EP2904624B1 - Dispositif de commutation - Google Patents

Dispositif de commutation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2904624B1
EP2904624B1 EP13798977.8A EP13798977A EP2904624B1 EP 2904624 B1 EP2904624 B1 EP 2904624B1 EP 13798977 A EP13798977 A EP 13798977A EP 2904624 B1 EP2904624 B1 EP 2904624B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
contact
switching device
magnetic field
arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13798977.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2904624A1 (fr
Inventor
Karsten Freundt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2904624A1 publication Critical patent/EP2904624A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2904624B1 publication Critical patent/EP2904624B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6641—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings making use of a separate coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H01H2009/365—Metal parts using U-shaped plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching device with a contact system of a moving contact and a fixed contact and an arc extinguishing device.
  • Switchgear with a contact system consisting of a moving contact and a fixed contact and an arc extinguishing device are known from the state of the art, for example in the field of low voltage as a switch with a fixed contact and a rotatably mounted moving contact, wherein an arc extinguishing device is provided in the form of quenching plates.
  • medium-voltage range switching devices are known, for example, as vacuum interrupters, which have a vacuum-tight housing vacuum-movably led out moving contact and also vacuum-tight led out of the vacuum housing fixed contact, which form a contact system within the vacuum housing, wherein the arc extinguishing device is formed by slots in the contacts of the contact system which slots are provided for generating a magnetic field and lead to the expansion or rotation of an arc, which is extinguished at a current zero crossing.
  • An arc extinguishing device which displaces an arc by means of a magnetic field into an extinguishing device.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a switching device, which has improved arc extinguishing properties.
  • a switching device with a contact system comprising a moving contact, which is movable along a direction of movement, and a Fixed contact, as well as an arc extinguishing device with an arrangement for generating a trained in a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement magnetic field and an electrode assembly of a first, with the moving contact conductive connected electrode and a second, conductively connected to the fixed contact electrode, wherein the first and the second electrode are arranged such that an electric field between the first and the second electrode perpendicular to the direction of movement and perpendicular to the magnetic field can be formed.
  • Such a switching device has improved arc extinguishing properties, because by the arrangement for generating a magnetic field and the electrode assembly occurring in the case of a short-circuit current in a separate contact system arc, which has as plasma electrically conductive particles, and there formed in the arrangement for generating the magnetic field magnetic field in the electrode arrangement of the first and second electrodes, an electric field can be generated because the charged, electrically conductive particles of the plasma of the arc move due to the movement in the magnetic field to the electrodes, and build there an electric field, which leads to the generation of a countercurrent , which is opposite to the external applied voltage and thus counteracts the arc-burning voltage and causes the arc extinguishing or supports.
  • Such a switching device can be used both for DC operation as well as for AC operation, because the trained by the magnetic field generating arrangement and the electrode array in DC operation for arc extinction sufficient and in AC operation, the same effect during a half-wave of the AC is also sufficient to counteract the arc flash voltage and assist arc quenching.
  • the underlying principle is that of a known in itself magnetohydrodynamic generator, in which the movement of a stream of conductive particles in a magnetic field caused by the force of the magnetic field on the conductive particles on an electrode assembly generates an electric field and the DC current flow leads.
  • This electric field generated in the electrode assembly is in the switching device according to the invention advantageously the outer voltage applied and thus the arc voltage aligned opposite and causes or thus supports advantageously the arc extinguishing.
  • the arrangement for generating the magnetic field comprises a U-shaped iron core whose base is arranged between the fixed contact and a current loop forming electrical connection line of the fixed contact and the two legs extend along the contact system to this.
  • a type of SLOT motor is formed by the U-shaped iron core in the arrangement according to the advantageous embodiment, in which when a sufficiently high current between the legs of the U-shaped iron core occurs, a magnetic field is generated, which is a force on the Moving contact of the contact system exerts, which leads to the opening of the contact system. Furthermore, this arrangement of the U-shaped iron core and the magnetic field generated thereby also ensures a force on the electrically conductive particles or particles of the plasma stream, which can be exploited to build up the opposing field on the electrode arrangement.
  • the first electrode extends laterally from the moving contact in the direction of the fixed contact and the second electrode laterally from the fixed contact in the direction of the moving contact such that in interrupted contact system, the first electrode and the second electrode to one between the moving contact and the fixed contact formed space along the same extend.
  • the moving contact is electrically isolated with a drive mechanically coupled and conductively connected by a first sliding contact with a first electrical connection of the switching device.
  • a sliding contact and a flexible conductor can serve for connection.
  • Such a sliding contact or flexible conductor is an easy way to electrically conductively connect a first electrical connection of the switching device to the moving contact and at the same time to ensure the movement of the moving contact for opening or closing the contact system of the switching device.
  • the first electrode is conductively connected via a second sliding contact with the first electrical connection of the switching device.
  • a second flexible conductor can serve for connection.
  • a second sliding contact or a second flexible conductor for the electrically conductive connection of the first electrode to the first electrical terminal of the switching device also allows in a simple manner an electrically conductive connection while ensuring the mobility of the moving contact.
  • the contact system and the arc extinguishing device may be arranged differently, for example in an air-insulated housing.
  • the contact system and the arc extinguishing device are arranged in a vacuum-tight housing, wherein a BewegCountan gleichbolzen is led out vacuum-tight movable from the vacuum housing.
  • the order the contact system and the arc extinguishing device in a vacuum-tight housing is particularly advantageous when the switching device is to be used in the range of medium voltage, because in such a vacuum interrupter an arc in the form of a metal vapor plasma with extremely high conductivity when interrupting the contact system caused by a short circuit current.
  • the short-circuit current which is to be interrupted in the range of the medium voltage high, so that a large magnetic field can be generated by the arrangement for generating the magnetic field.
  • the electric field which can be generated between the electrode arrangement is sufficient to effect the extinction of the arc.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a switching device 1 with a first electrical connection 2 and a second electrical connection 3 for connection to, for example, a switchgear in the field of energy distribution.
  • the switching device 1 is provided for interrupting the power distribution of the switchgear, for example, in the case of a present Short circuit, which is detected by a control device, not shown figuratively and leads to the initiation of a drive movement in a figuratively also not shown drive the switching device 1, whereby a contact system 4 of the switching device 1 can be interrupted.
  • the contact system 4 comprises a fixed contact 5, which is fixedly arranged and is conductively connected to the second electrical connection 3 via a current loop 6, and a moving contact 7 which conducts by means of an electrical line 8 and a first sliding contact 9 with the first electrical connection 2 is connected and mechanically coupled by means of a drive rod 10, which is electrically insulating, with the drive of the switching device 1, not shown figuratively.
  • a drive rod 10 which is electrically insulating, with the drive of the switching device 1, not shown figuratively.
  • the sliding contact 9 may also serve a flexible conductor, for example in the form of a current band or the like, for conductive connection.
  • a bearing 11 is provided on the drive rod 10 to ensure guided movement of the drive rod and to accommodate any transverse forces that may occur.
  • the moving contact 7 is at the initiation of a drive movement and unlatching the latched in normal operation drive rod in the embodiment of FIG. 1 moved in a direction of movement upwards or when the short circuit has been eliminated and the contact system is to be closed again due to a control command moves in a downward direction, indicated by the direction of movement arrow designated 12.
  • An arrangement 13 for generating a magnetic field is provided, which is formed by a U-shaped iron core 14, of which in the FIG. 1 only the base 15 can be seen, which is arranged between the fixed contact 5 and the current loop 6 and extend their legs from the base to the contact system 4 upwards, as explained in more detail below with reference to Figure 2.
  • the arrangement 13 for generating a magnetic field is provided to generate a magnetic field in the event of a short-circuit current occurring, which in a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement of the moving contact is trained.
  • a first electrode 16 is electrically conductively connected via a second sliding contact 17 with the electrical line 8 and thus with the moving contact 7 and the first electrical connection 2 and extends laterally from the moving contact 7 in the direction of the fixed contact 5.
  • the second sliding contact 17 may also serve a flexible conductor, for example in the form of a current band or the like, for conductive connection.
  • a second electrode 18 is conductively connected to the current loop 6 and thus to fixed contact 5 and the second electrical connection 3 and extends from the fixed contact 5 laterally in the direction of the moving contact 7, wherein the first electrode 16 and the second electrode 18 are arranged such that they extend around the contact system 4 and the formation of an electric field between the first electrode 16 and the second electrode 18 is perpendicular to the movement direction 12 of the moving contact 7 as well as perpendicular to the magnetic field generated by the arrangement 13 for generating a magnetic field.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of the switching device 1, wherein in the FIG. 2 the moving contact 7 and the drive rod 10 can be seen, as well as the base 15 and a first leg 19 and a second leg 20 of the arrangement 13 for generating the magnetic field, wherein the first leg 19 and the second leg 20 of the base 15 upwards the Cover contact system 4 surrounding.
  • the first electrode 16 and the second electrode 18 are also in the FIG. 2 recognizable, wherein the first electrode 16 and the second electrode 18 also extend around the contact system 4 such that an electric field can be generated, which is perpendicular to the direction of movement 12 of the moving contact 7 and perpendicular to the magnetic field of the assembly 13 can be formed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of the switching device 1, wherein in the FIG. 2 the moving contact 7 and the drive rod 10 can be seen, as well as the base 15 and a first leg 19 and a second leg 20 of the arrangement 13 for generating the magnetic field, wherein the first leg 19 and the second leg 20 of the base 15 upwards the Cover contact
  • the moving contact 7 is shown as a circular contact, but the function of the switching device 1 with the arc extinguishing device is independent of the geometric shape of fixed contact 5 and moving contact 7, as long as the above conditions for the electrode assembly and the arrangement for generating the magnetic field are met.
  • FIG. 3 the switching device 1 with already broken contact system 4 shows, with a gap 21 is formed between the moving contact 7 and the fixed contact 5, since after detection of the short-circuit current by a control device, the drive rod 10 unlatches and the drive has initiated a drive movement in the drive rod 10, wherein the opening of the contact system 4 is supported by the arrangement 13 for generating a magnetic field which, in the case of a short-circuit current, initially functions like a SLOT motor and generates a repulsive force between moving contact and fixed contact, which promotes the opening of the contact system 4.
  • the open contact system 4 as in the FIG.
  • an arc 22 is ignited in the space 21, schematically represented by the jagged arrows 23 and 24, which forms a metal vapor plasma.
  • the first electrical terminal 2 is provided with negative polarity and the second electrical terminal 3 with positive polarity, this may be corresponding to an external applied DC voltage or the polarity within a half-wave of an external applied alternating current. While this polarity is present, a technical current flows according to the current arrows marked with i, thus electrically positively charged particles move according to the technical current direction in the gap 21 from the fixed contact 5 to the moving contact 7 and accordingly electrically negatively charged particles from the moving contact 7 to Move fixed contact 5 downwards.
  • the upward moving positive charge carriers experience a force to the right, which they to the first electrode 16 moves, whereas the negative charge carriers undergo a force to the left due to the magnetic field, which moves them to the second electrode 18, so that a counter electric field arises between the first electrode 16 and the second electrode 18, which corresponds to the external applied driving voltage and so that the arc-firing voltage is directed opposite and leads within a very short time to collapse or to extinguish the arc in the space 21.
  • both the drive rod 10 and the electrical leads 8 to the moving contact and possibly to the first electrode 16 to be designed so that both the movement and the electrical connection of the moving contact 7 is vacuum-tight movable introduced into the vacuum-tight housing of the vacuum interrupter.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Appareil (1) de commutation, comprenant un système (4) de contact composé d'un contact (7) mobile, qui est mobile dans une direction (12) de déplacement, et un contact (5) fixe, ainsi qu'un dispositif d'extinction d'un arc électrique, ayant un agencement (13) de production d'un champ magnétique constitué dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction (12) de déplacement et un agencement d'électrodes composé d'une première électrode (16), reliée de manière conductrice au contact (7) mobile, et d'une deuxième électrode (18), reliée d'une manière conductrice au contact fixe, la première électrode (16) et la deuxième électrode (18) étant disposées, de manière à pouvoir constituer , entre la première électrode (16) et la deuxième électrode (18), un champ électrique perpendiculaire à la direction (12) de déplacement et perpendiculaire au champ magnétique.
  2. Appareil (1) de commutation suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'agencement (13) de production du champ magnétique comprend un noyau (14) de fer en forme de U, dont la base (15) est disposée entre le contact (5) fixe et une ligne électrique, formant une boucle (6) de courant, de connexion du contact (5) fixe et dont les deux branches (19,, 20) s'étendent le long du système (4) de contact autour de celui-ci.
  3. Appareil (1) de commutation suivant la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la première électrode (16) s'étend, latéralement du contact (7) mobile, dans la direction du contact (5) fixe et la deuxième électrode (18), latéralement du contact (5) fixe, dans la direction du contact (7) mobile, de manière à ce que, lorsque le système (4) de contact est interrompu, la première électrode (16) et la deuxième électrode (18) s'étendent autour d'un espace (21) intermédiaire, formé entre le contact (7) mobile et le contact (5) fixe, le long de cet espace.
  4. Appareil (1) de commutation suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le contact (7) mobile, isolé électriquement, est accouplé mécaniquement à un entraînement et est relié d'une manière conductrice à une première borne (2) électrique de l'appareil (1) de commutation au moyen d'un premier contact (9) glissant ou d'un contact souple.
  5. Appareil (1) de commutation suivant la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la première électrode (16) est reliée d'une manière conductrice à la première borne (2) électrique de l'appareil (1) de commutation par un deuxième contact (17) glissant ou par un deuxième conducteur souple.
  6. Appareil (1) de commutation suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le système (4) de contact et le dispositif d'extinction d'un arc électrique sont disposés dans une enveloppe étanche au vide, un axe de connexion du contact mobile, sortant d'une manière étanche au vide et en étant mobile, de l'enveloppe sous vide.
EP13798977.8A 2012-12-05 2013-11-21 Dispositif de commutation Active EP2904624B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012222328.2A DE102012222328B4 (de) 2012-12-05 2012-12-05 Schaltgerät
PCT/EP2013/074356 WO2014086587A1 (fr) 2012-12-05 2013-11-21 Dispositif de commutation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2904624A1 EP2904624A1 (fr) 2015-08-12
EP2904624B1 true EP2904624B1 (fr) 2018-06-13

Family

ID=49683698

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13798977.8A Active EP2904624B1 (fr) 2012-12-05 2013-11-21 Dispositif de commutation

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US9502195B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2904624B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6022708B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20150093727A (fr)
CN (1) CN104903985B (fr)
DE (1) DE102012222328B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014086587A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201503581B (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105510815A (zh) * 2015-11-27 2016-04-20 平高集团有限公司 一种故障电弧试验装置
KR101829638B1 (ko) 2016-03-11 2018-03-29 엘에스산전 주식회사 아크 제거기
DE102016212335B4 (de) 2016-07-06 2019-08-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltgerät mit Lichtbogenlöschvorrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Schaltgeräts
CN113363098A (zh) * 2021-03-30 2021-09-07 中国石油大学(华东) 一种井下作业的自熄弧放电开关结构

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US4021628A (en) 1975-01-20 1977-05-03 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Vacuum fault current limiter
DE3474081D1 (en) * 1983-05-09 1988-10-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Circuit breaker of spiral arc type
JPS6178016A (ja) * 1984-09-25 1986-04-21 松下電工株式会社 密封型接点装置
US4743720A (en) * 1985-11-25 1988-05-10 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Current limiting circuit interrupter
US5138122A (en) * 1990-08-29 1992-08-11 Eaton Corporation Bi-directional direct current switching apparatus having arc extinguishing chambers alternatively used according to polarity applied to said apparatus
EP0577185B1 (fr) * 1992-06-25 1996-04-17 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Dispositif à contact étanché
US5680084A (en) * 1994-11-28 1997-10-21 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Sealed contact device and operating mechanism
FR2745946B1 (fr) * 1996-03-08 1998-04-17 Schneider Electric Sa Interrupteur ou disjoncteur electrique sous vide
DE19714655C2 (de) * 1997-04-09 2002-10-17 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Konditionieren einer Vakuumschaltkammer
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JP5197480B2 (ja) 2009-05-14 2013-05-15 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 電磁継電器
US8866034B2 (en) * 2011-04-14 2014-10-21 Carling Technologies, Inc. Arc runner with integrated current path that develops a magnetic field to boost arc movement towards splitter plates
JP5809443B2 (ja) * 2011-05-19 2015-11-10 富士電機株式会社 接点機構及びこれを使用した電磁接触器
CN102737914A (zh) 2012-07-02 2012-10-17 戴丁志 消弧式无极性接触器

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9502195B2 (en) 2016-11-22
JP2016502745A (ja) 2016-01-28
CN104903985B (zh) 2018-07-20
KR20150093727A (ko) 2015-08-18
ZA201503581B (en) 2016-09-28
JP6022708B2 (ja) 2016-11-09
EP2904624A1 (fr) 2015-08-12
DE102012222328A1 (de) 2014-06-05
CN104903985A (zh) 2015-09-09
DE102012222328B4 (de) 2021-06-02
US20150318129A1 (en) 2015-11-05
WO2014086587A1 (fr) 2014-06-12

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