnehmbar sind - mit Nennung in der Reihenfolge ihrer möglichen Entnahme - sind:

  • der Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 mit den darin angeordneten Verriegelungsbolzen 3 und der Haltehülse 4,
  • das erste Bohrkopfelement 1.1,
  • das zweite Bohrkopfelement 1.2 sowie
  • das dritte Bohrkopfelement 1.3.
The inventive design of the drill bit 1 allows the drill bit 1 after completion of the bore to be loosened internally from the pipe shoe 2, wherein the dissolved drill bit 1 is decomposed into connected individual elements, these connected individual elements are successively removed through the pipe shoe 2 and the pipe, although the outer diameter of the drill bit 1 in its undivided composition is significantly larger than the inner diameter of the tube shoe 2 or the tube. The connected individual elements of the drill bit 1, which are successively removable through the pipe shoe 2 - with reference to the order of their possible removal - are:
  • the drill head ring 1.4 with the locking bolt 3 and the holding sleeve 4 arranged therein,
  • the first drill head element 1.1,
  • the second drill head element 1.2 as well
  • the third drill head element 1.3.

Im entriegelten Zustand sind der Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 und jedes der Bohrkopfelemente 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 durch den Rohrschuh (2) entnehmbar, da in Querrichtung die größte Abmessung eines Bohrkopfelementes 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 kleiner ist als der Außendurchmesser des Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4, welcher wiederum etwas kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Rohrschuhs 2.In the unlocked state, the drill head ring 1.4 and each of the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 can be removed through the pipe shoe (2), since in the transverse direction the largest dimension of a drill head element 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the drill head ring 1.4, which in turn is slightly smaller is as the inner diameter of the pipe shoe. 2

Jeder Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 ist jeweils mittels einer
Zugstange 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 axial verschiebbar am Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 befestigt. Dabei weisen unterschiedliche Zugstangen 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 unterschiedliche Längen auf, so dass im entriegelten Zustand des Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 zunächst der Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 und anschließend die Bohrkopfelemente 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 nacheinander, aber zusammenhängend, durch den Rohrschuh 2 entnehmbar sind. Jede Zugstange 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 ist mit ihrem unteren Ende fest mit dem korrespondierenden Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 verbunden. Jede Zugstange 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 ist jeweils durch eine Vertikalbohrung 1.4.4 geführt, wobei hier nur eine Vertikalbohrung 1.4.4 dargestellt ist. Das obere Ende jeder Zugstange 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 weist eine Verdickung auf, deren Außendurchmesser größer ist als der Innendurchmesser der Vertikalbohrung 1.4.4, so dass eine Verschiebbarkeit eines Rollmeißelhalters 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 gegenüber dem Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 durch die Länge der jeweiligen Zugstange 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 bestimmt und begrenzt ist.Each roller chisel holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 is in each case by means of a
Pull rod 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 axially slidably mounted on the drill head ring 1.4. Different drawbars 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 have different lengths, so that in the unlocked state of the drill head ring 1.4, first the drill head ring 1.4 and then the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 successively, but contiguously, through the pipe shoe 2 removed are. Each pull rod 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 is connected with its lower end fixed to the corresponding roller chisel holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2. Each pull rod 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 is guided in each case by a vertical bore 1.4.4, in which case only a vertical bore 1.4.4 is shown. The upper end of each tie rod 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 has a thickening, whose outer diameter is greater than the inner diameter of the vertical bore 1.4.4, so that a displaceability of a roll chisel holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3. 2 with respect to the drill head ring 1.4 by the length of the respective tie rod 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 is determined and limited.

Die Anzahl radial verschieblicher Verriegelungsbolzen 3 bilden ein Mittel zum Lösen der lösbaren Verbindung zwischen dem Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 und dem Rohrschuh 2. Die Verriegelungsbolzen 3 sind von einer hier dargestellten verriegelnden ersten Position in eine in dieser Figur nicht gezeigte entriegelnde zweite Position verschiebbar. Dazu stehen die Verriegelungsbolzen 3 in ihrer verriegelnden ersten Position gegenüber einer zylindrischen Außenwandung des Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 zumindest teilweise radial über; in ihrer entriegelnden zweiten Position stehen sie gegenüber der Außenwandung des Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 nicht radial über.The number of radially displaceable locking bolts 3 form a means for releasing the detachable connection between the drill head ring 1.4 and the pipe shoe 2. The locking bolts 3 are displaceable from a locking first position shown here in an unlocking second position, not shown in this figure. For this purpose, the locking bolts 3 are at least partially radially over in their locking first position relative to a cylindrical outer wall of the drill head ring 1.4; in their unlocking second position they are not radially over against the outer wall of the drill head ring 1.4.

Die Darstellung zeigt lediglich einen der Verriegelungsbolzen 3, die jeweils radial verschieblich und jeweils mittels einer Fixierplatte 3.3 im Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 befestigt sind. Die Fixierplatten 3.3 stehen gegenüber der Außenwandung des Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 nicht nach außen über. Die Verriegelungsbolzen 3 befinden sich hier in ihrer verriegelnden ersten Position, in der sie gegenüber der Außenwandung des Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 teilweise radial überstehen und in die korrespondierenden innenseitigen Vertiefungen 2.2.2 des Rohrkranzes 2.2 des Rohrschuhs 2 eingreifen, so dass dieser insbesondere in axialer Richtung gegenüber dem Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 und damit gegenüber der Bohrkrone 1 fixiert ist. Jeder Verriegelungsbolzen 3 ist fest mit einer Fußplatte 3.1 verbunden, welche mittels einer vorgespannten Schraubenfeder 3.2 mit einer nach innen, radial auf eine Außenwandung einer Haltehülse 4, gerichteten Druckkraft beaufschlagt ist. Die Haltehülse 4 weist einen Außendurchmesser auf, der geringfügig kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4. Dadurch ist die der temporären Lagefixierung der Verriegelungsbolzen 3 und derer Fußplatten 3.1 dienende Haltehülse 4 axial in dem hohlzylindrischen Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 verschiebbar.The illustration shows only one of the locking bolt 3, which are each mounted radially displaceable and each by means of a fixing plate 3.3 in the drill head ring 1.4. The fixing plates 3.3 are not opposite to the outer wall of the drill head ring 1.4 to the outside. The locking bolts 3 are here in their locking first position, in which they protrude over the outer wall of Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 partially radially and engage in the corresponding inside recesses 2.2.2 of the pipe collar 2.2 of the pipe shoe 2, so that this particular in the axial direction relative to the Drill head ring 1.4 and thus fixed relative to the drill bit 1. Each locking bolt 3 is fixedly connected to a base plate 3.1, which is acted upon by means of a prestressed coil spring 3.2 with an inwardly, radially on an outer wall of a retaining sleeve 4, directed pressure force. The holding sleeve 4 has an outer diameter which is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the drill head ring 1.4. As a result, the temporary fixing of the position of the locking bolts 3 and those foot plates 3.1 serving holding sleeve 4 is axially displaceable in the hollow cylindrical drill head ring 1.4.

Der im Wesentlichen hohlzylindrische Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 ist mit drei durchgehenden Horizontalbohrungen 1.4.1 versehen, wovon eine dargestellt ist. Die Horizontalbohrungen 1.4.1 befinden sich in einem hohlzylindrischen
Sockel 1.4.2 unterhalb der Anordnung der Verriegelungsbolzen 3 im unteren Bereich des Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4. In jeder der Horizontalbohrungen 1.4.1 ist eine Fixierkugel 1.4.5 angeordnet, deren Durchmesser größer ist als die Wandung des Sockels 1.4.2. Die dargestellte Fixierkugel 1.4.5 liegt im verriegelnden Zustand innenseitig an der Außenwandung der Haltehülse 4 an und ragt außenseitig derart in eine korrespondierende erste Kugelvertiefung 1.1.2.1 des ersten Rollmeißelhalters 1.1.2 hinein, dass der erste Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.2 im verriegelnden Zustand zwischen dem Rohrkranz 2.2 des Rohrschuhs 2 und dem Sockel 1.4.2 des Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 formschlüssig fixiert ist, da der Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 im verriegelnden Zustand selbst mittels der Verriegelungsbolzen 3 mit dem Rohrschuh 2 verriegelt ist. In der Haltehülse 4 ist eine Ausnehmung 4.1 angeordnet, die als umlaufende Nut derart ausgebildet ist, dass beim Verschieben der Haltehülse 4 nach unten die Fixierkugeln 1.4.5 nach innen, also in die Ausnehmung 4.1 hinein, verschiebbar sind. Dadurch ist im entriegelnden Zustand der Formschluss zwischen Sockel 1.4.2 und den Rollmeißelhaltern 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 gelöst. Die Haltehülse 4 ist gegen ungewolltes Verschieben gesichert; optional erfolgt diese Sicherung durch Klemmung im Bohrkopfkranz 1.4. Der Sockel 1.4.2 ist außenseitig sich konisch nach unten verjüngend ausgebildet, während die Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 eine korrespondierende Form derart aufweisen, dass sich deren Innenradius nach unten ebenfalls verkleinert. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass nach Entriegelung der Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 leicht nach oben gezogen werden kann, während - zumindest zu Beginn der Entnahme - die Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 in ihrer hier gezeigten Position verharren oder sich allenfalls geringfügig axial nach innen bewegen.The substantially hollow cylindrical drill head ring 1.4 is provided with three continuous horizontal holes 1.4.1, one of which is shown. The horizontal bores 1.4.1 are in a hollow cylindrical
Base 1.4.2 below the arrangement of the locking bolt 3 in the lower region of the drill head ring 1.4. In each of the horizontal bores 1.4.1 a fixing ball 1.4.5 is arranged, whose diameter is greater than the wall of the base 1.4.2. The illustrated fixing ball 1.4.5 lies in the locking state on the inside on the outer wall of the holding sleeve 4 and protrudes externally into a corresponding first ball recess 1.1.2.1 of the first roller chisel holder 1.1.2, that the first roller chisel holder 1.1.2 in the locking state between the Pipe wreath 2.2 of the pipe shoe 2 and the base 1.4.2 of the drill head ring 1.4 is positively fixed, since the drill head ring 1.4 is locked in the locking state itself by means of the locking bolt 3 with the pipe shoe 2. In the retaining sleeve 4, a recess 4.1 is arranged, which is designed as a circumferential groove such that when moving the retaining sleeve 4 down the fixing balls 1.4.5 inside, ie in the recess 4.1 inside, are displaceable. As a result, in the unlocking state, the positive connection between base 1.4.2 and the roller chisel holders 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 is achieved. The retaining sleeve 4 is secured against unintentional displacement; Optionally, this backup is done by clamping in the drill head ring 1.4. The base 1.4.2 is conically tapered downwardly on the outside, while the roller chisel holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 have a corresponding shape such that their inner radius also decreases downwards. This ensures that after unlocking the drill head ring 1.4 can be easily pulled up, while - at least at the beginning of removal - the roller chisel holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 remain in their position shown here or at most slightly axially after move inside.

Der Rohrkranz 2.2 weist einen konischen unteren Rohrrand 2.2.1 auf, dessen Form mit äußeren Rändern der Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 korrespondiert, so dass bei Entnahme eines der Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 nach oben automatisch ein Einfädeln in Richtung des Zentrums des Rohrschuhs 2 erfolgt.The tube ring 2.2 has a conical lower tube edge 2.2.1, the shape of which corresponds to outer edges of the roller bit holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2, so that when removing one of the roller bit holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3. 2 upwards automatically threading in the direction of the center of the pipe shoe 2 takes place.

Der oben in der Figur 1 dargestellte Entriegelungsbolzen 5 weist in seinem unten dargestellten Bereich einen Kragen 5.1 auf, dessen Außendurchmesser größer ist als der des zylinderförmigen Grundkörpers des Entriegelungsbolzens 5. Der Außendurchmesser des Kragens 5.1 ist kleiner als der Innendurchmesser des Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 und größer als der Innendurchmesser der Haltehülse 4. Am vorderen, also unteren Bereich des Entriegelungsbolzens 5 ist eine Ventilkugel 5.2 mittels einer Ventilfeder 5.3 gegenüber einem mit dem Entriegelungsbolzen 5 verschraubten Kopf 5.4 verspannt, so dass ein Rückschlagventil gebildet ist, durch das ein unter ausreichendem Druck stehendes Fluid aus dem Kopf 5.4 ausströmbar ist, wobei ein Einströmen eines Fluides durch den Kopf 5.4 in den Entriegelungsbolzen 5 jedoch verhindert ist. Dazu ist ein Boden 1.4.3 des Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 mit einer Bohrung versehen.The top of the FIG. 1 Unlocking bolt 5 shown has in its area shown below a collar 5.1 whose outer diameter is greater than that of the cylindrical base body of the unlocking pin 5. The outer diameter of the collar 5.1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the drill head ring 1.4 and larger than the inner diameter of the retaining sleeve 4th Am front, ie lower portion of the release bolt 5 is a valve ball 5.2 clamped by means of a valve spring 5.3 against a bolted to the unlocking bolt 5 head 5.4, so that a Non-return valve is formed, through which a fluid under sufficient pressure can be flowed out of the head 5.4, wherein an influx of a fluid through the head 5.4 in the unlocking pin 5 is prevented, however. For this purpose, a bottom 1.4.3 of the drill head ring 1.4 is provided with a bore.

Der Entriegelungsbolzen 5 weist an seinem oben dargestellten Ende ein Innengewinde auf, mit dem er mit einem weiteren Bauteil, insbesondere mit einem Gestänge zum Einführen oder mit einem Manschettenrohr oder einem Vereisungsrohr verbindbar ist, so dass der Entriegelungsbolzen 5 mit Ventilkugel 5.2, Ventilfeder 5.3 und Kopf 5.4 einen Lanzenkopf für das Manschettenrohr bzw. das Vereisungsrohr bilden kann. Der Entriegelungsbolzen 5 dient dazu, die Entriegelung des Bohrkopfes 1 vom Rohrschuh 2 auszulösen und mit dem Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 eine Verriegelung einzugehen, so dass der vom Rohrschuh 2 entriegelten Bohrkopf 1 durch den Rohrschuh 2 entnommen werden kann, wenn die Bohrung im Baugrund fertiggestellt ist. Der Rohrschuh 2 selbst verbleibt dabei im Baugrund.The unlocking pin 5 has at its end shown above an internal thread, with which it can be connected to another component, in particular with a linkage for insertion or with a sleeve tube or an icing, so that the unlocking pin 5 with valve ball 5.2, valve spring 5.3 and head 5.4 can form a lance head for the sleeve tube or the icing tube. The unlocking bolt 5 serves to trigger the unlocking of the drill head 1 from the pipe shoe 2 and enter into a locking with the drill head ring 1.4, so that the unlocked from the pipe shoe 2 drill head 1 can be removed through the pipe shoe 2, when the hole is completed in the ground. The pipe shoe 2 itself remains in the ground.

Figur 2 zeigt einen Ausschnitt einer schematischen perspektivischen Ansicht einer Ausführungsform eines Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 mit drei Leisten 1.4.7, von denen hier zwei Leisten 1.4.7 sichtbar sind. Die Leisten sind außerhalb des Sockels 1.4.2 axial angeordnet und dienen der Fixierung der hier nicht gezeigten Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1, wobei jeweils einer der Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 derart zwischen zwei Leisten 1.4.7 anordbar ist, dass im verriegelten Zustand die drei im Wesentlichen schalenförmigen Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 gemeinsam mit den drei Leisten 1.4.7 ein hülsenartiges Gebilde formen. Durch die Leisten 1.4.7 werden die Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 im verriegelten Zustand sicher fixiert, so dass sehr hohe Drehmomente vom Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 auf die Bohrkopfelemente 1.2, 1.2, 1.3 übertragbar sind. Jeweils zwischen zwei Leisten 1.4.7 sind zwei der Horizontalbohrungen 1.4.1 angeordnet, wobei sich in jeder der sechs Horizontalbohrungen 1.4.1 im Sockel 1.4.2 des Bohrkopfkranzes 1.4 jeweils eine Fixierkugel 1.4.5 befindet. Damit ist jeder der Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 verriegelten Zustand mittels zweier Fixierkugeln 1.4.5 verriegelt. Im Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 hängt die zweite Zugstange 1.2.3 in einer der Vertikalbohrungen 1.4.4., welche im Bereich des Sockels 1.4.2 als Schlitz ausgebildet ist. FIG. 2 shows a section of a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a drill head ring 1.4 with three bars 1.4.7, of which two bars 1.4.7 are visible here. The strips are axially arranged outside of the base 1.4.2 and serve to fix the roller bit holder 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1, not shown here, wherein in each case one of the roller bit holder 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 so between two bars 1.4.7 can be arranged that in the locked state, the three substantially cup-shaped roller chisel holder 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 together with the three bars 1.4.7 form a sleeve-like structure. By the strips 1.4.7 the chisel holder 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 are securely fixed in the locked state, so that very high torques from the drill head ring 1.4 on the drill head elements 1.2, 1.2, 1.3 are transferable. In each case between two strips 1.4.7 two of the horizontal holes 1.4.1 are arranged, wherein in each of the six horizontal holes 1.4.1 in the base 1.4.2 of the drill head ring 1.4 each a fixing ball is 1.4.5. Thus, each of the roller chisel holder 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1 locked state by means of two fixing balls 1.4.5 locked. In the drill head ring 1.4, the second pull rod 1.2.3 hangs in one of the vertical bores 1.4.4., Which is formed in the region of the base 1.4.2 as a slot.

Figur 3 zeigt eine stark vereinfachte schematische Untersicht für den verriegelten Zustand der montierten Bohrkrone 1 mit den Bohrkopfelementen 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, die jeweils aus den Rollmeißeln 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1, den Rollmeißelhaltern 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 und den Zugstangen 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 gebildet sind. Oberhalb der Bohrkopfelemente 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 ist der Rohrkranz 2.2 dargestellt, dessen Außendurchmesser deutlich kleiner ist als der Außendurchmesser der Gruppe der Rollmeißel 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1, wodurch eine Bohrung erfolgen kann, bei der eine sehr geringe Mantelreibung auftritt. Zwischen jeweils zwei benachbarten Rollmeißelhaltern 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 befindet sich jeweils eine Leiste 1.4.7. FIG. 3 shows a greatly simplified schematic bottom view for the locked state of the mounted drill bit 1 with the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, each of the rolling chisels 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1, the roll chisel holders 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 and the tie rods 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 are formed. Above the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, the tube ring 2.2 is shown, whose outer diameter is significantly smaller than the outer diameter of the group of roller chisel 1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1, whereby a hole can be made, in which a very low skin friction occurs. Between each two adjacent roller chisel holders 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 are each a bar 1.4.7.

Figur 4 zeigt einen Längsschnitt der oben beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkrone 1 im entriegelten Zustand. Außer der Bohrkrone 1 sind der Rohrschuh 2 sowie der Entriegelungsbolzen 5 dargestellt, welcher mit dem Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 verriegelt ist. FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of the above-described drill bit 1 according to the invention in the unlocked state. Apart from the drill bit 1, the tube shoe 2 and the unlocking bolt 5 are shown, which is locked to the drill head ring 1.4.

Das am Rohrschuh 2 angeschlossene Rohr ist nicht dargestellt.The tube 2 connected to the pipe is not shown.

Die Haltehülse 4 ist mittels des Entriegelungsbolzens 5 in dem Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 axial nach unten verschoben, wodurch die Verriegelungsbolzen 3 und die Fußplatten 3.1 radial nach innen gedrückt sind. Dadurch ist einerseits der Entriegelungsbolzen 5 mit dem Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 verriegelt und andererseits der Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 von dem Rohrschuh 2 entriegelt.The retaining sleeve 4 is moved by means of the unlocking pin 5 in the drill head ring 1.4 axially downwards, whereby the locking pin 3 and the foot plates 3.1 are pressed radially inward. As a result, on the one hand the unlocking bolt 5 is locked to the drill head ring 1.4 and on the other hand the drill head ring 1.4 is unlocked from the pipe shoe 2.

Dadurch, dass die Haltehülse 4 mittels des Entriegelungsbolzens 5 in dem Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 axial nach unten verschoben ist, sind zudem die Fixierkugeln 1.4.5 in die Ausnehmung 4.1 der Haltehülse (4) bewegt, so dass die Rollmeißelhalter 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 entriegelt sind.Due to the fact that the holding sleeve 4 is displaced axially downwardly in the drill head ring 1.4 by means of the unlocking pin 5, the fixing balls 1.4.5 are also provided in the recess 4.1 of the holding sleeve (4) moves, so that the roller chisel holder 1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2 are unlocked.

Der Bohrkopfkranz 1.4 bildet mit den Bohrkopfelementen 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 in dem gezeigten gelösten Zustand verbundene Einzelelemente. Damit ist die entriegelte Bohrkrone 1 mittels des Entriegelungsbolzens 5, dessen daran angeschlossenes Gestänge nicht gezeigt ist, durch den Rohrschuh 2 hindurch entnehmbar, nämlich zunächst der Bohrkopfkranz 1.4, anschließend das erste Bohrkopfelement 1.1, dessen erste Zugstange 1.1.3 die kürzeste der Zugstangen 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 ist, anschließend das zweite Bohrkopfelement 1.2, dessen zweite Zugstange 1.2.3 die zweitlängste der Zugstangen 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 ist und anschließend das hier nicht gezeigte dritte Bohrkopfelement 1.3, dessen dritte Zugstange 1.3.3 die längste der Zugstangen 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 ist.The drill head ring 1.4 forms individual elements connected to the drill head elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 in the released state shown. Thus, the unlocked drill bit 1 by means of Entriegelungsbolzens 5, the adjoining linkage is not shown, through the pipe shoe 2 through, namely first the drill head ring 1.4, then the first drill head element 1.1, the first drawbar 1.1.3 the shortest of the tie rods 1.1. 3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3, then the second drill head element 1.2, the second drawbar 1.2.3 is the second longest of the tie rods 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3 and then the third drill head element 1.3, not shown here, the third pull rod 1.3.3 is the longest of the pull rods 1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Bohrkronedrill bit
1.11.1
erstes Bohrkopfelementfirst drill head element
1.1.11.1.1
erster Rollmeißelfirst chisel
1.1.21.1.2
erster Rollmeißelhalterfirst roll chisel holder
1.1.2.11.1.2.1
erste Kugelvertiefungfirst ball recess
1.1.31.1.3
erste Zugstangefirst pull rod
1.21.2
zweites Bohrkopfelementsecond drill head element
1.2.11.2.1
zweiter Rollmeißelsecond chisel
1.2.21.2.2
zweiter Rollmeißelhaltersecond roll chisel holder
1.2.2.11.2.2.1
zweite Kugelvertiefungsecond ball recess
1.2.31.2.3
zweite Zugstangesecond pull rod
1.31.3
drittes Bohrkopfelementthird drill head element
1.3.11.3.1
dritter Rollmeißelthird roller chisel
1.3.21.3.2
dritter Rollmeißelhalterthird roller chisel holder
1.3.2.11.3.2.1
dritte Kugelvertiefungthird ball recess
1.3.31.3.3
dritte Zugstangethird drawbar
1.41.4
Bohrkopfkranzdrill head wreath
1.4.11.4.1
Horizontalbohrunghorizontal drilling
1.4.21.4.2
Sockelbase
1.4.31.4.3
Bodenground
1.4.41.4.4
Vertikalbohrungvertical drilling
1.4.51.4.5
FixierkugelnFixierkugeln
1.4.61.4.6
Konuscone
1.4.71.4.7
LeistenAfford
22
Rohrschuhcasing shoe
2.12.1
Gewindethread
2.22.2
Rohrkranztubing annulus
2.2.12.2.1
Rohrrandpipe edge
2.2.22.2.2
Vertiefungdeepening
33
Verriegelungsbolzenlocking bolt
3.13.1
Fußplattefootplate
3.23.2
Schraubenfedercoil spring
3.33.3
Fixierplattefixing
44
Haltehülseholding sleeve
4.14.1
Ausnehmungrecess
55
Entriegelungsbolzenunlocking
5.15.1
Kragencollar
5.25.2
Ventilkugelvalve ball
5.35.3
Ventilfedervalve spring
5.45.4
Kopfhead

Claims (11)

  1. Drill bit (1) having a number of roller bits (1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1) for drilling a foundation soil, the number of roller bits (1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1) being arranged on a drill head ring (1.4) of the drill bit (1), and a means for the internal release of a releasable connection between the drill head ring (1.4) and a casing shoe (2) being arranged on the drill head ring (1.4) and the drill bit (1) being dismountable into connected individual elements in the released state, characterized in that a number of drill head elements (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) are arranged on the drill head ring (1.4), each drill head element (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) comprising in each case one roller bit holder (1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2), in each case one roller bit (1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1) being arranged on each roller bit holder (1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2), the greatest dimension of a drill head element (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) in the transverse direction being smaller than the external diameter of the drill head ring (1.4), with the result that, in the unlocked state, the drill head ring (1.4) and each of the drill head elements (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) are removable through the casing shoe (2), and each roller bit holder (1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2) being fastened to the drill head ring (1.4) axially displaceably in each case by means of a tie rod (1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3), different tie rods (1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3) having different lengths, with the result that, in the unlocked state of the drill head ring (1.4), the drill head ring (1.4) and drill head elements (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) are removable one after another through the casing shoe (2).
  2. Drill bit (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the drill head ring (1.4) is configured in such a way that a locking pin (5) for triggering the means for release is insertable into the said drill head ring (1.4).
  3. Drill bit (1) according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for releasing the releasable connection between the drill head ring (1.4) and the casing shoe (2) comprises a number of radially displaceable locking pins (3) which are displaceable from a locking first position into an unlocking second position.
  4. Drill bit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number of locking pins (3) project at least partially radially with respect to an outer wall of the drill head ring (1.4) in their locking first position and do not project radially with respect to the outer wall of the drill head ring (1.4) in their unlocking second position.
  5. Drill bit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for releasing the releasable connection between the drill head ring (1.4) and the casing shoe (2) comprises a holding sleeve (4) which brings about the triggering of the unlocking action and is arranged in the drill head ring (1.4).
  6. Drill bit (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the holding sleeve (4) is axially displaceable between the locking first position and the unlocking second position in order to trigger the unlocking action.
  7. Drill bit (1) according to one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the number of radially displaceable locking pins (3) are prestressed by way of spring force in such a way that they are displaceable from a locking first position into an unlocking second position upon triggering.
  8. Drill bit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a number of horizontal bores (1.4.1) are arranged in a lower base (1.4.2) of the drill head ring (1.4), a fixing ball (1.4.5) being arranged in a horizontal bore (1.4.1), which fixing ball (1.4.5) is fixable in inner-side ball depressions (1.1.2.1, 1.2.2.1, 1.3.2.1) of the roller bit holders (1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2) by means of the holding sleeve (4) in the locking position, and is movable into an outer-side recess (4.1) of the holding sleeve (4) by means of the inner wall of the roller bit holders (1.1.2, 1.2.2, 1.3.2) in the unlocking position.
  9. Drill bit (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the drill head ring (1.4) is provided with a cone (1.4.6) for simplified introduction of the unlocking pin (5).
  10. Method for releasing a drill bit (1) which has a number of roller bits (1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1) for drilling a foundation soil from a casing shoe (2) in a sunk state, in particular for releasing a drill bit (1) according to one of the preceding claims from a casing shoe (2), a connection between a drill head ring (1.4) of the drill bit (1) and the casing shoe (2) being released internally by introducing an unlocking pin (5) which triggers the release of the drill bit (1) into the drill head ring (1.4), first of all, by way of the introduction of the unlocking pin (5) into the drill head ring (1.4), a holding sleeve (4) which is arranged therein being displaced axially from a locking first position into an unlocking second position in order to trigger the unlocking action, as a result of which the drill head ring (1.4) is unlocked automatically from the casing shoe (2), the unlocking pin (5) being locked to the drill head ring (1.4), and subsequently, the drill head ring (1.4) and, one after another, the roller bits (1.1.1, 1.2.1, 1.3.1) which are fastened thereto being removed through the casing shoe (2) by means of corresponding tie rods (1.1.3, 1.2.3, 1.3.3) of different length.
  11. Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that a number of radially displaceable and prestressed locking pins (3) are unlocked by way of the axial displacement of the holding sleeve (4) from the locking first position into the unlocking second position, as a result of which the locking pins (3) are displaced from a locking first position into an unlocking second position, wherein in the unlocking second position the drill head ring (1.4) is unlocked from the casing shoe (2) and the unlocking pin (5) is locked to the drill head ring (1.4) by means of the locking pins (3).
EP14167345.9A 2014-05-07 2014-05-07 Drill bit having a number of roller bits for drilling a ground surface, and a method for detaching a drill bit with a number of roller bits drilling a ground surface from a pipe shoe in the sunk state Not-in-force EP2942474B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14167345.9A EP2942474B1 (en) 2014-05-07 2014-05-07 Drill bit having a number of roller bits for drilling a ground surface, and a method for detaching a drill bit with a number of roller bits drilling a ground surface from a pipe shoe in the sunk state

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14167345.9A EP2942474B1 (en) 2014-05-07 2014-05-07 Drill bit having a number of roller bits for drilling a ground surface, and a method for detaching a drill bit with a number of roller bits drilling a ground surface from a pipe shoe in the sunk state

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2942474A1 EP2942474A1 (en) 2015-11-11
EP2942474B1 true EP2942474B1 (en) 2017-02-01

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EP14167345.9A Not-in-force EP2942474B1 (en) 2014-05-07 2014-05-07 Drill bit having a number of roller bits for drilling a ground surface, and a method for detaching a drill bit with a number of roller bits drilling a ground surface from a pipe shoe in the sunk state

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Country Link
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112160721A (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-01 高俊亭 Geological guiding drilling structure with detachable near drill bit

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2763469A (en) * 1952-01-01 1956-09-18 Cementation Co Ltd Rotary rock drills
US3216514A (en) * 1962-02-23 1965-11-09 Nelson Norman A Rotary drilling apparatus
US3169592A (en) * 1962-10-22 1965-02-16 Lamphere Jean K Retrievable drill bit
US3880247A (en) * 1972-08-23 1975-04-29 Thomas J Harding Replaceable drill bit for rotary drilling of bore holes
GB2108552B (en) * 1981-09-17 1985-01-23 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Earth boring apparatus

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
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