EP2877553A1

EP2877553A1 - Device and method for the directed introduction of combustion air into the secondary heating chambers of a coke oven of the "heat-recovery" type

Info

Publication number: EP2877553A1
Application number: EP13739606.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ronald Kim; Michael Kaiser
Original assignee: ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Current assignee: ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Priority date: 2012-07-26
Filing date: 2013-06-27
Publication date: 2015-06-03
Also published as: WO2014015939A1; TW201410860A; CN104685028A; BR112015001736A2; DE102012014741A1; AR092036A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the directed introduction of combustion air in the secondary air sole of a coke oven, which is formed by at least one collecting line for combustion air, said collecting line running below the coke oven chamber doors of the coke ovens of a coke oven battery, wherein said collecting line has at least one branch into at least one coke oven chamber, through which combustion air is admitted into the secondary air sole of at least one coke oven for the complete combustion of the coking gas, so that the combustion in the coke oven sole is optimized and the coking process can be controlled. Preferably, each coke oven can be individually supplied with combustion air by corresponding control devices, so that each coke oven can be individually supplied with combustion air during the coking process, which is particularly advantageous in view of the timely offset coking process in the coke oven chambers of a coke oven battery. The invention also relates to a method for the directed introduction of combustion air into the secondary air soles of at least one coke oven of a coke oven battery.

Description

Apparatus and method for the directed introduction of combustion air into the secondary heating chambers of a "heat recovery" coke oven

[0001] The invention relates to a device for the directed introduction of combustion air into the secondary air sole of a coke oven, which is formed by at least one collecting line for combustion air, which runs below the coke oven chamber of the coke ovens of a coke oven, wherein, this bus at least one branch in at least has a coke oven chamber, is introduced through the combustion air for complete combustion of the coking gas in the secondary air sole at least one coke oven, so that the combustion in the Koksofensohle is optimized and thus the coking process is controllable. Preferably, each coke oven can be individually supplied with combustion air by means of corresponding adjusting devices, so that each coke oven can be individually supplied with combustion air during the coking process, which is of great advantage in view of the staggered coking process in coke oven chambers of a coke oven bank. The invention also relates to a method for the directed introduction of combustion air into the secondary air soles of at least one coke oven of a coke oven bank.

[0002] Coke ovens of the "non-recovery" or "heat-recovery" type, the latter containing a heat recovery device, are equipped with a coke oven chamber, which consists of lateral coke oven chamber walls, a coke oven chamber floor, a coke oven chamber ceiling, which as a rule Gewölbeform owns and frontal coke oven chamber walls, the latter containing the coke oven chamber doors, which are intended for loading and on the opposite side of the coke oven chamber for discharge. The heating of these furnace types is done by the coking gas, which forms during the coking from the zukokokenden coal cake. For this purpose, the coke oven chamber is loaded during operation only up to a certain height, so that over the coal cake a gas space remains free. The forming gas space is also called Primärheizraum, and serves to burn the resulting directly from the coal cake coking gas, which is partially burned with a substoichiometric amount of combustion air. [0003] For controlling the combustion in the primary heating space, it is equipped with openings which are arranged in the ceiling, in the coke oven chamber or in the overlying wall. These are usually adjustable. The partially burned coking gas is passed through the partial combustion via side gas ducts in the flue gas ducts, which are located below the coke oven chamber, and also with openings for the inlet of combustion air, the so-called secondary combustion air, are equipped. In the flue gas ducts, the partially burned coking gas is completely burned with an excess amount of combustion air. As a result, the coal cake is also heated from below for coking, which ultimately results in improved coke quality with a simultaneously reduced cooking time. The flue gas ducts, which are located directly beneath the bottom of the coke oven chamber for heating, are also called secondary heating rooms. Examples of the non-recovery and heat-recovery type furnace types mentioned are US4344820A, US4287024A, US5114542A, GB1555400A and CA2052177C. [0004] The flue gas ducts located directly below the coke oven chamber become almost all embodiments supplied via the secondary air soles with combustion air, which are located below the flue gas ducts, and which are connected to the flue gas ducts via vertical channels, which are in a horizontal plane between the flue gas ducts and the secondary air sole.Thus, the combustion air, which from the atmospheric environment in the secondary air sole flows, preheated, and the openings that introduce the combustion air into the secondary air sole may also be controllable.

An embodiment for openings, which entrain combustion air in the Primärheizräume and Sekundärheizräume of coke ovens, and which are controllable, is WO2007057076A1. An embodiment for controllable openings which introduce combustion air into the secondary air soles of coke ovens and which have a particularly high temperature resistance and positioning accuracy is given by WO2010034383A1.

However, whatever the openings that introduce the secondary combustion air into the secondary air soles, and the closure elements provided for closing, so it is not possible in coke ovens, which are equipped with these openings and closure elements, the combustion air to the openings zoom forward. Thereby, the combustion air is sucked from the immediate atmospheric environment, which surrounds the openings for the combustion air. This air is often heavily polluted, so that it is not possible to direct a combustion air of the desired quality in the secondary air soles of a coke oven. Also, the negative pressure in a coke oven chamber is often not sufficient to achieve a reliable intake of the combustion air in the coke oven chambers. Finally it is usually only limited possible to achieve a control of the combustion process in the Sekundärheizraum a coke oven.

The development of coke oven gas from a coal cake is dependent on the time progress of the coking in the corresponding coke oven chamber. Thus, at the beginning of the coking cycle, ie immediately after loading, a large amount of coking gas is produced, which continuously decreases in the course of coking. The fermentation time in coke oven chambers from the prior art is 48 to 192 hours, depending on the type of coal used. A sketch of the time course of the development of coking gas in a coke oven chamber is given by WO2010034383A1.

Corresponding to the time course of the evolution of the coking gas, the combustion of the coking gas and consequently the temperature development in the coke oven chamber also behaves. Since the output of the amount of coking gas depends on the type of coal used, this can not be influenced by the operator of the coke oven bank for a given type of coal. However, there is often a desire on the part of the operator of a coke oven bank or plants to influence the coking behavior and the temperature development in a coke oven chamber, since this can decisively influence the quality of the coke and the economy of a coke oven bank. The only way to influence the course of coking in a coke oven chamber, therefore, is the control of the supplied quality and amount of combustion air.

Therefore, ways are sought to control both the quality and the amount of supplied combustion air in the secondary air sole of a coke oven bank exactly. Another problem is that although the production of coke in a coke oven bank formed of multiple coke oven chambers is carried out continuously, the loading and unloading of the coke oven chambers is performed at different times. Since the coking in a single coke oven chamber proceeds in batches, the coking processes in the individual coke oven chambers are carried out with a time offset, so that the output of coke for the entire coke oven bank is approximately constant. As a result, the air requirement is also offset in time in the individual coke ovens. Therefore, additional possibilities are sought to control the supplied combustion air in the secondary air soles of the individual coke oven chambers of a coke oven bank individually and largely independently. The supply of secondary combustion air in the coke oven chambers should also take place at the feeds to a coke oven as possible simultaneously. The individual operation of many air inlet openings in a coke oven increases the likelihood of incorrect operation, which allows in particular with too wide open inlet cross sections, a disproportionately high amount of air into the furnace, resulting in undesirable local overheating in the sole channels, the exceeding the application limit temperature of the refractory materials and thus a possible destruction of the furnace construction materials result. For this reason, it is advantageous to keep the number of actuators to be operated per coke oven low.

Unlike on the coke oven chamber ceiling, as is exemplarily taught in the patent WO2006128612A1, at the frontal coke oven chamber wall below the coke oven chamber also little space is available, so that an individual and timely control of the air supply at this point is not readily feasible , Also come because of the much higher temperatures below the coke oven chamber doors only a few devices for controlling the air flow in question.

There is therefore the object to provide a device which makes a directed introduction of combustion air into the secondary air soles of the coke oven chambers of a coke oven, the introduction should make a control of the amount of air, and supply a combustion air of any quality, at the same time a possibility is to be created to achieve an individual control of the air supply into the individual coke oven chambers. Furthermore, there should be a possibility to also supply combustion air under pressure, if this is advantageous for the coking process, and if necessary an automated supply of combustion air into the secondary air soles should be possible.

The present invention solves this problem by a device which is formed by a manifold for combustion air at the Koksofenkammerfront, wherein the manifold is located at the front wall of the coke oven chamber at the level of the secondary air sole, and has at least one branch through which the Combustion air is passed via a side pipe in the secondary air sole. The supply of combustion air can take place without pressure, since an improved intake of the combustion air takes place by the operating negative pressure in the coke oven chamber in connection with the chimney effect of the line. The intake of combustion air in the collecting line preferably takes place from outside the coke oven bank, so that it is free of soiling and ash.

The device also makes it possible to individually control the Koksofenkammem a coke oven, in which the manifold is provided before each section, which is formed by a coke oven chamber, with an adjusting device. This can be provided with a bypass line as a "bypass" device and additional air openings to ensure an independent compressed air supply in the sections with the underlying coke oven chambers.The manifold can easily or even repeatedly on one or more times or more on both sides of a Coke oven bank be arranged.

Claimed is in particular a coke oven of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air into the Sekundärheizräume comprising

A coke oven, which is made up of a coke oven chamber with side and front walls, a coke oven chamber floor and a coke oven chamber ceiling, with a coke oven chamber door in the front walls of the coke oven chamber, and the coke oven chamber is designed to operate only up to is filled to a certain height, so that the gas space above the coal cake forms a primary heating space, whereby several coke ovens are combined to form a coke oven bank,

Flue gas ducts which are located below the coke oven compartment floor and which form a secondary heating space and which are connected via vertical channels in the coke oven to a secondary air base below the flue gas duct, the secondary air base being connected to the outside atmosphere via openings in the coke oven chamber wall,

Gas channels in the side wall of the coke oven chamber, which are in the primary heating space at such a level that they open into the gas space, which is located directly below the coke oven chamber ceiling, and which are connected to the flue gas ducts,

• openings in the coke oven chamber ceiling, the frontal coke oven chamber wall or the coke oven chamber through which the coke oven chamber can be supplied with primary air, and which is characterized in that

• Is located on the front wall of the coke oven bank in the amount of secondary air soles a manifold for combustion air, which has at least one branch through which the combustion air is passed via a side pipe in the secondary air sole at least one coke oven.

By inserting the side lines in the secondary air sole it can be closed to the outside. In one embodiment of the invention are on the front wall of the coke oven chambers in height of the flue gas ducts two manifolds for combustion air, both of which each have at least one branch through which the combustion air is passed via a side line in the secondary air sole. The number of manifolds at the Koksofenkammerfront below the coke oven chamber doors can be theoretically arbitrarily high for the execution of the invention, but is usually carried out for reasons of space only simple. The manifold or the manifolds may be located on one side or on both sides of the coke oven bench, even single or multiple on both sides, however, for simplicity, usually only one side is provided with a manifold. The manifolds may be attached by way of example to the coke oven chamber through metal brackets, or rest on a support structure. The manifold is preferably mounted at a distance of 100 to 1200 millimeters from the coke oven chamber front. In a further embodiment of the invention, the manifold or have the manifolds for each coke oven 4 to 10 branches, through which the secondary air sole of the relevant coke oven is supplied with combustion air. In a preferred embodiment, the manifold or manifolds for each coke oven 8 have branches through which the secondary air sole of the respective coke oven is supplied with combustion air. As a result, an optimal distribution of the combustion air can be achieved.

For carrying out the invention, it has proved to be advantageous if the manifold or the manifolds have a length of one to 100 meters and in another embodiment of 2 to 4 meters and a diameter of 50 to 400 millimeters. As a result, with optimum utilization of the space in front of the coke oven chamber front, a good flow profile is achieved for the combustion air conducted through in the collecting line. The length of a coke oven of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" is typically about 4 meters. The side pipes may also have a specific profile in order to achieve optimum flow performance with good results Space utilization to allow. In one embodiment of the invention, at least one side pipe behind the branch has a diameter of 10 to 70 millimeters and the branch is designed in the form of a bend. This can also achieve better space utilization. In one embodiment of the invention, the branches of the manifolds are designed as a flexible hose connection. In particular, materials which are resistant to the high temperatures at the coke oven chamber front are considered as tube materials.

In a further embodiment of the invention, at least one side line is equipped with a manually closable tap. This is not intended for permanent control and is therefore only adjusted in exceptional cases. The manually closable tap in the side pipe is important to adjust the flow rate in the side pipe according to the position of the coke oven chamber along the manifold, so that the amount of air flowing through the side pipe per unit time, the amount of air in the collecting air duct can be adjusted. This is particularly important if the regulation of the amount of air in the corresponding coke oven chamber is carried out with an adjusting device in the collecting air line. A non-manual adjustment of the cock is conceivable, but is usually not performed due to the effort. In a further embodiment of the invention, at least one side line is equipped with a measuring nozzle for measuring the pressure, which has a diameter of 8 to 50 millimeters, and which is end equipped with a pressure gauge. As a result, the pressure and the amount of air in the side air line can be adjusted or calibrated. Thus, the measured values are measured, which are measured by the pressure or the pressure glands, and based on the measured values, the closable cocks in the side pipes are set manually calibrated. It is also possible for carrying out the invention to directly control the supply from the main air line into the side lines on the basis of the measured values from the pressure gauge (s) via corresponding control devices. This can be done both visually, that is by visual comparison of the control instruments, as well as an automated control.

It is also possible for a further detection of the air volume flow in the side lines in at least one side line, a diaphragm for measuring the Luftvo- lumenstrom to install in the lines. For this purpose, at least one side line is equipped with a panel for measuring the volume flow.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the manifold is provided with one or more actuators for shutting off or reducing the cross section of the manifold for regulating the air supply, and with a shut-off bypass for the coke oven to be controlled. This adjusting device can sit directly behind the air supply device, which supplies the manifold with air, and thus supply the entire coke oven bank with a controllable air flow. However, this can also be arranged so that it is mounted in front of the section which is associated with a coke oven, so that the associated coke oven chambers are supplied with air via the subsequent branches with the side pipes. In one embodiment of the invention, at least one adjusting device is arranged in the collecting line so that it is arranged in front of the branches of the side pipes of a coke oven chamber. Since in the regulation of a valve and the underlying in the air flow direction coke oven chambers are concerned, in at least one adjusting device, a bypass line ("bypass" line) may be arranged for at least one coke oven, so that despite the scheme another and independent It is also possible to dispense with such a bypass line in the adjusting device when the positions of the manually adjustable cocks in the side pipes to the changed in the course of the manifolds air pressure in the However, in practice, it is difficult to achieve this by channeling air to the coke ovens when closing a coke oven.

In the adjusting devices, an additional air opening is usually installed in each of the adjusting devices, which can compensate for the branched air flow in the associated coke oven chamber at a barrier. The additional air opening then feeds the air into the bypass, so that the additional air can reach the subsequent coke ovens. This air opening can be manually adjustable and is adapted to the branched air flow. This can also be automated. As a result, all coke ovens can be controlled remotely individually and individually in the supply of combustion air. For this purpose, a computer control can be consulted. The adjusting device becomes the space problem and the problem solved the high temperatures because the actuator does not have to sit directly in front of the coke oven chamber at the branch. It is within the scope of the invention also possible to connect the bypass line end with a compressor, so that the bypass line can be acted upon with compressed air. As a result, the coking ovens following a blocked off or throttled adjusting device in the flow direction can likewise be supplied with compressed air.

The adjusting device contains for regulating a valve as a control element for controlling the air flow flowing through. The regulation of the air flow, which flows through the adjusting device and serves to supply the coke oven chamber located behind in the section, can be done manually. However, this preferably takes place automatically and depends on the coking process and the state of cooking of the coke oven chamber located behind it. The automation can, for example, use the values that are taken from the pressure gauges in the side pipes. In one embodiment of the invention, the adjusting device includes a valve as a control element, which is a cock, a diaphragm, a spindle, a flap or a slider. In a further embodiment, the adjusting device is equipped with an electric drive for regulating the valve.

It is also possible to equip the setting device with a hand wheel or an electrical point switch with an on / off control for manual operation on site. This then serves to calibrate the air flow flowing through in adaptation to the position of the associated coke oven chamber, so that all coke oven chambers are supplied with at least approximately the same air pressure. This can also serve for emergency opening. To regulate the air flow flowing through, it is also possible to use instead or additionally an automated control device which regulates the flow of air flowing through.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the adjusting device is equipped with an additional air opening for metering air into the manifold, which is provided with a remote-controlled, electrically adjustable additional control element. As a result, an additional air supply to the manifold at the individual coke oven chambers can be regulated individually and automatically.

In one embodiment of the invention, the adjusting device is protected with a housing from the heat radiation. For this purpose, the housing may have at least one outer wall which is provided with a layer of a heat-insulating material. is layered. In a further embodiment of the invention, one to three metal plates between the actuator and the coke oven chamber protect the actuator from the heat radiation of the coke oven chamber and have a thickness of 1 to 15 mm and a distance of 5 to 40 cm the actuating device. As a result, a good heat protection of the entire adjusting device can be achieved.

In a further embodiment of the device, at least one coke oven chamber is equipped with a temperature measuring sensor, and the collecting line is equipped at least at one point with an adjusting device with a valve for regulating the cross section, which is adjusted from the temperature measuring sensor on the basis of the measuring signals.

To automate the air supply via the collecting line, at least one coke oven chamber can be equipped with a pressure measuring sensor, wherein the collecting line is equipped at least at one point with an adjusting device with valve for regulating the cross section, which is adjusted from the pressure measuring sensor on the basis of the measuring signals , This makes it possible to achieve automation of the air supply for each individual coke oven chamber. The inclusion of temperature readings and pressure readings can also be done together.

The control of the control device can be automated, but this can also be done manually if this is done by a calibration. For this purpose, the additional air openings would then be provided in the manifold by regulation with an increasingly smaller opening cross section in the course of the gas flow in order to compensate for the branched air flow.

In one embodiment of the invention, side openings are installed at at least one point of the manifold, is introduced through the air in the manifold, which are closed with sliders that are moved with opposing rods, which in turn are moved by a rotation axis on the manifold , These are preferably located directly in front of the branches of the side pipes and are used as an additional air opening to the adjusting devices. The secondary air soles of the coke ovens can also be equipped with additional closable inlet openings for the frontal coke oven chamber wall. These can also be arranged on the opposite side of the coke oven chamber be. However, these openings preferably have either a fixed opening cross-section or are opened only for repair purposes.

It is also claimed method for the directed introduction of combustion air into the Sekundärheizräume in a coke oven of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery", in which

A coke oven bank consisting of coke ovens of the type mentioned is used for the cyclical coking of coal by loading a coke oven with a coal cake intended for coking, and leaving over the coal cake a gas space as Primärheizraum for substoichiometric combustion of the coking gas is provided, and

The partially burned coking gas from the primary heating space is passed via gas channels arranged in the lateral coke oven chamber walls into the flue gas ducts below the coke oven chamber in which the partially burned coking gas has a greater than stoichiometric amount

Combustion air is completely burned, and

• the superstoichiometric amount of combustion air is admitted via a secondary airbed, which is located below the flue gas ducts, and which is closable with controllable closure elements, and which is characterized in that

The secondary air sole of at least one coke oven bank coke oven, the secondary air sole being located below the coke oven compartment and flue gas ducts and connected to the latter by vertical ducts, supplied with combustion air via inlet ports from the branches of a header pipe along the coke oven chamber front through the front coke oven chamber wall becomes.

In one embodiment of the invention, the regulation of the admission of the combustion air into the secondary air sole of a coke oven chamber is controlled by means of an adjusting device which sits in the manifold in the gas flow direction before each coke oven, and which is equipped with a valve for reducing or closing the line cross-section. In order to ensure an independent control, it is also possible to provide the adjusting device only in front of a coke oven chamber, thereby individually and to regulate individually, and then to provide a balance of the branched air. As a result, all coke oven chambers can be regulated individually and independently.

In one embodiment of the invention, the valve of the adjusting device for controlling the air flow is electrically operated. Also, the air opening valve or the opposing linkage for actuating the slide can be electrically operated. Ultimately, however, the adjusting device or the linkage for the slide can be driven arbitrarily. These can in particular also be operated manually or via transmission devices manually.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the adjusting device is controlled by the control station of the coke oven plant. For this purpose, at least the valves of the adjusting devices for the air flow are electrically operated. In a further embodiment, the adjusting device is regulated by means of a timing circuit. The timer is then set according to the expected air demand based on a standardized coking cycle course. In a further embodiment of the invention, the adjusting device is controlled by means of a temperature or pressure measurement parameter in the coke oven chamber, which represents a measure of the progress of the coking process. This can be measured in the coke oven chamber at any point, but is preferably measured where the temperature or pressure values during the coking cycle have a particularly high difference and therefore represent a good measure of the course of the coking.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the combustion air is introduced via the collecting line with an overpressure of more than 10 mbar above the atmospheric pressure in the secondary air sole. As a result, an intensification of the combustion can be achieved if necessary. For this purpose sits at one end of the manifold, a compressor, which pressurizes the combustion air and promotes into the manifold.

When introducing the combustion air under pressure into the secondary air sole by the method according to the invention, the coking gas in the Primärheizräumen can sometimes be pushed out at slightly higher pressures through the Primärluftöffnungen so that it comes to the ceiling to a flame. For this purpose, in one embodiment of the invention, a collecting line for air can also be arranged on the ceiling of the coke oven bank, as already described in the aforementioned WO2006128612A1. was led. This then also has side pipes, which introduce primary air into the primary air. This is preferably done under pressure and indeed at the times when flame formation is to be expected. Also, the primary air openings for carrying out this embodiment may be equipped with flame detectors. The collecting air ducts for primary air can also be provided with suction devices at the end, in order to suck these flame gases.

In another embodiment, the manifold or the manifolds for the primary air has a terminal torch. This serves to flare the ejected coking gas and is preferably arranged at the end, which is opposite to the air inlet point. The torch in one embodiment of the invention has a length of at least 1.5 meters. The primary air manifold may also be provided with openings having a gate and an opposing linkage.

In a further embodiment of the invention, combustion air is introduced into the secondary air sole through the collecting line, which is enriched with oxygen (0 ₂ ), nitrogen (N ₂ ) or water vapor (H ₂ 0).

The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention have the advantage of enabling a directed introduction of secondary combustion air into the secondary air sole of coke ovens of the "heat recovery" type, wherein the introduction takes place in such a way that the coking process, which runs through The device has only a small space requirement and is also functional at the high temperatures which usually prevail in front of the coke oven chambers below the coke oven chambers. [0045] The invention will be described with reference to four drawings explained in more detail, which represent only exemplary embodiments, which are not limited thereto.

FIG. 1 shows a coke oven bank with four coke ovens, which are supplied unregulated by a device according to the invention with secondary combustion air. FIG. 2 shows a coke oven bank with four coke ovens, which are supplied with combustion air according to the invention with an adjusting device in the collecting line. 3 shows a coke oven, which is equipped with a combustion air supply according to the invention, in lateral view. 4 shows a coke oven, which is supplied with air via the manifold according to the invention, in a frontal view.

Shows a coke oven bank (1), which consists of four coke ovens (2), wherein the coke oven (2) on the left side (2a) with open coke oven chamber door (3) and to the coke oven chamber (3) belonging Frame (3a) and the lifting device (3b) can be seen. On the ceiling (4) of the coke oven chambers (2) there are openings (5) for the primary air (5a), which in this embodiment are provided with U-tubes (5b) and control means (5c) contained therein. In the open coke oven chamber (2) of provided for coking coal cake (6) can be seen. Above the coal cake (6) a gas space (7) is released during operation, which forms the so-called primary heating chamber (7). Below the coke oven chambers (2) sit the flue gas ducts (8) which are connected via channels (9) in the lateral walls of the coke oven chambers (2) ("downcomer" channels) to the primary heating chambers (7) The complete combustion of the coking gases takes place so that the coke cake (6) is also heated from below The flue gas channels (8) are in turn connected via vertical channels (8a) to the secondary air soles (10) located below the flue gas channels (8 The secondary air soles (10) have four branches (10a) to a manifold (11) for combustion air, which runs in front of the coke oven chamber below the coke oven chamber doors (3) This collecting line (11) is supplied with compressed air via a compressor (12) which flows via the collecting line (11) into the secondary air sole (10) be shut off by a valve (12a), so that the manifold (11) via an inlet (13) with combustion air (13a) is supplied. As a result, the secondary air bags (10) of the coke ovens (2) are supplied uniformly with combustion air.

FIG. 2 shows the same coke oven bench (1) as FIG. 1, which is provided in the collecting line (11) in front of the branches (10a) to a coke oven chamber (2) with adjusting devices (14) for controlling the air flow. The manifolds (11) include a gas flow control device (14) upstream of each section (1a) associated with a coke oven chamber (2) in the gas flow direction (arrow). This allows the air flow in each section (1a) regulate. So that the coke oven chambers (2) following in the gas flow direction can still be supplied with air when a coke oven chamber preceding in the direction of the arrow is shut off by the air flow, the collecting line (11) contains a bypass line (11a). The adjusting device (14) contains an air opening (14a) through which the bypass line (11a) can be supplied with air. The jobsite direction (14) further includes a valve (14b), and is operated in operation for remote control with an electric control valve (14c). For manual operation also a manual control (14d) is available. When the valve (14b) closes, a passage valve (14e) is opened so that the coke oven chambers (2) following in the direction of flow can still be supplied with air. The supply of air via an inlet (13) at the end of the manifold (11).

Shows a coke oven (2), which is equipped with a combustion air supply according to the invention, in a side view. On display is the coke oven chamber (2), which is loaded with a coal cake (6) provided for coking. The loading is carried out so that above the coal cake (6) a gas space (7) remains free. This gas space (7) forms the so-called Primärheizraum (7). There, the coking gas flowing out of the coal cake (6) is partially combusted with a substoichiometric amount of combustion air. Under the coke oven chamber (2) are the so-called flue gas ducts (8), which form the so-called Sekundärheizraum. In the flue gas ducts (8), the partially burned coking gas from the primary heating chamber (7) is completely burned. The air to this combustion is added via a manifold (11), which is in front of the coke oven chamber (2), and below the coke oven chamber doors (3) and via a holder (11 b) is fixed, and which runs along the coke oven chamber front. This has a branch (10a) to a side line (15), which opens into the secondary air sole (10) of the coke oven (2) shown. There, the combustion air is added, which passes through vertical channels (8a) within the coke oven (2) in the flue gas channels (8) and is used there for the complete combustion of the coking gas. Within the side pipe (15), a manually adjustable cock (15a) is attached, through which the gas flow through the side lead (15) can be controlled. Before and behind the tap (15a) there are pressure sensors (15b) for the pressure in the side duct (15), which are passed on to a measuring device. The completely burned coking gas is given as exhaust gas in an exhaust manifold (16). The other side of the secondary air sole is closed with a closure device (12c) and is only opened for repair work. Shows a coke oven (2) in frontal view, which is supplied via a manifold according to the invention (11) with secondary combustion air. You can see the open coke oven chamber (2), the coke oven chamber (3) was pulled up to the opening via a moving device. In the coke oven chamber (2), the coal cake (6) can be seen, above which a gas space (7) remains free, which forms the primary heating space (7). This is provided with ventilation openings (5) in the coke oven chamber ceiling (4) ventilated, which in this embodiment are provided with U-shaped covers (5b) for protection against atmospheric influences, and which contain a control element (5c). The partially expelled coking gas passes through lateral channels (9) in the Sekundärheizraum (8), which is formed by the flue gas channels (8). These are connected to the air supply via vertical channels (8a) with the secondary air sole (10). The secondary air sole (10) is supplied via the manifold (11) with air, which is regulated by the adjusting device (14). The adjusting device (14) is equipped with an electric control (14c) and a manual control (14d), which controls the valve (14b) in the event of failure of the electric control (14c). The adjusting device (14) is also equipped with an air inlet (14a), via which air can be left in the further collecting line (11) via a bypass line (11a) behind the coke oven chamber (2), when the adjusting device (14) in the closed position. This allows the remaining coke oven chambers (2) continue to be supplied with air. The collecting line (11) is also provided with sliders (17) which close auxiliary openings in the collecting line (11), which can be actuated via an opposing linkage (7a) and via which the collecting line (11) can be opened continuously in order to supply the coke oven chamber (2) with a closed adjusting device (14) with a decreasing amount of air in adaptation to the coking process. The adjusting device (14) is protected by a refractory housing (14f). At the end of the manifold (11), a compressor (12) for combustion air (13 a) is arranged.

[0051] List of Reference Numerals

1 coke oven bench

1 a section of a coke oven bench

2 coke oven chamber

2a Last Koksofenkammer the marked Koksofenbank

3 coke oven chamber door

3a Lifting frame of the coke oven chamber door

3b lifting device

4 coke oven chamber ceiling

5 opening on the coke oven chamber ceiling, primary air opening

5a Inflowing primary air

5b U-tube shaped covers

5c Control device for primary air

6 coal cake

7 gas room, primary boiler room

8 flue gas channels a Vertical channels

Lateral channels

0 secondary air sole

0a branch

1 manifold

1 a bypass line

1 b bracket for manifold

2 compressor

2a shut-off valve

2b Electric control for compressor2c shut-off device

3 intake for combustion air

3a combustion air

4 adjusting device

4a air intake

4b valve

4c Electrical mechanism

4d hand wheel

4e outlet valve

4f Refractory housing

5 side lead

5a Manually adjustable stopcock

5b pressure measuring sensors

6 exhaust manifold

7 slides

7a Opposite linkage

Claims

claims

1. Coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10)

A coke oven (2), which is constructed from a coke oven chamber (2) with lateral and frontal walls, a coke oven chamber floor and a coke oven chamber ceiling (4), wherein a coke oven chamber door (3) is located in the frontal walls of the coke oven chamber (2), and the coke oven chamber (2) is designed so that it is filled in operation only up to a certain height, so that the gas space (7) located above the coal cake (6) forms a primary heating space (7), wherein a plurality of coke ovens (2 ) are combined to form a coke oven bank (1),

Flue gas ducts (8) which are located below the coke oven compartment floor and which form a secondary heating space (8) and which are connected via vertical ducts (8a) in the coke oven (2) to a secondary air base (10) below the flue gas ducts (8), wherein the secondary air sole (10) is connected to the outside atmosphere via openings (15) in the coke oven chamber wall,

• Gas ducts (9) in the side wall of the coke oven chamber (2), which are in the Primärheizraum (7) at such a height that they open into the gas space (7), which is located below the coke oven chamber ceiling, and which with the Flue gas ducts (8) are connected,

Openings (5) in the coke oven chamber ceiling (4), the frontal coke oven chamber wall or the coke oven chamber door (3) through which the coke oven chamber (2) can be supplied with primary air (5a),

characterized in that

• On the front wall of the coke oven bank (1) at the level of the secondary air sole (10) is a manifold (1 1) for combustion air (13a), which has at least one branch (10a) through which the combustion air (13a) via a side line (15) in the secondary air sole (10) of at least one coke oven (1) is passed.

2. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13 a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that at the front wall of the coke oven chamber (2) in height of the flue gas ducts (8) two manifolds (1 1) for combustion air (13a) are located, each having at least one branch (10a) through which the Combustion air (13 a) via a side line (15) in the secondary air sole (10) is passed.

3. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat-recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13 a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the collecting line (1 1 ) or the manifolds (1 1) for each coke oven (2) has 4 to 10 branches, through which the secondary air sole (10) of the respective coke oven (2) with combustion air (13 a) is supplied.

4. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13 a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that the manifold (1 1) or the manifolds (1 1) for each coke oven 8 branches (10 a) has, through which the secondary air sole (10) of the respective coke oven (2) with combustion air (13 a) is supplied.

5. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13 a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the collecting line (1 1 ) or the collecting lines (1 1) has a length of 1 to 100 meters and a diameter of 50 to 400 millimeters.

6. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13 a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the collecting line (1 1 ) or the collecting lines (11) has a length of 2 to 4 meters and a diameter of 50 to 400 millimeters.

7. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one side line (15 ) behind the branch (10a) has a diameter of 10 to 70 millimeters and the branch (10a) is designed in the form of a bend.

8. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the branch (10a) is designed as a flexible hose connection.

9. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the Sekundärheizräume (10) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one side line (15 ) is equipped with a manually closable tap (15a).

10. Coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the Sekundärheizräume (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one side line (15 ) is equipped with a measuring nozzle for measuring the pressure, which has a diameter of 8 to 50 millimeters, and which is end equipped with a pressure gauge (15b).

1 1. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one side line ( 15) is equipped with an aperture for flow measurement.

12. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the Sekundärheizräume (10) according to one of claims 1 to 1 1, characterized in that the collecting line (1 1) is equipped with one or more adjusting devices (14) for regulating the air supply, and with a closable bypass line (1 1 a) for the coke oven to be controlled (2).

13. Coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that at least one adjusting device (14) in the collecting line (1 1) is arranged so that it is arranged in front of the branches (10 a) of the side pipes (15) of a coke oven chamber (2).

14. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13 a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) according to one of Claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the adjusting device (14) includes a control member (14b) for shutting off or reducing the cross section of the manifold (1 1), which is a cock, a diaphragm, a spindle, a flap or a slider.

15. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the adjusting device (14) equipped with an electric drive (14c).

16. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) according to one of

Claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the adjusting device (14) is equipped with a handwheel (14d) or a point switch for manual operation on site.

17. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) according to one of

Claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the adjusting device (14) with an additional air opening (14a) for metering air into the manifold (1 1) is equipped, which is equipped with a remotely controllable, electrically adjustable additional control element.

18. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) according to one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the adjusting device (14) is protected from heat radiation with a housing (14f).

19. Coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) according to claim

18, characterized in that the housing (14f) has at least one outer wall which is coated with a layer of a heat-insulating material.

20. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) according to one of

Claims 12 to 17, characterized in that between the direction (14) and the coke oven chamber (2) are one to three metal plates that protect the actuator (14) from the heat radiation of the coke oven chamber (2), and have a thickness of 1 to 15 mm, and a distance of 5 to 40 cm to the adjusting device (14).

21. Coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the Sekundärheizräume (10) according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that at least one coke oven chamber (2) a temperature measuring sensor is equipped, and the collecting line (1 1) is equipped at least one point with an adjusting device (14) with valve (14b) for controlling the cross section, which is adjusted based on the measurement signals from the temperature measuring sensor.

22. Coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that at least one coke oven chamber (2 ) is equipped with a pressure measuring sensor (15b), and the collecting line (1 1) is equipped at least one point with an adjusting device (14) with valve (14b) for regulating the cross-section, which adjusted based on the measurement signals from the pressure measuring sensor (15b) becomes.

23. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that at least one collecting line ( 1 1) auxiliary openings are installed, through which air in the collecting line (1 1) is inserted, and which are closed with sliders (17) which are moved by rods (17 a), which in turn from a rotation axis on the collecting line (1 1 ) are moved.

24. coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the openings of the secondary air sole (10) are equipped with closable (12c) inlet openings to the frontal coke oven chamber wall.

25. A method for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) in a coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery", in which

A coke oven bank (1) consisting of coke ovens (2) of the said type is used for the cyclical coking of coal (6) by loading a coke oven (2) with a coal cake (6) provided for coking coal (6) , and above the coal cake (6) a gas space (7) is released as Primärheizraum (7), which is provided for substoichiometric combustion (5a) of the coking gas, and

The partially burned coking gas from the primary heating space (7) is directed into the flue gas passages (8) below the coke oven chamber (2) via gas passages (9) located in the side coke oven chamber walls, in which the partially burned coking gas is completely stoichiometric with an amount of combustion air (13a) is burned, and

The superstoichiometric amount of combustion air (13a) is introduced via a secondary air sole (10) which is located below the flue gas ducts (8) and which can be closed with controllable closure elements (15a),

characterized in that

The secondary air sole (10) of at least one coke oven (2) of a coke oven bank (1), the secondary air sole (10) being located below the coke oven chamber floor and the flue gas ducts (8) and connected to the latter via vertical channels (8a) via inlet nozzles (15) is supplied from the branches (10 a) of a manifold (11) along the coke oven chamber front (1) through the frontal coke oven chamber wall with combustion air (13 a).

26. A method for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) in a coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" according to claim 25, characterized in that the control of the access of the combustion air (13a) is controlled in the secondary air sole (10) of a coke oven chamber (2) by means of an actuator (14) sitting in the gas flow direction before each coke oven (2) in the manifold (11), and with a valve (14b) for reducing or closing the cable cross-section is equipped.

27. A method for the directed introduction of combustion air (13 a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) in a coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" according to claim 26, characterized in that the valve (14 b) electrically (14c) is operated.

28. A method for the directed introduction of combustion air (13 a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) in a coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" according to claim 27, characterized in that the adjusting device (14 c) the control station of the coke oven plant is regulated from.

29. Method for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) into a coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery"

Recovery "according to claim 27, characterized in that the adjusting device (14c) is regulated by means of a timer.

30. A method for the directed introduction of combustion air (13 a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) in a coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" according to any one of claims 27 or 28, characterized in that the adjusting device (14c) is controlled by means of a temperature or pressure measurement parameter (15b) in the coke oven chamber (2), which represents a measure of the progress of the coking process.

31. A method for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) into the secondary heating chambers (10) into a coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery".

Recovery "according to one of claims 25 to 30, characterized in that the combustion air (13a) is introduced via the collecting line (1 1) with an overpressure of more than 10 mbar above the atmospheric pressure in the secondary air sole (10).

32. A method for the directed introduction of combustion air (13a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) in a coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" according to any one of claims 25 to 31, characterized in that the coke oven bank (1) on the ceiling (4) of the coke oven chambers (2) is also equipped with a header for primary combustion air (5a) through which via a side pipe primary combustion air (5a) in the coke oven chambers (2) can be introduced, the manifold for primary combustion air (5a) is equipped with a torch.

33. A method for the directed introduction of combustion air (13 a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) in a coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" according to claim 32, characterized in that the torch has a length of at least 1, 5 meters owns.

34. A method for the directed introduction of combustion air (13 a) in the Sekundärheizräume (10) in a coke oven (2) of the type "non-recovery" or "heat recovery" according to any one of claims 25 to 33, characterized in that Manifold (1 1) for secondary combustion air combustion air (13 a) in the secondary air sole (10) is introduced, which is enriched with oxygen, nitrogen or water vapor.