EP2843148B1 - System for window installation in a roof - Google Patents
System for window installation in a roof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2843148B1 EP2843148B1 EP14182387.2A EP14182387A EP2843148B1 EP 2843148 B1 EP2843148 B1 EP 2843148B1 EP 14182387 A EP14182387 A EP 14182387A EP 2843148 B1 EP2843148 B1 EP 2843148B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- window
- roof
- sash
- situated
- window frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/03—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights
- E04D13/0305—Supports or connecting means for sky-lights of flat or domed shape
- E04D13/031—Supports or connecting means for sky-lights of flat or domed shape characterised by a frame for connection to an inclined roof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/14—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof
- E04D13/147—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof specially adapted for inclined roofs
- E04D13/1473—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof specially adapted for inclined roofs specially adapted to the cross-section of the parts extending above the roof
- E04D13/1475—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof specially adapted for inclined roofs specially adapted to the cross-section of the parts extending above the roof wherein the parts extending above the roof have a generally rectangular cross-section
Definitions
- the invention relates to an installation system for a roof window in a layered structure of a roof, the structure consisting of structural components and layers of thermal and damp insulations.
- An installation system pertains to a window opened at least as a pivot window, it may also pertain to a dual-action window opened as a pivot window or as a tilt window.
- Patent description No. PL 214536 discloses a roof window, having a window frame fixed by runners penetrating the roof structure basically perpendicularly to its surface, the runners being covered on the side with a thin layer of thermal insulation. Significant part of the window frame protrudes above the roof's surface, causing escape of heat from the attic outwards through the window frame; moreover, the fixing runners form thermal bridges, facilitating escape of heat from the attic.
- roof windows being opened as pivoting, called also pivot windows, hinges, in which the sash is mounted, usually made of metal, are immersed into the window between the side members of the window frame and of the sash, forming thermal bridges.
- Application DE20316919 U presents roof window, which glazing unit is placed under sub-cover structure. Aim of this window mounting is to seat screening arrangement in roof structure to protect it from atmospheric condition, like wind.
- a system for window installation in a roof with a layered structure comprising a roof window having a window frame, a window sash with a glazing unit seated in the sash, being opened particularly through its rotation in the window frame around a horizontal axis, characterised in that when the window is closed, the glazing unit in the window sash is immersed in the roof structure, so as to at least a half of thickness of the glazing unit is situated in the structure of the roof deeper than the surface called a "sub-cover surface".
- sub-cover surface when used in this description of the invention, is to be understood as either the surface of structural elements of the roof, on which the external roofing is seated, such as: roof tiles, profiled sheet or flat sheet; or the bottom surface of the roofing layer, separating in prefabricated roofing panels, the layer of thermal insulation from the environment, at least in direct neighbourhood of the window, the bottom surface of the roofing layer in a collar filled with an insulating material, protruding above the main surface of the roof.
- the structural elements of the roof, on which the roofing and thermal insulations are seated in the roof structure reach the window frame for a distance not longer than the required installation play.
- installation play means play necessary for introduction of the roof window to the opening cut in the supporting structure and thermal insulations of the roof, together with any additional thermal insulation around the window, being introduced together with the window during its installation in the roof.
- the additional thermal insulation in the gap around the window may be seated by push-in.
- installation play does not pertain to hollows in the roof structure formed around the window and intended for, for instance drainage of precipitation flowing on the roof plane, as there are no such hollows in the window installation system according to the invention.
- the window installed in the roof and being opened by rotation of its sash in the window frame around a horizontal axis is particularly a window opened at least as a pivot window, or by rotation in hinges situated at both side edges of the sash, slightly above the middle of the height of the sash and the window frame.
- the window sash, both in a closed window and in a window opened as a pivot window is situated in the clear opening of the window frame; in an open window, a part of the sash, usually the lower situated below the pivoting hinges, protrudes above the roof's surface, while the other part of the sash, is located in the attic.
- the window may be also a dual-action window, that is, apart from pivoting hinges, it has a second pair of hinges, called “tilting hinges" and situated at the top of the window.
- the tilting hinges enable to open the window in the tilting mode, by rotation of the whole sash towards the outside, around a horizontal axis located at the top edge of the window.
- centres of mass of elements of these hinges connected with the sash are situated above the external surface of the glazing unit, when the window is closed.
- the other elements of the pivoting hinges including those which in a single-action window - a pivot window - are connected with the window frame, have preferably centres of mass situated above the external surface of the glazing unit, when the window is closed.
- the centre of mass of elements of a pivoting hinge connected with the sash, or with the window frame should be understood as a common centre of mass of all these elements of the pivoting hinge, which are fixed, respectively, to the sash, or to the window frame, and their fastening elements, as well as other elements belonging to one or the other subset of the hinge,
- both the elements of the pivoting hinge connected with the sash, and the elements of the second subset of this hinge, which is connected with a tilting hinge through an intermediate arm have centres of mass situated above the external surface of the glazing unit.
- centres of mass of these elements are situated preferably above the external surface of the glazing unit when the window is closed.
- the structure of the roof comprises rafters, constituting structural components of the roof framework.
- a layer of thermal insulation is placed between the rafters, and the layered structure of the roof comprises also a breathing membrane, laid on the rafters, above thermal insulation, while a vapour barrier is placed under thermal insulation.
- the roof structure contains cover panels from the side of the attic, fixed to the rafters from below.
- the window frame rests on the sub-cover surface with at least one of its structural elements connecting it with the roof, and the pivoting hinges are situated above this surface, on the external side of the window.
- the element of the window frame connecting it with the roof rests on the external surface of the window frame members, on the external side of the window, and it protrudes beyond the outline of the window frame members and the clearance of the roof opening for a window, at least in two opposite directions.
- the window frame rests on the sub-cover surface of the roof with its support flashing protruding at least sideways beyond the outline of the window frame members and the clearance of the roof opening for the window.
- the sub-cover surface being the support for the structural element of the window frame, connecting the frame with the roof, is the external surface of battens, laid horizontally above the rafters, and having the roofing tiles mounted. At least 90 % of thickness of the glazing unit is situated in the roof structure deeper than the external surface of the battens.
- the sub-cover surface being the support for the structural element of the window frame, connecting the frame with the roof, is the external surface of battens, laid horizontally above the rafters, and having the roofing profiled sheets mounted. At least 90 % of thickness of the glazing unit is situated in the roof structure deeper than the external surface of the battens.
- the sub-cover surface being the support for the structural element of the window frame, connecting the frame with the roof, is the external surface of boarding, on which the flat roofing is seated. At least 90 % of thickness of the glazing unit is situated in the roof structure deeper than the external surface of the boarding.
- the window is seated in the layer of thermal insulation of the roof, which at least in direct neighbourhood of the window is situated close to the external surface of the roof and is separated from the environment with a layer of covering, protecting from the influence of precipitations, and the sub-cover surface is the lower surface, or from the side of thermal insulation, the covering layer surface.
- These layered structure of the roof is formed particularly by prefabricated layered roofing panels, consisting of a metal mantle and filling made of an insulating material, and the window is seated in a prefabricated layered panel.
- the sub-cover surface is the bottom surface of the hollows in the covering layer.
- the roof window may be also seated in a collar protruding above the main surface of the roof, the collar being filled with insulating material and shielded by the detailing of the roof, which reaches the window frame.
- the collar is filled with insulating material and it may be used in roofs with various supporting structures and various systems of thermal insulation of the main surface of the roof.
- the window installed in the roof is a window being opened as a pivot window, or is a dual-action window, being opened as a tilt window or a pivot window.
- Placement of the pivoting hinges, and also the tilting hinges, if present, in relation to the glazing unit in the sash, is identical as in the first aspect of the invention.
- centres of mass of elements of these hinges connected with the sash are situated above the external surface of the glazing unit, when the window is closed.
- the other elements of the pivoting hinges, including those which in a single-action, pivot window, are connected with the window frame have preferably centres of mass situated above the external surface of the glazing unit.
- both elements of the pivoting hinges connected with the sash, and the other parts of these hinges, as well as the tilting hinges and the intermediate arms have centres of mass situated above the external surface of the glazing unit.
- the window frame connected with the roof by at least one structural element, protruding beyond the outline of the window frame members and the clearance of the roof opening for the window, rests on the surface of the roof, that is either on the external surface of prefabricated layered roofing panel, or on the detailing of the window, placed on the collar protruding from the main roof plane.
- the window frame rests on the roof with its support flashing, resting on the external surface of the window frame members, and protruding beyond these members at least sideways.
- the pivoting hinges are situated above the surface of the roof and the support flashing, as a whole on the external side of the window.
- a roof window has a window sash 1 with a glazing unit 11, seated in a window frame 2 using pivoting hinges 3 situated at side members 21 of the window frame and at side edges of the sash, slightly above the middle of length of the members and height of the sash.
- the window frame 2 has a support flashing 22 being a structural element connecting it with the roof.
- the support flashing 22 is placed on the side members 21 and on the top member of the window frame, on the external side of the window, and it protrudes beyond the outline of the indicated members, and beyond the clearance of the roof opening for the window.
- the protruding part of the support flashing 22 rests on the roof structure 4 at least on the sides of the window frame 2, specifically on the surface defined in this description as a "sub-cover surface” PP, being the external surface of battens 41, laid horizontally in the roof structure, the battens having roofing tiles 42 mounted.
- the window is being opened as a pivot window, that is by rotation of the sash 1 in the pivoting hinges 3, around an axis located approximately in the middle of the window height.
- the window sash 1 is situated within the clearance of the window frame 2, while in an open window, the lower part of the sash, situated between the pivoting hinges and the bottom window frame members when the window is closed, is located outside the roof, and the upper part of the sash situated between the pivoting hinges and the bottom window frame members when the window is closed, is located in the attic.
- the window sash 1 with its glazing unit 11 is situated in parallel to the window frame 2, and the glazing unit 11 is immersed in the roof structure, so as to at least 90 % of thickness G of the glazing unit 11 of the sash 1 is situated deeper than the sub-cover surface PP on the battens 41, and thus at least a half of thickness G of the glazing unit is situated in the roof deeper than the sub-cover surface.
- the side members 21 and top and bottom members of the window frame 2 are situated in the layered structure of the roof deeper than the sub-cover surface PP.
- the pivoting hinges 3 are placed so as to centres of mass of movable elements 31 of these hinges, connected with the sash 1, are situated above the glazing unit 11 when the window is closed.
- Stationary elements 32 of the pivoting hinges 3, connected with the support flashing 22 of the window frame 2 are placed above the support flashing.
- the battens 41 rest on counter battens 43, laid longitudinally on the rafters 44, being the basic supporting elements of the roof structure. Spaces between the rafters 44, as well as below the rafters, are filled with thermal insulation 45 made of mineral wool, a above the insulation, directly on the rafters 44, a breathing membrane 46 is placed. Layout of the battens 41 on the counter battens 43 provides a clearance between the battens 41 and the breathing membrane 46, facilitating drying of the top surface of the membrane. Below thermal insulation 45, there are a vapour barrier and cover panels 47, fixed to the roof structure from the side of the attic. The side walls of the window opening in the roof structure, are shielded with a lining 48.
- the battens 41 reach the window frame 2 for a distance not longer than the installation play necessary for introduction of the window into the structure of the roof.
- the gap between the structure of the roof, including ends of the battens 41, and the window frame 2 is filled with additional thermal insulation 23 around the window frame 2, the insulation being seated in the roof at the same time when the window frame is being installed.
- the window installed in the roof has also a set of shields 5, covering the gaps between the window frame 2 and the sash 1 placed in it.
- the shields 5 situated above the side members 21 of the window frame and fragments of the sash 1 corresponding to them, are divided into two sections: top sections situated between the pivoting hinges 3 and the top member of the window frame 2, and bottom sections situated between the pivoting hinges 3 and the bottom member of the window frame.
- the top sections of these shields are fixed immovably onto the window frame, and the bottom sections of the shields are fixed onto the sash, thus, during opening of the window, these sections move together with the lower part of the sash towards the exterior of the roof.
- the pivoting hinges 3 are placed as a whole under these shields.
- Equipment of the window includes also its detailing 51, with a shape adapted to tiled roofing, the purpose of the detailing being to seal the connection of the window with the roof.
- the shields 5 of the window overlap the window-neighbouring part 52 of the detailing 51, situated perpendicularly to the roof.
- a roof window (drawing, Fig. 3 ) has a window sash 1 with a glazing unit 11, seated in a window frame 2 using pivoting hinges 3 situated at side members 21 of the window frame and at side edges of the sash, slightly above the middle of length of the members and height of the sash.
- the window frame 2 has a support flashing 22, being its structural element connecting the window frame with the roof, which is placed on the side members 21 and on the top member of the window frame, on the external side of the window, and protrudes beyond the outline of the members and beyond the clearance of the roof opening for a window.
- the indicated features are identical as in the first embodiment of the invention.
- the protruding part of the support flashing 22 rests on the roof structure 6, specifically on the surface defined in this description as a "sub-cover surface” PP, or on external surface of a boarding 61 having a uniform surface, on which a roofing made of roofing paper 62 is laid.
- the window is being opened as a pivot window, identically as in the first embodiment of the invention.
- Position of the sash 1 and its glazing unit 11, in relation to the window frame 2 and to the roof, when the window is open and when it is closed, as well as position of the window frame 2 in relation to the roof, are also identical as in the first embodiment.
- the glazing unit 11 of the sash 1 is immersed in the roof structure, so as to at least 90 % of thickness G of the glazing unit is situated deeper than the external surface of the boarding 61 i.e. the sub-cover surface PP, thus, at least a half of thickness G of the glazing unit is situated in the roof deeper than the sub-cover surface.
- the side members 21 and the top and bottom members of the window frame 2 are situated in the layered structure of the roof deeper than the sub-cover surface PP, in the boarding 61 under the roofing paper 62.
- the pivoting hinges 3 of the window are placed so as to centres of mass of both movable elements 31 of these hinges, connected with the sash 1, and of stationary elements 32 connected with the support flashing 22 of the window frame 2, are situated above the glazing unit 11 when the window is closed, and above the support flashing of the window frame, as in the first embodiment.
- the construction and the layered structure of the roof include: rafters 44, thermal insulation 45 made of mineral wool, a breathing membrane 46, a vapour barrier, and cover panels 47 (from the side of the attic), and a lining 48 in the window opening in the roof - identical and serving the same purposes as in the first embodiment of the invention.
- rafters 44 Between the boarding 61 and the rafters 44, counter battens 43 are placed, facilitating drying of the top surface of the breathing membrane.
- the boarding 61 reaches the window frame 2 for a distance not longer than the installation play necessary for introduction of the window into the structure of the roof.
- the gap between the structure of the roof and the window frame 2, at least at its side members and top member, is filled with additional thermal insulation 23 around the window frame 2, the insulation being mounted in the roof at the same time when the window frame is being installed.
- the window installed in the roof has also a set of shields 5, covering the gap between the window frame 2 and the sash 1 placed in it. Under these shields, the pivoting hinges 3 are placed.
- the shields situated above the side members are divided into two sections: top and bottom, as in the first or second embodiment.
- Equipment of the window includes also its detailing 53, with a shape adapted to flat roofing, the detailing sealing the connections of the window with the roof.
- the shields 5 of the window overlap the window-neighbouring section 52 of the detailing 53, situated perpendicularly to the roof
- Example 3 A window according to the third embodiment of the invention is installed in a roof with an identical supporting structure, as in the first embodiment, that is in a roof having rafters and horizontal battens.
- the difference in relation to the first embodiment consists in the fact that instead of roofing tiles, a profiled sheet roofing, for instance of box profile sheet, or a roofing made of sheets with embossings imitating roofing tiles, is seated on the battens.
- Example 4 A window according to the fourth embodiment of the invention is installed in a roof with an identical supporting structure, as in the second embodiment, that is in a roof having rafters and a boarding, forming a uniform surface. On this boarding, a roofing made of flat sheets is seated.
- a roof window being opened as a pivot window, has a window sash 1 with a glazing unit 11, the sash being seated in a window frame 2 using pivoting hinges 3 situated at side members 21 of the window frame and at side edges of the sash, slightly above the middle of length of the members and height of the sash.
- the window frame 2 has a support flashing 22, being its structural element connecting the window frame with the roof, which is placed on the side members 21 and on the top member of the window frame, on the external side of the window, and protrudes beyond the outline of the members and beyond the clearance of the roof opening for a window.
- the indicated features are identical as in the embodiments of the invention described earlier.
- the roof in which the window is seated is built of prefabricated layered roofing panels 7, consisting of a metal mantle 71 and filling 72 made of insulating material.
- the prefabricated roofing panels 7 are supported with the rafters 73.
- the top layer of the metal mantle 71 situated outside the roof, has protrusions 74 and hollows 75.
- the sub-cover surface PP as understood in this description of the invention is the bottom surface of the top layer of the metal mantle 71, that is the surface, to which the filling 72 made of insulating material is adjacent, in the section of hollows 75 in the top layer of the metal mantle 71.
- the window is immersed in the opening in the roof so as to at least 90 % of thickness G of the glazing unit 11 of the sash 1 is situated deeper than the sub-cover surface PP in the layered roofing panel 7, and thus at least a half of thickness G of the glazing unit is situated in the roof deeper than the sub-cover surface.
- the side members 21 and the top and bottom members of the window frame 2 are situated in the layered roofing panel 7 deeper than the sub-cover surface PP.
- the gap between the edges of the hole in the layered roofing panel 7 and the window frame 2, at least at its side members and the top and bottom members, is filled with additional thermal insulation 23 around the window frame 2, the insulation being mounted in the roof at the same time when the window frame is being installed.
- the pivoting hinges 3 of the window are placed so as to centres of mass of both movable elements 31 of these hinges, connected with the sash 1, and of stationary elements 32 connected with the support flashing 22 of the window frame 2, are situated above the glazing unit 11 when the window is closed, and above the support flashing of the window frame, as in the first and second embodiments of the invention.
- the window installed in the roof has also a set of shields 5, covering the gaps between the window frame 2 and the sash 1 placed in it. Under these shields, the pivoting hinges 3 are placed.
- the shields situated above the side members are divided into two sections: top and bottom, as in the first or second embodiment.
- Equipment of the window includes also its detailing 51, sealing the connections of the window with the roof.
- the shields 5 of the window overlap the window-neighbouring section 52 of the detailing 51, situated perpendicularly to the roof
- a roof window being opened as a pivot window, has a window sash 1 with a glazing unit 11, the sash being seated in a window frame 2 using pivoting hinges 3 situated at side members 21 of the window frame and at side edges of the sash, slightly above the middle of length of the members and height of the sash.
- the window frame 2 has a support flashing 22, being its structural element connecting the window frame with the roof, which is placed on the side members 21 and on the top member of the window frame, on the external side of the window, and protrudes beyond the outline of the members and beyond the clearance of the roof opening for a window.
- the indicated features are identical as in the embodiments of the invention described earlier.
- the window is seated in a collar 8 protruding above the main surface of the roof, and the collar has a box structure 81 and a filling 82 made of insulating material.
- the pivoting hinges 3 of the window are placed so as to centres of mass of both movable elements 31 of these hinges, connected with the sash 1, and of stationary elements 3 connected with the support flashing 22 of the window frame 2, are situated above the glazing unit 11 when the window is closed, and above the support flashing of the window frame, as in the first and second embodiments of the invention.
- the collar 8 and the window installed in it are also equipped with an integrated detailing 83, covering the fragment of the roof in direct neighbourhood of the collar, and side and top surfaces of the collar.
- the sub-cover surface PP as understood in this description of the invention, is the bottom surface of the integrated detailing 83 in its section resting on the top surface of the collar 8.
- the window is immersed in the collar so as to at least 90 % of thickness G of the glazing unit 11 of the sash 1 is situated deeper than the sub-cover surface PP in the collar 8, and thus at least a half of thickness G of the glazing unit is situated in the roof deeper than the sub-cover surface.
- the side members 21, the top member and the bottom member of the window frame 2 are situated in the collar 8 deeper than the sub-cover surface PP.
- the gap between the edges of the hole in the collar 8 and the window frame 2, at least at its side members and top member is filled with additional thermal insulation 23 around the window frame 2, the insulation being mounted in the collar 8 at the same time when the window frame is being installed.
- the window installed in the collar has also a set of shields 5, covering the gaps between the window frame 2 and the sash 1 placed in it. Under these shields, the pivoting hinges 3 are placed.
- the shields situated above the side members are divided into two sections: top and bottom, as in the first or second embodiment.
- the shields 5 of the window overlap the window-neighbouring sections 84 of the integrated detailing 83, situated perpendicularly to the top surface of the collar.
- a system for window installation in the roof may also relate to windows being opened in the pivoting mode or in the tilting mode, that is by rotation of the sash around an axis located near the top edge of the window.
- Dual-action windows have an additional pair of hinges, fixed to the window frame in its upper part and connected with the pivoting hinges through intermediate arms.
- the window frame of a dual-action window and its sash are immersed in the layered structure of the roof when the window is closed, identically as in the described embodiments from 1 to 6.
- the intermediate arms rest immovably on the window frame members, and the window sash rotates in the pivoting hinges.
- the intermediate arms move towards the exterior of the roof together with the sash, rotating in the tilting hinges.
- a system for window installation in the roof according to the invention ensures an improved thermal performance of the window, resulting from the immersion of its window frame and its sash in the layered structure of the roof and thermal insulation of the roof. Moreover, placement of the hinges on the external side of the window, above the glazing unit and the window frame, eliminates thermal bridges present in the hitherto used solutions of the hinges.
- Value of the linear heat transfer coefficient depends on value of heat flow between points A and B for window crossection on Fig., 6 and between points C and D for window crossection from Fig. 7 .
- FIG. 6 shows distribution of isotherms on a cross-section of the window from state of art
- Fig. 7 - distribution of isotherms on a cross-section of the window according to the invention.
- the thermal comparison of the windows was done for the same roof structure and identical glazing unit in the window sash, so the diagrams illustrate the flow of heat through the crossection of window frame:
- a higher temperature difference for section between points located on both sides of the window frame proves the fact that the flow of heat from the attic towards the outside is slower.
- the lower density of isotherms in the window according to the invention indicates a lower temperature gradient, and thus a lower heat flow intensity and lower thermal losses. Distribution of isotherms indicates also an elimination of heat flow concentration areas, occurring in the window known from state of art.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
- The invention relates to an installation system for a roof window in a layered structure of a roof, the structure consisting of structural components and layers of thermal and damp insulations. An installation system pertains to a window opened at least as a pivot window, it may also pertain to a dual-action window opened as a pivot window or as a tilt window.
- State of the art. Patent description No.
PL 214536 - Application
DE20316919 U presents roof window, which glazing unit is placed under sub-cover structure. Aim of this window mounting is to seat screening arrangement in roof structure to protect it from atmospheric condition, like wind. - There is also know invention from application
EP 0326503A1 which relates to roof window immersed in roof window structure. There is also know invention from applicationNL6604236 - Essence of the solution. A system for window installation in a roof with a layered structure, the system comprising a roof window having a window frame, a window sash with a glazing unit seated in the sash, being opened particularly through its rotation in the window frame around a horizontal axis, characterised in that when the window is closed, the glazing unit in the window sash is immersed in the roof structure, so as to at least a half of thickness of the glazing unit is situated in the structure of the roof deeper than the surface called a "sub-cover surface". The term "sub-cover surface", when used in this description of the invention, is to be understood as either the surface of structural elements of the roof, on which the external roofing is seated, such as: roof tiles, profiled sheet or flat sheet; or the bottom surface of the roofing layer, separating in prefabricated roofing panels, the layer of thermal insulation from the environment, at least in direct neighbourhood of the window, the bottom surface of the roofing layer in a collar filled with an insulating material, protruding above the main surface of the roof. The structural elements of the roof, on which the roofing and thermal insulations are seated in the roof structure, reach the window frame for a distance not longer than the required installation play. The term "installation play" used in this description means play necessary for introduction of the roof window to the opening cut in the supporting structure and thermal insulations of the roof, together with any additional thermal insulation around the window, being introduced together with the window during its installation in the roof. The additional thermal insulation in the gap around the window may be seated by push-in. The term "installation play" does not pertain to hollows in the roof structure formed around the window and intended for, for instance drainage of precipitation flowing on the roof plane, as there are no such hollows in the window installation system according to the invention.
- The window installed in the roof and being opened by rotation of its sash in the window frame around a horizontal axis, is particularly a window opened at least as a pivot window, or by rotation in hinges situated at both side edges of the sash, slightly above the middle of the height of the sash and the window frame. The window sash, both in a closed window and in a window opened as a pivot window, is situated in the clear opening of the window frame; in an open window, a part of the sash, usually the lower situated below the pivoting hinges, protrudes above the roof's surface, while the other part of the sash, is located in the attic. The window may be also a dual-action window, that is, apart from pivoting hinges, it has a second pair of hinges, called "tilting hinges" and situated at the top of the window. The tilting hinges enable to open the window in the tilting mode, by rotation of the whole sash towards the outside, around a horizontal axis located at the top edge of the window.
- In the pivoting hinges, centres of mass of elements of these hinges connected with the sash, are situated above the external surface of the glazing unit, when the window is closed. Also the other elements of the pivoting hinges, including those which in a single-action window - a pivot window - are connected with the window frame, have preferably centres of mass situated above the external surface of the glazing unit, when the window is closed. The centre of mass of elements of a pivoting hinge connected with the sash, or with the window frame, should be understood as a common centre of mass of all these elements of the pivoting hinge, which are fixed, respectively, to the sash, or to the window frame, and their fastening elements, as well as other elements belonging to one or the other subset of the hinge, In a dual-action window, being opened as a pivot window or as a tilt window, both the elements of the pivoting hinge connected with the sash, and the elements of the second subset of this hinge, which is connected with a tilting hinge through an intermediate arm, have centres of mass situated above the external surface of the glazing unit. Also in the tilting hinges, as well as in the intermediate arms connecting the pivoting hinges with the tilting hinges, centres of mass of these elements are situated preferably above the external surface of the glazing unit when the window is closed.
- In the first aspect of the system for installation of the window, characterised in that the sub-cover surface is the surface of elements, on which the external roofing is seated, the structure of the roof comprises rafters, constituting structural components of the roof framework. A layer of thermal insulation is placed between the rafters, and the layered structure of the roof comprises also a breathing membrane, laid on the rafters, above thermal insulation, while a vapour barrier is placed under thermal insulation. Also, the roof structure contains cover panels from the side of the attic, fixed to the rafters from below.
- The window frame rests on the sub-cover surface with at least one of its structural elements connecting it with the roof, and the pivoting hinges are situated above this surface, on the external side of the window. The element of the window frame connecting it with the roof, rests on the external surface of the window frame members, on the external side of the window, and it protrudes beyond the outline of the window frame members and the clearance of the roof opening for a window, at least in two opposite directions. Preferably, the window frame rests on the sub-cover surface of the roof with its support flashing protruding at least sideways beyond the outline of the window frame members and the clearance of the roof opening for the window.
- In the roof covered with roofing tiles, the sub-cover surface, being the support for the structural element of the window frame, connecting the frame with the roof, is the external surface of battens, laid horizontally above the rafters, and having the roofing tiles mounted. At least 90 % of thickness of the glazing unit is situated in the roof structure deeper than the external surface of the battens.
- In the roof covered with roofing profiled sheets, including sheets with embossings imitating roofing tiles, the sub-cover surface, being the support for the structural element of the window frame, connecting the frame with the roof, is the external surface of battens, laid horizontally above the rafters, and having the roofing profiled sheets mounted. At least 90 % of thickness of the glazing unit is situated in the roof structure deeper than the external surface of the battens.
- In the roof with a flat roofing, for instance with roof paper or flat sheets, the sub-cover surface, being the support for the structural element of the window frame, connecting the frame with the roof, is the external surface of boarding, on which the flat roofing is seated. At least 90 % of thickness of the glazing unit is situated in the roof structure deeper than the external surface of the boarding.
- In a second aspect of the system for installation of the window in a layered structure of the roof, the window is seated in the layer of thermal insulation of the roof, which at least in direct neighbourhood of the window is situated close to the external surface of the roof and is separated from the environment with a layer of covering, protecting from the influence of precipitations, and the sub-cover surface is the lower surface, or from the side of thermal insulation, the covering layer surface. These layered structure of the roof is formed particularly by prefabricated layered roofing panels, consisting of a metal mantle and filling made of an insulating material, and the window is seated in a prefabricated layered panel. In the layered panels having external surface with hollows and protrusions, the sub-cover surface is the bottom surface of the hollows in the covering layer.
- The roof window may be also seated in a collar protruding above the main surface of the roof, the collar being filled with insulating material and shielded by the detailing of the roof, which reaches the window frame. The collar is filled with insulating material and it may be used in roofs with various supporting structures and various systems of thermal insulation of the main surface of the roof.
- The window installed in the roof, identically as in the first aspect of the invention, is a window being opened as a pivot window, or is a dual-action window, being opened as a tilt window or a pivot window. Placement of the pivoting hinges, and also the tilting hinges, if present, in relation to the glazing unit in the sash, is identical as in the first aspect of the invention. In the pivoting hinges, centres of mass of elements of these hinges connected with the sash, are situated above the external surface of the glazing unit, when the window is closed. Also the other elements of the pivoting hinges, including those which in a single-action, pivot window, are connected with the window frame, have preferably centres of mass situated above the external surface of the glazing unit. In a dual-action window, both elements of the pivoting hinges connected with the sash, and the other parts of these hinges, as well as the tilting hinges and the intermediate arms have centres of mass situated above the external surface of the glazing unit.
- The window frame, connected with the roof by at least one structural element, protruding beyond the outline of the window frame members and the clearance of the roof opening for the window, rests on the surface of the roof, that is either on the external surface of prefabricated layered roofing panel, or on the detailing of the window, placed on the collar protruding from the main roof plane. Preferably, the window frame rests on the roof with its support flashing, resting on the external surface of the window frame members, and protruding beyond these members at least sideways. The pivoting hinges are situated above the surface of the roof and the support flashing, as a whole on the external side of the window.
- Embodiments. A system for window installation in the roof, being the subject of the invention, is presented by its embodiments in the drawing, with the individual Figures showing:
-
Fig. 1 - A cross-sectional view through a side window member with fragments of its sash and the structure of the roof covered with roofing tiles. -
Fig. 2 - The window frame fromFig. 1 , equipped with pivoting hinges, installed in the roof structure - in an axonometric view. -
Fig. 3 - A cross-sectional view through a side window member with fragments of its sash and the structure of the roof with flat roofing, that is covered with roofing paper. -
Fig. 4 - A cross-sectional view through a side window member with fragments of its sash and the structure of the roof, in a window installed in a layered panel. -
Fig. 5 - A cross-sectional view through a side window member with fragments of its sash and the structure of the roof, in a window installed in a collar. -
Fig. 6 - Distribution of isotherms on a cross-section of the window from state of art. -
Fig. 7 - Distribution of isotherms on a cross-section of the window according to the invention, installed within the roof structure. - Example 1. A roof window has a
window sash 1 with aglazing unit 11, seated in awindow frame 2 usingpivoting hinges 3 situated atside members 21 of the window frame and at side edges of the sash, slightly above the middle of length of the members and height of the sash. Thewindow frame 2 has a support flashing 22 being a structural element connecting it with the roof. The support flashing 22 is placed on theside members 21 and on the top member of the window frame, on the external side of the window, and it protrudes beyond the outline of the indicated members, and beyond the clearance of the roof opening for the window. The protruding part of the support flashing 22 rests on theroof structure 4 at least on the sides of thewindow frame 2, specifically on the surface defined in this description as a "sub-cover surface" PP, being the external surface ofbattens 41, laid horizontally in the roof structure, the battens havingroofing tiles 42 mounted. - The window is being opened as a pivot window, that is by rotation of the
sash 1 in the pivoting hinges 3, around an axis located approximately in the middle of the window height. Both in a closed window, and in a window opened in the pivoting mode, thewindow sash 1 is situated within the clearance of thewindow frame 2, while in an open window, the lower part of the sash, situated between the pivoting hinges and the bottom window frame members when the window is closed, is located outside the roof, and the upper part of the sash situated between the pivoting hinges and the bottom window frame members when the window is closed, is located in the attic. In a closed window, thewindow sash 1 with itsglazing unit 11 is situated in parallel to thewindow frame 2, and theglazing unit 11 is immersed in the roof structure, so as to at least 90 % of thickness G of theglazing unit 11 of thesash 1 is situated deeper than the sub-cover surface PP on thebattens 41, and thus at least a half of thickness G of the glazing unit is situated in the roof deeper than the sub-cover surface. Also theside members 21 and top and bottom members of thewindow frame 2 are situated in the layered structure of the roof deeper than the sub-cover surface PP. The pivoting hinges 3 are placed so as to centres of mass ofmovable elements 31 of these hinges, connected with thesash 1, are situated above theglazing unit 11 when the window is closed.Stationary elements 32 of the pivoting hinges 3, connected with the support flashing 22 of thewindow frame 2, are placed above the support flashing. - The
battens 41 rest on counter battens 43, laid longitudinally on therafters 44, being the basic supporting elements of the roof structure. Spaces between therafters 44, as well as below the rafters, are filled withthermal insulation 45 made of mineral wool, a above the insulation, directly on therafters 44, abreathing membrane 46 is placed. Layout of thebattens 41 on the counter battens 43 provides a clearance between thebattens 41 and thebreathing membrane 46, facilitating drying of the top surface of the membrane. Belowthermal insulation 45, there are a vapour barrier and coverpanels 47, fixed to the roof structure from the side of the attic. The side walls of the window opening in the roof structure, are shielded with alining 48. Thebattens 41 reach thewindow frame 2 for a distance not longer than the installation play necessary for introduction of the window into the structure of the roof. The gap between the structure of the roof, including ends of thebattens 41, and thewindow frame 2 is filled with additionalthermal insulation 23 around thewindow frame 2, the insulation being seated in the roof at the same time when the window frame is being installed. - The window installed in the roof has also a set of
shields 5, covering the gaps between thewindow frame 2 and thesash 1 placed in it. Theshields 5 situated above theside members 21 of the window frame and fragments of thesash 1 corresponding to them, are divided into two sections: top sections situated between the pivoting hinges 3 and the top member of thewindow frame 2, and bottom sections situated between the pivoting hinges 3 and the bottom member of the window frame. The top sections of these shields are fixed immovably onto the window frame, and the bottom sections of the shields are fixed onto the sash, thus, during opening of the window, these sections move together with the lower part of the sash towards the exterior of the roof. The pivoting hinges 3 are placed as a whole under these shields. Equipment of the window includes also its detailing 51, with a shape adapted to tiled roofing, the purpose of the detailing being to seal the connection of the window with the roof. Theshields 5 of the window overlap the window-neighbouringpart 52 of the detailing 51, situated perpendicularly to the roof. - Example 2. A roof window (drawing,
Fig. 3 ) has awindow sash 1 with aglazing unit 11, seated in awindow frame 2 using pivoting hinges 3 situated atside members 21 of the window frame and at side edges of the sash, slightly above the middle of length of the members and height of the sash. Thewindow frame 2 has a support flashing 22, being its structural element connecting the window frame with the roof, which is placed on theside members 21 and on the top member of the window frame, on the external side of the window, and protrudes beyond the outline of the members and beyond the clearance of the roof opening for a window. The indicated features are identical as in the first embodiment of the invention. The protruding part of the support flashing 22 rests on theroof structure 6, specifically on the surface defined in this description as a "sub-cover surface" PP, or on external surface of aboarding 61 having a uniform surface, on which a roofing made ofroofing paper 62 is laid. - The window is being opened as a pivot window, identically as in the first embodiment of the invention. Position of the
sash 1 and itsglazing unit 11, in relation to thewindow frame 2 and to the roof, when the window is open and when it is closed, as well as position of thewindow frame 2 in relation to the roof, are also identical as in the first embodiment. In a closed window, theglazing unit 11 of thesash 1 is immersed in the roof structure, so as to at least 90 % of thickness G of the glazing unit is situated deeper than the external surface of theboarding 61 i.e. the sub-cover surface PP, thus, at least a half of thickness G of the glazing unit is situated in the roof deeper than the sub-cover surface. Also theside members 21 and the top and bottom members of thewindow frame 2, are situated in the layered structure of the roof deeper than the sub-cover surface PP, in theboarding 61 under theroofing paper 62. The pivoting hinges 3 of the window are placed so as to centres of mass of bothmovable elements 31 of these hinges, connected with thesash 1, and ofstationary elements 32 connected with the support flashing 22 of thewindow frame 2, are situated above theglazing unit 11 when the window is closed, and above the support flashing of the window frame, as in the first embodiment. - The construction and the layered structure of the roof include:
rafters 44,thermal insulation 45 made of mineral wool, abreathing membrane 46, a vapour barrier, and cover panels 47 (from the side of the attic), and a lining 48 in the window opening in the roof - identical and serving the same purposes as in the first embodiment of the invention. Between theboarding 61 and therafters 44, counter battens 43 are placed, facilitating drying of the top surface of the breathing membrane. Theboarding 61 reaches thewindow frame 2 for a distance not longer than the installation play necessary for introduction of the window into the structure of the roof. The gap between the structure of the roof and thewindow frame 2, at least at its side members and top member, is filled with additionalthermal insulation 23 around thewindow frame 2, the insulation being mounted in the roof at the same time when the window frame is being installed. - The window installed in the roof has also a set of
shields 5, covering the gap between thewindow frame 2 and thesash 1 placed in it. Under these shields, the pivoting hinges 3 are placed. The shields situated above the side members are divided into two sections: top and bottom, as in the first or second embodiment. Equipment of the window includes also its detailing 53, with a shape adapted to flat roofing, the detailing sealing the connections of the window with the roof. Theshields 5 of the window overlap the window-neighbouringsection 52 of the detailing 53, situated perpendicularly to the roof - Example 3. A window according to the third embodiment of the invention is installed in a roof with an identical supporting structure, as in the first embodiment, that is in a roof having rafters and horizontal battens. The difference in relation to the first embodiment consists in the fact that instead of roofing tiles, a profiled sheet roofing, for instance of box profile sheet, or a roofing made of sheets with embossings imitating roofing tiles, is seated on the battens.
- Example 4. A window according to the fourth embodiment of the invention is installed in a roof with an identical supporting structure, as in the second embodiment, that is in a roof having rafters and a boarding, forming a uniform surface. On this boarding, a roofing made of flat sheets is seated.
- Example 5. A roof window, being opened as a pivot window, has a
window sash 1 with aglazing unit 11, the sash being seated in awindow frame 2 using pivoting hinges 3 situated atside members 21 of the window frame and at side edges of the sash, slightly above the middle of length of the members and height of the sash. Thewindow frame 2 has a support flashing 22, being its structural element connecting the window frame with the roof, which is placed on theside members 21 and on the top member of the window frame, on the external side of the window, and protrudes beyond the outline of the members and beyond the clearance of the roof opening for a window. The indicated features are identical as in the embodiments of the invention described earlier. - The roof in which the window is seated, is built of prefabricated
layered roofing panels 7, consisting of ametal mantle 71 and filling 72 made of insulating material. Theprefabricated roofing panels 7 are supported with therafters 73. The top layer of themetal mantle 71 situated outside the roof, hasprotrusions 74 and hollows 75. The sub-cover surface PP as understood in this description of the invention, is the bottom surface of the top layer of themetal mantle 71, that is the surface, to which the filling 72 made of insulating material is adjacent, in the section ofhollows 75 in the top layer of themetal mantle 71. For mounting the window in the prefabricatedlayered roofing panel 7, a hole is cut in the panel, having edges protected by insertedwalls 76. The window is immersed in the opening in the roof so as to at least 90 % of thickness G of theglazing unit 11 of thesash 1 is situated deeper than the sub-cover surface PP in the layeredroofing panel 7, and thus at least a half of thickness G of the glazing unit is situated in the roof deeper than the sub-cover surface. Also theside members 21 and the top and bottom members of thewindow frame 2 are situated in the layeredroofing panel 7 deeper than the sub-cover surface PP. The gap between the edges of the hole in the layeredroofing panel 7 and thewindow frame 2, at least at its side members and the top and bottom members, is filled with additionalthermal insulation 23 around thewindow frame 2, the insulation being mounted in the roof at the same time when the window frame is being installed. - The part of the support flashing 22 of the
window frame 2 protruding in parallel to the surface of the roof, rests on the roof structure, specifically on the top layer of themetal mantle 71. The pivoting hinges 3 of the window are placed so as to centres of mass of bothmovable elements 31 of these hinges, connected with thesash 1, and ofstationary elements 32 connected with the support flashing 22 of thewindow frame 2, are situated above theglazing unit 11 when the window is closed, and above the support flashing of the window frame, as in the first and second embodiments of the invention. The window installed in the roof has also a set ofshields 5, covering the gaps between thewindow frame 2 and thesash 1 placed in it. Under these shields, the pivoting hinges 3 are placed. The shields situated above the side members are divided into two sections: top and bottom, as in the first or second embodiment. Equipment of the window includes also its detailing 51, sealing the connections of the window with the roof. Theshields 5 of the window overlap the window-neighbouringsection 52 of the detailing 51, situated perpendicularly to the roof - Example 6. A roof window, being opened as a pivot window, has a
window sash 1 with aglazing unit 11, the sash being seated in awindow frame 2 using pivoting hinges 3 situated atside members 21 of the window frame and at side edges of the sash, slightly above the middle of length of the members and height of the sash. Thewindow frame 2 has a support flashing 22, being its structural element connecting the window frame with the roof, which is placed on theside members 21 and on the top member of the window frame, on the external side of the window, and protrudes beyond the outline of the members and beyond the clearance of the roof opening for a window. The indicated features are identical as in the embodiments of the invention described earlier. - The window is seated in a
collar 8 protruding above the main surface of the roof, and the collar has abox structure 81 and a filling 82 made of insulating material. The part of the support flashing 22 of thewindow frame 2 protruding in parallel to the surface of the roof, rests on thebox structure 81 of thecollar 8. The pivoting hinges 3 of the window are placed so as to centres of mass of bothmovable elements 31 of these hinges, connected with thesash 1, and ofstationary elements 3 connected with the support flashing 22 of thewindow frame 2, are situated above theglazing unit 11 when the window is closed, and above the support flashing of the window frame, as in the first and second embodiments of the invention. Thecollar 8 and the window installed in it, are also equipped with an integrated detailing 83, covering the fragment of the roof in direct neighbourhood of the collar, and side and top surfaces of the collar. The sub-cover surface PP as understood in this description of the invention, is the bottom surface of the integrated detailing 83 in its section resting on the top surface of thecollar 8. The window is immersed in the collar so as to at least 90 % of thickness G of theglazing unit 11 of thesash 1 is situated deeper than the sub-cover surface PP in thecollar 8, and thus at least a half of thickness G of the glazing unit is situated in the roof deeper than the sub-cover surface. Also theside members 21, the top member and the bottom member of thewindow frame 2, are situated in thecollar 8 deeper than the sub-cover surface PP. The gap between the edges of the hole in thecollar 8 and thewindow frame 2, at least at its side members and top member, is filled with additionalthermal insulation 23 around thewindow frame 2, the insulation being mounted in thecollar 8 at the same time when the window frame is being installed. - The window installed in the collar has also a set of
shields 5, covering the gaps between thewindow frame 2 and thesash 1 placed in it. Under these shields, the pivoting hinges 3 are placed. The shields situated above the side members are divided into two sections: top and bottom, as in the first or second embodiment. Theshields 5 of the window overlap the window-neighbouringsections 84 of the integrated detailing 83, situated perpendicularly to the top surface of the collar. - Examples of dual-action windows. A system for window installation in the roof may also relate to windows being opened in the pivoting mode or in the tilting mode, that is by rotation of the sash around an axis located near the top edge of the window. Dual-action windows have an additional pair of hinges, fixed to the window frame in its upper part and connected with the pivoting hinges through intermediate arms. The window frame of a dual-action window and its sash, are immersed in the layered structure of the roof when the window is closed, identically as in the described embodiments from 1 to 6. During opening of the window in the pivoting mode, the intermediate arms rest immovably on the window frame members, and the window sash rotates in the pivoting hinges. During opening of the window in the tilting mode, the intermediate arms move towards the exterior of the roof together with the sash, rotating in the tilting hinges.
- Advantages of the invention. A system for window installation in the roof according to the invention ensures an improved thermal performance of the window, resulting from the immersion of its window frame and its sash in the layered structure of the roof and thermal insulation of the roof. Moreover, placement of the hinges on the external side of the window, above the glazing unit and the window frame, eliminates thermal bridges present in the hitherto used solutions of the hinges.
- Value of the linear heat transfer coefficient depends on value of heat flow between points A and B for window crossection on
Fig., 6 and between points C and D for window crossection fromFig. 7 . - Crossection's points A, B and C and D are characteristic.
- An improved thermal performance is illustrated by diagrams of isotherms in
Figs. 6 and7 of the drawing, whereFig. 6 shows distribution of isotherms on a cross-section of the window from state of art, andFig. 7 - distribution of isotherms on a cross-section of the window according to the invention. The thermal comparison of the windows was done for the same roof structure and identical glazing unit in the window sash, so the diagrams illustrate the flow of heat through the crossection of window frame: The differences of temperatures for section between A and B points onFig. 6 and for section between C and D points onFig. 7 are: DT(B,A) = 15 °C, and in the window according to the invention DT(D,C) = 19 °C. A higher temperature difference for section between points located on both sides of the window frame proves the fact that the flow of heat from the attic towards the outside is slower. Also the lower density of isotherms in the window according to the invention indicates a lower temperature gradient, and thus a lower heat flow intensity and lower thermal losses. Distribution of isotherms indicates also an elimination of heat flow concentration areas, occurring in the window known from state of art. - Thermal calculations for the windows being compared, carried out according to EN 10077-1 and EN 10077-2 standards, proved that for a cross-section of the window frame of the window known from state of art (
Fig. 6 ), value of heat flux density for section between point B to point A amounts to q (b,a) = 15.41 W/m2, while for the solution of the window according to the invention (Fig. 7 ), value of heat flux density for section between point D to point C, amounts to q (d,c) = 9.62 W/m2, or is by 37.5% lower than in the solutions of the window from state of art.
Claims (11)
- System for window installation in a roof, the system comprising a roof having a layered structure comprising, among others, structural elements (41, 61) of the roof, external roofing and a layer of thermal insulation (45), where said roofing is seated on a sub-cover surface (PP) formed by the top surface of said structural elements (41, 61) of the roof, said roof comprising also rafters (44), a breathing membrane (46) and a vapour barrier, as well as comprising cover panels (47) from the side of the attic; the system further comprising a roof window having a window frame (2), a window sash (1), and a glazing unit (11) seated in the sash (1) being opened by its rotation in the window frame (2) around a horizontal axis, particularly being opened at least as a pivot window, by rotation in pivoting hinges (3) situated at both side edges of the sash (1), preferably above the middle of the height of the sash (1), while the window sash both in a closed window, and in a window being opened as a pivot window, is situated within the clearance of the window frame (2), wherein the glazing unit (11) of the window is immersed in the roof structure when the window is closed, so as to at least a half of thickness (G) of the glazing unit (11) is situated in the roof structure deeper than said sub-cover surface (PP), where the structural elements of the roof (41, 61) on which the roofing and thermal insulations (45) are seated in the roof structure, reach the window frame (2) for a distance not longer than a required installation play, wherein the window frame (2) rests on the sub-cover surface (PP) of the roof with at least one structural element connecting it with the roof, protruding beyond the outline of the window frame members (21) and beyond the clearance of the roof opening for the window, characterized in that the pivoting hinges (3) are situated above this sub-cover surface, on the external side of the window.
- System for window installation according to claim 1, characterised in that in pivoting hinges (3), centres of mass of elements (31) of these hinges connected with the sash, are situated above the external surface of the glazing unit (11) when the window is closed.
- System for window installation according to claim 1, characterised in that the window frame (2) rests on the sub-cover surface (PP) of the roof with its support flashing (22) protruding at least sideways beyond the outline of the window frame members (21) and beyond the clearance of the roof opening for the window.
- System for window installation according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, characterised in that at least 90 % of thickness (G) of the glazing unit (11) is situated in the roof structure deeper than the external surface of battens (41), on which roofing tiles are mounted (42), the surface being the sub-cover surface (PP).
- System for window installation according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterised in that at least 90 % of thickness of the glazing unit is situated in the roof structure deeper than the external surface of battens, on which profiled roofing sheets are mounted, the surface being the sub-cover surface.
- System for window installation according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterised in that at least 90 % of thickness (G) of the glazing unit (11) is situated in the roof structure deeper than the external surface of battens (61), on which flat roofing is mounted (62), the surface being the sub-cover surface (PP).
- System for window installation in a roof, the system comprising a roof having a layered structure, comprising, among others, a layer of thermal insulation (72), which at least in direct neighbourhood of the window is situated close to the external surface of the roof and is separated from the environment with a mantle (71) in the form of a metallic layer of covering protecting it from the influence of precipitations; where the bottom surface of the top layer of said mantle (71), to which the thermal insulation (72) is adjacent is called "sub-cover surface" (PP), and the system further comprising a roof window having a window frame (1), a window sash (3) and a glazing unit particularly seated in the sash being opened through its rotation in the window frame around a horizontal axis, particularly being opened at least as a pivot window, by rotation in pivoting hinges situated at both side edges of the sash, preferably above the middle of height of the sash, while the window sash both in a closed window and in a window opened as a pivot window, is situated within the clearance of the window frame, and pivoting hinges are placed under the shields of the side gaps, wherein the glazing unit (11) of the window, when the window is closed, is immersed in the roof structure, so as to at least a half of thickness (G) of the glazing unit is situated in the roof structure deeper than the sub-cover surface (PP). characterised in that the window frame rests on the surface of the roof with at least one structural element connecting it with the roof, protruding beyond the outline of the members (21) of the window frame and beyond the clearance of the roof opening for a window, and the pivoting hinges (3) are situated above this surface, as a whole on the external side of the window.
- System for window installation according to claim 7, characterised in that the window is seated in a prefabricated layered panel (7) consisting of a metal mantle (71) and filling (72) made of insulating material.
- System for window installation according to claim 7, characterised in that the window is seated in a collar (8) protruding above the main surface of the roof, the collar being filled with insulating material (82) and shielded by a detailing (83) of the window, which reaches the window frame (2).
- System for window installation according to claim 8, or 9, characterised in that in the pivoting hinges (3), centres of mass of elements (31) of these hinges which are connected with the sash, are situated above the external surface of the glazing unit (11), when the window is closed.
- System for window installation according to claim 7, characterised in that the structural element is a support flashing (22) protruding at least sideways.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL405157A PL236144B1 (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2013-08-28 | System for inbuilding of a window in the roof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2843148A1 EP2843148A1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
EP2843148B1 true EP2843148B1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
Family
ID=51399540
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14182387.2A Active EP2843148B1 (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2014-08-27 | System for window installation in a roof |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2843148B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL236144B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3299536A1 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2018-03-28 | VKR Holding A/S | A roof window including a set of hinges with improved movement pattern |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PL69474Y1 (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2017-11-30 | Fakro Pp Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Sealing flange with the side element, shielding the outer side and upper surfaces of the roof window frame side stile |
EP3779093A1 (en) * | 2020-02-03 | 2021-02-17 | VKR Holding A/S | A skylight window |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL6604236A (en) * | 1966-03-30 | 1967-10-02 | ||
EP0326503A1 (en) * | 1988-01-26 | 1989-08-02 | René Piquerel | Sealing joint level with roofing at roof frame |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1191952B (en) * | 1957-04-27 | 1965-04-29 | Christian Steeb | Skylight |
DE2658463A1 (en) * | 1976-12-23 | 1978-06-29 | Alfred Mueller | Attic dwelling room hinged window - has two sets of hinges and sloping guide with holding stay |
PL214536A1 (en) | 1979-03-29 | 1980-10-06 | Huta Im K | |
DE29921335U1 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2000-06-21 | Schaudt Herbert | Roof window |
DE20316919U1 (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2004-03-04 | Colt International Holdings Ag | Roof window with sun shade, has sun blind slats provided in adjustable angle support connected to window |
-
2013
- 2013-08-28 PL PL405157A patent/PL236144B1/en unknown
-
2014
- 2014-08-27 EP EP14182387.2A patent/EP2843148B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL6604236A (en) * | 1966-03-30 | 1967-10-02 | ||
EP0326503A1 (en) * | 1988-01-26 | 1989-08-02 | René Piquerel | Sealing joint level with roofing at roof frame |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3299536A1 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2018-03-28 | VKR Holding A/S | A roof window including a set of hinges with improved movement pattern |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL236144B1 (en) | 2020-12-14 |
EP2843148A1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
PL405157A1 (en) | 2015-03-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA2951367C (en) | Structure for blocking heat transfer through thermal bridge of curtain wall building | |
FI101407B (en) | Exterior insulation and coating system | |
US11767704B2 (en) | Pivot roof window with sash comprising vacuum insulated glass unit overlapping bottom frame profile | |
EP2843151B1 (en) | Roof window, at least pivoting | |
EP2843148B1 (en) | System for window installation in a roof | |
JP3204131U (en) | External wall structure of freezer / refrigerated warehouse | |
EP3563015B1 (en) | A pane module adapted to be installed on a window frame and a method for making a pane module | |
EP2519702B1 (en) | Panel assembly comprising a panel and a frame | |
NL2018304B1 (en) | Roof hatch | |
EP2631405B1 (en) | Composite window support | |
EP2843150B1 (en) | Window frame with fitting for roof window | |
RU2642745C1 (en) | Wall panel with installed window block | |
EP4006254B1 (en) | Roof window comprising sash with outer weather shield | |
DK180752B1 (en) | A panel system with an installation profile having one or more border sections, and a method of adapting such a panel system | |
EP2218841B1 (en) | Fire wall | |
EP2398992B1 (en) | A method for making a window and an opening window | |
JP4292580B2 (en) | Double skin facade structure | |
EP3192933B1 (en) | System for renovating the outer shell of a building | |
JPH0781335B2 (en) | Joint cover material and fireproof roof | |
JP2019190026A (en) | building | |
EP4269715A1 (en) | Roof window comprising an insulating glass unit with utility space | |
JP2017142047A (en) | Outer wall structure of freezing/refrigeration storehouse | |
EP2725135B1 (en) | An insulated hood for a paper machine and a method for constructing an insulated hood for a paper machine | |
EP3004477B1 (en) | A sandwich panel wall | |
GB2528659A (en) | Insulated Base Rail For Supporting External Wall Insulation |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20141007 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20160628 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20171115 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 967528 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20180215 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602014020280 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20180131 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 967528 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20180131 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180430 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180430 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180531 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180501 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602014020280 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20181102 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180831 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180827 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180831 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20180831 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180831 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180827 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20140827 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20180131 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180827 |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230419 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20230719 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20230718 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20231009 Year of fee payment: 10 |