EP2927377B1 - Method and assembly for renovating a foundation structure made of concrete material - Google Patents

Method and assembly for renovating a foundation structure made of concrete material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2927377B1
EP2927377B1 EP14163361.0A EP14163361A EP2927377B1 EP 2927377 B1 EP2927377 B1 EP 2927377B1 EP 14163361 A EP14163361 A EP 14163361A EP 2927377 B1 EP2927377 B1 EP 2927377B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
defect
line
foundation element
foundation
filling medium
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EP14163361.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2927377A1 (en
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Lars Hümmler
Petra Peter
Wolfgang Dr.-Ing. Schwarz
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Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
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Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D37/00—Repair of damaged foundations or foundation structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for rehabilitating a foundation element made of concrete.
  • Such foundation elements are created for example for the foundation of structures in the ground or for Baugrubenumsch.
  • a typical foundation element is a bored pile which is formed by creating a bore in the soil by means of a boring tool. When retracting the drilling tool from the well this can be filled with concrete material.
  • defects in the concrete structure due to unwanted soil inclusions during the concreting process. Such defects can be detected by measuring devices, such as by ultrasonic measurement, and can affect a secure foundation of a building. When defects are found, it is therefore often necessary to rehabilitate the foundation element.
  • Another known remediation option is to introduce holes in the finished foundation element up to the defect and to rehabilitate the defect by injections.
  • drilling the concrete structure of the foundation element impaired. This can lead to further damage to the concrete structure, in particular to cracks.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an arrangement for the rehabilitation of foundation elements, with which even deeper foundation elements can be renovated efficiently.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that, when forming the foundation element, at least one conduit is provided in the foundation element is that the at least one line is opened in the area of a defect to be rehabilitated in the foundation element, wherein access to the defect is created, and that a hardening filling medium is introduced into the defect.
  • a basic idea of the invention is to provide access to remediation tools in the foundation element already when the foundation element is being created. This can be done in particular by a pipe or a Hose for forming the conduit during concreting of the foundation element is provided in this.
  • the line is preferably closed at the bottom. In particular, with larger foundation elements and multiple lines can be used, which are distributed over the cross section.
  • the line extends to the upper end of the foundation element. If there is a defect in the foundation element, the existing line in the area of the defect can then be opened via a cutting device, so that access to the defect is formed. The defect can then be remedied and initiated by introducing a hardening filling medium.
  • a preferred development of the invention consists in that harmful material is flushed out of the defect by the filling medium and removed from the foundation element.
  • soil material from the borehole wall for example, reaches the drilling area before the borehole is filled up.
  • This undesirable soil material may form a defect in concreting in the foundation member.
  • this harmful material can first be flushed out of the defect and transported away via the conduit device from the foundation element. After removal of the harmful material, the hardening filling material can fill in the defect and thus form a homogeneous, firm structure in the foundation element.
  • the rinsing out of the harmful material can basically take place via the same conduit, via which the curing filling medium is also introduced.
  • the filling medium can be introduced via a lance-shaped feeding device, which extends along the supply line, while the harmful material in the remaining annular space between the lancet-shaped feed device and the supply line is recycled.
  • At least one feed line and at least one lead to be provided, between which the defect lies in the foundation element, that the at least one lead and the at least one lead be opened in the region of the defect, wherein a passage through the defect is created by the supply line to the derivative, and that the at least one feed line, the filling medium to the defect and the harmful material from the defect are passed over the at least one derivation.
  • This embodiment is particularly suitable for larger or crack-like defects that allow a directional flow. In this way, even larger defects can be reliably repaired.
  • a pipe is inserted into the foundation element.
  • one or more pipes made of metal or plastic may be attached to the reinforcing cage, which is used after filling the Aushubloches with the concrete material in the still soft concrete material. In this way, one or more lines can be created efficiently.
  • the pipes are not only used for renovation but also for other purposes.
  • So can be used as pipes steel pipes, which are used for example to carry out a so-called CHUM method (Crosshole Ultrasonic Measurement method). With this measurement method, the structure and defects in the foundation element can be determined.
  • the remediation process according to the invention can be used on a wide variety of foundation elements. It is particularly preferred that the foundation element is formed as a bored pile or a Fräswandpanel.
  • the Fräswandpanel may be provided about to form a slot or sealing wall.
  • the preparation of the foundation element in a concrete mixing process in which also soil material is used for producing the concrete material for the foundation element there may be an increased risk of flaw formation. Thus, even with such foundation elements fast and reliable renovations can be performed.
  • a further aspect of the method according to the invention is that a high-pressure lance is introduced into the line for opening the line or that a cutting medium is supplied under high pressure via the high-pressure lance, which cuts through a wall of the line.
  • Such high-pressure lances can be used reliably even at greater depths.
  • any fluid can be used. It is particularly preferred according to the invention that water or the filling medium is used as the cutting medium.
  • a suitable curable suspension can in principle be injected into the defect depending on the application. In certain cases, this may be a plastic resin. It is preferred according to the invention that a cement suspension is used as filling medium.
  • the cement suspension is advantageously adjusted to the concrete structure of the foundation element in such a way that, after the cement suspension has hardened, a particularly homogeneous structure is provided over the repaired defect. In this case, a certain amount of harmful material remain as a filler, which is encircled by the cement suspension and integrated.
  • a measuring device for detecting the defect is used in the line.
  • the measuring device is a non-destructive measuring device, in particular based on ultrasound.
  • the first line can be used to determine the defect.
  • the measuring device can be removed from the line again and then possibly a renovation of a detected defect can be performed.
  • other measuring devices can be introduced before or after the renovation in the line.
  • the object mentioned in the introduction is achieved in that when forming a Foundation element at least one line is inserted into the foundation element, that a cutting device is provided, with which in the at least one line in the region of the defect to be rehabilitated in the foundation element an opening can be generated, which forms an access to the defect, and that a feed device for introducing a hardening filling medium is provided via the line in the defect.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is that at least one supply line and at least one discharge line are arranged, between which the defect lies in the foundation element, that via the supply line by means of the feed device, the curable filling medium is introduced into the defect and that over the at least one derivative damaging material from the defect to the outside of the foundation element is derivable. In this way, even larger defects and larger amounts of harmful material can be efficiently removed from the created foundation element and the fault repaired with it.
  • the at least one line is formed as a tube which is fixed to a reinforcing cage, which is used in forming the foundation element in the foundation element.
  • the line is closed at the bottom and is sealed against the not yet solid, viscous material of the foundation element.
  • the tube is formed of metal or plastic and disposed along the struts of the metallic reinforcing basket. It can also be arranged distributed over the cross section of the foundation element several lines. With the relatively heavy reinforcing cage one or more lines can thus be provided with exact position in the foundation element.
  • any suitable cutting device can be used to open the line in the area of the defect.
  • the cutting device has a high-pressure lance which can be inserted into the line, by means of which a cutting medium can be conveyed under high pressure for cutting through a wall of the line in the area of the damaged area.
  • a cutting medium can be conveyed under high pressure for cutting through a wall of the line in the area of the damaged area.
  • water as a cutting medium with a pressure of up to 100 bar and beyond to be provided for opening the conduit wall.
  • the subsequent filling medium can preferably be supplied to the defect via the same high-pressure lance or via another feed device. Overall, the inlet or outlet can be filled.
  • a measuring device in particular an ultrasonic measuring device, which can be used to determine the defect in the line.
  • the measuring device can also be designed like a tube with a measuring head to detect defects in the structure of the created foundation element. After measuring the entire structure of the foundation element, the measuring device can be removed from the line again. Then, if necessary, a renovation can be carried out via the line according to the invention.
  • the approximately pile-shaped foundation element 10 has an approximately circular disk-shaped contact surface 12 and a cylindrical lateral surface 14.
  • a total of four tubular conduits 20 became uniform distributed over the cross-sectional area along the lateral surface 14.
  • the defect 40 is a region in which the foundation element 10 is not or not sufficiently formed with the concrete material of the foundation element 10. This can be caused by broken surrounding soil material.
  • the defect 40 in the region of the contact surface 12 can adversely affect the load capacity of the foundation element 10.
  • a renovation can be carried out according to the inventive method.
  • a first line 20 as a supply line 22 and a second line 20 as a derivative 24 are selected.
  • the respective walls 21 of the lead 22 and the lead 24 are broken to form an access 38 to the defect 40.
  • a high-pressure cutting device not shown, can be used.
  • a passage 36 is formed by the defect 40.
  • a filling medium in particular a concrete suspension, is introduced via the feed line 22 from the earth's surface via a pump, not shown, into the defect 40. Due to the discharge 24 formed, the suspension can flow through the defect 40 and convey out unwanted harmful material from the defect 40 through the discharge line 24 upwards out of the foundation element 10.
  • the further supply is terminated.
  • the defect 40 is filled with the filling medium, which can harden. Also, the remaining in the supply line 22 and the discharge 24 filler material can harden and thus increase the overall stability of the foundation element 10.
  • a different medium such as water, can be used to flush out the harmful material.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 Another embodiment according to the invention is in the FIGS. 3 and 4 shown.
  • a total of four lines 20 are arranged distributed over the cross section of the foundation element 10.
  • the lines 20 were already in the creation of the foundation element 10 in this cast.
  • a defect 40 is formed exclusively in the region of a feed line 20.
  • a first access 38a to the defect 40 is thus created.
  • a filling medium can be introduced into the defect 40.
  • the invention can be used for the rehabilitation of all types of foundation elements, that is, of building structures created in the ground.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Anordnung zum Sanieren eines Gründungselementes aus Beton.The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for rehabilitating a foundation element made of concrete.

Derartige Gründungselemente werden etwa zur Fundamentierung von Bauwerken im Boden oder zur Baugrubenumschließung erstellt. Ein typisches Gründungselement ist ein Bohrpfahl, welcher durch Erstellen einer Bohrung im Boden mittels eines Bohrwerkzeuges gebildet wird. Beim Rückziehen des Bohrwerkzeuges aus dem Bohrloch kann dieses mit Betonmaterial verfüllt werden. Es besteht dabei eine grundsätzliche Gefahr von Fehlstellen in der Betonstruktur durch unerwünschte Bodeneinschlüsse während des Betoniervorganges. Derartige Fehlstellen sind durch Messeinrichtungen, etwa mittels Ultraschallmessung, feststellbar und können eine sichere Gründung eines Bauwerkes beeinträchtigen. Bei festgestellten Fehlstellen ist es daher häufig notwendig, das Gründungselement zu sanieren.Such foundation elements are created for example for the foundation of structures in the ground or for Baugrubenumschließ. A typical foundation element is a bored pile which is formed by creating a bore in the soil by means of a boring tool. When retracting the drilling tool from the well this can be filled with concrete material. There is a fundamental risk of defects in the concrete structure due to unwanted soil inclusions during the concreting process. Such defects can be detected by measuring devices, such as by ultrasonic measurement, and can affect a secure foundation of a building. When defects are found, it is therefore often necessary to rehabilitate the foundation element.

Nach einer bekannten Sanierungsmöglichkeit ist es vorgesehen, von außen an einem Bohrpfahl Bohrungen vorzusehen und Injektionen mit einer Zementsuspension durchzuführen. Allerdings kann durch derartige Bohrungen an der Außenseite des Gründungselementes die Mantelreibung zwischen dem Gründungselement und dem umgebenden Boden gestört werden. Dies kann die Tragfähigkeit des Gründungselementes negativ beeinflussen. Zudem können so nur außenliegende Fehlstellen saniert werden. Ein solches Verfahren zum Sanieren eines Fundamentes einer Windturbine geht aus der WO 2010/084210 A1 hervor.According to a known remediation option, it is provided to provide bores from the outside on a bored pile and to carry out injections with a cement suspension. However, can be disturbed by such holes on the outside of the foundation element, the skin friction between the foundation element and the surrounding soil. This can adversely affect the carrying capacity of the foundation element. In addition, only external defects can be remediated. Such a method for rehabilitating a foundation of a wind turbine goes from the WO 2010/084210 A1 out.

Eine weitere bekannte Sanierungsmöglichkeit besteht darin, in das fertige Gründungselement Bohrungen bis zu der Fehlstelle einzubringen und die Fehlstelle durch Injektionen zu sanieren. Jedoch wird durch das Bohren das Betongefüge des Gründungselementes beeinträchtigt. Dies kann zur weiteren Beschädigung des Betongefüges, insbesondere zu Rissen, führen.Another known remediation option is to introduce holes in the finished foundation element up to the defect and to rehabilitate the defect by injections. However, by drilling the concrete structure of the foundation element impaired. This can lead to further damage to the concrete structure, in particular to cracks.

Zudem werden die beiden bekannten Sanierungsmöglichkeiten bei besonders tiefen Gründungselementen praktisch nahezu undurchführbar, da Bohrungen bis in größere Tiefen, welche bis zu 50 m und mehr betragen, herstellungsbedingt nicht mit der notwendigen Genauigkeit eingebracht werden können. Zudem sind die beiden bekannten Sanierungsmöglichkeiten zeit- und kostenaufwändig.In addition, the two known remediation options for very deep foundation elements are virtually virtually impossible, since holes down to greater depths, which can be up to 50 m and more, manufacturing reasons can not be introduced with the necessary accuracy. In addition, the two known remediation options are time-consuming and costly.

Es wurde auch versucht, über eventuell sich im Gründungselement erstreckende Metallrohre einen Zugang zu einer festgestellten Fehlstelle zu schaffen. Dabei wird das Metallrohr mit einem Schneidbrenner aufgeschweißt. Die Schneidflamme kann jedoch das Gründungselement und insbesondere darin angeordnete Armierungseisen beschädigen. Auch bildet sich Schweißschlacke im Gründungselement, was zu Korrosionsschäden führen kann. Zudem sind Schneidbrenner relativ groß und benötigen entsprechend große Zugangsrohre, welche selbst eine Schwächung des Gründungselementes darstellen.Attempts have also been made to provide access to a detected defect via possibly extending metal tubes in the foundation element. The metal tube is welded with a cutting torch. However, the cutting flame may damage the foundation member and, in particular, reinforcing iron disposed therein. Welding slag also forms in the foundation element, which can lead to corrosion damage. In addition, cutting torches are relatively large and require correspondingly large access pipes, which themselves represent a weakening of the foundation element.

Weiterhin ist es bekannt, das Gründungselement mit der Fehlstelle durch Herstellung eines Ersatzgründungselementes zu entlasten oder zu ersetzen. Jedoch ist auch diese Art der Sanierung kostenaufwändig und in bestimmten Fällen aufgrund der Statik und der Geometrien der Gebäudestruktur nur bedingt einsetzbar.Furthermore, it is known to relieve or replace the foundation element with the defect by producing a replacement foundation element. However, this type of renovation is costly and in certain cases due to the static and the geometries of the building structure only partially applicable.

Im schlechtesten Fall kann eine Sanierung unmöglich sein. Das Gründungselement aus Beton ist dann zu entfernen, etwa durch Abfräsen, und neu herzustellen. Dies ist aber besonders zeit- und kostenaufwändig.In the worst case, a renovation can be impossible. The foundation element made of concrete is then removed, such as by milling, and re-manufacture. This is very time consuming and costly.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Anordnung zur Sanierung von Gründungselementen anzugeben, mit welchen auch tiefere Gründungselemente effizient saniert werden können.The invention has for its object to provide a method and an arrangement for the rehabilitation of foundation elements, with which even deeper foundation elements can be renovated efficiently.

Die Aufgabe wird zum einen durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und zum anderen mit einer Anordnung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 10 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den jeweils abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved on the one hand by a method having the features of claim 1 and on the other hand with an arrangement having the features of claim 10. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beim Bilden des Gründungselementes mindestens eine Leitung in dem Gründungselement vorgesehen wird, dass die mindestens eine Leitung im Bereich einer zu sanierenden Fehlstelle in dem Gründungselement geöffnet wird, wobei ein Zugang zu der Fehlstelle geschaffen wird, und dass ein aushärtendes Füllmedium in die Fehlstelle eingeleitet wird.The method according to the invention is characterized in that, when forming the foundation element, at least one conduit is provided in the foundation element is that the at least one line is opened in the area of a defect to be rehabilitated in the foundation element, wherein access to the defect is created, and that a hardening filling medium is introduced into the defect.

Ein Grundgedanke der Erfindung liegt darin, bereits beim Erstellen des Gründungselementes einen Zugang für Sanierungswerkzeuge in dem Gründungselement vorzusehen. Dies kann insbesondere dadurch geschehen, dass ein Rohr oder ein Schlauch zum Bilden der Leitung beim Betonieren des Gründungselementes in diesem vorgesehen wird. Die Leitung ist vorzugsweise unten geschlossen. Insbesondere bei größeren Gründungselementen können auch mehrere Leitungen verwendet werden, welche verteilt über den Querschnitt angeordnet sind. Die Leitung erstreckt sich dabei bis zum oberen Ende des Gründungselementes. Bei Vorliegen einer Fehlstelle in dem Gründungselement kann dann über eine Schneideinrichtung die vorhandene Leitung im Bereich der Fehlstelle geöffnet werden, so dass ein Zugang zu der Fehlstelle gebildet wird. Die Fehlstelle kann so dann durch Einleiten eines aushärtenden Füllmediums saniert und behoben werden.A basic idea of the invention is to provide access to remediation tools in the foundation element already when the foundation element is being created. This can be done in particular by a pipe or a Hose for forming the conduit during concreting of the foundation element is provided in this. The line is preferably closed at the bottom. In particular, with larger foundation elements and multiple lines can be used, which are distributed over the cross section. The line extends to the upper end of the foundation element. If there is a defect in the foundation element, the existing line in the area of the defect can then be opened via a cutting device, so that access to the defect is formed. The defect can then be remedied and initiated by introducing a hardening filling medium.

Das zeit- und kostenaufwändige Erstellen einer zusätzlichen Bohrung außerhalb oder innerhalb des Gründungselementes kann dabei entfallen. Damit werden auch Beeinträchtigungen an der Mantelreibung oder im Betongefüge des Gründungselementes vermieden. Zudem kann eine Sanierung auch bei sehr tiefen Gründungselementen mit Tiefen von über 50 Meter zielgenau erfolgen.The time-consuming and costly creating an additional hole outside or within the foundation element can be omitted. This also prevents damage to the skin friction or in the concrete structure of the foundation element. In addition, redevelopment can be carried out accurately even with very deep foundation elements with depths of over 50 meters.

Eine bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, dass durch das Füllmedium Schadmaterial aus der Fehlstelle ausgespült und aus dem Gründungselement abgefördert wird. Bei Gründungselementen im Boden besteht die Gefahr, dass etwa von der Bohrlochwandung Bodenmaterial noch vor dem Auffüllen des Bohrloches in den Bohrraum gelangt. Dieses unerwünschte Bodenmaterial kann eine Fehlstelle beim Betonieren in dem Gründungselement bilden. Durch ein entsprechendes Einströmen des Füllmediums kann dabei dieses Schadmaterial zunächst aus der Fehlstelle ausgespült und über die Leitungseinrichtung aus dem Gründungselement abgefördert werden. Nach dem Entfernen des Schadmateriales kann das aushärtende Füllmaterial die Fehlstelle ausfüllen und so ein homogenes festes Gefüge in dem Gründungselement bilden.A preferred development of the invention consists in that harmful material is flushed out of the defect by the filling medium and removed from the foundation element. In the case of foundation elements in the ground, there is the risk that soil material from the borehole wall, for example, reaches the drilling area before the borehole is filled up. This undesirable soil material may form a defect in concreting in the foundation member. By means of a corresponding inflow of the filling medium, this harmful material can first be flushed out of the defect and transported away via the conduit device from the foundation element. After removal of the harmful material, the hardening filling material can fill in the defect and thus form a homogeneous, firm structure in the foundation element.

Das Ausspülen des Schadmateriales kann grundsätzlich über dieselbe Leitung erfolgen, über welche auch das aushärtende Füllmedium eingebracht wird. So kann das Füllmedium über eine lanzenförmige Zuführeinrichtung, welche sich entlang der Zuleitung erstreckt, eingeleitet werden, während das Schadmaterial in dem verbleibenden Ringraum zwischen der lanzenförmigen Zuführeinrichtung und der Zuleitung rückgeführt wird.The rinsing out of the harmful material can basically take place via the same conduit, via which the curing filling medium is also introduced. Thus, the filling medium can be introduced via a lance-shaped feeding device, which extends along the supply line, while the harmful material in the remaining annular space between the lancet-shaped feed device and the supply line is recycled.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung, dass mindestens eine Zuleitung und mindestens eine Ableitung vorgesehen werden, zwischen denen die Fehlstelle im Gründungselement liegt, dass die mindestens eine Zuleitung und die mindestens eine Ableitung im Bereich der Fehlstelle geöffnet werden, wobei ein Durchgang durch die Fehlstelle von der Zuleitung zu der Ableitung geschaffen wird, und dass über die mindestens eine Zuleitung das Füllmedium zur Fehlstelle und das Schadmaterial aus der Fehlstelle über die mindestens eine Ableitung geleitet werden. Diese Ausführungsvariante ist insbesondere für größere oder rissartige Fehlstellen geeignet, welche einen gerichteten Strömungsfluss erlauben. Auf diese Weise können auch größere Fehlstellen zuverlässig saniert werden.According to one embodiment of the invention, it is particularly advantageous for at least one feed line and at least one lead to be provided, between which the defect lies in the foundation element, that the at least one lead and the at least one lead be opened in the region of the defect, wherein a passage through the defect is created by the supply line to the derivative, and that the at least one feed line, the filling medium to the defect and the harmful material from the defect are passed over the at least one derivation. This embodiment is particularly suitable for larger or crack-like defects that allow a directional flow. In this way, even larger defects can be reliably repaired.

Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist es vorteilhaft, dass zum Bilden der Leitung beim Herstellen, insbesondere Betonieren, ein Rohr in das Gründungselement eingesetzt wird. Insbesondere können ein oder mehrere Rohre aus Metall oder Kunststoff an dem Bewehrungskorb befestigt sein, welcher nach dem Auffüllen des Aushubloches mit dem Betonmaterial in das noch weiche Betonmaterial eingesetzt wird. Auf diese Weise können ein oder mehrere Leitungen effizient erstellt werden.According to a further embodiment variant of the invention, it is advantageous that, in order to form the line during manufacture, in particular concreting, a pipe is inserted into the foundation element. In particular, one or more pipes made of metal or plastic may be attached to the reinforcing cage, which is used after filling the Aushubloches with the concrete material in the still soft concrete material. In this way, one or more lines can be created efficiently.

Insbesondere ist es auch möglich, dass die Rohre nicht nur zur Sanierung sondern auch zu anderen Zwecken eingesetzt werden. So können als Leitungen Stahlrohre verwendet werden, welche etwa zur Durchführung eines sogenannten CHUM-Verfahrens (Crosshole Ultrasonic Measurement-Verfahren) eingesetzt werden. Mit diesem Messverfahren können die Struktur und Fehlstellen im Gründungselement ermittelt werden.In particular, it is also possible that the pipes are not only used for renovation but also for other purposes. So can be used as pipes steel pipes, which are used for example to carry out a so-called CHUM method (Crosshole Ultrasonic Measurement method). With this measurement method, the structure and defects in the foundation element can be determined.

Das erfindungsgemäße Sanierungsverfahren kann an den unterschiedlichsten Gründungselementen eingesetzt werden. Besonders bevorzugt ist es, dass das Gründungselement als ein Bohrpfahl oder ein Fräswandpanel ausgebildet wird. Das Fräswandpanel kann etwa zum Bilden einer Schlitz- oder Dichtwand vorgesehen sein. Insbesondere bei der Erstellung des Gründungselementes in einem Betonmischverfahren, bei welchem auch Bodenmaterial zum Erzeugen des Betonmaterials für das Gründungselement verwendet wird, kann eine erhöhte Gefahr von Fehlstellenbildungen vorliegen. Somit können auch bei derartigen Gründungselementen schnell und zuverlässig Sanierungen durchgeführt werden.The remediation process according to the invention can be used on a wide variety of foundation elements. It is particularly preferred that the foundation element is formed as a bored pile or a Fräswandpanel. The Fräswandpanel may be provided about to form a slot or sealing wall. In particular, in the preparation of the foundation element in a concrete mixing process in which also soil material is used for producing the concrete material for the foundation element, there may be an increased risk of flaw formation. Thus, even with such foundation elements fast and reliable renovations can be performed.

Ein weiterer Aspekt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens liegt darin, dass zum Öffnen der Leitung eine Hochdrucklanze in die Leitung eingeführt wird oder dass über die Hochdrucklanze ein Schneidmedium unter Hochdruck zugeführt wird, welches eine Wand der Leitung durchschneidet. Derartige Hochdrucklanzen können zuverlässig auch in größeren Tiefen eingesetzt werden.A further aspect of the method according to the invention is that a high-pressure lance is introduced into the line for opening the line or that a cutting medium is supplied under high pressure via the high-pressure lance, which cuts through a wall of the line. Such high-pressure lances can be used reliably even at greater depths.

Als Schneidmedium kann nahezu jedes beliebige Fluid eingesetzt werden. Besonders bevorzugt ist es nach der Erfindung, dass als Schneidmedium Wasser oder das Füllmedium verwendet wird.As a cutting medium almost any fluid can be used. It is particularly preferred according to the invention that water or the filling medium is used as the cutting medium.

Hinsichtlich des Füllmediums kann grundsätzlich je nach Anwendungsfall eine geeignete aushärtbare Suspension in die Fehlstelle eingespritzt werden. In bestimmten Fällen kann dies ein Kunststoffharz sein. Bevorzugt ist es nach der Erfindung, dass als Füllmedium eine Zementsuspension verwendet wird. Die Zementsuspension ist in vorteilhafter Weise dabei so auf das Betongefüge des Gründungselementes abgestimmt, dass nach Aushärtung der Zementsuspension ein besonders homogenes Gefüge über die sanierte Fehlstelle hinweg gegeben ist. Dabei kann auch eine gewisse Menge Schadmaterial als Füllstoff verbleiben, welches von der Zementsuspension umflossen und eingebunden wird.With regard to the filling medium, a suitable curable suspension can in principle be injected into the defect depending on the application. In certain cases, this may be a plastic resin. It is preferred according to the invention that a cement suspension is used as filling medium. The cement suspension is advantageously adjusted to the concrete structure of the foundation element in such a way that, after the cement suspension has hardened, a particularly homogeneous structure is provided over the repaired defect. In this case, a certain amount of harmful material remain as a filler, which is encircled by the cement suspension and integrated.

Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist es vorteilhaft, dass in die Leitung eine Messeinrichtung zum Ermitteln der Fehlstelle eingesetzt wird. Insbesondere ist die Messeinrichtung eine zerstörungsfreie Messeinrichtung, insbesondere auf Ultraschallbasis. So kann zunächst die mindestens eine Leitung zum Ermitteln der Fehlstelle verwendet werden. Anschließend kann die Messeinrichtung wieder aus der Leitung entfernt und dann gegebenenfalls eine Sanierung einer ermittelten Fehlstelle durchgeführt werden. Grundsätzlich können in die Leitung auch andere Messeinrichtungen vor oder nach dem Sanieren eingebracht werden.According to a further embodiment variant of the invention, it is advantageous that a measuring device for detecting the defect is used in the line. In particular, the measuring device is a non-destructive measuring device, in particular based on ultrasound. Thus, at least the first line can be used to determine the defect. Subsequently, the measuring device can be removed from the line again and then possibly a renovation of a detected defect can be performed. In principle, other measuring devices can be introduced before or after the renovation in the line.

Hinsichtlich der Anordnung zum Sanieren eines Gründungselementes aus Betonmaterial wird die eingangs genannte Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass beim Bilden eines Gründungselementes mindestens eine Leitung in dem Gründungselement eingesetzt ist, dass eine Schneideinrichtung vorgesehen ist, mit welcher in der mindestens einen Leitung im Bereich der zu sanierenden Fehlstelle im Gründungselement eine Öffnung erzeugbar ist, welche einen Zugang zu der Fehlstelle bildet, und dass eine Zuführeinrichtung zum Einleiten eines aushärtenden Füllmediums über die Leitung in die Fehlstelle vorgesehen ist. Mit dieser Anordnung kann insbesondere das vorausgehend beschriebene Verfahren durchgeführt werden. Es werden die entsprechenden Vorteile mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung erzielt.With regard to the arrangement for rehabilitating a foundation element made of concrete material, the object mentioned in the introduction is achieved in that when forming a Foundation element at least one line is inserted into the foundation element, that a cutting device is provided, with which in the at least one line in the region of the defect to be rehabilitated in the foundation element an opening can be generated, which forms an access to the defect, and that a feed device for introducing a hardening filling medium is provided via the line in the defect. With this arrangement, in particular, the previously described method can be performed. The corresponding advantages are achieved with the arrangement according to the invention.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, dass mindestens eine Zuleitung und mindestens eine Ableitung angeordnet sind, zwischen denen die Fehlstelle im Gründungselement liegt, dass über die Zuführleitung mittels der Zuführeinrichtung das aushärtbare Füllmedium in die Fehlstelle einleitbar ist und dass über die mindestens eine Ableitung Schadmaterial aus der Fehlstelle nach außerhalb des Gründungselementes ableitbar ist. Auf diese Weise können auch größere Fehlstellen und größere Mengen Schadmaterial effizient aus dem erstellten Gründungselement abgefördert und die Fehlstelle damit saniert werden.A preferred embodiment of the invention is that at least one supply line and at least one discharge line are arranged, between which the defect lies in the foundation element, that via the supply line by means of the feed device, the curable filling medium is introduced into the defect and that over the at least one derivative damaging material from the defect to the outside of the foundation element is derivable. In this way, even larger defects and larger amounts of harmful material can be efficiently removed from the created foundation element and the fault repaired with it.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die mindestens eine Leitung als ein Rohr ausgebildet ist, welches an einem Bewehrungskorb befestigt ist, welcher beim Bilden des Gründungselementes in das Gründungselement eingesetzt ist. Die Leitung ist dabei am unteren Ende geschlossen und ist gegenüber dem noch nicht festen, zähflüssigen Material des Gründungselementes dicht ausgebildet. Vorzugsweise ist das Rohr aus Metall oder Kunststoff gebildet und entlang der Streben des metallischen Bewehrungskorbes angeordnet. Es können auch mehrere Leitungen verteilt über den Querschnitt des Gründungselementes angeordnet sein. Mit dem relativ schweren Bewehrungskorb können somit ein oder mehrere Leitungen positionsgenau im Gründungselement vorgesehen werden.A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the at least one line is formed as a tube which is fixed to a reinforcing cage, which is used in forming the foundation element in the foundation element. The line is closed at the bottom and is sealed against the not yet solid, viscous material of the foundation element. Preferably, the tube is formed of metal or plastic and disposed along the struts of the metallic reinforcing basket. It can also be arranged distributed over the cross section of the foundation element several lines. With the relatively heavy reinforcing cage one or more lines can thus be provided with exact position in the foundation element.

Zum Öffnen der Leitung im Bereich der Fehlstelle kann grundsätzlich jede geeignete Schneideinrichtung zum Einsatz kommen. Bevorzugt ist es nach der Erfindung, dass die Schneideinrichtung eine in die Leitung einsetzbare Hochdrucklanze aufweist, über welche mittels einer Pumpe ein Schneidmedium zum Durchschneiden einer Wand der Leitung im Bereich der Schadstelle unter Hochdruck förderbar ist. Abhängig vom Material der Leitung kann beispielsweise Wasser als Schneidmedium mit einem Druck von bis zu 100 bar und darüber hinaus zur Öffnung der Leitungswand vorgesehen werden. Mit dem Schneidmedium kann nicht nur die Wand sondern auch ein Zugang zu der Fehlstelle durch das Material des Gründungselementes geschaffen werden. Das nachfolgende Füllmedium kann vorzugsweise über dieselbe Hochdrucklanze oder über eine andere Zuführeinrichtung der Fehlstelle zugeführt werden. Insgesamt kann auch die Zu- oder Ableitung verfüllt werden.In principle, any suitable cutting device can be used to open the line in the area of the defect. According to the invention, it is preferred that the cutting device has a high-pressure lance which can be inserted into the line, by means of which a cutting medium can be conveyed under high pressure for cutting through a wall of the line in the area of the damaged area. Depending on the material of the line, for example, water as a cutting medium with a pressure of up to 100 bar and beyond to be provided for opening the conduit wall. With the cutting medium not only the wall but also access to the defect can be created by the material of the foundation element. The subsequent filling medium can preferably be supplied to the defect via the same high-pressure lance or via another feed device. Overall, the inlet or outlet can be filled.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorteilhaft, dass eine Messeinrichtung, insbesondere eine Ultraschallmesseinrichtung, vorgesehen ist, welche zum Ermitteln der Fehlstelle in die Leitung einsetzbar ist. Die Messeinrichtung kann dabei ebenfalls schlauchartig mit einem Messkopf gestaltet sein, um Fehlstellen in der Struktur des erstellten Gründungselementes festzustellen. Nach einer Vermessung der gesamten Struktur des Gründungselementes kann die Messeinrichtung aus der Leitung wieder entfernt werden. Anschließend kann dann gegebenenfalls eine Sanierung über die Leitung gemäß der Erfindung erfolgen.According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous that a measuring device, in particular an ultrasonic measuring device, is provided, which can be used to determine the defect in the line. The measuring device can also be designed like a tube with a measuring head to detect defects in the structure of the created foundation element. After measuring the entire structure of the foundation element, the measuring device can be removed from the line again. Then, if necessary, a renovation can be carried out via the line according to the invention.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen weiter erläutert, welche stark schematisiert in den Zeichnungen dargestellt sind. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Querschnittsansicht durch einen Gründungspfahl mit Fehlstelle und vier Leitungen;
Fig. 2
einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch den Gründungspfahl gemäß Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
eine Querschnittsansicht durch einen weiteren Gründungspfahl mit Fehlstelle; und
Fig. 4
einen Längsschnitt durch den Gründungspfahl gemäß Fig. 3.
The invention will be further elucidated on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments, which are shown very schematically in the drawings. In the drawings show:
Fig. 1
a cross-sectional view through a foundation pile with defect and four lines;
Fig. 2
a schematic longitudinal section through the foundation pile according to Fig. 1 ;
Fig. 3
a cross-sectional view through another foundation pile with defect; and
Fig. 4
a longitudinal section through the foundation pile according to Fig. 3 ,

Gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 ist ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel bei der Sanierung eines pfahlförmigen Gründungselementes 10 im Boden 5 dargestellt. Das etwa pfahlförmige Gründungselement 10 weist eine etwa kreisscheibenförmige Aufstandsfläche 12 und eine zylindrische Mantelfläche 14 auf. Beim Herstellen des Gründungselementes 10 wurden insgesamt vier rohrförmige Leitungen 20 gleichmäßig verteilt über die Querschnittsfläche entlang der Mantelfläche 14 angeordnet. Im unteren Bereich des Gründungselementes 10 liegt eine Fehlstelle 40 vor. Die Fehlstelle 40 ist ein Bereich, in welchem das Gründungselement 10 nicht oder nicht hinreichend mit dem Betonmaterial des Gründungselementes 10 ausgebildet ist. Dies kann etwa durch eingebrochenes umgebendes Bodenmaterial entstehen. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel kann die Fehlstelle 40 im Bereich der Aufstandsfläche 12 die Tragfähigkeit des Gründungselementes 10 negativ beeinflussen.According to the Figures 1 and 2 a first embodiment in the rehabilitation of a pile-shaped foundation element 10 in the bottom 5 is shown. The approximately pile-shaped foundation element 10 has an approximately circular disk-shaped contact surface 12 and a cylindrical lateral surface 14. When manufacturing the foundation element 10, a total of four tubular conduits 20 became uniform distributed over the cross-sectional area along the lateral surface 14. In the lower region of the foundation element 10 is a defect 40 before. The defect 40 is a region in which the foundation element 10 is not or not sufficiently formed with the concrete material of the foundation element 10. This can be caused by broken surrounding soil material. In the present exemplary embodiment, the defect 40 in the region of the contact surface 12 can adversely affect the load capacity of the foundation element 10.

Nach Feststellung der Fehlstelle 40 durch eine grundsätzlich bekannte Messeinrichtung, welche insbesondere nach dem Ultraschallprinzip arbeitet, kann eine Sanierung nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erfolgen. Von den insgesamt vier eingebrachten Leitungen 20 werden eine erste Leitung 20 als Zuleitung 22 und eine zweite Leitung 20 als Ableitung 24 ausgewählt. Im Bereich der Fehlstelle 40 werden die jeweiligen Wände 21 der Zuleitung 22 und der Ableitung 24 zum Bilden eines Zugangs 38 zu der Fehlstelle 40 durchbrochen. Hierzu kann eine nicht dargestellte Hochdruckschneideinrichtung eingesetzt werden.After detection of the defect 40 by a basically known measuring device which operates in particular according to the ultrasonic principle, a renovation can be carried out according to the inventive method. Of the total of four introduced lines 20, a first line 20 as a supply line 22 and a second line 20 as a derivative 24 are selected. In the area of the defect 40, the respective walls 21 of the lead 22 and the lead 24 are broken to form an access 38 to the defect 40. For this purpose, a high-pressure cutting device, not shown, can be used.

Über die Zugänge 38 wird durch die Fehlstelle 40 ein Durchgang 36 gebildet. Ein Füllmedium, insbesondere einer Betonsuspension, wird über die Zuleitung 22 von der Erdoberfläche über eine nicht dargestellte Pumpe in die Fehlstelle 40 eingeleitet. Aufgrund der gebildeten Ableitung 24 kann die Suspension durch die Fehlstelle 40 strömen und unerwünschtes Schadmaterial aus der Fehlstelle 40 durch die Ableitung 24 nach oben aus dem Gründungselement 10 herausfördern.About the entrances 38, a passage 36 is formed by the defect 40. A filling medium, in particular a concrete suspension, is introduced via the feed line 22 from the earth's surface via a pump, not shown, into the defect 40. Due to the discharge 24 formed, the suspension can flow through the defect 40 and convey out unwanted harmful material from the defect 40 through the discharge line 24 upwards out of the foundation element 10.

Nachdem das Schadmaterial hinreichend aus der Fehlstelle 40 herausgefördert ist, wird die weitere Zuführung beendet. Die Fehlstelle 40 ist mit dem Füllmedium verfüllt, welches aushärten kann. Auch das in der Zuleitung 22 und der Ableitung 24 verbliebende Füllmaterial kann aushärten und so insgesamt die Stabilität des Gründungselementes 10 erhöhen. Grundsätzlich kann zum Herausspülen des Schadmateriales auch ein abweichendes Medium, etwa Wasser, verwendet werden.After the harmful material is sufficiently conveyed out of the defect 40, the further supply is terminated. The defect 40 is filled with the filling medium, which can harden. Also, the remaining in the supply line 22 and the discharge 24 filler material can harden and thus increase the overall stability of the foundation element 10. In principle, a different medium, such as water, can be used to flush out the harmful material.

Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Erfindung ist in den Figuren 3 und 4 gezeigt. Wie bei dem vorausgegangenen Ausführungsbeispiel sind insgesamt vier Leitungen 20 über den Querschnitt des Gründungselementes 10 verteilt angeordnet. Die Leitungen 20 wurden bereits beim Erstellen des Gründungselementes 10 in diesem eingegossen. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist eine Fehlstelle 40 ausschließlich im Bereich einer Zuleitung 20 ausgebildet.Another embodiment according to the invention is in the FIGS. 3 and 4 shown. As in the previous embodiment, a total of four lines 20 are arranged distributed over the cross section of the foundation element 10. The lines 20 were already in the creation of the foundation element 10 in this cast. In the present embodiment, a defect 40 is formed exclusively in the region of a feed line 20.

Über diese an die Fehlstelle 40 angrenzende Zuleitung 20 wird eine rohrförmige Zuleitung 22 eingesetzt, welche durchmesserkleiner als die rohrförmige Leitung 20 ist. Durch Öffnen einer Wand 21 der Leitung 20 im Bodenbereich wird so ein erster Zugang 38a zur Fehlstelle 40 geschaffen. Über diesen Zugang 38a kann ein Füllmedium in die Fehlstelle 40 eingeleitet werden.A tube-shaped feed line 22, which is smaller in diameter than the tubular line 20, is inserted via this feed line 20 adjoining the flaw 40. By opening a wall 21 of the conduit 20 in the bottom region, a first access 38a to the defect 40 is thus created. Via this access 38a, a filling medium can be introduced into the defect 40.

Aufgrund der durchmesserkleineren Ausgestaltung der Zuleitung 22 in der durchmessergrößeren Leitung 20 wird ein Ringraum gebildet, welcher als Ableitung 24 dienen kann. Durch Ausbilden eines weiteren zweiten Zuganges 38b oberhalb des ersten Zuganges 38a wird eine weitere, obere Öffnung zu der Fehlstelle 40 geschaffen. Auf diese Weise ist ein Durchgang 36 zwischen dem ersten unteren Zugang 38a der Zuleitung 22 und dem zweiten oberen Zugang 38b der Ableitung 24 gebildet. Somit kann auch in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel bei Verwendung nur einer Leitung 20 ein Austragen von Schadmaterial aus der Fehlstelle 40 über die Ableitung 24 erfolgen, während gleichzeitig Füllmedium über die Zuleitung 22 in die Fehlstelle 40 einströmt.Due to the smaller-diameter design of the supply line 22 in the larger diameter line 20, an annular space is formed, which can serve as a derivative 24. By forming another second access 38b above the first access 38a, another upper opening to the flaw 40 is created. In this way, a passage 36 is formed between the first lower port 38a of the conduit 22 and the second upper port 38b of the conduit 24. Thus, in this embodiment, when using only one line 20, a discharge of harmful material from the defect 40 via the discharge line 24, while at the same time filling medium via the supply line 22 flows into the defect 40.

Die Erfindung kann zur Sanierung von allen Arten von Gründungselementen, also von im Boden erstellten Bauwerkskörpern, eingesetzt werden.The invention can be used for the rehabilitation of all types of foundation elements, that is, of building structures created in the ground.

Claims (14)

  1. Method for renovating a foundation element (10) made of concrete material,
    wherein
    - during the formation of the foundation element (10) at least one line (20) is provided in the foundation element (10),
    - the at least one line (20) is opened in the region of a defect (40) to be renovated in the foundation element (10), wherein a high-pressure lance is introduced into the line (20) and via the high-pressure lance a cutting medium is fed in under high pressure which cuts through a wall of the line (20) and an access (38) to the defect (40) is created, and
    - a hardening filling medium is led into the defect (40).
  2. Method according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    through the filling medium harmful material is flushed out of the defect (40) and conveyed away from the foundation element (10).
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    at least one feed line (22) and at least one discharge line (24) are provided, between which the defect (40) in the foundation element (10) is located,
    in that the at least one feed line (22) and the at least one discharge line (24) are opened in the region of the defect (40), wherein a passage (36) is created through the defect (40) from the feed line (22) to the discharge line (24), and
    in that via the at least one feed line (22) the filling medium is led to the defect (40) and the harmful material is led away from the defect (40) via the at least one discharge line (24).
  4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    for the formation of the line (20) a pipe is inserted into the foundation element (10) during the production, in particular during concreting.
  5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the foundation element (10) is designed as a bored pile or a cut-wall panel.
  6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    for the formation of the line (20) one or several pipes of metal or plastic are provided.
  7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    as cutting medium water or the filling medium is used.
  8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that
    as filling medium a cement suspension is used.
  9. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that
    a measuring means for determining the defect (40) is inserted into the line (20).
  10. Arrangement for renovating a foundation element (10) made of concrete material, in particular in accordance with a method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein
    - during the formation of the foundation element (10) at least one line (20) is inserted into the foundation element (10),
    - a high-pressure lance that can be inserted into the line (20) is provided as a cutting means, with which an opening constituting an access (38) to the defect (40) can be produced in the at least one line (20) in the region of the defect (40) to be renovated in the foundation element (10), and
    - a feed means for leading a hardening filling medium via the line (20) into the defect (40) is provided.
  11. Arrangement according to claim 10,
    characterized in that
    at least one feed line (22) and at least one discharge line (24) are arranged, between which the defect (40) in the foundation element (10) is located,
    in that via the feed line (22) the hardenable filling medium can be led by means of the feed means into the defect (40) and
    in that via the at least one discharge line (24) harmful material can be discharged from the defect (40) to the outside of the foundation element (10).
  12. Arrangement according to claim 11,
    characterized in that
    the at least one line (20) is designed as a pipe which is fixed on a reinforcement cage that is inserted into the foundation element (10) during the formation of the foundation element (10).
  13. Arrangement according to any one of claims 10 to 12,
    characterized in that
    via the cutting means a cutting medium for cutting through a wall (21) of the line (20) in the region of the defect (40) can be conveyed under high pressure by means of a pump.
  14. Arrangement according to any one of claims 10 to 13,
    characterized in that
    a measuring means, in particular an ultrasonic measuring means is provided which can be inserted into the line (20) for determining the defect (40).
EP14163361.0A 2014-04-03 2014-04-03 Method and assembly for renovating a foundation structure made of concrete material Not-in-force EP2927377B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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EP2927377B1 true EP2927377B1 (en) 2016-11-30

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CN113529829A (en) * 2021-07-02 2021-10-22 中铁十九局集团华东工程有限公司 Method for treating excessive thickness of pile bottom sediment of long and large pile foundation and pile body concrete interlayer or loose

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GB1493982A (en) * 1974-09-16 1977-12-07 Balfour Beatty Ltd Artificial or natural structures
ES2343055B1 (en) * 2009-01-20 2011-06-06 Alberto Gonzalo Carracedo PROCEDURE FOR THE REPAIR OF FOUNDATIONS OF AEROGENERATORS.

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