EP2865035A2 - Procédé de préparation de nanoparticules de catalyseur pour la réduction cathodique du dioxygène en présence de méthanol - Google Patents
Procédé de préparation de nanoparticules de catalyseur pour la réduction cathodique du dioxygène en présence de méthanolInfo
- Publication number
- EP2865035A2 EP2865035A2 EP13729778.4A EP13729778A EP2865035A2 EP 2865035 A2 EP2865035 A2 EP 2865035A2 EP 13729778 A EP13729778 A EP 13729778A EP 2865035 A2 EP2865035 A2 EP 2865035A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chalcogen
- ranging
- transition metal
- catalyst
- ratio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
- H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8878—Treatment steps after deposition of the catalytic active composition or after shaping of the electrode being free-standing body
- H01M4/8882—Heat treatment, e.g. drying, baking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/923—Compounds thereof with non-metallic elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/926—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/928—Unsupported catalytic particles; loose particulate catalytic materials, e.g. in fluidised state
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/8689—Positive electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of nanoparticles of cathodic reduction catalyst of dioxygen and methanol-tolerant, these nanoparticles comprising a metal center and a sub-monolayer of a chalcogen.
- the invention also relates to catalyst nanoparticles obtainable by said method.
- the invention also relates to a battery cathode, in particular for a direct methanol fuel cell comprising said nanoparticles.
- Fuel cells can significantly improve energy conversion efficiency, reduce harmful emissions and depend on oil as a source of energy.
- This technology has wide applications in transportation and in portable electrical or electronic devices, such as mobile phones.
- the cathodes conventionally used in this type of battery in particular based on platinum, can oxidize methanol, so that the effectiveness of the battery is affected.
- WO 2010/096616 describes a process for obtaining nanoparticles of CoSe 2 supported on carbon as a cathode for fuel cells in the presence of methanol.
- US 7,851,399 discloses a process for preparing catalyst nanoparticles comprising a transition metal and a chalcogen as a cathode for fuel cells in the presence of methanol.
- a process for preparing a carbon-supported platinum-sulfide catalyst by heat treatment of a chemical precursor obtained by reaction of sulfur and platinum salts at room temperature has been described (Y.Gochi-Ponce, Electrochem. Commun., 2006, 8, 1487-1491).
- a process for preparing a platinum-supported selenium catalyst on carbon by colloidal organic modification in the presence of sodium citrate and triphenylphosphine as complexing agents has been described (RF Wang, J.Power Sources, 2007, 171, 471- 476).
- a first object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of cathodic reduction catalyst nanoparticles of oxygen, and in particular methanol-tolerant, which provides a solution to all or part of the problems of the processes of the state. of the technique.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of nanoparticles of cathodic reduction catalyst of dioxygen, and in particular methanol-tolerant, easy to implement and whose yield is improved, thus being able to be transposed to a certain extent. industrial scale, while having little or no impact on the environment.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a process for the preparation of nanoparticles of cathodic reduction catalyst of dioxygen, and in particular methanol-tolerant, allowing access to catalysts of new composition.
- the present invention relates to a method (P1) for preparing cathodic reduction and methanol-tolerant cathodic reduction catalyst nanoparticles comprising
- a metal center comprising at least one supported or unsupported transition metal and selected from platinum, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium or
- sub-monolayer of a chalcogen is meant the recovery of the metal center by a discontinuous layer of chalcogen on the surface of the metal center.
- molar ratio of maximum electrocatalytic activity R is meant the molar ratio (chalcogen / transition metal) of the catalyst making it possible to obtain the maximum electrocatalytic activity in the presence of methanol.
- methanol-tolerant catalyst a catalyst whose electrocatalytic activity is not affected or is only slightly affected by the presence of methanol, preferably the electrocatalytic activity is reduced by less than 20% in the presence of methanol.
- the ratio R 1 may range from 0.001 to 1, preferably from 0.3 to 0.9, advantageously from 0.5 to 0.7.
- the metal center may comprise at least one supported transition metal and selected from platinum, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium or iridium.
- the metal center comprises supported platinum.
- the support may comprise carbon.
- the support may comprise amorphous carbon, carbon nanotubes or graphene.
- the support may comprise an oxide-carbon composite, preferably chosen from the TiO 2 -carbon, WO 3 -carbon or SnO 2 -carbon composites.
- the method (P1) further comprises
- the v / v mixture of water and isopropanol comprises a greater volume of water relative to the volume of ethanol.
- the v / v water / isopropanol ratio of step vii) ranges from 3/1 to 7/1, preferably equal to 5/1.
- the inorganic compound of step viii) comprising a chalcogen may be chosen from oxides and salts.
- oxides examples include selenium oxide.
- salt mention may be made of sodium sulphide.
- the evaporation of water and isopropanol of step x) can be carried out by any usual technique known to those skilled in the art.
- the heating method under controlled atmosphere.
- the preparation of the catalyst nanoparticles of step i) can be carried out by any method known to those skilled in the art for preparing catalyst nanoparticles comprising a supported or unsupported transition metal whose surface is modified by a sub-monolayer of a chalcogen.
- step i) comprises,
- the v / v mixture of water and isopropanol of step i.a) comprises a greater volume of water relative to the volume of ethanol.
- the v / v water / isopropanol ratio of step i.a) ranges from 3/1 to 7/1, preferably equal to 5/1.
- the inorganic compound of step i.b) comprising a chalcogen may be chosen from oxides and salts.
- oxides examples include selenium oxide.
- salt mention may be made of sodium sulphide.
- the evaporation of the water and the isopropanol of step i.d) can be carried out by any usual technique known to those skilled in the art.
- the heating method under controlled atmosphere.
- the invention also relates to a process (P2) for preparing improved catalyst nanoparticles.
- the process (P2) is a process that is easy to implement and whose efficiency is improved, thus being able to be transposed on an industrial scale, while having no or very little impact on the environment. .
- the transition metal is platinum
- the chalcogen is selenium
- the ratio R 1 is 0.5 to 0.7 and the ratio R is less than 0.5, preferably less than or equal to 0, 3, advantageously ranges from 0.1 to 0.3.
- the transition metal is platinum
- the chalcogen is sulfur
- the ratio R 1 is 0.5 to 0.7 and the ratio R is less than or equal to 0.5, preferably 0 , 1 to 0.3.
- the transition metal is ruthenium
- the ratio R 1 is less than or equal to 1 and the ratio R is less than or equal to 0.5, preferably ranges from 0.05 to 0.5.
- the metal center may also comprise an additional supported or unsupported metal selected from gold, titanium, tin, cobalt, nickel, iron or chromium, preferably titanium.
- the additional metal is supported.
- the definitions and characteristics of the support presented for the transition metal in the process (P1) apply for the support of the additional metal.
- the atomic ratio (transition metal / additional metal) in the process (P1) ranges from 1 to 19.
- the working electrode of step ii) of the process (P1) comprises a metal chosen from gold, titanium, tin, cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium, preferably gold or titanium.
- reference electrode any electrode whose potential is fixed.
- the reference electrode in the method (P1) may be chosen from the usual reference electrodes and known to those skilled in the art.
- auxiliary electrode in the method (P1) may be chosen from the usual auxiliary electrodes and known to those skilled in the art.
- the electrolytic solution of step ii) in the process (P1) can be an acidic solution.
- the electrolytic solution of step ii) in the process (P1) may comprise an acid chosen from perchloric acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid.
- the electrolytic solution comprises sulfuric acid.
- the molar concentration of the electrolytic solution of step ii) in the process (P1) to acid can range from 0.1 M to 2M.
- the molar concentration of the electrochemical cell of step ii) in the process (P1) in methanol can range from 0.1 M to 20M, preferably from 0.5M to 5M.
- the oxidation potential of step iii) in the process (P1) may vary depending on the nature of the transition metal.
- the oxidation potential of step iii) in the process (P1) ranges from 1 to 1, 2V.
- Half wave potential means the shape of the wave and its position for an electrochemical system that depends on the kinetic regime, as in the dioxygen reduction reaction.
- the half-wave potential of step iv) in the process (P1) can be determined by any customary measure known to those skilled in the art.
- RDE Rotating Disk Electrode
- the determination of the residual recovery rate of step v) in the process (P1) can be carried out by any usual method known to those skilled in the art.
- CO-stripping method can also be mentioned, as described for example in the document Vidakovic et al (Vidakovic et al., Electrochim Acta 52 (2007), 5606-5613), which is particularly suitable for platinum, rhodium, ruthenium and with iridium.
- the value of the ratio R of step vi) is determined from the value of the residual recovery rate of step v) by deposition under hydrogen potential determined in a potential range, by adsorption and desorption of a monolayer of hydrogen.
- This process corresponds to a charge of 210 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ "2 for an adsorbed monolayer of hydrogen.
- the size of the nanoparticles resulting from the process ranges from 1 to 10 nm, preferably from 2 to 3 nm.
- Another subject of the present invention relates to a process (P2) for the preparation of nanoparticles of a methanol-tolerant catalyst comprising
- a metal center comprising at least one supported or unsupported transition metal and selected from platinum, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium or iridium;
- the mixture of water and isopropanol of step i) of the process (P2) comprises a content by volume of water greater than the volume content of ethanol.
- the ratio v / v water / isopropanol of step i) of the process (P2) ranges from 3/1 to 7/1, preferably is equal to 5/1.
- the inorganic compound of step ii) of the process (P2) comprising a chalcogen may be chosen from oxides and salts.
- oxides examples include selenium oxide.
- salt mention may be made of sodium sulphide.
- the evaporation of water and isopropanol from step iv) of the process (P2) can be carried out by any usual technique known to those skilled in the art.
- the heating method under controlled atmosphere.
- the molar ratio (chalcogen / metal center) is less than 0.5, preferably less than or equal to 0.3, advantageously from 0.1 to 0.3.
- the catalyst nanoparticles resulting from the process (P1) or (P2) are deposited on the surface of a constituent cathode of a battery, in an amount ranging from 0.1 to 2 mg per cm 2 of cathode .
- Another subject of the present invention relates to catalyst nanoparticles comprising a metal center comprising supported or unsupported platinum and covered with a selenium sub-monolayer in a ratio (selenium / platinum) ranging from 0.1 to 0.5, of preferably from 0.1 to 0.3, obtainable by the process (P1) or (P2) according to the invention.
- Another object of the present invention relates to catalyst nanoparticles comprising a metal center comprising supported or unsupported platinum and covered with a sub-monolayer of sulfur in a ratio (sulfur / platinum) ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 , obtainable by the process (P1) or (P2) according to the invention.
- the size of the nanoparticles ranges from 1 to 10 nm, preferably 2 to 3 nm.
- Another object of the present invention relates to the use of the catalyst nanoparticles according to the invention as a catalyst for the reduction reaction of dioxygen in the presence of methanol.
- Another object of the present invention relates to a battery cathode comprising nanoparticles according to the invention.
- the cathode may be a cathode for a direct methanol fuel cell, a cathode for a microfluidic fuel cell.
- a microfluidic fuel cell is a battery whose fuel and oxidant are combined without mixing in the form of a liquid in the flow of a micro-channel, called a Laminar Flow Fuel Cell (LFFC) or a microfluidic fuel cell. fuel and oxidant are mixed, named Mixed Reactant Fuel Cell (MRFC).
- LFFC Laminar Flow Fuel Cell
- MRFC Mixed Reactant Fuel Cell
- Another object of the present invention relates to a battery comprising a cathode comprising nanoparticles according to the invention.
- the battery can be a direct methanol fuel cell.
- the stack may be a microfluidic fuel cell.
- the cell is a microfluidic stack with direct methanol fuel.
- the surface of the cathode present in the cell has a quantity of catalyst nanoparticles ranging from 0.1 to 2 mg per cm 2 .
- Figure 1 represents the chronoamperometry for different stripping durations implemented.
- FIG. 2 represents the dioxygen reduction curves at 900 rpm measured after the chronoamperometric measurement at 1.1 V during different stripping times.
- FIG. 3 represents the half wave potential E 1/2 as a function of the stripping time.
- FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 respectively represent the half-wave potential E 1/2 as a function of the stripping time between 0 and 40 min and for a quantity of deposited catalyst of 20 ⁇ g ! 81 ⁇ g and 162 ⁇ g.
- Fig. 7 simultaneously shows the cell voltage curves and the power density versus current density curves at temperatures of 30 ° C, 50 ° C and 80 ° C for catalyst nanoparticles having a R molar ratio. (selenium / platinum) equal to 0.2 (PtSe 0 , 2 / C) in a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).
- DMFC direct methanol fuel cell
- Fig. 8 shows simultaneously the cell voltage curves and the power density versus current density curves at temperatures of 30 ° C, 50 ° C and 80 ° C for Pt / C catalysts in a battery.
- direct methanol fuel (DMFC) shows a comparative diagram of the maximum power density values catalyst nanoparticles having a molar ratio R (selenium / platinum) equal to 0.2 (PTSE 0, 2 / C) and a catalyst (Pt / C ) in a direct methanol fuel cell at temperatures of 30 ° C, 50 ° C and 80 ° C.
- FIG. 10 simultaneously shows the electrode potential curves (cathode and anode) and the power density versus current density curves at a temperature of 25 ° C. for nanoparticles of catalysts having a molar ratio R (selenium) / platinum) equal to 0.2 (PtSe 0 , 2 / C) in a microfluidic stack of LFFC type (laminar flow fuel cell) and of MRFC (mixed-reactant fuel cell) type.
- Example 1 Preparation of platinum catalyst nanoparticles supported on carbon and coated with a selenium sub-monolayer in a mole ratio (selenium / platinum) R 1 equal to 0.5 (PTSE 0, 5 / C) according to step i) of the process (P1) or according to the process (P2)
- a platinum composite supported on carbon (Pt / C) was synthesized by the carbonyl method.
- reaction was then activated for 15 minutes at 55 ° C in the presence of carbon monoxide with stirring.
- the solvent was then evaporated by heating at 80 ° C under nitrogen.
- the powder of the Pt / C compound was then recovered by washing and filtration with ultrapure water.
- the compound (Pt / C) was modified on its surface with selenium atoms by a selenization process.
- the compound Pt / C (62.5 mg) and selenium oxide SeO 2 (3.8 mg) were mixed in an aqueous solution of isopropanol (30 mL) in a ratio v / v ( water / isopropanol) equal to 5 and stirred for 12 h at room temperature.
- the resulting powder is heated at 200 ° C for 1 h under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the catalyst obtained consists of platinum supported on carbon and surface-modified with a selenium sub-monolayer in a molar ratio (selenium / platinum) R 1 equal to 0.5.
- Example 2 tolerant catalyst for preparing nanoparticles methanol consisting of platinum supported on carbon and coated with a selenium sub-monolayer in a molar ratio R (selenium / platinum) equal to 0.2 (PTSE 0, 2 / C ) according to the method (P1).
- catalyst nanoparticles consisting of platinum supported on carbon and coated with a selenium sub-monolayer in a molar ratio (selenium / platinum) equal to 0.2 (PtSe 0.2 / C)
- catalyst nanoparticles of Example 1 were used as starting nanoparticles.
- Catalyst nanoparticles of Example 1 were introduced into a cell thermostatically controlled electrochemical device comprising:
- a gold electrode as working electrode having a surface of 0.071 cm 2 ,
- vitreous carbon electrode as an auxiliary electrode
- An acidic electrolyte solution comprising water, sulfuric acid (96%,
- the catalyst nanoparticles were deposited by argon nebulization on the surface of the working electrode in a specific mass of 0.27 mg / cm 2 , corresponding to a total mass of 20 ⁇ g of catalyst nanoparticles.
- the oxidation potential was applied under a saturated nitrogen atmosphere for a time of 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes, termed stripping time.
- the open circuit potential moves to a more negative potential.
- This mixed potential comes from the simultaneous electrochemical oxidation of methanol and the dioxygen reduction reaction.
- the catalyst comprising platinum supported on carbon but in the absence of a selenium sub-layer is less tolerant to methanol.
- the half-wave potential E 1/2 for each stripping time was determined by measuring the potential for which the current intensity is equal to half of the limiting diffusion current intensity.
- Each half-wave potential value corresponds to a specific catalyst composition, characterized by a specific R (selenium / platinum) molar ratio.
- FIG. 3 shows that the half-wave potential of the catalyst reaches a plateau for a stripping time equal to 20 min, corresponding to a value close to 0.8 V.
- the selenium recovery rate exhibits the greatest activity for the dioxygen reduction reaction (see curve 3 of FIG. 2) while being more tolerant to methanol poisoning.
- the residual recovery rate of platinum supported by selenium was determined at a value ranging from 0.15 to 0, 2.
- the molar ratio (selenium / platinum) was determined to a value of close to 0.2.
- the optimal stripping time corresponds to the time for which the value of the half wave potential E 1/2 is maximum, and therefore for which the electrocatalytic activity is maximum.
- Example 2 The process according to Example 1 was repeated for an amount of catalyst PTSE 0, 2 deposited on the surface of the cathode in a density of 0.9 mg.cm "2 Pt.
- the direct methanol fuel cell is composed of an assembly MEA (membrane electrode assembly) comprising a membrane Nafion N212 ® (DuPont) sandwiched between the anode and the cathode.
- MEA membrane electrode assembly
- One side of this membrane is coated with PtRu / C catalyst nanoparticles as an anode in a specific gravity of 1, 5 mg.cm -2 Pt, and the other side of this membrane is coated with PtSe catalyst nanoparticles.
- 0 , 2 / C serving as a cathode in a specific mass of 0.9 mg.cm- 2 of Pt.
- the maximum value of the power density of the assembly MEA comprising the catalyst nanoparticles having a molar ratio R (selenium / platinum) is equal to 0.2 (PTSE 0, 2 / C) is equal to 21 mW.cm -2 at a temperature of 80 ° C.
- Example 5 Comparison of catalyst nanoparticles power densities which the molar ratio R (selenium / platinum) is equal to 0.2 (PTSE 0, 2 / C) and a catalyst (Pt / C) in a stack to direct methanol fuel
- a quantity of Pt / C catalyst was deposited on the surface of the cathode in a specific mass of 1 mg ⁇ cm -2 Pt.
- the maximum value of the power density of the MEA assembly comprising the Pt / C nanoparticles in a direct methanol fuel cell is equal to 7 mW.cm -2 at a temperature of 80 ° C.
- the values of the power density of the catalyst nanoparticles having a molar ratio R (selenium / platinum) equal to 0.2 (PTSE 0, 2 / C) respectively correspond to six mW.cm “2 per temperature of 30 ° C, at 12 mW.cm “2 for a temperature of 50 ° C and 21 mW.cm “ 2 for a temperature of 80 ° C. These values are always higher than the values of the power density of the catalysts Pt / C whatever the temperature.
- the value of the power density of the catalyst nanoparticles having a molar ratio R (selenium / platinum) equal to 0.2 (PTSE 0, 2 / C) is three times higher than the value of the power density of the Pt / C catalysts at a temperature of 80 ° C.
- Example 6 Evaluation of the power density (mW.cm “2 ) and of the cathode and anode potential E (V / RHE) as a function of the current density (mA.cm “ 2 ) of the nanoparticles of catalysts having a molar ratio R (selenium / platinum) equal to 0.2 (PTSE 0, 2 / C) in a microfluidic cell type LFFC (laminar flow fuel cell) or type MRFC (mixed-reactant fuel cell), to temperature of 25 ° C.
- the process according to Example 1 was repeated for an amount of catalyst PTSE 0, 2 deposited on the surface of the cathode in a density of 0.9 mg.cm "2 Pt.
- the laminar flow fuel cell (LFFC) microfluidic stack and the mixed-reactant fuel cell (MRFC) microfluidic cell 5 operate in the autotranspirant mode for the cathode; this mode being known to those skilled in the art.
- microfluidic stack of type LFFC is composed of:
- a SU-8 microchannel of geometry 10-750 having a height of 250 ⁇ , a width of 750 ⁇ and a length of 2000 ⁇ .
- the microfluidic cell of the MRFC type is composed of:
- the open-circuit potential values of the cathode are, respectively, for the microfluidic stack of the LFFC type and for the microfluidic type battery of the MRFC type, of 0.8 V and 0.79 V. This small difference in potential between these two types of microfluidic cells shows that the nanoparticles of catalysts according to the invention are very selective with respect to the electrolytic medium.
- the maximum value of the power density of the catalyst nanoparticles having a molar ratio R (selenium / platinum) equal to 0.2 (PTSE 0, 2 / C) in a microfluidic cell type LFFC or of MRFC type is respectively equal to 3 mW.cm “2 and 3.7 mW.cm " 2 , at a temperature of 25 ° C.
- the power density for a LFFC type microfluidic stack comprising the catalyst nanoparticles according to the invention and the power density for a MFRC type microfluidic stack comprising nanoparticles of catalysts according to the invention shows that the nanoparticles of according to the invention do not deteriorate in the presence of methanol and they retain a constant electrocatalytic activity
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16162897.9A EP3062375B1 (fr) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-06-20 | Procédé de préparation de nanoparticules de catalyseur pour la réduction cathodique du dioxygène en présence de méthanol |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1255944A FR2992234B1 (fr) | 2012-06-22 | 2012-06-22 | Procede de preparation de nanoparticules de catalyseur pour la reduction cathodique du dioxygene en presence de methanol |
| PCT/EP2013/062928 WO2013190060A2 (fr) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-06-20 | Procédé de préparation de nanoparticules de catalyseur pour la réduction cathodique du dioxygène en présence de méthanol |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16162897.9A Division EP3062375B1 (fr) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-06-20 | Procédé de préparation de nanoparticules de catalyseur pour la réduction cathodique du dioxygène en présence de méthanol |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2865035A2 true EP2865035A2 (fr) | 2015-04-29 |
Family
ID=47022781
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16162897.9A Active EP3062375B1 (fr) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-06-20 | Procédé de préparation de nanoparticules de catalyseur pour la réduction cathodique du dioxygène en présence de méthanol |
| EP13729778.4A Withdrawn EP2865035A2 (fr) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-06-20 | Procédé de préparation de nanoparticules de catalyseur pour la réduction cathodique du dioxygène en présence de méthanol |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16162897.9A Active EP3062375B1 (fr) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-06-20 | Procédé de préparation de nanoparticules de catalyseur pour la réduction cathodique du dioxygène en présence de méthanol |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10050283B2 (fr) |
| EP (2) | EP3062375B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP6291486B2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2992234B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2013190060A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109473643B (zh) * | 2018-10-17 | 2021-06-25 | 长沙学院 | 一种CoSe2/石墨烯复合材料制备方法和用途 |
| CN113659151B (zh) * | 2021-07-29 | 2024-10-22 | 武汉理工大学 | 一种石墨烯复合硫化铜/硫化镍催化材料及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN117428201B (zh) * | 2023-10-23 | 2026-01-09 | 平顶山学院 | 一种多组元超细Pt基纳米线材料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19644628C2 (de) * | 1996-10-17 | 2001-05-23 | Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer inerten Kathode für die selektive Sauerstoffreduktion und Anwendung der hergestellten Kathode |
| US6855660B2 (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2005-02-15 | De Nora Elettrodi S.P.A. | Rhodium electrocatalyst and method of preparation |
| US7125820B2 (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2006-10-24 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Non-noble metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction |
| TWI301001B (en) * | 2004-05-25 | 2008-09-11 | Lg Chemical Ltd | Ruthenium-rhodium alloy electrode catalyst and fuel cell comprising the same |
| JP2006066306A (ja) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-09 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 直接メタノール型燃料電池用酸素極触媒及びその製造方法 |
| RU2004129396A (ru) * | 2004-10-05 | 2006-03-10 | Е.И.Дюпон де Немур энд Компани (US) | Каталитический материал, стойкий к действию метанола |
| JP2006252798A (ja) | 2005-03-08 | 2006-09-21 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 燃料電池用酸素極触媒、直接メタノール型燃料電池及び触媒の製造方法 |
| US7498286B2 (en) * | 2005-05-23 | 2009-03-03 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cells |
| GB0514581D0 (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2005-08-24 | Univ Newcastle | Methanol fuel cells |
| KR101223630B1 (ko) * | 2005-11-11 | 2013-01-17 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료 전지의 캐소드 전극용 촉매, 이의 제조 방법, 이를포함하는 연료 전지용 막-전극 어셈블리 및 이를 포함하는연료 전지 시스템 |
| US9012107B2 (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2015-04-21 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Cathode catalyst for fuel cell, method of preparing same, and membrane-electrode assembly comprising same |
| KR100717796B1 (ko) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-05-11 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료 전지용 캐소드 촉매, 이를 포함하는 연료 전지용막-전극 어셈블리 및 연료 전지 시스템 |
| US7588857B2 (en) * | 2005-12-05 | 2009-09-15 | Los Alamos National Security, Llc | Chalcogen catalysts for polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
| DE602007007997D1 (de) * | 2006-01-18 | 2010-09-09 | Samsung Sdi Co Ltd | Kathodenkatalysator, Membranelektrodenanordnung und Brennstoffzellensystem |
| JP4796872B2 (ja) | 2006-03-10 | 2011-10-19 | ミハル通信株式会社 | 直接輝度変調型光送信器とそれを使用した光通信システム |
| US7851399B2 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2010-12-14 | Los Alamos National Security, Llc | Method of making chalcogen catalysts for polymer electrolyte fuel cells |
| KR20090127419A (ko) | 2007-03-09 | 2009-12-11 | 내셔날 인스티튜트 오브 어드밴스드 인더스트리얼 사이언스 앤드 테크놀로지 | 연료 전지용 전극 촉매 |
| JP2008258150A (ja) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-10-23 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 燃料電池用電極触媒 |
| KR100879299B1 (ko) | 2007-06-20 | 2009-01-19 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 혼합 주입형 연료 전지용 캐소드 촉매, 이를 포함하는 혼합주입형 연료전지용 막-전극 어셈블리 및 혼합 주입형 연료전지 시스템 |
| JP4530003B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-12 | 2010-08-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用電極触媒、及びそれを用いた固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| JP5056236B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-24 | 2012-10-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用電極触媒、酸素還元型触媒の性能評価方法、及びそれを用いた固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| JP2010003576A (ja) * | 2008-06-20 | 2010-01-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用電極触媒、その製造方法、及びそれを用いた燃料電池 |
| JP5286096B2 (ja) | 2009-02-02 | 2013-09-11 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 車両用充電発電機の制御装置 |
| US20100233070A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2010-09-16 | Nicolas Alonso-Vante | CARBON-SUPPORTED CoSe2 NANOPARTICLES FOR OXYGEN REDUCTION AND HYDROGEN EVOLUTION IN ACIDIC ENVIRONMENTS |
| CN102101056B (zh) | 2009-12-16 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 经氧化物修饰的高稳定性燃料电池催化剂及其制备方法 |
| JP5432732B2 (ja) | 2010-01-12 | 2014-03-05 | 株式会社尼崎工作所 | 基板に貼付されたシート部材のトリミング装置 |
-
2012
- 2012-06-22 FR FR1255944A patent/FR2992234B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-06-20 US US14/409,155 patent/US10050283B2/en active Active
- 2013-06-20 JP JP2015517771A patent/JP6291486B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-06-20 EP EP16162897.9A patent/EP3062375B1/fr active Active
- 2013-06-20 WO PCT/EP2013/062928 patent/WO2013190060A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2013-06-20 EP EP13729778.4A patent/EP2865035A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2013190060A3 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US10050283B2 (en) | 2018-08-14 |
| JP6291486B2 (ja) | 2018-03-14 |
| US20150340708A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
| FR2992234B1 (fr) | 2016-12-09 |
| FR2992234A1 (fr) | 2013-12-27 |
| EP3062375A1 (fr) | 2016-08-31 |
| JP2015526843A (ja) | 2015-09-10 |
| WO2013190060A3 (fr) | 2014-02-20 |
| EP3062375B1 (fr) | 2022-07-06 |
| WO2013190060A2 (fr) | 2013-12-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Thotiyl et al. | Pd supported on titanium nitride for efficient ethanol oxidation | |
| Thotiyl et al. | Platinum particles supported on titanium nitride: an efficient electrode material for the oxidation of methanol in alkaline media | |
| Timperman et al. | Substrate effect on oxygen reduction electrocatalysis | |
| Alia et al. | The roles of oxide growth and sub-surface facets in oxygen evolution activity of iridium and its impact on electrolysis | |
| WO2020109065A1 (fr) | Procede de preparation d'une couche active d'electrode pour des reactions de reduction electrochimique | |
| Mukherjee et al. | Improved carbonate formation from ethanol oxidation on nickel supported Pt–Rh electrode in alkaline medium at room temperature | |
| Figueiredo et al. | Trimetallic catalyst based on PtRu modified by irreversible adsorption of Sb for direct ethanol fuel cells | |
| Jukk et al. | Oxygen reduction on Pd nanoparticle/multi-walled carbon nanotube composites | |
| US20130323624A1 (en) | Electrocatalyst for a fuel cell and the method of preparing thereof | |
| EP2680353B1 (fr) | Nanoparticules creuses de platine pour piles à combustible | |
| Tay et al. | Engineering Sn‐based catalytic materials for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction to formate | |
| Takahashi et al. | Electrochemically reduced Pt oxide thin film as a highly active electrocatalyst for direct ethanol alkaline fuel cell | |
| Sharma et al. | Graphene-manganite-Pd hybrids as highly active and stable electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation and oxygen reduction | |
| Yavari et al. | The improvement of methanol oxidation using nano-electrocatalysts | |
| Abdel-Wahab et al. | Sputtered Cu-doped NiO thin films as an efficient electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation | |
| Jafri et al. | Au–MnO2/MWNT and Au–ZnO/MWNT as oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell | |
| Rajeshwar et al. | Photocatalytically prepared metal nanocluster–oxide semiconductor–carbon nanocomposite electrodes for driving multielectron transfer | |
| EP3062375B1 (fr) | Procédé de préparation de nanoparticules de catalyseur pour la réduction cathodique du dioxygène en présence de méthanol | |
| Yang et al. | Fabrication and characterization of Pt/C− TiO2 nanotube arrays as anode materials for methanol electrocatalytic oxidation | |
| Timperman et al. | Oxygen reduction reaction increased tolerance and fuel cell performance of Pt and RuxSey onto oxide–carbon composites | |
| WO2020109063A1 (fr) | Procede de preparation d'un materiau catalytique pour des reactions de reduction electrochimique comportant un metal du groupe vi et du groupe viii obtenu par reduction chimique | |
| Habibi et al. | Comparative electrooxidation of C1–C4 alcohols on Pd| CC nanoparticle anode catalyst in alkaline medium | |
| EP2253743B1 (fr) | Cellule pour électrolyse de l'eau avec électrolyte solide contenant peu ou pas de métaux nobles | |
| Ekrami-Kakhki et al. | Enhanced electrocatalytic activity of Pt-M (M= Co, Fe) chitosan supported catalysts for ethanol electrooxidation in fuel cells | |
| Mauer et al. | Composite Pt/(SnO2/C) and PtSnNi/C catalysts for oxygen reduction and alcohol electrooxidation reactions |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20141224 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: ALONSO-VANTE, NICOLAS Inventor name: GAGO, ALDO Inventor name: MA, JIWEI |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20210318 |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
| INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20230109 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20230520 |