EP2842143A1 - Commande de type a ressort(s) d'un interrupteur à haute ou moyenne tension munie d'un dispositif d'accouplement à roue libre à cliquet - Google Patents
Commande de type a ressort(s) d'un interrupteur à haute ou moyenne tension munie d'un dispositif d'accouplement à roue libre à cliquetInfo
- Publication number
- EP2842143A1 EP2842143A1 EP13717788.7A EP13717788A EP2842143A1 EP 2842143 A1 EP2842143 A1 EP 2842143A1 EP 13717788 A EP13717788 A EP 13717788A EP 2842143 A1 EP2842143 A1 EP 2842143A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- arm
- gear
- switch
- wheel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
- H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
- H01H3/3005—Charging means
- H01H3/3021—Charging means using unidirectional coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
- H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
- H01H2003/3084—Kinetic energy of moving parts recuperated by transformation into potential energy in closing or opening spring to be used in next operation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2235/00—Springs
- H01H2235/016—Preloading
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/1987—Rotary bodies
- Y10T74/19874—Mutilated
Definitions
- the invention also relates to an actuator also referred to as the spring energy storage type control (s), commonly referred to as the spring control (s), of a switch comprising a freewheel coupling device.
- an actuator also referred to as the spring energy storage type control (s), commonly referred to as the spring control (s)
- the spring control of a switch comprising a freewheel coupling device.
- Free-wheel coupling devices are known from the prior art, in particular those with ratchets which generally consist of a ratchet wheel provided with teeth inclined so that in one direction said teeth lift. at least one pawl mounted on a driven member which can thus continue to rotate freely, while in the other direction the wheel stops against the (s) pawl (s) and is thus coupled in rotation with the driven member.
- patent application DE3320242 discloses such a ratchet freewheel coupling device for a timer.
- the ratchet wheel 3 drives in a direction G a ring 1 arranged coaxially around the wheel and in the other direction V the ratchet wheel 3 does not drive the ring 1, c that is to say that it works in freewheel.
- the ratchet wheel 3 comprises a central portion to which three identical flexible arms 4, 5, 6 are connected by being symmetrically arranged around. Each end of arms 4, 5, 6 is provided with a finger 7, 8, 9 in the form of an asymmetrical pointed tooth 13, 14 with respect to the radius of the wheel 3. A pawl is thus formed both by an arm 4 , 5, 6 and its corresponding finger 7, 8, 9.
- each finger 13, 14 in the form of a pointed tooth is such that one of its flanks 13 is parallel to an edge 2 'of each tooth 2 of the outer ring 1, whereas the other side 14 is inclined by an angle with respect to the edge 2 "of each tooth 2 of the ring 1.
- spring type (s) of high voltage electrical switches such as circuit breakers, which include a freewheel coupling device.
- the spring-type high or medium voltage switch typically include a hand crank or motor that is capable of charging, via a gear train, an opening or spring spring. closure whose release allows to bring or remove at least one moving contact to the other contact, and thus to open or close the switch.
- the spring is arranged in the control, so that the release of the elastic energy that it has stored causes the opening or closing of the contacts of the switch.
- the freewheel coupling device is thus provided for coupling a drive wheel of the gear train and the crank or motor so that the wheel reaches the speed of rotation of the engine or crank. When the spring is loaded, the crank or motor drives the drive wheel to the top dead center of the spring.
- the spring drives the drive element further downstream at a much greater speed than that obtained by the motor drive or crank .
- the crank or the motor is uncoupled from the gear train via the freewheel coupling device, firstly to protect the motor mechanically when this is used and the gear and on the other hand to reduce the inertia of the elements driven by the spring.
- the large accelerations and speeds put into play through the gear train during closing may cause premature wear of at least some parts of the engine and the gear.
- the direction of rotation of the most downstream driving element is always the same.
- the motor can be started.
- the downstream drive element has a higher rotation speed than when it is driven by the motor, the freewheel coupling device is uncoupled, the drive element the most downstream and the motor rotate freely.
- the driving element has slowed down to a lower rotational speed than when it is controlled by the motor. But in this second phase, the freewheel coupling device mates and the motor controls the drive wheel for a complete reset of the closing spring.
- the freewheel coupling devices are used in the high or medium voltage circuit breaker spring controls to allow the discharge of the spring (s) to open or close the circuit breaker contacts without have a torque applied to the crank or the motor.
- These freewheel coupling devices are thus imperative first for reasons of safety: in fact, under no circumstances should an operator be injured by an inadvertent and uncontrolled rotation of a crank.
- any opening and closing of the circuit breaker contacts could be delayed due to the rotational inertia of the crank and / or the motor during spring unloading.
- DE 195 03 679 discloses a high voltage circuit breaker spring drive in which a freewheel bearing is arranged between the last gear wheel of a loading gear and the gear connected to the drive wheel coupled to the spring. closure thus loaded. The torque is transmitted only in the direction of the gear to the closing spring.
- the type of freewheel bearing is not specified.
- EP 1 408 522 discloses a high voltage circuit breaker spring control comprising a freewheel coupling device which consists of a conical clutch. Thanks to this conical clutch, there is transmission of a torque from a motor shaft to a rotary shaft in a predetermined direction of rotational movement between the two shafts and freewheeling operation of the rotary shaft in a direction opposite to the movement rotating between the two trees.
- the application WO2008 / 117437 discloses a spring drive for a high-voltage switchgear comprising a motor 3 for loading a spring of closing 22 (compression coil spring) to which it is coupled via a set of three wheels, namely an output gear wheel 16 of the engine, an intermediate gear 33, 43 in permanent engagement with the output wheel 16 and a primary gear 5 arranged coaxially with the drive shaft 1 of the movable switch contact and incorporating a freewheeling coupling device for uncoupling with the intermediate wheel 33, 43 as explained below. More exactly, as best shown in FIG.
- the primary wheel comprises a set of three pinions A, B, C arranged side by side and coaxially with the drive shaft 1 of the movable switch contact, in which the pinion B the center is provided with teeth over its entire outer periphery while the two end gears A, C have no teeth on a circular peripheral zone, respectively 34a, 34b, the rest of their outer periphery being provided with teeth.
- the pinion C end arranged closest to the switch is provided on its inner periphery two pawls 41a, 41b arranged diametrically opposite to each other and mounted to move in translation according to the diameter of the pinion C.
- These pawls are complementary shapes with the beveled teeth formed on the entire inner periphery 36 of the pinion A of the center.
- the closing spring 22 is fixed directly to the pinion A via a pin 7 and an arm 8 forming the compression arm of the spring 22.
- the operation of the control with its freewheel coupling device according to this application WO2008 / 117437 is as follows: in order to load (compress) the closing spring 22, the motor 3 is engaged and drives in rotation its toothed output gear of 16 clockwise. The intermediate gearwheel 33 in permanent meshing is then driven in the counter-clockwise direction and simultaneously the primary gearwheel 5 in the clockwise direction, the clockwise and counterclockwise directions being defined in front view according to the figures of the patent application. .
- the circular zone 34 without teeth of the pinion A allows the uncoupling between the motor 3 and the pinion A itself secured to the closing spring 22, thereby preventing any damage to the motor 3 in case of sudden stop. It is the same with the gear C whose toothless circular area 34b with respect to the circular zone without teeth 34a of the pinion A also allows uncoupling with the engine 3.
- pinion B continues to rotate. When loading the closing spring 22, the two pawls 41a, 41b of the pinion C are engaged in the internal teeth 36 of the pinion B. Consequently, the pinion B rotates simultaneously in the clockwise direction with the pinion C.
- the major disadvantage of the closing spring control according to this application WO 2008/117437 is that the closing operation is slowed by the inertia of the rotating parts, namely the pinions A, B, C with the pawls 41a, 41b and the intermediate wheel 33 and the motor.
- the coupling device disclosed according to this application WO 2008/117437 can not be implemented in a crank-loading control, because because of the continuous drive of the input wheel 16, there would necessarily be a risk of crank drive.
- US 4491709 discloses a spring loaded control for use in a circuit breaker for short circuit currents of 85kA to 600V or 100 to 150kA to 480V.
- the spring-loaded control according to this patent makes it possible to load a closing spring 70 (compression coil spring) either by means of an actuating handle 98 or by means of a motor 180, the unloading of the spring making it possible to close the movable contact 26 on the fixed contact of the breaker.
- This control comprises a set of ratchet wheels 178 including an annular ratchet wheel 188 with teeth 190 over its entire outer periphery and teeth 194 over its entire inner periphery.
- This control also includes two completely separate control mechanisms with the first one comprising the actuating handle 98 for manually controlling the rotation of the ratchet wheel 188 and the second including the motor 180 for controlling the rotation of the ratchet wheel 188.
- first mechanism comprises firstly a stop pawl (anti-return) 201 mounted at the peripheral proximity of the ratchet wheel 188 and whose function is to prevent it from rotating in a clockwise direction.
- a push rod 182 is connected to another connecting rod 186 and can push a further pawl 192 also mounted at the peripheral proximity of the ratchet wheel 188.
- the second mechanism comprises three pawls 202 mounted at 120 ° C. one of the other on the shaft 166 and meshing with the teeth 194 at the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel 188.
- a pinion 206 On the shaft 166 is fixedly mounted a pinion 206 which is connected to a motor 180 by means of another pinion 210.
- the motor pinion 206 rotates the three pawls 202 in a anti-clockwise in front view according to Figure 4J, so that they engage in the teeth 194 of the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel 188.
- the rotational drive of the ratchet wheel 188 allows the rotation of the three pawls 202 in the counter-clockwise direction (FIG. 4J) but does not cause one actuation of said pawl 192.
- the pawl 192 is not meshing with the teeth 190 at the outer periphery of the ratchet wheel 188 while the three pawls 202 are taken with the teeth 194 at the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel 188 and thus allow the rotation of the latter.
- the three pawls 202 rotated by the motor 180 for the rotation of the ratchet wheel 188 do not generate a driving torque on the pawl 192 and therefore the connecting rod 186 connected to the handle Actuation 98.
- the major disadvantage of the control according to the patent US 4491709 is its mechanical complexity with two separate mechanisms for the hand loading by the handle 98 or engine 180.
- the use of a large number of mechanical drive elements connecting the actuating handle 98 to the pawl 192, such as the rods 182, 186 and their hinge pins 184, 187 makes the assembly and operation of the control complex.
- the use of three different types of pawls 201, 192, 202 all arranged at peripheral proximity of the ratchet wheel 188 as a non-return ratchet makes it even more complex assembly and operation of the control.
- the object of the invention is therefore to propose a new spring-type control unit equipped with a freewheel coupling device for discharging spring (s) for opening or closing contacts.
- a freewheel coupling device for discharging spring (s) for opening or closing contacts.
- a particular aim is therefore to propose a new command of this type which is simple to make and which does not interfere with the closing or opening operation of the contacts of the electrical equipment during the unloading of the spring (s).
- the subject of the invention is a spring-type control for a high-voltage or medium voltage switch comprising at least one spring, a first gear gear adapted to be rotated with a power of drive, a shaft adapted to rotate a movable contact of the switch during an operation of the switch, an arm secured to the shaft and connected to the (x) spring (s), a wheel coupling device free coupling between them the first gear and the drive shaft in order to transmitting the driving power to the spring and thereby charging and uncoupling it to transmit the loaded spring torque to the moving contact but not the driving power.
- the freewheel coupling device comprises:
- a second toothed wheel whose entire outer periphery is provided with teeth in permanent engagement with the first toothed wheel and whose entire inner periphery is provided with teeth
- At least one pawl pivotally mounted on the arm and adapted to be respectively in the positions:
- the invention consists in judiciously integrating a freewheel coupling device consisting of a toothed wheel and a pawl meshing with it during the loading of the spring to its top dead point of compression, in abutment against a release element to disengage from the meshing engagement once the top dead center is reached, which allows the freewheeling operation of the arm and therefore of the drive shaft relative to the toothed wheel when one actuation of the release element.
- Such a device is particularly simple to implement and its freewheel operation does not lead to other element (s) than the arm, which avoids having a rotational inertia of parts to bear and therefore it does not affect the operation of closing or opening the switch.
- the control according to the invention may comprise a plurality of pawls adapted to all be in the same positions simultaneously.
- the release element is a pivotally mounted lever to allow it to be moved away from the pawl.
- the implementation of the release element is thus simple.
- the invention also relates to a high or medium voltage electrical switchgear equipped with at least one switch, comprising a spring drive as described above.
- the apparatus according to the invention may be gas-insulated, dead-tank type, or air-insulated, of the live-tank type. It can advantageously be a circuit breaker.
- control comprises a single closing spring of the switch.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of part of a spring drive according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a detailed perspective view of the control according to FIG. 1,
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are also detailed perspective views of the control according to FIG. 1 respectively in the fully loaded state of the closing spring of this control and at the beginning of an unloading operation of the closing spring,
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at the ratchet coupling device according to the invention.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show in perspective the spring energy storage control according to the invention, as it is implanted in a high-voltage circuit breaker.
- the spring drive according to the invention comprises a mechanical coupling device freewheel between a crank or a motor not shown (e) and the drive shaft 1 of a movable contact of the circuit breaker, the freewheel operation performing a mechanical uncoupling between the crank or the motor and the drive shaft 1 when unloading the closing spring 11.
- control firstly comprises a first gear wheel, called the output wheel 10, which is directly or indirectly driven by a crank or by a motor.
- This output gear wheel 10 is in permanent engagement with a straight toothing performed on the entire circumferential outer periphery 5 of a second gear 2 mounted on a bearing not shown. In other words, this output gear wheel 10 is permanently coupled to the toothed wheel 2.
- the second toothed wheel 2 comprises on an inner periphery of the teeth 4 of beveled shape.
- an arm 3 secured to the shaft 1 for rotating the movable contact of the circuit breaker via the cam 12 shown in more detail in FIG. 3A.
- the arm 3 is fixed at the end of shaft 1 by screwing.
- the drive shaft 1 and the arm 3 are adapted to be rotated simultaneously.
- a pivot 6 itself connected to a helical compression spring 11 through a transmission system comprising a chain 13, a pulley and rod 14 resting against the free end of the closing spring 11.
- a pawl 7 is pivotally mounted about an axis 9 on the free end of the arm 3.
- the pawl 7 meshes with the teeth 4 of the inner periphery of the second gear 2: there is therefore in this non-pivoted position a mechanical coupling between the latter and the arm 3 and therefore the drive shaft to which it is attached.
- the pawl 7 is not meshing with the teeth 4: there is therefore in this pivoted position a mechanical uncoupling between the toothed wheel 2 and the arm 3.
- This trigger lever 8 is a lever pivoting about an axis 80 and arranged near the toothed wheel 2.
- the closing spring control 11 finally comprises a non-return device, not shown, the function of which is to prevent either the output gearwheel 10 from rotating in the clockwise direction or the gearwheel 2 from rotating directly in the direction of rotation. the anti-clockwise direction in front view according to the figures.
- the function of this non-return device will be explained below in relation to the operation of the control.
- the arrangement of such a non-return device which can only be mechanical, can be easily achieved in the control by one skilled in the art without impairing the simplicity thereof.
- FIG. 4 more particularly shows the coupling between the actual coupling part 70 of the ratchet 7 complementary with the teeth 4 of beveled shape.
- the pawl 7 is also already no longer engaged with the teeth 4 of the inner periphery of the toothed wheel 2, the arm 3 and the switch drive shaft 1 to which it is attached then turn clockwise. under the pulling force of the chain 13 generated by the unloading force of the closing spring 11. In other words, they operate in freewheel with the toothed gear 2 mechanically uncoupled which therefore remains motionless in rotation.
- the drive shaft 1 therefore drives the moving contact of the circuit breaker via the cam 15.
- the closing spring control 11 provided with the ratchet freewheel coupling device 7 is simple to implement and does not include a rotating component whose inertia would be detrimental to the closing operation of the circuit breaker during unloading. spring.
- control according to the invention can also integrate several springs to compress.
Landscapes
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1253785A FR2990051B1 (fr) | 2012-04-25 | 2012-04-25 | Commande de type a ressort(s) d'un interrupteur a haute ou moyenne tension munie d'un dispositif d'accouplement a roue libre a cliquet |
PCT/EP2013/058343 WO2013160272A1 (fr) | 2012-04-25 | 2013-04-23 | Commande de type a ressort(s) d'un interrupteur à haute ou moyenne tension munie d'un dispositif d'accouplement à roue libre à cliquet |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2842143A1 true EP2842143A1 (fr) | 2015-03-04 |
EP2842143B1 EP2842143B1 (fr) | 2016-06-08 |
Family
ID=48143304
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13717788.7A Active EP2842143B1 (fr) | 2012-04-25 | 2013-04-23 | Commande de type a ressort(s) d'un interrupteur à haute ou moyenne tension munie d'un dispositif d'accouplement à roue libre à cliquet |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9583281B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2842143B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN104350561B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2990051B1 (fr) |
IN (1) | IN2014MN02136A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013160272A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104299812B (zh) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-11-09 | 国家电网公司 | 集成拐臂及使用该集成拐臂的弹簧操动机构 |
EP3113200A1 (fr) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-04 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Unité d'entraînement pour un disjoncteur moyenne ou haute tension |
EP3553804B1 (fr) * | 2018-04-10 | 2021-03-24 | Rail Power Systems GmbH | Installation haute tension ou moyenne tension |
FR3080663B1 (fr) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-05-22 | Schneider Electric Industries Sas | Module de transmission d'un effort |
FR3089049B1 (fr) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-11-06 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Mécanisme pour la commande de fermeture et d’ouverture d’un dispositif de coupure de courant pour appareil électrique interrupteur |
CN112713022B (zh) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-09-02 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一二研究所) | 一种大电流快速断路器的惯性减震装置 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3183332A (en) * | 1962-08-09 | 1965-05-11 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Circuit breaker closing mechanisms |
US4491709A (en) | 1983-05-09 | 1985-01-01 | Square D Company | Motor and blade control for high amperage molded case circuit breakers |
DE3320242A1 (de) | 1983-06-03 | 1984-12-06 | Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg | Richtgesperre fuer eine schaltuhr |
GB2141799B (en) | 1983-06-03 | 1986-07-16 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | An adjusting ratchet mechanism for a time switch |
DE19503679C1 (de) | 1995-01-30 | 1996-06-27 | Holec Syst & Componenten | Aufzugsvorrichtung zum Spannen der Einschaltfeder von Antriebseinrichtungen für elektrische Leistungsschalter, insbesondere Vakuum-Leistungsschalter |
JP3271490B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-12 | 2002-04-02 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 遮断器の操作機構 |
FR2840726B1 (fr) | 2002-06-06 | 2004-11-12 | Alstom | Commande mecanique a ressort pour disjoncteur haute ou moyenne tension, comprenant une roue dentee cooperant avec un pignon |
EP1408522B1 (fr) | 2002-10-09 | 2011-09-21 | Areva T&D Sas | Dispositif d'accouplement roue libre pour commande à ressort de disjoncteur haute tension |
JP4707759B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-27 | 2011-06-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 開閉装置の蓄勢機構 |
FR2923075B1 (fr) | 2007-10-29 | 2009-12-25 | Areva T & D Ag | Actionneur d'un interrupteur comprenant un dispositif d'accouplement a roue libre |
FR2925210B1 (fr) * | 2007-12-17 | 2010-01-15 | Areva T&D Ag | Commande compacte pour appareillage electrique moyennes et hautes tensions |
FR2931997A1 (fr) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-04 | Areva T & D Ag | Commande pour appareil electrique haute et moyenne tension a temps d'actionnement reduite. |
DE102010011997B4 (de) | 2010-03-18 | 2023-02-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Antriebsvorrichtung für eine Spannwelle eines Federkraftantriebes eines elektrischen Schalters sowie elektrischer Schalter mit einer derartigen Antriebsvorrichtung |
FR2989824B1 (fr) | 2012-04-24 | 2015-08-21 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Circuit actionneur de commande de disjoncteur |
FR2990053B1 (fr) | 2012-04-26 | 2015-01-30 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Dispositif d'actionnement des contacts d'un disjoncteur comportant une barre de torsion |
-
2012
- 2012-04-25 FR FR1253785A patent/FR2990051B1/fr active Active
-
2013
- 2013-04-23 WO PCT/EP2013/058343 patent/WO2013160272A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2013-04-23 CN CN201380030456.6A patent/CN104350561B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-04-23 US US14/396,920 patent/US9583281B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-04-23 EP EP13717788.7A patent/EP2842143B1/fr active Active
- 2013-04-23 IN IN2136MUN2014 patent/IN2014MN02136A/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2013160272A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2990051A1 (fr) | 2013-11-01 |
CN104350561B (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
US20150107973A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
IN2014MN02136A (fr) | 2015-08-21 |
US9583281B2 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
EP2842143B1 (fr) | 2016-06-08 |
WO2013160272A1 (fr) | 2013-10-31 |
FR2990051B1 (fr) | 2014-05-30 |
CN104350561A (zh) | 2015-02-11 |
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