EP2877806B2 - Method and apparatus for cleaning surfaces of a finned heat exchanger - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for cleaning surfaces of a finned heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2877806B2
EP2877806B2 EP13759427.1A EP13759427A EP2877806B2 EP 2877806 B2 EP2877806 B2 EP 2877806B2 EP 13759427 A EP13759427 A EP 13759427A EP 2877806 B2 EP2877806 B2 EP 2877806B2
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Prior art keywords
water
compressed air
pressure
jet nozzle
jet
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2877806A1 (en
EP2877806B1 (en
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Jens-Werner Kipp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G9/00—Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/0075—Nozzle arrangements in gas streams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0483—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with gas and liquid jets intersecting in the mixing chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
    • F28G1/16—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
    • F28G1/166—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris from external surfaces of heat exchange conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cleaning the lamellae of lamellar heat exchangers, with the features of the preamble of claim 1
  • a cleaning system for lamellar heat exchangers is, for example, from WO 2010/133932 A1 known.
  • Chemical cleaning agents are also used for cleaning, which then have to be removed again with a water jet, whereby larger amounts of wastewater contaminated with chemicals arise.
  • This wastewater has to be collected on the earth's surface - if at all possible.
  • the area around the lamellar heat exchanger must be protected in order to prevent damage to the environment.
  • the aim and purpose of the invention is to provide a method for cleaning lamellar heat exchangers which has a gentle but effective cleaning effect with little use of water and the avoidance of chemicals.
  • a cleaning process is provided by means of a low-pressure cleaning process using compressed air and small amounts of water as the blasting agent, which is particularly suitable for cleaning lamellar heat exchangers. Since compressed air with a low water content has a much lower density than a water jet and can also be brought to a very high speed through a corresponding nozzle, complete penetration of the heat exchanger is achieved even at low pressure of the carrier gas.
  • the use of a low jet pressure which is only generated by means of compressed air and a small amount of pure water without additives, enables gentle but effective cleaning of the lamellas in the entire depth of the exchanger.
  • the lamellar surfaces to be cleaned are aligned parallel to the nozzle jet. Since, in contrast to the use of the method for other surfaces, such as B. graphite or foils, the jet angle on the surfaces to be cleaned is close to 0 °, the jet pressure exerted on the surfaces is very low here.
  • the surprising cleaning effect here cannot result from the impact of the nozzle jet on the surface, but rather results surprisingly from the frictional effect of the nozzle jet on the surfaces of the lamellas.
  • the problem is solved according to the invention in that compressed air is fed to a jet nozzle which has a section converging to a constriction and an adjoining diverging section, and the water is preferably fed into the carrier gas flow upstream of the constriction, possibly in or downstream of the constriction of the jet nozzle fed in and thus brought to high speed, at least approximately the speed of sound or to supersonic speed.
  • Tests have shown that at a relatively low pressure of the compressed air from 1 bar, preferably from 1.5 bar and thus a relatively low jet contact pressure, a complete penetration of the nozzle jet by the lamellar heat exchanger is achieved.
  • the jet pressure can be increased as much as the strength of the lamellas allows. This also removes solid or sticky layers of dirt without bending or otherwise damaging the thin lamellae.
  • a flat nozzle is preferably used to achieve uniform cleaning with as few overlapping areas as possible. The flat nozzle is used for cleaning "Normal" surfaces often have a lower cleaning effect than a round nozzle, but when cleaning lamellar heat exchangers, the nozzle jet gets into the narrow channels of the lamellar heat exchanger more effectively, as the rebound effects on the front of the exchanger are greatly reduced. This leads to an improved and even cleaning effect.
  • the throughput of the carrier gas is 4000 liters per minute, preferably 6000 liters per minute.
  • the amount of water supplied in liters in relation to the compressed air should preferably be less than 1: 1000 a distance of at least 30 mm in front of the constriction of the jet nozzle be at least 50% of the pressure of the compressed air, but preferably be similar to or higher than the pressure of the compressed air. If the supplied water is metered in at a distance of less than 30 mm from the nozzle constriction or in or downstream of the nozzle constriction, the water pressure can be reduced or added without pressure depending on the pressure of the compressed air, which decreases due to the increase in speed. The water is then sucked in by the high flow speed of the water.
  • the nozzle jet can be made to pulsate through the design of the water pump and / or through corresponding valves in the water and / or compressed air supply, which leads to an intensification of the cleaning effect. If there is sufficient pre-pressure of the water, an additional pump to increase the pressure of the water can be dispensed with. An improvement in the cleaning effect can also be achieved by heating the compressed air e.g. B. are caused by means of heat exchangers to z. B. to be able to clean heavily oil-contaminated surfaces faster and more successfully.
  • the required water preferably has drinking water quality, but also properties close to drinking water quality.
  • a device for carrying out the cleaning of fins of a lamellar heat exchanger is provided for the method. Only compressed air and water are preferably used for cleaning.
  • the device here comprises a jet nozzle with a feed for the compressed air, the jet nozzle having a section that converges to a constriction and a section that adjoins it.
  • a supply line for the water is also provided, which is used to add the water before, in or after the Jet nozzle is formed.
  • the ratio of the volume of the amount of water to the volume of the amount of compressed air is less than 1: 1000, preferably less than 1: 2000.
  • the jet nozzle is designed to be convergent-divergent, preferably as a Laval nozzle.
  • a suitable throttle valve for regulating the amount of water is fitted in the liquid supply upstream of the jet device.
  • the water / liquid is fed to the carrier gas directly or via a distribution chamber with at least one outlet opening.
  • a membrane pump or a piston pump is preferably provided for conveying the water / the liquid.
  • the displacement should be less than 1.00 liters.
  • a pressure booster can be arranged behind the diaphragm pump. Interrupter valves for water and / or compressed air can be provided in order to generate a pulsating nozzle jet; additional changing line diameters from the water inlet to the pump can also bring about desired voltage changes in the water.
  • the water can be conveyed by any type of pump, preferably a diaphragm pump or piston pump, which draws in the water, but can also accept it from a water hose under pressure.
  • a water pump operated by compressed air is that no additional power supply is required, with hour meters, etc. being able to be supplied by a miniature battery or other external power sources.
  • a pressure booster is installed behind the diaphragm pump or piston pump, the pressure of the control air can be kept low, although the water pressure can be increased well above the control pressure.
  • the generation of a pulsating jet can be caused by the design of the pump as a diaphragm pump and / or by the use of interrupter valves for water and / or compressed air.
  • the line from the water inlet to the pump can have different diameters.
  • a flat nozzle is used for the device particularly advantageous.
  • the use of a lance with an adjustable jet angle is particularly advantageous for cleaning hard-to-reach areas.
  • Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a jet nozzle 1 in which the line 2 serving to supply the water is led into a distribution space 3 and then through the outlet openings 4 into the jet line 5 which opens into the jet nozzle 1.
  • the pressurized compressed air 9 and water are fed to the jet nozzle 1.
  • the jet nozzle 1 here has a section 7 converging to a constriction 6 and an adjoining diverging section 8 Compressed air flow are metered.
  • Figure 2 shows a further example of a jet nozzle 1, in which the line 2 serving to supply the water opens directly into the jet line 5.
  • Figure 3 shows a further example of a jet nozzle 1, the line 2 serving to supply the water opening into the jet nozzle 1 directly in front of the constriction 6.
  • Figure 4 shows a modified example of the flat jet nozzle 1, in which the line 2 used to supply the water is led into a distribution space 3 and then through the outlet openings 4 into the jet line 5 which opens into the jet nozzle 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Reinigung der Lamellen von Lamellenwärmetauschern, mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruch 1The invention relates to a method for cleaning the lamellae of lamellar heat exchangers, with the features of the preamble of claim 1

Stand der Technik:State of the art:

Es ist bereits bekannt, bei Höchstdruckstrahlgeräten (ab 800 bar Druck) zusätzlich Druckluft einzusetzen. Dabei werden größere Wassermengen mit relativ kleinen Luftmengen beaufschlagt, um eine höhere Reinigungswirkung zu erzielen. Da hier die mit hohem Druck ausgestoßenen Wassermengen überwiegen, wird eine beträchtliche Gewalt auf die zu reinigenden Teile ausgeübt, die zu Beschädigungen führen kann. Für viele Oberflächen ist herstellerseitig nur ein geringer Wasserdruck zugelassen, der zumeist nicht genügend Reinigungskraft entwickelt. Ein Wasserdruck von z. B. über 10 bar oder der Zusatz von Strahlmitteln auch weicher Art können hier bereits zur Zerstörung der Teile oder zu einer unerwünschten Aufrauung der Oberflächen führen.It is already known to additionally use compressed air with high pressure blasting devices (from 800 bar pressure). Relatively small amounts of air are applied to larger amounts of water in order to achieve a higher cleaning effect. Since the amounts of water expelled at high pressure predominate here, considerable force is exerted on the parts to be cleaned, which can lead to damage. For many surfaces, only a low water pressure is permitted by the manufacturer, which usually does not develop enough cleaning power. A water pressure of e.g. B. over 10 bar or the addition of blasting abrasives, even of a soft type, can already lead to the destruction of the parts or an undesirable roughening of the surfaces.

Ein Reinigungssystem für Lamellenwärmetauscher ist beispielsweise aus der WO 2010/133932 A1 bekannt.A cleaning system for lamellar heat exchangers is, for example, from WO 2010/133932 A1 known.

Eine Reinigung von Lamellenwärmetauschern mit einem Hochdruckreiniger kann hierbei zu beträchtlichen Schäden führen vor allen Dingen, wenn die Strahlvorrichtung nicht genau 90° zu den empfindlichen Lamellen beträgt. Hierbei trifft der mit hohem Druck an der Düse austretende Wasserstrahl schräg auf die empfindlichen Lamellen, was zu erheblichen Beschädigungen führen kann.Cleaning lamellar heat exchangers with a high-pressure cleaner can lead to considerable damage, especially if the jet device is not exactly 90 ° to the sensitive lamellas. The water jet exiting the nozzle at high pressure hits the sensitive lamellas at an angle, which can lead to considerable damage.

Zur Reinigung kommen auch chemische Reinigungsmittel zum Einsatz, die anschließend wieder per Wasserstrahl zu entfernen sind, wobei hierbei größere Mengen mit Chemikalien verunreinigtes Abwasser anfallen. Dieses Abwasser muss auf der Erdoberfläche - soweit überhaupt möglich - aufgefangen werden. Zu diesem Zweck muss der Bereich um den Lamellenwärmetauscher geschützt werden, um eine Schädigung der Umwelt zu unterbinden.Chemical cleaning agents are also used for cleaning, which then have to be removed again with a water jet, whereby larger amounts of wastewater contaminated with chemicals arise. This wastewater has to be collected on the earth's surface - if at all possible. For this purpose, the area around the lamellar heat exchanger must be protected in order to prevent damage to the environment.

Eine Reinigung eines Lamellenwärmetauschers lediglich mit einem Wasserstrahl vorzunehmen, hat zumeist nicht die befriedigende Reinigungswirkung.Cleaning a lamellar heat exchanger only with a water jet usually does not have a satisfactory cleaning effect.

Ferner ist aus der DE 10 2004 023 246 B3 ein Abstrahlverfahren zum Reinigen von Oberflächen, insbesondere zum Reinigen von Motorblöcken beziehungsweise Werkstücken aus Leichtmetall bekannt.Furthermore, from the DE 10 2004 023 246 B3 a blasting method for cleaning surfaces, in particular for cleaning engine blocks or workpieces made of light metal, is known.

Aufgabe:Task:

Ziel und Sinn der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Reinigung von Lamellenwärmetauschern bereitzustellen, welches eine sanfte aber effektive Reinigungswirkung aufweist bei einem geringen Einsatz von Wasser und der Vermeidung von Chemikalien.The aim and purpose of the invention is to provide a method for cleaning lamellar heat exchangers which has a gentle but effective cleaning effect with little use of water and the avoidance of chemicals.

Lösung:Solution:

Erfindungsgemäß wird dieses Problem mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst, vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den nachfolgenden Unteransprüchen.According to the invention, this problem is solved with the features of claim 1; advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention emerge from the following subclaims.

Die mit der Erfindung erreichten Vorteile bestehen darin, dass mittels eines Niederdruckreinigungsverfahrens unter Verwendung von Druckluft und geringen Wassermengen als Strahlmittel ein Reinigungsverfahren bereitgestellt wird, welches sich besonders für die Reinigung von Lamellenwärmetauschern eignet. Da Druckluft mit einem geringen Wasseranteil eine sehr viel geringere Dichte als ein Wasserstrahl aufweist und zudem durch eine entsprechende Düse auf eine sehr hohe Geschwindigkeit gebracht werden kann, wird eine vollständige Durchdringung des Wärmetauschers schon bei geringen Druck des Trägergases erreicht.The advantages achieved with the invention are that a cleaning process is provided by means of a low-pressure cleaning process using compressed air and small amounts of water as the blasting agent, which is particularly suitable for cleaning lamellar heat exchangers. Since compressed air with a low water content has a much lower density than a water jet and can also be brought to a very high speed through a corresponding nozzle, complete penetration of the heat exchanger is achieved even at low pressure of the carrier gas.

Die Verwendung eines geringen Strahldrucks, der nur mittels Druckluft und einer geringen Menge an reinem Wasser ohne Zusätze erzeugt wird, ermöglicht eine sanfte aber effektive Reinigung der Lamellen in der gesamten Bautiefe des Tauschers. Die zu reinigenden Lamellenflächen sind dabei parallel zum Düsenstrahl ausgerichtet. Da im Gegensatz zum Einsatz des Verfahrens für andere Oberflächen, wie z. B. Graphit oder Folien, der Strahlwinkel auf die zu reinigenden Flächen nahe 0° beträgt, ist der auf die Flächen ausgeübte Strahldruck hier sehr gering. Der überraschende Reinigungseffekt kann sich hier nicht aus dem Aufprall des Düsenstrahls auf die Oberfläche ergeben, sondern ergibt sich überraschend aus der Reibungwirkung des Düsenstrahls an den Oberflächen der Lamellen. Zur Reinigungswirkung trägt hier bei, dass der Düsenstrahl pulsierend ausgebildet ist. Das Problem wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass Druckluft einer Strahldüse zugeführt wird, die einen zu einer Engstelle konvergierenden Abschnitt und einen sich daran anschließenden divergierenden Abschnitt aufweist, und das Wasser vorzugsweise vor der Engstelle, gegebenenfalls in oder stromabwärts der Engstelle der Strahldüse, in den Trägergasstrom eingespeist und so auf hohe Geschwindigkeit, zumindest annähernd der Schallgeschwindigkeit oder auf Überschallgeschwindigkeit gebracht wird. In Versuchen hat sich gezeigt, dass bei relativ geringem Druck der Druckluft ab 1 bar, vorzugsweise ab 1,5 bar und damit einem relativ niedrigen Strahlanpressdruck bereits eine vollständige Durchdringung des Düsenstrahls durch Lamellenwärmetauscher erreicht wird. Für die Reinigung von Lamellenwärmetauschern mit größeren Bautiefen kann der Strahldruck jeweils so weit erhöht werden, wie es die Festigkeit der Lamellen zulässt. Dabei werden auch feste oder klebrige Schmutzschichten abgelöst, ohne die dünnen Lamellen zu verbiegen oder sonst wie zu beschädigen. Zur Erreichung einer gleichmäßigen Reinigung mit möglichst wenig Überlappungsflächen wird vorzugsweise eine Flachdüse eingesetzt. Die Flachdüse weist bei einem Einsatz bei der Reinigung von "normalen" Oberflächen gegenüber einer Runddüse zwar oft einen geringeren Reinigungseffekt auf, bei der Reinigung von Lamellenwärmetauschern gelangt der Düsenstrahl jedoch effektiver in die engen Kanäle der Lamellenwärmetauscher, da die Abpralleffekte an der Frontseite der Tauscher stark reduziert sind. Das führt zu einem verbesserten und gleichmäßigen Reinigungseffekt.The use of a low jet pressure, which is only generated by means of compressed air and a small amount of pure water without additives, enables gentle but effective cleaning of the lamellas in the entire depth of the exchanger. The lamellar surfaces to be cleaned are aligned parallel to the nozzle jet. Since, in contrast to the use of the method for other surfaces, such as B. graphite or foils, the jet angle on the surfaces to be cleaned is close to 0 °, the jet pressure exerted on the surfaces is very low here. The surprising cleaning effect here cannot result from the impact of the nozzle jet on the surface, but rather results surprisingly from the frictional effect of the nozzle jet on the surfaces of the lamellas. The fact that the nozzle jet is designed to be pulsating contributes to the cleaning effect. The problem is solved according to the invention in that compressed air is fed to a jet nozzle which has a section converging to a constriction and an adjoining diverging section, and the water is preferably fed into the carrier gas flow upstream of the constriction, possibly in or downstream of the constriction of the jet nozzle fed in and thus brought to high speed, at least approximately the speed of sound or to supersonic speed. Tests have shown that at a relatively low pressure of the compressed air from 1 bar, preferably from 1.5 bar and thus a relatively low jet contact pressure, a complete penetration of the nozzle jet by the lamellar heat exchanger is achieved. For cleaning lamellar heat exchangers with greater installation depths, the jet pressure can be increased as much as the strength of the lamellas allows. This also removes solid or sticky layers of dirt without bending or otherwise damaging the thin lamellae. A flat nozzle is preferably used to achieve uniform cleaning with as few overlapping areas as possible. The flat nozzle is used for cleaning "Normal" surfaces often have a lower cleaning effect than a round nozzle, but when cleaning lamellar heat exchangers, the nozzle jet gets into the narrow channels of the lamellar heat exchanger more effectively, as the rebound effects on the front of the exchanger are greatly reduced. This leads to an improved and even cleaning effect.

In einem praktischen Beispiel beträgt der Durchsatz des Trägergases 4000 Ltr. pro min, bevorzugt 6000 Ltr. pro min. Die zugeführte Wassermenge in Litern sollte im Verhältnis zur Druckluft vorzugsweise kleiner sein als 1: 1000. Der Druck des zugeführten Wassers sollte bei einer Eindosierung in einem Abstand von min. 30 mm vor der Engstelle der Strahldüse zumindest 50% des Drucks der Druckluft betragen, vorzugsweise jedoch ähnlich hoch oder höher sein als der Druck der Druckluft. Bei einer Eindosierung des zugeführten Wassers bei einer Entfernung von weniger als 30 mm von der Düsenengstelle bzw. in oder stromabwärts der Düsenengstelle, kann der Wasserdruck abhängig von dem durch Geschwindigkeitserhöhung abnehmenden Druck der Druckluft reduziert werden bzw. drucklos zugegeben werden. Das Wasser wird dann durch die hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Wassers angesaugt.In a practical example, the throughput of the carrier gas is 4000 liters per minute, preferably 6000 liters per minute. The amount of water supplied in liters in relation to the compressed air should preferably be less than 1: 1000 a distance of at least 30 mm in front of the constriction of the jet nozzle be at least 50% of the pressure of the compressed air, but preferably be similar to or higher than the pressure of the compressed air. If the supplied water is metered in at a distance of less than 30 mm from the nozzle constriction or in or downstream of the nozzle constriction, the water pressure can be reduced or added without pressure depending on the pressure of the compressed air, which decreases due to the increase in speed. The water is then sucked in by the high flow speed of the water.

In Versuchen hat sich auch gezeigt, dass bei relativ geringem Druck der Druckluft von z. B. 1,5 bar und damit einem relativ niedrigen Strahlanpressdruck bereits eine Hochdruckreinigern sogar überlegene hohe Reinigungswirkung erreicht wird, die auch feste oder klebrige Schmutzschichten lösen kann, ohne die darunter liegenden Oberflächen anzugreifen oder die Lamellen zu beschädigen. Zusätzlich zu der durch die hohe Reibungsgeschwindigkeit der Druckluft und der in der Druckluft homogen verteilten Feinstwassertröpfchen erzielten Wirkung trägt auch ein pulsierender Strahl durch die Impulse zum Reinigungserfolg bei.Tests have also shown that at a relatively low pressure, the compressed air of z. B. 1.5 bar and thus a relatively low jet pressure even a high-pressure cleaners even superior high cleaning effect is achieved, which can also loosen solid or sticky layers of dirt without attacking the underlying surfaces or damaging the slats. In addition to the effect achieved by the high friction speed of the compressed air and the fine water droplets distributed homogeneously in the compressed air, a pulsating jet through the impulses also contributes to the cleaning success.

Bei dieser vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann der Düsenstrahl durch die Ausgestaltung der Wasserpumpe und/oder durch entsprechende Ventile in der Wasser- und/ oder Druckluftzuführung zur Pulsation gebracht werden, was zu einer Verstärkung der Reinigungswirkung führt. Bei einem vorhandenen ausreichenden Vordruck des Wassers kann auch auf eine zusätzliche Pumpe zur Druckerhöhung des Wassers verzichtet werden. Eine Verbesserung der Reinigungswirkung kann auch durch eine Erhitzung der Druckluft z. B. mittels Wärmetauscher hervorgerufen werden, um z. B. stark ölverschmutzte Flächen schneller und erfolgreicher reinigen zu können. Das erforderliche Wasser weist vorzugsweise Trinkwasserqualität, aber auch Eigenschaften nahe der Trinkwasserqualität auf.In this advantageous embodiment of the invention, the nozzle jet can be made to pulsate through the design of the water pump and / or through corresponding valves in the water and / or compressed air supply, which leads to an intensification of the cleaning effect. If there is sufficient pre-pressure of the water, an additional pump to increase the pressure of the water can be dispensed with. An improvement in the cleaning effect can also be achieved by heating the compressed air e.g. B. are caused by means of heat exchangers to z. B. to be able to clean heavily oil-contaminated surfaces faster and more successfully. The required water preferably has drinking water quality, but also properties close to drinking water quality.

Für das Verfahren wird eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung der Reinigung von Lamellen eines Lamellenwärmetauschers bereitgestellt. Zur Reinigung werden hierbei vorzugsweise lediglich Druckluft und Wasser verwendet. Die Vorrichtung umfasst hierbei eine Strahldüse mit einer Zuführung für die Druckluft, wobei die Strahldüse einen zu einer Engstelle konvergierenden Abschnitt sowie einen daran anschließenden divergierenden Abschnitt aufweist. Weiter ist eine Zuleitung für das Wasser vorgesehen, die zur Beigabe des Wassers vor, in oder nach der
Strahldüse ausgebildet ist. Bei einer Zuführung für das als Strahlmittel dienende Wasser steht das Volumen der Wassermenge zu dem Volumen der Druckluftmenge im Verhältnis von kleiner als 1:1000, vorzugsweise kleiner als 1:2000.A device for carrying out the cleaning of fins of a lamellar heat exchanger is provided for the method. Only compressed air and water are preferably used for cleaning. The device here comprises a jet nozzle with a feed for the compressed air, the jet nozzle having a section that converges to a constriction and a section that adjoins it. A supply line for the water is also provided, which is used to add the water before, in or after the
Jet nozzle is formed. When the water used as blasting agent is supplied, the ratio of the volume of the amount of water to the volume of the amount of compressed air is less than 1: 1000, preferably less than 1: 2000.

Hierbei ist die Strahldüse konvergent-divergent ausgebildet, vorzugsweise als Laval-Düse. In der Flüssigkeitszuführung stromaufwärts der Strahlvorrichtung ist ein geeignetes Drosselventil zur Regulierung der Wassermenge angebracht. Dadurch wird das Wasser/die Flüssigkeit direkt oder über eine Verteilerkammer mit zumindest einer Auslassöffnung dem Trägergas zugeführt. Zur Förderung des Wassers/der Flüssigkeit ist vorzugsweise eine Membranpumpe oder eine Kolbenpumpe vorgesehen. Der Hubraum sollte hierbei unter 1,00 Ltr. liegen. Hierbei kann hinter der Membranpumpe ein Druckverstärker angeordnet sein. Zur Erzeugung eines pulsierenden Düsenstrahls können Unterbrecherventile für Wasser und/oder Druckluft vorgesehen sein, zusätzliche wechselnde Leitungsdurchmesser von der Wassereinführung bis zur Pumpe können zudem erwünschte Spannungsveränderungen des Wassers bewirken.Here, the jet nozzle is designed to be convergent-divergent, preferably as a Laval nozzle. A suitable throttle valve for regulating the amount of water is fitted in the liquid supply upstream of the jet device. As a result, the water / liquid is fed to the carrier gas directly or via a distribution chamber with at least one outlet opening. A membrane pump or a piston pump is preferably provided for conveying the water / the liquid. The displacement should be less than 1.00 liters. A pressure booster can be arranged behind the diaphragm pump. Interrupter valves for water and / or compressed air can be provided in order to generate a pulsating nozzle jet; additional changing line diameters from the water inlet to the pump can also bring about desired voltage changes in the water.

Die Förderung des Wassers kann durch jede Art von Pumpen vorgenommen werden, vorzugsweise durch eine Membranpumpe oder Kolbenpumpe, die das Wasser ansaugt, aber auch von einem Wasserschlauch unter Druck annehmen können. Ein Vorteil bei Verwendung einer druckluftbetriebenen Wasserpumpe hierbei ist, dass keine zusätzliche Stromversorgung erforderlich ist, wobei Stundenzähler usw. über Kleinstbatterie oder andere externe Stromquellen versorgt werden können.The water can be conveyed by any type of pump, preferably a diaphragm pump or piston pump, which draws in the water, but can also accept it from a water hose under pressure. An advantage of using a water pump operated by compressed air is that no additional power supply is required, with hour meters, etc. being able to be supplied by a miniature battery or other external power sources.

Bei Einbau eines Druckverstärkers hinter der Membranpumpe oder Kolbenpumpe kann der Druck der Steuerluft klein gehalten werden, wobei der Wasserdruck jedoch weit über den Steuerdruck erhöht werden kann.If a pressure booster is installed behind the diaphragm pump or piston pump, the pressure of the control air can be kept low, although the water pressure can be increased well above the control pressure.

Die Erzeugung eines pulsierenden Düsenstrahls kann hierbei durch das Design der Pumpe als Membranpumpe und/oder durch den Einsatz von Unterbrecherventilen für Wasser und/oder Druckluft hervorgerufen werden. Die Leitung von der Wassereinführung bis zur Pumpe kann unterschiedliche Durchmesser aufweisen.The generation of a pulsating jet can be caused by the design of the pump as a diaphragm pump and / or by the use of interrupter valves for water and / or compressed air. The line from the water inlet to the pump can have different diameters.

Für die Vorrichtung ist der Einsatz einer Flachdüse besonders vorteilhaft. Für die Reinigung schwer zugänglicher Flächen ist der Einsatz einer Lanze mit verstellbarem Strahlwinkel besonders vorteilhaft.A flat nozzle is used for the device particularly advantageous. The use of a lance with an adjustable jet angle is particularly advantageous for cleaning hard-to-reach areas.

Beschreibung der Zeichnungen:Description of the drawings:

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen rein schematisch dargestellt und wird nachfolgend näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine geschnittene Ansicht einer Strahldüse zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung in einer ersten Ausführung,
Figur 2
eine geschnittene Ansicht einer Strahldüse zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung in einer zweiten Ausführung,
Figur 3
eine geschnittene Ansicht einer Strahldüse zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung in einer dritten Ausführung und
Figur 4
eine geschnittene Ansicht einer Strahldüse zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung in einer vierten Ausführung.
An embodiment of the invention is shown purely schematically in the drawings and is described in more detail below. Show it:
Figure 1
a sectional view of a jet nozzle for performing the method according to the invention in a first embodiment,
Figure 2
a sectional view of a jet nozzle for performing the method according to the invention in a second embodiment,
Figure 3
a sectional view of a jet nozzle for performing the method according to the invention in a third embodiment and
Figure 4
a sectional view of a jet nozzle for performing the method according to the invention in a fourth embodiment.

Ausführungsbeispiele:Embodiments:

Figur 1 zeigt in der geschnittenen Ansicht einer Strahldüse 1, bei der die zur Zufuhr des Wassers dienende Leitung 2 in einen Verteilungsraum 3 und anschließend durch die Auslassöffnungen 4 in die Strahlleitung 5 geführt wird, die in die Strahldüse 1 mündet. Dabei werden die unter Druck stehende Druckluft 9 und Wasser, der Strahldüse 1 zugeführt. Die Strahldüse 1 weist hierbei einen zu einer Engstelle 6 konvergierenden Abschnitt 7 auf und einen sich daran anschließenden divergierenden Abschnitt 8. Hierbei kann Wasser oder vorzugsweise vor der Strahldüse 1, in einer anderen Ausführung vor, in oder nach der Engstelle 6 der Strahldüse 1 in die Druckluftströmung eindosiert werden. Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a jet nozzle 1 in which the line 2 serving to supply the water is led into a distribution space 3 and then through the outlet openings 4 into the jet line 5 which opens into the jet nozzle 1. The pressurized compressed air 9 and water are fed to the jet nozzle 1. The jet nozzle 1 here has a section 7 converging to a constriction 6 and an adjoining diverging section 8 Compressed air flow are metered.

Figur 2 zeigt ein weiteres Beispiel einer Strahldüse 1, bei der die zur Zufuhr des Wassers dienende Leitung 2 direkt in die Strahlleitung 5 mündet. Figure 2 shows a further example of a jet nozzle 1, in which the line 2 serving to supply the water opens directly into the jet line 5.

Figur 3 zeigt ein weiteres Beispiel einer Strahldüse 1, wobei die zur Zufuhr des Wassers dienende Leitung 2 direkt vor der Engstelle 6 in die Strahldüse 1 mündet. Figure 3 shows a further example of a jet nozzle 1, the line 2 serving to supply the water opening into the jet nozzle 1 directly in front of the constriction 6.

Figur 4 zeigt ein modifiziertes Beispiel der Flachstrahldüse 1, bei der die zur Zufuhr des Wassers dienende Leitung 2 in einen Verteilungsraum 3 und anschließend durch die Auslassöffnungen 4 in die Strahlleitung 5 geführt wird, die in die Strahldüse 1 mündet. Figure 4 shows a modified example of the flat jet nozzle 1, in which the line 2 used to supply the water is led into a distribution space 3 and then through the outlet openings 4 into the jet line 5 which opens into the jet nozzle 1.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

0101
StrahldüseJet nozzle
0202
Leitungmanagement
0303
VerteilungsraumDistribution space
0404
AuslassöffnungenOutlet openings
0505
StrahlleitungBeam line
0606
EngstelleBottleneck
0707
Abschnittsection
0808
Abschnittsection
0909
Trägergas/DruckluftCarrier gas / compressed air
1010
Druckminderer bzw. DrosselventilPressure reducer or throttle valve

Claims (8)

  1. Method for cleaning surfaces of a plate fin heat exchanger, wherein compressed air and water without additional agents are used for cleaning, and the compressed air is supplied to a jet nozzle (1) that comprises a converging section (7) that leads to a constriction (6) and a diverging section (8) that connects to said converging section, and the water is introduced in metered doses into the compressed air flow upstream, in or downstream of the constriction (6) of the jet nozzle,
    wherein the jet nozzle (1) that is preferably embodied as a flat nozzle is directed at the cavity that is formed between the plate fins of a plate fin heat exchanger, wherein the jet stream penetrates the cavity between adjacent plate fins for the purpose of cleaning the plate fin surfaces.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the water is supplied at a pressure that, when the water is being introduced in metered doses at a distance of at least 80 mm upstream of the constriction of the jet nozzle (1), said pressure preferably amounts to equal the pressure of the compressed air or higher but is at least 80% of the pressure of the compressed air, wherein when the water is being introduced in metered doses at a distance of less than 80 mm upstream of the constriction (6) of the jet nozzle (1) or in or downstream of the constriction (6) of the jet nozzle (1), it is possible, in dependence upon the increase in flow rate that is associated with a drop in pressure, to work with the fluid at a very low pressure or even without a pressure using a suction effect.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the quantity of water/quantity of fluid that is supplied in relation to the compressed air in terms of percentage volume is less than 1:1000 and/or that the pressure of the carrier gas is at least 1.5 bar.
  4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the mixture of compressed air and water is accelerated in the jet nozzle (1) to a high speed, namely to approximately the speed of sound or supersonic speed.
  5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the jet nozzle (1) is a flat nozzle in order to clean the plate fins effectively in a gentle and uniform manner without damaging said plate fins.
  6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the flow rate of the mixture of compressed air and water is varied by means of a throttle valve or pressure reducer (10) in the fluid supply line (2) and/or a throttle valve or a pressure reducer in the compressed air supply (9).
  7. Method according to any one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the water and/or the compressed air is supplied in pulses to the jet nozzle (1).
  8. Method according to any one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the compressed air is supplied whilst being heated by a heat exchanger.
EP13759427.1A 2009-02-16 2013-07-23 Method and apparatus for cleaning surfaces of a finned heat exchanger Active EP2877806B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13759427T PL2877806T3 (en) 2009-02-16 2013-07-23 Method and apparatus for cleaning surfaces of a finned heat exchanger

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202009018911.2U DE202009018911U1 (en) 2009-02-16 2009-02-16 Cleaning device for cleaning sensitive surfaces
DE102012014605.1A DE102012014605A1 (en) 2009-02-16 2012-07-24 Cleaning device for cleaning finned heat exchangers
PCT/DE2013/100273 WO2014015860A1 (en) 2009-02-16 2013-07-23 Method and apparatus for cleaning surfaces of a finned heat exchanger

Publications (3)

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EP2877806A1 EP2877806A1 (en) 2015-06-03
EP2877806B1 EP2877806B1 (en) 2018-04-11
EP2877806B2 true EP2877806B2 (en) 2021-11-17

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US (1) US20150129171A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2877806B2 (en)
JP (1) JP2015524546A (en)
DE (2) DE202009018911U1 (en)
PL (1) PL2877806T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2014015860A1 (en)

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CN104588357A (en) * 2014-12-31 2015-05-06 苏州原点工业设计有限公司 Laboratory fogdrop blowing and washing device
DE102015201945A1 (en) 2015-02-04 2016-08-04 Sivantos Pte. Ltd. Hearing device for binaural supply and method of operation
US10539381B2 (en) 2015-12-28 2020-01-21 Coil Flow Max, Inc. Apparatus and method for cleaning HVAC cooling coils
US11788807B2 (en) 2015-12-28 2023-10-17 Coil Flow Max, Inc. Apparatus and method for cleaning HVAC cooling coils
RU170745U1 (en) * 2016-06-10 2017-05-05 Акционерное Общество "Сибтехэнерго" Инженерная Фирма По Наладке, Совершенствованию Технологий И Эксплуатации Электро-Энергооборудования Предприятий И Систем DEVICE FOR CLEANING SURFACES OF HEATING ENERGY TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT
JP6558806B2 (en) * 2016-06-27 2019-08-14 株式会社ダイフク Car wash machine and car wash method
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DE102017119113A1 (en) * 2017-08-22 2019-02-28 Jens-Werner Kipp Facade cleaning apparatus and method for cleaning a facade
DE202018002678U1 (en) * 2018-01-24 2018-09-06 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie two-fluid nozzle
DE102019005166A1 (en) * 2019-07-25 2021-01-28 Mycon Gmbh Device for cleaning lamellar heat exchangers in horizontal or inclined position
WO2021023328A1 (en) 2019-08-06 2021-02-11 Mycon Gmbh Rollable protection device for jet nozzles for cleaning surfaces for the purpose of reducing noise from the nozzle jet
DE102020001000A1 (en) 2020-02-17 2021-08-19 Mycon Gmbh Process for cleaning air / air heat transfer devices, e.g. from the aerospace sector
CN112792050B (en) * 2021-02-01 2022-04-29 江西中烟工业有限责任公司 Cleaning device and cleaning method for window of discharge hopper of tobacco feeding machine
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014015860A1 (en) 2014-01-30
EP2877806A1 (en) 2015-06-03
DE102012014605A1 (en) 2014-03-06
EP2877806B1 (en) 2018-04-11
DE202009018911U1 (en) 2014-07-08
US20150129171A1 (en) 2015-05-14
PL2877806T3 (en) 2018-08-31
JP2015524546A (en) 2015-08-24

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