EP2865788B1 - System for surface chemical or electrochemical treatment of small metal parts - Google Patents

System for surface chemical or electrochemical treatment of small metal parts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2865788B1
EP2865788B1 EP14190019.1A EP14190019A EP2865788B1 EP 2865788 B1 EP2865788 B1 EP 2865788B1 EP 14190019 A EP14190019 A EP 14190019A EP 2865788 B1 EP2865788 B1 EP 2865788B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
receptacle
tank
small metal
metal parts
treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14190019.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2865788A1 (en
Inventor
Luciano Grassi
Giovanni Grassi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Omig Srl
Original Assignee
Omig Srl
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Publication date
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Priority to PL14190019T priority Critical patent/PL2865788T3/pl
Publication of EP2865788A1 publication Critical patent/EP2865788A1/en
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Publication of EP2865788B1 publication Critical patent/EP2865788B1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D17/16—Apparatus for electrolytic coating of small objects in bulk
    • C25D17/22—Apparatus for electrolytic coating of small objects in bulk having open containers
    • C25D17/26—Oscillating baskets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/045—Cleaning involving contact with liquid using perforated containers, e.g. baskets, or racks immersed and agitated in a liquid bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D17/02—Tanks; Installations therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for surface chemical or electrochemical treatment of small metal parts, for example, but not necessarily, a cataphoretic and electrolytic electrodeposition system for small metal parts.
  • Such treatment stations for example degreasing and washing stations, are defined by a succession of tanks which have a specific bath according to the type of pretreatment.
  • the small metal parts are generally positioned in a perforated receptacle that is immersed in a tank for the period necessary for the required treatment and then transferred into the subsequent tank by means of a special robotized arm having two vertical and horizontal translation axes.
  • the receptacle is generally a cylindrical barrel with a horizontal axis positionable in the tanks, where it is rotatably supported on its axis so as to carry out a number of 360° rotations.
  • the barrel has a longitudinal mouth fashioned along its side wall for access of the parts, a removable cover for closing off its access mouth, and external rotation pins at its base which are engageable in a specific device for drawing it in rotation.
  • a system for feeding small metal parts such as the one described has several drawbacks.
  • the construction of the container is rather complicated because it necessarily requires a cover to prevent the parts from falling out during the complete rotation of the container, a system for closing the cover, and a system for coupling to the device for drawing it in rotation.
  • US3844542 discloses a container for an electroplating bath which is to be oscillated about an axis when in operation. Said container can also be tilted about said axis so that the contents of the container can be emptied into the subsequent container.
  • the technical task of the present invention is thus to provide a system for surface chemical or electrochemical treatment of small metal parts that makes it possible to eliminate the aforementioned technical drawbacks of the prior art.
  • one object of the invention is to provide a system for surface chemical or electrochemical treatment of small metal parts which enables a substantial reduction in the consumption of treatment baths and/or of water in the baths.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a system for surface chemical or electrochemical treatment of small metal parts which is highly efficient and simple and economical in construction.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a system for surface chemical or electrochemical treatment of small metal parts that is versatilely adaptable to applications of different types, particularly to coating by cataphoresis, treatments suitable for imparting corrosion resistance, brilliance, and abrasion resistance, and surface activation and passivation treatments.
  • a system for surface chemical or electrochemical treatment of small metal parts comprising a frame supporting a plurality of tanks arranged in succession, characterized in that each has associated with it a corresponding receptacle for containing the parts and having a plurality of passage holes for a treatment bath with which the tank can be filled, each receptacle being rigidly supported by a corresponding shaft rotating about itself and having means for driving its rotation that can be switched between a first operating mode, in which they are programmed to carry out a reiterated oscillation of the shaft with a first rotation angle for subjecting the parts present in the receptacle to mechanical shaking, and a second operating mode in which they are programmed to carry out a rotation of the shaft with a second rotation angle that is greater than the first rotation angle so as to bring the receptacle into a position for unloading the parts present therein.
  • the successive tanks are separated by delimiting walls that have a base part and an upper part that is bent relative to the base part in a direction opposite the one in which the parts are fed through the succession of the tanks.
  • the rotation shaft of the receptacle is disposed above the respective tank in a rearward position relative to the base part of the delimiting wall.
  • the rotation shaft of the receptacle is disposed substantially on the extension of the upper part of the delimiting wall.
  • the consumption of treatment liquid is extremely reduced due to the fact that each receptacle, in the unloading position, is not immersed in the subsequent tank, which simply has the receptacle positioned over it for the time necessary to complete the transfer of the parts to the subsequent receptacle. Furthermore, preferably in the unloading position, the receptacle is also positioned over the corresponding tank into which, therefore, at least part of the treatment liquid remaining in the receptacle is conveyed as it drips through the holes of the receptacle.
  • the savings in the consumption of the treatment liquid used to treat the parts are twofold: the transfer, from one tank to another, of the treatment liquid - which impregnates the receptacle once it is extracted from the tank - is limited and the contamination of one bath with the treatment liquid of the upstream bath is limited.
  • the savings substantially derive from the fact of not immersing the receptacle impregnated with the degreasing solution in the washing bath, taking into account the fact that the receptacle generally has a considerable size and consequently a large surface area impregnated with the degreasing solution.
  • the productivity of the system is likewise improved thanks to the coordinated actuation of the shafts of the various tanks during the performance of the various treatments and for transferring parts from one receptacle to another.
  • a section of the system upstream of the station for galvanically treating the parts where the parts are prepared for the galvanic treatment by means of treatments, in sequence, of degreasing, washing, activation and phosphating, which can be performed by conveying the parts forward through a plurality of open-top tanks arranged in succession, each fillable with a specific treatment liquid.
  • the treatment bath in one tank can be the same as or different from the treatment bath in the tank adjacent.
  • the number of tanks can obviously vary according to need, as can the treatment baths.
  • All of the tanks 2 are supported by a frame which has a horizontally disposed longitudinal resting base 3 for the tanks and vertical shoulders 4, 4' that extend along the longitudinal sides of the resting base 3.
  • All of the tanks in the system are entirely confined within the longitudinal compartment delimited between the shoulders 4, 4' of the frame and in particular they follow one another in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of this compartment.
  • the tank 2 comprises a rear vertical wall 5 oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of the frame, a front vertical wall 6 opposite the rear wall 5 and oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis of the frame, a first lateral vertical wall 7 oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the frame, a second lateral vertical wall 8 opposite the first side wall 7 and oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the frame, and a quadrangular bottom wall 9 from whose perimeter sides the walls 5, 6, 7 and 8 extend.
  • the front wall 6 has an upper part 6a bent toward the rear wall 5.
  • the front wall 6 of one tank 2 coincides with the rear wall 5 of the subsequent tank 2.
  • the side walls 7 of the tanks 2 are mutually coplanar and of equal height, just as the side walls 8 of the tanks 2 are mutually coplanar and of equal height.
  • Each tank 2 has associated with it a corresponding receptacle 10 for containing the parts.
  • Each receptacle 10 is rigidly supported by a corresponding shaft 11 rotating about itself.
  • Each receptacle 10 comprises, specifically, a quadrangular bottom wall 12 from whose perimeter sides extend a rear wall 13, a front wall 14, and two opposite side walls 15 and 16.
  • the rear wall 13 has a lower height than that of the front wall 14 relative to the bottom wall 12.
  • the side walls 15, 16 are vertical and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the compartment defined by the frame.
  • the free edge of the walls 13, 14, 15 and 16 delimits a mouth 17 for loading and unloading the parts.
  • the walls 13, 14, 15 and 16 have a plurality of calibrated holes 18 passing through their thickness to permit the passage of the treatment liquid from the inside to the outside of the receptacle 10 and vice versa.
  • the holes 18 can be distributed over the entire extent of the walls 13,14, 15 and 16 or located in some areas thereof.
  • Each shaft 11 has corresponding means for driving its rotation that can be switched between a first and a second operating mode.
  • the driving means preferably comprise a gear motor 19 connected to one end of the shaft 11.
  • the driving means are programmed to carry out a reiterated oscillation of the shaft 11, with a first rotation angle ⁇ , between two angular reference positions identified by planes r and s passing through the geometric axis A of the shaft 11, so as to subject the parts present in the receptacle 10 to mechanical shaking.
  • the driving means are programmed to carry out a rotation of the shaft 11, with a second rotation angle ⁇ that is greater than the first rotation angle ⁇ , between the angular reference position identified by the plane r and an angular reference position identified by a plane t passing through the geometric axis A of the shaft 11, so as to bring the receptacle 10 into a position for unloading the parts present therein.
  • the angular reference position of the shaft 11 identified by the plane r represents the starting end for executing both the first rotation angle ⁇ and the second rotation angle ⁇ .
  • the first rotation angle ⁇ and the second rotation angle ⁇ are thus executed with an opposite direction of rotation starting from the angular reference position identified by the plane r.
  • the shaft 11 is disposed in such a way that irrespective of the angular position assumed during execution of the first rotation angle ⁇ , the corresponding receptacle 10 is positioned in the corresponding tank 2 with the loading and unloading mouth 17 above the bottom wall 12.
  • the shaft 11 is also disposed in such a way that, on completion of the second rotation angle ⁇ , the corresponding receptacle 10 will assume a tipped over position wherein the mouth 17 is below the bottom wall 12 and set over the subsequent tank 2 so as to transfer the parts by a gravity-induced fall into the receptacle 10 of the subsequent tank 2.
  • Each shaft 11 is orientated horizontally and transversely to the direction of alignment of the tanks 2.
  • Each shaft 11 is in particular disposed above the tank 2 of the receptacle 10 it is associated with, in a position adjacent to the subsequent tank 2.
  • All of the shafts 10 are fixed to the shoulders 4, 4' of the support frame and all lie in a same horizontal plane.
  • Each shaft 11 is positioned externally to the corresponding receptacle 10 and, more precisely, has a fastening plate 21 for the side wall 14 of the corresponding receptacle 10.
  • the disposition of the shaft 11 is such that, in the tipped over position assumed upon completion of the second rotation angle ⁇ of the shaft 11, the corresponding receptacle 10 has one part positioned over the corresponding tank 2 and one part, including the mouth 17, positioned over the subsequent tank 2.
  • a perforated pipe 20 is provided inside it for loading the treatment bath, connected to a line for recirculating the treatment bath the tank is filled with.
  • the perforated pipe 20 is supported between the shoulders 15, 16 of the receptacle and extends rectilinearly in a direction parallel to the shaft 11.
  • the receptacle 10 also has associated with it an internal compressed air nozzle (not shown) to assist the mechanical shaking of the parts during the treatment in the treatment bath and detachment from the walls of the receptacle during unloading.
  • an internal compressed air nozzle not shown
  • Different constructive solutions are obviously conceivable for the receptacle 10, all falling within the scope of the present invention.
  • the treatment bath can also be loaded into the receptacle 10 through the holes 18 of the walls 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 of the receptacle 10, as occurs for unloading.
  • the first receptacle 10 associated with the first tank 2 in the succession of tanks 2 is set in a parts loading position in which the corresponding shaft 11 is stationary in the angular reference position indicated by the plane r.
  • a suitable external hopper (not shown) loads the parts into this first receptacle 10.
  • the driving means of the rotation shaft 11 of the first receptacle 10 are activated in the first operating mode, wherein the rotation shaft 11 of the first receptacle 10 rotates from the angular reference position indicated by the plane r to the angular reference position indicated by the plane s, then carries out a reverse rotation from the angular reference position indicated by the plane s to the angular reference position indicated by the plane r, and repeats this oscillation cycle a certain number of times.
  • the amplitude of the angular oscillation of the first receptacle 10 is such that the first receptacle 10 remains partially immersed below the level of the liquid the first tank 2 is filled with and maintains the mouth 17 always above the bottom wall 12 in such a way as to subject to the parts contained inside it to mechanical agitation without the risk of them falling out while they are immersed in the treatment bath.
  • the receptacle 10 is positioned with its front wall 14 adjacent to the inner side of the bent part 6a of the front wall 6 of the tank 2 so as to amplify the first oscillation angle ⁇ , and hence the effect of mechanical agitation on the parts, to the maximum degree.
  • the first rotation angle is comprised between 20° and 40°.
  • the driving means of the rotation shaft 11 of the first receptacle 10 switch to the second operating mode and are activated, moving the rotation shaft 11 of the first receptacle 10 from the angular reference position indicated by the plane r to the angular reference position indicated by the plane t, in which the rotation shaft 11 of the first receptacle 10 remains stationary for the time necessary to unload the parts.
  • the first receptacle 10 In the angular reference position of the rotation shaft 11 of the first receptacle 10 identified by the plane t, the first receptacle 10 is positioned with its front wall 14 adjacent to the outer side of the bent part 6a of the front wall 6 of the corresponding tank 2 so as to make it possible for the parts to be unloaded in the front area of the subsequent tank 2.
  • the second rotation angle is comprised between 130° and 140°.
  • the first receptacle 10 In the angular reference position of the rotation shaft 11 of the first receptacle 10 indicated by the plane t, the first receptacle 10 is tipped over with its mouth 17 set over the subsequent second tank 2.
  • the rotation shaft 11 of the subsequent second receptacle 10 associated with the subsequent second tank 2 remains stationary in the angular reference position indicated by the plane r, in which the second receptacle 10 receives the mouth 17 of the first receptacle 10 in its own mouth 17 so that the transfer of the parts from the first receptacle 10 to the second receptacle 10 can take place by a gravity-induced fall: in particular, the falling parts slide along the front downward-inclined wall 14 of the first receptacle 10 and then along the rear wall 13 of the second receptacle 10, which is also inclined downward.
  • the driving means of the rotation shaft 11 of the first receptacle 10 are activated so as to rotate it in the opposite direction up to the angular reference position for receiving a load of new parts to be treated, identified by the plane r, while the driving means of the rotation shaft 11 of the second receptacle 10 are activated in the first operating mode, wherein the rotation shaft 11 of the second receptacle 10 rotates from the angular reference position indicated by the plane r to the angular reference position indicated by the plane s, then carries out a reverse rotation from the angular reference position indicated by the plane s to the angular reference position indicated by the plane r, and repeats this oscillation cycle a certain number of times so as to subject the parts previously treated in the first tank 2 to the second treatment in the second tank 2.
  • the parts are thus made to advance from one tank 2 to the subsequent tank 2 and up to the last tank 2, from which they are transferred to the station where the galvanic treatment will take place.
  • the treatment tanks and associated receptacles as described above can also obviously be downstream of the galvanic treatment station.
  • the sequential treatment of small metal parts through the tanks of the system of the present invention can be easily automated and managed without complex, careful checks by specialized personnel. To this end it is simply necessary to coordinate the treatment, loading and unloading times among the various tanks and to coordinate, accordingly, the programming of the driving means in rotating the rotation shafts of the receptacles.
  • the same system can be used, with the sole replacement of the treatment baths, in various types of applications that involve a chemical or electrochemical treatment of small metal parts.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)
EP14190019.1A 2013-10-28 2014-10-23 System for surface chemical or electrochemical treatment of small metal parts Active EP2865788B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL14190019T PL2865788T3 (pl) 2013-10-28 2014-10-23 Instalacja do chemicznej lub elektrochemicznej obróbki powierzchni drobnych części metalowych

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT001789A ITMI20131789A1 (it) 2013-10-28 2013-10-28 Impianto di trattamento superficiale chimico o elettrochimico di minuteria metallica

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2865788A1 EP2865788A1 (en) 2015-04-29
EP2865788B1 true EP2865788B1 (en) 2018-02-21

Family

ID=49683895

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14190019.1A Active EP2865788B1 (en) 2013-10-28 2014-10-23 System for surface chemical or electrochemical treatment of small metal parts

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2865788B1 (pl)
IT (1) ITMI20131789A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL2865788T3 (pl)
TR (1) TR201807102T4 (pl)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107931234B (zh) * 2017-11-03 2021-01-05 无锡琨圣智能装备股份有限公司 一种手动机械式清洗装置
CN214061030U (zh) * 2020-11-13 2021-08-27 苏州市多利伦蚕丝有限公司 一种用于纺织生产的防侧滑梳毛装置

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3844542A (en) * 1972-05-04 1974-10-29 H Strecke Containers for electroplating baths
DE2801508A1 (de) * 1978-01-12 1979-07-19 Schering Ag Vorrichtung zum zufuehren von fluessigkeiten oder gasen in den innenraum von trommeln zum galvanisieren oder zur chemischen behandlung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2865788A1 (en) 2015-04-29
ITMI20131789A1 (it) 2015-04-29
PL2865788T3 (pl) 2018-07-31
TR201807102T4 (tr) 2018-06-21

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