EP2907887B1 - Tôle d'acier laminée à froid à capacité de fixation de forme supérieure et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Tôle d'acier laminée à froid à capacité de fixation de forme supérieure et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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EP2907887B1
EP2907887B1 EP12886281.0A EP12886281A EP2907887B1 EP 2907887 B1 EP2907887 B1 EP 2907887B1 EP 12886281 A EP12886281 A EP 12886281A EP 2907887 B1 EP2907887 B1 EP 2907887B1
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less
cold
steel sheet
rolled steel
equal
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EP2907887A1 (fr
EP2907887A4 (fr
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Taro Kizu
Koichiro Fujita
Hideharu Koga
Masahide Morikawa
Kenji Tahara
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0273—Final recrystallisation annealing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cold-rolled steel sheet which is suitable for members of parts requiring strict dimensional accuracy in the electrical, automotive, building material, and other fields and which has excellent shape fixability and also relates to a method for manufacturing the same.
  • the present invention particularly relates to the enhancement of shape fixability.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses a ferritic steel sheet with excellent shape fixability.
  • steel having a composition containing 0.0001% to 0.05% C, 0.01% to 1.0% Si, 0.01% to 2.0% Mn, 0.15% or less P, 0.03% or less S, 0.01% or less Al, 0.01% or less N, and 0.007% or less O on a mass basis is hot-rolled such that the sum of rolling reductions at a temperature of not lower than the Ar 3 transformation temperature to 950°C is 25% or more and the coefficient of friction during hot rolling at 950°C or lower is 0.2 or less, hot rolling is completed at a temperature not lower than the Ar 3 transformation temperature, and coiling is performed at a temperature not higher than a predetermined critical temperature after cooling, whereby a steel sheet in which the ratio of the ⁇ 100 ⁇ plane to ⁇ 111 ⁇ plane parallel to a sheet surface is 1.0 or more is obtained.
  • a slip system can be controlled during bending and
  • Patent Literature 2 discloses a method for press-forming a formed product with excellent dimensional accuracy.
  • forming is performed using a steel sheet in which the ratio of the ⁇ 100 ⁇ plane to ⁇ 111 ⁇ plane parallel to a sheet surface is 1.0 or more in such a manner that a tensile stress equal to 40% to 100% of the tensile strength of material is applied to a vertical wall portion of a hat-shaped member.
  • a member having significantly increased hat bendability, small springback, and excellent shape fixability can be provided.
  • Patent Literature 1 has problems such as: the degree of improvement in shape fixability is small in the case of performing press forming other than bending, and springback may be large due to the influence of grain boundary sliding or the like even in the case of performing bending.
  • the technique described in Patent Literature 2 has a problem that the effect of improving the dimensional accuracy of a formed product is not obtained in the case of performing press forming other than hat forming and a problem that the blank holding pressure needs to be large in order to apply stress to a vertical wall in the case of performing hat forming and therefore the power of a press needs to be increased, leading to an increase in cost.
  • the present invention solves the problems with the conventional techniques. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cold-rolled steel sheet which has excellent shape fixability and which causes no significant strain in a flat portion of a formed member and a method for manufacturing the same.
  • the inventors have intensively investigated shape fixability, particularly factors affecting the strain of flat portions of formed members, to achieve the above object.
  • the strain of a flat portion of a formed member is significantly affected by the proportional limit of a steel sheet used.
  • the inventors have found that the strain of a flat portion of a formed member is significantly increased particularly when the proportional limit is more than 100 MPa.
  • an ultra-low carbon based chemical composition essentially containing Ti and B needs to be adjusted such that the ratio, B/C, of the content of B to the content of C satisfies 0.5 or more, in order that the proportional limit is 100 MPa or less.
  • Steel materials having a composition containing 0.0010% to 0.035% C, 0.01% to 0.03% Si, 0.10% to 0.45% Mn, 0.03% to 0.08% Al, 0.022% to 0.060% Ti, 0.0003% to 0.0048% B, and 0.0015% to 0.0040% N on a mass basis were subjected to hot rolling and cold rolling and were further subjected to annealing under various heating, holding, and cooling conditions, whereby cold-rolled annealed sheets were obtained.
  • a JIS #5 test specimen was taken from each obtained cold-rolled annealed sheet such that a tensile direction coincided with a rolling direction, followed by determining the proportional limit thereof.
  • a 5 mm strain gauge was attached to a parallel portion of the tensile test specimen and tensile testing was performed at a cross head speed of 1 mm/min. The stress at which the slope of the stress-strain curve thereof began to decrease was defined as the proportional limit thereof.
  • a test specimen (a size of 120 mm ⁇ 120 mm) was taken from each obtained cold-rolled annealed sheet and was then punch stretch formed.
  • Punch stretch forming was performed by press forming in such a manner that a central portion of the test specimen was stretched by 8 mm using a spherical punch with a diameter of 20 mm.
  • a region (hatched portion) with a diameter of 28 mm to 54 mm was pressed with a load of 100 kN and was formed as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the formed test specimen was placed on a platen and a flange portion thereof was measured for maximum strain height.
  • the observation of the obtained cold-rolled annealed sheets showed that all the cold-rolled annealed sheets had a microstructure dominated by ferrite.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 show the relationship between the proportional limit and maximum strain height of each flange portion.
  • Fig. 4 shows the relationship between B/C and the proportional limit.
  • the inventors have found that the shape fixability of a pressed part is increased and particularly the strain of a flat portion of a formed member is significantly reduced by using a steel sheet having a composition which essentially contains Ti and B and in which B/C is 0.5 or more, a microstructure dominated by ferrite, and a proportional limit of 100 MPa or less as material. According to further investigations, the inventors have found that it is effective in enhancing shape fixability that hot rolling conditions are optimized such that C forms a solid solution, cold rolling is performed, and coarse B precipitates containing C and Fe are formed at grain boundaries and also in grains during annealing.
  • the inventors have thought that, in such a microstructure, distributed coarse B precipitates adequately anchor dislocations during press forming to concentrate strain around the precipitates and suppress the intertwining of the dislocations by prevent the dislocations from gathering at grain boundaries, whereby springback is significantly reduced, the proportional limit is reduced, and shape fixability is remarkably enhanced.
  • a cold-rolled steel sheet having a significantly reduced proportional limit and excellent shape fixability after forming can be readily manufactured at low cost. This is industrially particularly advantageous. Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is an effect that the reduction in gauge of a member can be accelerated.
  • C is an element which forms a solid solution to promote the formation of coarse B precipitates and which contributes to a reduction in proportional limit. Such an effect is remarkable when the content thereof is 0.0010% or more. However, when the content thereof is high, more than 0.0030%, the reduction of ductility is caused because the amount of solute C and/or carbides is large and the strength is excessively high. Therefore, C is limited to the range of 0.0010% to 0.0030%. Incidentally, it is preferably 0.0020% or less.
  • Si is limited to 0.05% or less.
  • Mn combines with S, where S significantly reduces hot ductility and is harmful, in steel to form MnS, contributes to rendering S harmless, and has the effect of hardening steel.
  • the content thereof needs to be 0.1% or more.
  • Mn is limited to the range of 0.1% to 0.5%. Incidentally, it is preferably 0.3% or less and more preferably 0.2% or less.
  • P segregates at grain boundaries and has the function of reducing ductility. Therefore, in the present invention, P is preferably minimized and up to 0.05% is acceptable. Hence, P is limited to 0.05% or less. Incidentally, it is preferably 0.03% or less and more preferably 0.02% or less.
  • S is an impurity element and is preferably minimized.
  • S significantly reduces hot ductility, causes hot cracking, significantly deteriorates surface properties, and has adverse influences. Furthermore, S hardly contributes to strength and forms coarse MnS to reduce ductility. This becomes significant when S is more than 0.02%. Therefore, in the present invention, S is limited to 0.02% or less. Incidentally, it is preferably 0.01% or less.
  • Al is an element acting as a deoxidizer. In order to achieve such an effect, 0.02% or more is preferably contained. On the other hand, Al has the function of increasing the ⁇ -to- ⁇ transformation temperature of steel. Therefore, when the content is high, more than 0.10%, it is difficult to complete rolling in a ⁇ -region during hot rolling. Therefore, Al is limited to 0.10% or less.
  • N is an element which combines with a nitride-forming element to form a nitride and which has the function of hardening steel by precipitation hardening.
  • N is limited to 0.0050% or less. Incidentally, it is preferably 0.0030% or less and more preferably 0.0020% or less.
  • Ti is an element which fixes N in the form of a nitride and which has the function of suppressing hardening and aging deterioration due to solute N. In order to achieve such effects, 0.021% or more needs to be contained. However, when the content is high, more than 0.060%, the precipitation of carbides is promoted and the amount of solute C is reduced; hence, the production of coarse B precipitates containing C and Fe is suppressed. Therefore, a desired reduction in proportional limit cannot be achieved. Thus, Ti is limited to the range of 0.021% to 0.060%. Incidentally, it is preferably 0.050% or less.
  • B is an element important in the present invention and forms coarse B precipitates to contribute to a reduction in proportional limit. In order to achieve such an effect, 0.0005% or more needs to be contained. However, when the content is high, more than 0.0050%, slab cracking is caused. Therefore, B is limited to the range of 0.0005% to 0.0050%. Incidentally, it is preferably 0.0010% or more, more preferably 0.0020% or more, and further more preferably 0.0030% or more.
  • C and B are contained in the above ranges and the contents of C and B are adjusted such that the ratio, B/C, of the content of B to the content of C satisfies 0.5 or more.
  • B/C is less than 0.5, it is difficult to form coarse B precipitates. Therefore, B/C is limited to 0.5 or more. Incidentally, it is preferably 1.0 or more, more preferably 1.5 or more, and further more preferably 2.0 or more.
  • Nb and/or 0.06% or less Cr may be contained as a selective element in addition to the fundamental components as required.
  • Nb is an element which combines with N to form a nitride, which fixes N, which suppresses hardening and aging deterioration due to solute N, and which contributes to the enhancement of shape fixability and may be contained as required.
  • 0.001% or more is preferably contained. However, the content is high, more than 0.009%, grains become fine. Therefore, when Nb is contained, Nb is preferably limited to 0.009% or less.
  • Cr is an element which destabilizes C in a solid solution to promote the production of coarse B precipitates containing C and may be contained as required. In order to achieve such an effect, 0.001% or more is preferably contained. However, when the content of Cr is high, more than 0.06%, the production of the coarse B precipitates containing C is inhibited instead. Therefore, when Cr is contained, Cr is preferably limited to 0.06% or less. The remainder other than the above components are Fe and incidental impurities.
  • the cold-rolled steel sheet according to the present invention has a microstructure dominated by ferrite with an average grain size of 10 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the microstructure dominated by ferrite allows the steel sheet to be soft and therefore allows the workability thereof to be enhanced.
  • the term "microstructure dominated by ferrite” as used herein refers to a microstructure in which ferrite (polygonal ferrite) accounts for 95% or more, and more preferably 100%, in terms of area fraction.
  • a secondary phase other than ferrite is preferably cementite or bainite. If the average grain size of ferrite is 10 ⁇ m or more, the concentration of strain at grain boundaries can be suppressed, strain can be concentrated around precipitates, and the proportional limit can be reduced.
  • the average grain size of ferrite is limited to the range of 10 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m. Incidentally, it is preferably 15 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
  • a steel material (slab) with the above composition is used as a starting material.
  • a method for manufacturing the steel material is not particularly limited.
  • Molten steel with the above composition is preferably produced in a regular converter, an electric furnace, or the like and is then solidified into a slab (steel material) by a continuous casting process or an ingot casting-blooming process.
  • the slab is preferably directly hot-rolled without cooling the slab to room temperature when having heat sufficient for hot rolling.
  • the slab is preferably hot-rolled after the slab is temporally charged into a furnace and is heat-retained or the slab is cooled to room temperature and is then reheated to a temperature of 1,100°C to 1,250°C by charging the slab into a furnace.
  • the heated steel material is subjected to a hot rolling step.
  • hot rolling step hot rolling including rough rolling and finish rolling is performed and coiling is then performed.
  • Finish rolling is performed at a finishing delivery temperature of 870°C to 950°C.
  • the finishing delivery temperature When the finishing delivery temperature is low, lower than 870°C, the microstructure is transformed from austenite into ferrite in the course of rolling and therefore it is difficult to control the load of a rolling machine; hence, the risk of causing fracture or the like during processing increases.
  • the fracture or the like during processing can be avoided; however, there is a problem in that the microstructure of the hot-rolled sheet is transformed into unrecrystallized ferrite because of the decrease of the rolling temperature and therefore the load for cold rolling is increased.
  • the finishing delivery temperature when the finishing delivery temperature is high, higher than 950°C, the hot-rolled sheet has a large ferrite grain size.
  • a cold-rolled annealed sheet has an excessively large ferrite grain size.
  • the finishing delivery temperature is limited to the range of 870°C to 950°C.
  • the hot-rolled sheet is coiled. Cooling until coiling after finish rolling is not particularly limited and it is sufficient that the rate of cooling is higher than that of air cooling. There is no particular problem even if quenching is performed at 100 °C/s or more as required.
  • the coiling temperature after the completion of finish rolling ranges from 450°C to 630°C.
  • the coiling temperature is lower than 450°C, acicular ferrite is produced and a steel sheet is hardened; hence, the load for subsequent cold rolling is increased, and also leading to the difficulty in operating hot rolling.
  • the coiling temperature is high, higher than 630°C, the precipitation of carbides is promoted, the amount of solute C is reduced, and therefore a desired amount of solute C cannot be ensured during hot rolling process.
  • the coiling temperature is limited to the range of 450°C to 630°C.
  • the coiled hot-rolled sheet is subjected to an ordinary pickling step and is then subjected to a cold-rolling step, whereby a cold-rolled sheet is obtained.
  • the cold-rolled sheet is obtained by performing cold rolling at a cold-rolling reduction of 90% or less.
  • the cold-rolling reduction is limited to 90% or less. Incidentally, it is preferably 80% or less.
  • the lower limit of the cold-rolling reduction is not particularly limited. However, when the cold rolling reduction is low, the thickness of the hot-rolled sheet needs to be reduced with respect to the predetermined thickness of products and therefore the productivity of hot rolling and pickling is reduced. Hence, the cold-rolling reduction is preferably 50% or more.
  • the cold-rolled sheet is subjected to an annealing step, whereby a cold-rolled annealed sheet is obtained.
  • the annealing step is a step in which heating is performed up to a holding temperature in the range of 700°C to 850°C at an average heating rate of 1 °C/s to 30 °C/s in a temperature region not lower than 600°C, retention is performed at the holding temperature for 30 s to 200 s, and cooling is then performed at a cooling rate of 3 °C/s or more down to 600°C or lower.
  • cold-rolled worked ferrite is recrystallized so as to have a desired average grain size and coarse B precipitates containing C and Fe are distributed at grain boundaries and in grains.
  • Heating rate 1 °C/s to 30 °C/s
  • the average heating rate in a temperature region ranging from 600°C to the holding temperature is less than 1 °C/s, ferrite grains grow significantly and therefore ferrite with a desired average grain size cannot be obtained.
  • the heating rate is high, more than 30 °C/s, TiC is precipitated during heating instead of the production of B precipitates and therefore it is difficult to form desired coarse B precipitates.
  • the average heating rate in a temperature region not lower than 600°C is limited to the range of 1 °C/s to 30 °C/s. Incidentally, it is preferably 5 °C/s or more and more preferably 10 °C/s or more.
  • Holding temperature 700°C to 850°C
  • the holding temperature is 700°C or higher because the recrystallization of cold-worked ferrite needs to be completed.
  • the holding temperature is high, higher than 850°C, ferrite grains become coarse and therefore ferrite with a desired average grain size cannot be obtained.
  • the holding temperature is limited to the range of 700°C to 850°C.
  • the holding time is 30 s or more.
  • the holding time is short, the recrystallization thereof is not completed or ferrite grains remain fine.
  • the holding time is long, more than 200 s, ferrite grains grow excessively.
  • the holding time is limited to the range of 30 s to 200 s.
  • Cooling rate 3 °C/s or more
  • the average cooling rate in a temperature region ranging from the holding temperature to 600°C is limited to 3 °C/s or more.
  • the upper limit of the cooling rate need not be particularly limited and is determined depending on the capacity of a cooling facility. In ordinary cooling facilities, the upper limit of the cooling rate is about 30 °C/s.
  • the coarsening of a microstructure due to the growth of ferrite grains can be suppressed by cooling to 600°C, whereby a microstructure dominated by ferrite with a desired average grain size can be obtained.
  • Conditions for cooling to 600°C or less need not be particularly limited and arbitrary cooling is not particularly problematic.
  • galvanizing may be performed at about 480°C as required.
  • galvannealing may be performed by reheating to 500°C or higher.
  • Thermal history including retention during cooling may be performing.
  • temper rolling may be performed at about 0.5% to 2% as required.
  • electrogalvanizing may be performed for the purpose of enhancing corrosion resistance.
  • a coating may be provided on the cold-rolled steel sheet or a plated steel sheet using chemical conversion or the like.
  • each steel material was roughly rolled into a sheet bar and the sheet bar was finish-rolled at a finishing delivery temperature equal to a temperature (FT) shown in Table 2 and was then coiled at a coiling temperature (CT) shown in Table 2, whereby a hot-rolled sheet with a thickness shown in Table 2.
  • FT temperature
  • CT coiling temperature
  • the cold-rolled sheet is subjected to the annealing step, whereby a cold-rolled annealed sheet was obtained.
  • annealing was performed at a heating rate, a holding temperature, a holding time, and a cooling rate as shown in Table 2. Incidentally, cooling from 600°C or lower to room temperature was performed at a similar cooling rate. After the annealing step was performed, temper rolling was performed at a rolling reduction of 1.0%.
  • the obtained cold-rolled annealed sheets (cold-rolled steel sheets) were subjected to microstructure observation, a tensile test, and a punch stretch forming test. Testing methods were as described below.
  • a test specimen for microstructure observation was taken from each obtained cold-rolled annealed sheet; a cross section (L-cross section) in a rolling direction was polished and was etched; the microstructure thereof was observed and photographed using an optical microscope (a magnification of 100 times) and a scanning electron microscope (a magnification of 1,000 times); and the average grain size of ferrite, the fraction of ferrite, and the type and fraction of a secondary phase were determined by image analysis.
  • the average intercept length of ferrite grains in a 300 ⁇ m ⁇ 300 ⁇ m region was determined in the rolling direction and a thickness direction and the value of 2/(1/A + 1/B) was defined as the average grain size, where A is the average intercept length of the ferrite grains in the rolling direction and B is the average intercept length of the ferrite grains in the thickness direction.
  • the fraction of ferrite was measured in a 300 ⁇ m ⁇ 300 ⁇ m region.
  • a JIS #5 test specimen was taken from each obtained cold-rolled annealed sheet such that a tensile direction coincided with the rolling direction, followed by determining the proportional limit thereof.
  • a strain gauge was attached to a parallel portion of the tensile test specimen and tensile testing was performed at a cross head speed of 1 mm/min, whereby tensile properties (proportional limit, tensile strength, and elongation) were determined.
  • the proportional limit was defined as the stress at which the slope of the stress-strain curve thereof began to decrease.
  • a test specimen (a size of 120 mm ⁇ 120 mm) was taken from each obtained cold-rolled annealed sheet and was then punch stretch formed.
  • Punch stretch forming was performed by press forming in such a manner that a central portion of the test specimen was stretched by 8 mm using a spherical punch with a diameter of 20 mm.
  • a region (hatched portion) with a diameter of 28 mm to 54 mm was depressed with a load of 100 kN and was formed as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the test specimen was placed on a platen and a flange portion thereof was measured for maximum strain height. Obtained results are shown in Table 3.
  • Hot-rolling step Cold-rolling step Annealing step Remarks Heating temperature (°C) Finishing delivery temperature (°C) Coiling temperature (°C) Thickness (mm) Cold-rolling reduction (%) Thickness (mm) Heating rate (°C/s)* Holding temperature (°C) Holding time (s) Cooling rate (°C/s)** 1 A 1200 890 560 2.5 76 0.6 11 770 130 20
  • Example of present invention 6 F 1200 930 580 2.4 75 0.6 15 830 150 10
  • cold-rolled steel sheets have excellent shape fixability with a low proportional limit of 100 MPa or less and flat portions of punch stretch formed members having a maximum strain height of 0.8 mm or less.
  • the proportional limit is more than 100 MPa or the maximum strain height is large, more than 0.8 mm, and shape fixability is low.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Tôle d'acier laminée à froid à capacité de fixation de forme supérieure, ayant une composition chimique constituée de 0,0010 % à 0,0030 % de C, 0,05 % ou moins de Si, 0,1 % à 0,5 % de Mn, 0,05 % ou moins de P, 0,02 % ou moins de S, 0,10 % ou moins d'Al, 0,0050 % ou moins de N, 0,021 % à 0,060 % de Ti et de 0,0005 % à 0,050 % de B sur une base massique, de telle sorte que B/C soit supérieur ou égal à 0,5, et éventuellement au moins l'un de 0,009 % ou moins de Nb et 0,06 % ou moins de Cr sur une base massique, le reste étant du Fe et des impuretés inévitables ; une microstructure à dominante ferrite avec une grosseur de grain moyenne de 10 µm à 30 µm ; et une limite de proportionnalité de 100 MPa ou moins.
  2. Tôle d'acier laminée à froid selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la teneur en Nb va de 0,001 % à 0,009 % sur une base massique.
  3. Tôle d'acier laminée à froid selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la teneur en Cr va de 0,001 % à 0,06 % sur une base massique.
  4. Tôle d'acier laminée à froid selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le rapport B/C est supérieur ou égal à 0,5 et inférieur ou égal à 5.
  5. Tôle d'acier laminée à froid selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle le rapport B/C est supérieur ou égal à 1,0 et inférieur ou égal à 3,3.
  6. Tôle d'acier laminée à froid selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle le rapport B/C est supérieur ou égal à 1,5 et inférieur ou égal à 3,3.
  7. Tôle d'acier laminée à froid selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la limite de proportionnalité est supérieure ou égale à 40 MPa et inférieure ou égale à 100 MPa.
  8. Tôle d'acier laminée à froid selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la microstructure à dominante ferrite contient 95 % ou plus de ferrite en termes de fraction surfacique.
  9. Procédé de fabrication d'une tôle d'acier laminée à froid à capacité de fixation de forme supérieure, comprenant la soumission d'un matériau d'acier à une étape de laminage à chaud, une étape de décapage, une étape de laminage à froid et une étape de recuit, dans cet ordre, dans lequel le matériau d'acier a une composition constituée de 0,0010 % à 0,0030 % de C, 0,05 % ou moins de Si, 0,1 % à 0,5 % de Mn, 0,05 % ou moins de P, 0,02 % ou moins de S, 0,10 % ou moins d'Al, 0,0050 % ou moins de N, 0,021 % à 0,060 % de Ti et de 0,0005 % à 0,050 % de B sur une base massique, de telle sorte que B/C soit supérieur ou égal à 0,5, et éventuellement au moins l'un de 0,009 % ou moins de Nb et 0,06 % ou moins de Cr sur une base massique, le reste étant du Fe et des impuretés inévitables ; l'étape de laminage à chaud est une étape au cours de laquelle le matériau d'acier est chauffé, soumis à un laminage de dégrossissage, soumis à un laminage de finissage à une température de sortie de finissage de 870 °C à 950 °C et enroulé à une température d'enroulement de 450 °C à 630 °C ; l'étape de laminage à froid est une étape au cours de laquelle un laminage à froid est effectué à un taux de réduction par laminage de 90 % ou moins ; et l'étape de recuit est une étape au cours de laquelle un chauffage est effectué jusqu'à une température de maintien dans la plage de 700 °C à 850 °C à une vitesse de chauffage moyenne de 1 °C/s à 30 °C/s dans une région de température non inférieure à 600 °C, une rétention est effectuée à la température de maintien pendant 30 s à 200 s, et un refroidissement est ensuite effectué à une vitesse de refroidissement de 3 °C/s ou plus dans une région de température descendant jusqu'à 600 °C.
  10. Procédé de fabrication de la tôle d'acier laminée à froid selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle la teneur en Nb va de 0,001 % à 0,009 % sur une base massique.
  11. Procédé de fabrication de la tôle d'acier laminée à froid selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle la teneur en Cr va de 0,001 % à 0,06 % sur une base massique.
  12. Procédé de fabrication de la tôle d'acier laminée à froid selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle le rapport B/C est supérieur ou égal à 0,5 et inférieur ou égal à 5.
  13. Procédé de fabrication de la tôle d'acier laminée à froid selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle le rapport B/C est supérieur ou égal à 1,0 et inférieur ou égal à 3,3.
  14. Procédé de fabrication de la tôle d'acier laminée à froid selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle le rapport B/C est supérieur ou égal à 1,5 et inférieur ou égal à 3,3.
EP12886281.0A 2012-10-11 2012-10-11 Tôle d'acier laminée à froid à capacité de fixation de forme supérieure et son procédé de fabrication Not-in-force EP2907887B1 (fr)

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CN (1) CN104870678A (fr)
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KR101819358B1 (ko) * 2016-08-12 2018-01-17 주식회사 포스코 성형성이 우수한 고강도 박강판 및 그 제조방법
WO2018117228A1 (fr) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-28 新日鐵住金株式会社 Profilé acier en h et procédé pour le fabriquer
KR20210079460A (ko) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-30 주식회사 포스코 경도와 가공성이 우수한 구조부용 냉연강판 및 그 제조방법
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EP2907887A1 (fr) 2015-08-19
KR20150060957A (ko) 2015-06-03
CN104870678A (zh) 2015-08-26
US20150252456A1 (en) 2015-09-10
WO2014057519A1 (fr) 2014-04-17
EP2907887A4 (fr) 2015-12-02
JPWO2014057519A1 (ja) 2016-08-25
IN2015KN00599A (fr) 2015-07-17

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