EP2839087A1 - Ratchet locking system - Google Patents

Ratchet locking system

Info

Publication number
EP2839087A1
EP2839087A1 EP13725385.2A EP13725385A EP2839087A1 EP 2839087 A1 EP2839087 A1 EP 2839087A1 EP 13725385 A EP13725385 A EP 13725385A EP 2839087 A1 EP2839087 A1 EP 2839087A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
finger
slab
locking system
locking
elastic member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13725385.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2839087B1 (en
Inventor
Ali ABOU ASKAR
Jean-Gilles LIOGIER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CLIPCONCEPT
Original Assignee
CLIPCONCEPT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CLIPCONCEPT filed Critical CLIPCONCEPT
Publication of EP2839087A1 publication Critical patent/EP2839087A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2839087B1 publication Critical patent/EP2839087B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
    • E04B2/82—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge characterised by the manner in which edges are connected to the building; Means therefor; Special details of easily-removable partitions as far as related to the connection with other parts of the building
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/22—Connection of slabs, panels, sheets or the like to the supporting construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/22—Connection of slabs, panels, sheets or the like to the supporting construction
    • E04B9/24—Connection of slabs, panels, sheets or the like to the supporting construction with the slabs, panels, sheets or the like positioned on the upperside of, or held against the underside of the horizontal flanges of the supporting construction or accessory means connected thereto
    • E04B9/247—Connection of slabs, panels, sheets or the like to the supporting construction with the slabs, panels, sheets or the like positioned on the upperside of, or held against the underside of the horizontal flanges of the supporting construction or accessory means connected thereto by means of sliding or pivoting locking elements, held against the underside of the supporting construction

Definitions

  • the technical sector of the present invention is that of slab fastening systems used in particular to form vertical partitions, horizontal or inclined.
  • the patent application FR2940988 teaches ceiling tiles equipped with fastening means which are unlocked by means of a magnet producing a magnetic field.
  • An apparatus sufficiently wide to produce a magnetic field over the entire surface of the slab would unlock all fasteners at the same time and thus remove the slab.
  • Such an apparatus in the case of large slabs, however, would be too bulky and too heavy a weight to allow a user to handle it easily. It is common to use vertical slabs having a length of several meters over a width of about one meter.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome one or more of the disadvantages of the prior art by proposing a new locking system for a slab.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a system for locking a slab on a reception frame comprising:
  • a locking pin movable in a housing made in the body and intended to bear on the receiving frame in a locked position
  • a pawl for locking the finger in the unlocked position, the pawl being secured to a second elastic member connected to said body, the restoring member comprising an actuating surface intended to be displaced by the support of a blocking tool.
  • the second elastic member comprises a tongue accessible when the slab is disassembled, arranged so that an action on the tongue unblocks the pawl and releases the finger of said unlocked position.
  • the body is formed in one piece with the second elastic member.
  • the body is intended to be fixed against the edge of an opening made in a rail to which the body is fixed.
  • the pawl is positioned to remain unlocked along the stroke traversed by the finger between the locked position and intermediate positions of engagement of the slab in its receiving frame.
  • the body comprises a passage made vis-à-vis the actuating surface of the return member.
  • the return member comprises a pivoting pin held in a housing of the body, the axis being fixed to at least a first drive arm of the finger against the action of the first elastic member and at least one second support arm of the actuating surface, the first arm being arranged against a lateral lug integral with the finger.
  • the second arm comprises at its end opposite the pivoting axis, a tooth cooperating with an angular portion constituting the integral pawl of the second elastic member.
  • the second elastic member is integral with a first tooth constituting the pawl and intended to cooperate with a second tooth integral with the finger, the return member being secured to the finger.
  • Another object of the invention relates to a slab intended to be maintained in a receiving frame and comprising at least one locking system according to the invention.
  • the slab comprises an access port to the actuating surface of the locking system of the locking device, this orifice being arranged to allow the insertion of the locking tool. blocking which is then pushed or pivoted relative to the slab to bring and lock the finger in the unlocked position.
  • the slab comprises a covering element in the form of a fabric arranged to allow the insertion of the locking tool which is then pushed or pivoted relative to the slab to act on the actuating surface of the locking system return member and to move and lock the finger in the unlocked position.
  • the slab comprises L-shaped rails joined together so as to form an insertion frame covering at least in part the frame for receiving the slab, at least one of the locking systems being disposed in an angle of the insertion frame, said locking system being fixed to the two rails forming this angle.
  • Another object of the invention relates to a partition formed by slabs according to the invention, the slabs being held in one or more receiving frames.
  • a partition may be vertical or inclined.
  • Such a partition can be arranged horizontally to form a floor or a ceiling.
  • a first advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the locking systems can be unlocked one after the other since the locking of the finger is assured.
  • Another advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the locking system can be easily rebooted.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a slab fixed in its receiving frame
  • FIG. 2 represents an exploded view of a locking system
  • FIG. 3 to 5 show each side view of the locking system of Figure 2, without the lateral sides of the body of the locking system;
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective view showing the front and top faces of a locking system
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the rear and bottom faces of the locking system of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 to 10 each show a side view of the locking system of Figure 6, without the lateral sides of the body of the locking system;
  • FIG. 11 shows an exploded view of a locking system
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the front and top faces of the locking system of FIG. 11;
  • Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing the front and bottom faces of the locking system of Fig. 11;
  • FIG. 14 shows a perspective view in section of a locking system, in the locked position, a slab mounted in its receiving frame;
  • FIG. 15 shows a perspective view in section of a locking system, in the unlocked position, a slab mounted in its receiving frame;
  • FIG. 16 represents a perspective view of a slab before it is mounted in a reception frame
  • FIG. 17 represents a view of the non-visible face of a partition.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of cover plate 29 comprising rails 23 fixed on its non-visible face. Locking systems 1 are fixed to the rails against the edge delimiting an opening 22 in the rail 23.
  • the slab comprising the cover plate 29, the rails 23 and the locking systems 1 is inserted in the receiving frame 53 and y fixed automatically. Locking systems will now be described in more detail.
  • Figure 2 shows an exploded view of a locking system. It consists here of a body 3a comprising a front face 32 for fixing against a rail vis-à-vis the locking system. This rail vis-à-vis the locking system is part of the slab itself.
  • the body 3a is of substantially parallelepipedal shape and equipped with a wing 41 lateral.
  • This lateral vane 41 serves for attachment to a side rail of the slab and comprises a bore for receiving a screw.
  • the locking system is generally disposed in an angle of an insertion frame constituted by the rails and forming part of the slab.
  • the body 3a receives a return member 55a, a first elastic member 5, a finger 4 and a sleeve 39.
  • the body 3a comprises:
  • housings 18, 33 and 34 of the body are open on the front face of the body 3a, the front face 32 being intended to be fixed against the edge of an opening made in a rail as will be explained below. So, the finger of locking can emerge through this opening.
  • the housings 34 of the arms 12 of the return member are arranged on each side of the housing 33 receiving the finger 4.
  • the housing 18 of the axis of the return member 55a is disposed at the front of the body and at- above the housing 33 for the finger.
  • the housing 18 of the axis guided in rotation 11 of the return member 55a comprises an upper wall of which two teeth 57 project slightly downwards, a bottom wall and two inner branches 58 arranged vis-à-vis from the top wall.
  • the axis 11 of the return member is for example forcefully introduced into its housing 18 in the body 3a.
  • the internal branches 58 are deformed elastically when the shaft 11 passes under teeth 57 which then maintain the axis 11 in its housing 18.
  • the return member 55a is in the form of an axis
  • the arms 10 and 12 are flat and extend in a plane parallel to the geometric axis of the axis 11 of the return member 55a.
  • the arms of the same pair are parallel to each other.
  • the finger 4 is in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped in which is formed a bevel 40.
  • This bevel 40 is formed on the front part of the finger and is intended to come against the receiving frame of the slab.
  • the finger 4 comprises lateral pins 19 of cylindrical shape.
  • the first elastic member 5 is in the form of a helical spring. This spring 5 may be metal.
  • the sleeve 39 is of substantially parallelepipedal shape and comprises a front flange 35 and rear clips 36.
  • a lateral groove 37 is formed on each side of the sleeve 39.
  • the flange 35 is intended to abut around and outside the opening made in the rail vis-à-vis the locking system.
  • the sheath of rectangular section is guided in translation in the housing 33 of the finger and is fixed by the clips 36 projecting from the rear of the housing body 33.
  • the translational guide of the finger 4 in its sheath 39 can be made by two lugs 19 integral with the finger 4 and arranged on each side of the finger to slide in the lateral grooves 37 of the sheath 39.
  • the finger translation guide relative to the sheath can be achieved by the housing 38 of complementary shape to that of the finger 4 and corresponding substantially to the section of the finger.
  • the finger 4 is introduced with the spring 5 into the body 3a.
  • the first elastic member 5 is disposed between the rear face of the finger 4 and the inner wall of the body, the beveled portion 40 of the finger being oriented upwards.
  • the return member 55a is inserted into the body 3a, the arms of the return member coming from either side of each of the lugs.
  • the body 3a is then placed against the edge of a cut made in a rail coming opposite the locking system.
  • a lateral fixation of the locking system may be provided in particular to stiffen the structure of the slab.
  • the sleeve 39 is then introduced into the opening of the rail to enter the housing 33 of the finger.
  • the flange 35 is placed in abutment against the rail and the clips 36 are locked at the rear of the body 3a.
  • the references at the top and bottom of the locking system correspond to a horizontal slab inserted from the bottom to the top for a ceiling.
  • the slabs can also be arranged vertically or inclined or even horizontal to form a floor for which the slabs are then inserted from top to bottom.
  • the finger 4 is disposed in a locked position which corresponds to the position in which the locking system is located before the insertion of the slab into its receiving frame.
  • the finger 4 is in position projecting maximum and its bevelled portion 40 is disposed opposite the receiving frame before the insertion of the slab. After insertion, the finger 4 finds its maximum projecting position to bear against the receiving frame. The portion coming against the receiving frame in the locked position is that opposite the bevel 40.
  • the return member 55a does not exert any action on the finger 4, the lugs 19 of the finger 4 simply coming into contact with the arms 12 of the return member and thus keep them in the position shown.
  • the rail, not shown, to which the locking system is attached, is disposed between the bearing face 32 of the body and the collar 35.
  • Clips 36 fixing the sheath appear at the rear of the body.
  • a plate 42 for holding an insulating plate is disposed at the rear of the body. This wafer 42 is arranged parallel to a cover plate of the slab.
  • the return member 55a comprises an actuating surface 8 disposed on its arm 10 positioned above the lug 19.
  • This link arm 10 carrying the actuating surface 8 comprises, at its end, a projecting tooth 14 cooperating with the pawl 45.
  • This tooth 14 cooperates with a bearing surface 45 forming an angular portion of a second elastic member 17 disposed at the rear of the body.
  • the second elastic member 17 comprises a tongue 20 arranged to be accessible at least when the slab is removed.
  • the tongue 20 is in the form of a salient angle.
  • the body 3a is formed in one piece with the second elastic member 17.
  • the body comprises at least one passage 6 disposed vis-à-vis the actuating surface 8 of the return member.
  • the passage 6 is arranged in particular in the lower part and at the rear of the body 3a of the locking system la. 4 shows a position of the finger 4 during 'the insertion of the slab in its reception part.
  • the reception frame not shown, then comes against the outer face of the flange 35.
  • the finger 4 is flush with the outer surface of the flange 35.
  • slab in which case the finger is recessed with respect to its locking position shown in Figure 2, but remains slightly protruding from the flange 35.
  • the representation in Figure 4 corresponds in fact to a maximum necessary retreat of the finger 4 when the insertion of the slab into its reception frame.
  • the return member 5 does not disturb the incoming and outgoing translation movement effected by the finger 4. In particular, even if the lugs 19 of the finger come into contact with one of the arms of the return member 55a, the tooth 14 protruding from it does not hang against the ratchet integral with the second elastic member 17.
  • the return member 55a does not block the finger 4 in its intermediate positions, when inserting the slab in its receiving frame and thus achieves the automatic locking of the slab in its receiving frame.
  • FIG. 5 shows the locking position of the finger 4, that is to say the maximum retracted position of this finger in its housing 39.
  • a locking tool 13 is inserted into the body 3a through the passage 6 and bears against the actuating surface 8 of the return member 55a to push it into a locking position of the pawl 45 against the projecting tooth 14 at the end of the return member 55a. Due to the locking of the pawl 45, the return member 55a remains in this same position when the locking tool 13 is removed.
  • the arms 12 of the return member 55a bear against the lugs 19 of the finger 4 which is held in a retracted position such that it can no longer lock against the receiving frame of the slab.
  • the return member holds the finger in the unlocked position despite the action of the first elastic member 5 compressed between the finger and body.
  • the slab By positioning all the locking systems in the unlocked position, the slab can be removed.
  • each second elastic member 17 is accessible to a user.
  • the second elastic member 17 is deformed and disarms the pawl.
  • the finger 4 then returns to its locked position as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the second elastic member 17 is notably pulled backwards and deformed under the action of the user, and then returns to the front when the user Release the tongue 20.
  • the user can act on the tongue 20 with his fingers or with a tool.
  • Figure 6 shows a perspective view showing the top and the front of an alternative embodiment of the locking system while Figure 7 shows the bottom and the rear of this locking system.
  • the locking system comprises the same body 3a, the same finger 4 and the same sleeve 39 as the locking system previously described in relation to Figures 2 to 5, the same references being used for the same elements.
  • Figures 8 to 10 show side views of this embodiment 'of the locking system shown in Figures 6 and 8 of which the side walls of the body have been removed for clarity of description.
  • the finger 4 is in the locked position which is also the position in which it is before the slab is inserted into its receiving frame.
  • the finger is recessed under the action of the receiving frame pushing the finger 4 by its bevelled portion 40, the finger being able to return to its locked position when the receiving frame no longer acts on it. this.
  • the finger 4 is blocked by the pawl 45 in an unlocked position.
  • the locking tool 13 is used to bring the locking system into this position.
  • the system remains in this position when * the clamping die 13 is withdrawn.
  • the user can subsequently release the finger by acting on the tongue 20 of the second elastic member 17.
  • the first elastic member 47 is in the form of a spring comprising two arms connected to one another by a portion wound on itself. This first elastic member 47 acts on the return member 55b and on the body 3a, so that the return member tends to push the finger into its locked position.
  • this spring 47 It is also possible to complete the action of this spring 47 by a helical spring 5 as described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • the lugs 19 act on the rear arms 43 without causing the locking of the pawl, while the rear arms 43 maintain their action on the lugs 19 to automatically return the finger in the locked position.
  • Figure 11 shows an exploded view of a locking system 1b.
  • This locking system lb comprises a body 3b comprising a housing 44 for the finger and a housing 48 for the portion secured to the finger 4 and constituting the actuating surface 9. These housings are made so that the finger 4 and the portion forming the actuating surface 9 are movable in translation relative to the body 3b.
  • the body 3b comprises a front face 32 for fixing to a rail of the slab.
  • the housings 44 and 48 are open on the front of the body which is intended to be fixed on the edge of an opening made in the rail of the slab.
  • This rail also includes openings for fixing screws inserted in bores on the front face 32 of the body.
  • the body 3b comprises a slat 16 movable elastically with respect to the body 3b and constituting the second elastic member.
  • This strip 16 comprises a tongue 21 at its end protruding from the rear face of the body.
  • This strip 16 is made in one piece with the body 3b.
  • the body 3b comprises an opening 7 disposed vis-à-vis an inner surface of the wafer 16 constituting the second elastic member.
  • the first elastic member 5 is intended to bear against a face of the finger opposite its bevelled portion 40 and an inner wall of the body 3b.
  • the first elastic member 5 is in the form of a helical spring. This coil spring is for example made of metallic material.
  • the finger is of substantially parallelepiped shape and comprises a bevelled front portion 40 facing the receiving frame before the insertion of the slab.
  • the finger comprises on its upper face a tooth 15 constituting part of the pawl for locking in the unlocked position.
  • the finger comprises on its underside a constituent portion of the actuating surface 9.
  • This concave actuating surface 9 delimits an open housing vis-à-vis the opening 7 made in the lower wall of the body.
  • This portion secured to the underside of the finger further defines a stop 49 extending perpendicular to the underside of the finger.
  • This stop 49 limits the movements of the finger in translation relative to the body, when the body is fixed to the rail which comes against its front face 32.
  • the finger and the first elastic member 5 are inserted into the body 3b and the front face 32 of the body 3b is fixed on the peripheral edges of an opening made in the rail.
  • the locking finger thus leaves through this opening.
  • FIG. 11 The locking system of FIG. 11 is shown in perspective, in its locked position, in FIGS. 12 and 13.
  • the front face 32 and the top of this locking system 1b are shown in FIG. 12.
  • the front face 32 and the below the locking system are shown in Figure 13.
  • the passage 7 made in the body is disposed opposite the actuating surface 9.
  • the translational stop surface 49 comes in the plane of the front face 32 of the body. This surface 49 is indeed intended to bear against the rail, when the support face 32 is fixed against the rail. The finger then passes, in the locked position, through this opening in the rail.
  • the locking system is fixed to the rail for example by screwing or gluing.
  • a lateral fastening element 50 also makes it possible to hold against a lateral rail.
  • This fastener lateral 50 is in the form of lug cooperating with a bore made in the side rail.
  • Figures 14 and 15 show perspective and sectional views of a slab equipped with a locking system.
  • the locking tool 13 drives the finger 4 in the unlocked position and blocked by the pawl.
  • the locking system then remains in this unlocked position and allows to remove the slab from its receiving frame.
  • the locking tool is inserted into a through hole 24 formed in the cover plate 29 of the slab and opening in front of the passage made in the locking system.
  • This plate which constitutes the covering element of the slab is generally rigid.
  • Such a plate may be replaced by another covering element such as a flexible sheet of plastic material or a square of fabric, the cover element then being fixed to the insertion frame of the slab.
  • the locking tool is pushed or pivoted relative to the slab to lock the pawl.
  • the locking tool comprises for example one or more projecting rods for actuating the return member.
  • a protruding rod of the locking tool is for example of cylindrical or pointed form such as a needle.
  • the second elastic member 16 comprises a tooth 51 projecting towards the finger 4 cooperating with the tooth 15 of the finger 4 projecting towards the second elastic member 16.
  • the tooth 51 integral with the second elastic member constitutes the pawl.
  • the receiving frame of the slab includes T-shaped rails.
  • the slab bears against a front plate of the receiving rail, this front plate being attached to the leg of the T.
  • the slab comprises an insertion frame comprising L-shaped rails, referenced 23.
  • Each L-shaped rail 23 comprises a portion 25 parallel to the plate 29 covering the slab and two portions 26 and 27 perpendicular thereto.
  • a first of these portions 27 is disposed on the edge of the cover plate 29 and serves for the positioning of the slab relative to a groove 40 made in the receiving rail.
  • the other perpendicular portion 26, set back from the edge of the slab, comprises the opening 22 for the passage of the locking finger. This other perpendicular portion 26 serves in particular for fixing the locking system.
  • a slab 2 is shown in FIG. 16 before being inserted into a receiving frame 53.
  • This slab 2 comprises four locking systems 1b arranged in the four internal angles of the insertion frame.
  • the insertion frame comprises L-shaped rails 23 as described in connection with FIGS. 14 and 15.
  • the cover plate of the slab is for example equipped with a multitude of holes to be used as a slab of the acoustic type.
  • Figure 17 shows a partition 31 formed by slabs 2 held in receiving frames 53.
  • a partition 31 may be horizontal to be a constituent of a ceiling or a floor.
  • Such a partition may also be vertical or inclined.
  • FIG. 17 shows a non-visible face of the partition 31. It notably appears that the reception rails forming the reception frames 53 are masked by the slabs on the side of the apparent face of the partition 31, as shown by the corresponding dashed lines at the edges of the slabs. It should be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention allows other embodiments. Therefore, the present embodiments should be considered as illustrating the invention defined by the appended claims.

Abstract

The invention concerns a system for locking a slab on a receiving frame comprising: - a body (3b) rigidly connected to a cover member (29) of the slab, - a locking finger (4) that is movable in a housing provided in the body (3b) and intended to bear on the receiving frame in a locked position, - a first elastic member (5) for driving the finger (4) into the locked position, and - a return member (9) for returning the finger (4) into an unlocked position, against the action of the first elastic member (5). The locking position in particular comprises a ratchet (51) for blocking the finger (4) in the unlocked position, the ratchet being rigidly connected to a second elastic member (16) linked to the body of the locking system, the return member comprising an actuation surface (9) intended to be moved by pressure from a blocking tool (13).

Description

SYSTEME DE VERROUILLAGE A CLIQUET  RATCHET LATCH SYSTEM
Le secteur technique de la présente invention est celui des systèmes de fixation des dalles utilisées notamment pour former des cloisons verticales, horizontales ou inclinées.  The technical sector of the present invention is that of slab fastening systems used in particular to form vertical partitions, horizontal or inclined.
La demande de brevet FR2940988 enseigne des dalles pour plafond équipées de moyens de fixation qui sont déverrouillés au moyen d'un aimant produisant un champ magnétique.  The patent application FR2940988 teaches ceiling tiles equipped with fastening means which are unlocked by means of a magnet producing a magnetic field.
Il apparaît toutefois un problème pour les dalles verticales pour lesquelles il est nécessaire de déverrouiller en même temps tous les moyens de fixation. En effet, si on déverrouille un par un les moyens de fixation, il y a une forte probabilité que le moyen de verrouillage qui n'est plus soumis à l'action du champ magnétique se verrouille à nouveau au cadre de réception de la dalle. Le même problème se pose dans le cas de dalles équipées d'un nombre important de moyens de fixation tels que les boîtiers décrits dans la demande de brevet FR2940988.  However, it appears a problem for vertical slabs for which it is necessary to unlock all the fastening means at the same time. Indeed, if one unlocks the fixing means, there is a high probability that the locking means which is no longer subject to the action of the magnetic field is locked again to the frame receiving the slab. The same problem arises in the case of slabs equipped with a large number of fastening means such as the housings described in the patent application FR2940988.
Un appareil suffisamment étendu pour produire un champ magnétique sur toute la surface de la dalle permettrait le déverrouillage de tous les moyens de fixation en même temps et permettrait ainsi de retirer la dalle. Un tel appareil, dans le cas des dalles de grandes dimensions, serait toutefois trop encombrant et d'un poids trop important pour permettre à un utilisateur de le manipuler facilement. Il est fréquent notamment d'utiliser des dalles verticales ayant une longueur de plusieurs mètres sur une largeur d'environ un mètre.  An apparatus sufficiently wide to produce a magnetic field over the entire surface of the slab would unlock all fasteners at the same time and thus remove the slab. Such an apparatus, in the case of large slabs, however, would be too bulky and too heavy a weight to allow a user to handle it easily. It is common to use vertical slabs having a length of several meters over a width of about one meter.
Le but de la présente invention est de pallier un ou plusieurs des inconvénients de l'art antérieur en proposant un nouveau système de verrouillage pour une dalle.  The object of the present invention is to overcome one or more of the disadvantages of the prior art by proposing a new locking system for a slab.
L'invention a donc pour objet un système de verrouillage d'une dalle sur un cadre de réception comprenant :  The subject of the invention is therefore a system for locking a slab on a reception frame comprising:
- un corps solidaire d'un élément de couverture de la dalle,  a body integral with a slab cover element,
- un doigt de verrouillage mobile dans un logement réalisé dans le corps et destiné à venir en appui sur le cadre de réception dans une position verrouillée,  a locking pin movable in a housing made in the body and intended to bear on the receiving frame in a locked position,
- un premier organe élastique d'entraînement du doigt dans la position verrouillée, et - un organe de rappel du doigt dans une position non verrouillée contre l'action du premier organe élastique, a first elastic member for driving the finger in the locked position, and a member for restoring the finger in an unlocked position against the action of the first elastic member,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un cliquet de blocage du doigt dans la position non verrouillée, le cliquet étant solidaire d'un deuxième organe élastique relié audit corps, l'organe de rappel comprenant une surface d' actionnement destinée à être déplacée par l'appui d'un outil de blocage.  characterized in that it comprises a pawl for locking the finger in the unlocked position, the pawl being secured to a second elastic member connected to said body, the restoring member comprising an actuating surface intended to be displaced by the support of a blocking tool.
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le deuxième organe élastique comprend une languette accessible lorsque la dalle est démontée, agencée de façon à ce qu'une action sur la languette débloque le cliquet et libère le doigt de ladite position non verrouillée.  According to a feature of the invention, the second elastic member comprises a tongue accessible when the slab is disassembled, arranged so that an action on the tongue unblocks the pawl and releases the finger of said unlocked position.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le corps est formé d'une seule pièce avec le deuxième organe élastique.  According to another characteristic of the invention, the body is formed in one piece with the second elastic member.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le corps est destiné à être fixé contre le bord d'une ouverture réalisée dans un rail auquel le corps est fixé.  According to another characteristic of the invention, the body is intended to be fixed against the edge of an opening made in a rail to which the body is fixed.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le cliquet est positionné de façon à rester débloqué tout le long de la course parcourue par le doigt entre la position verrouillée et des positions intermédiaires d' engagement de la dalle dans son cadre de réception.  According to another characteristic of the invention, the pawl is positioned to remain unlocked along the stroke traversed by the finger between the locked position and intermediate positions of engagement of the slab in its receiving frame.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le corps comprend un passage réalisé en vis-à-vis de la surface d' actionnement de l'organe de rappel.  According to another characteristic of the invention, the body comprises a passage made vis-à-vis the actuating surface of the return member.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'organe de rappel comprend un axe pivotant maintenu dans un logement du corps, l'axe étant fixé à au moins un premier bras d'entraînement du doigt contre l'action du premier organe élastique et à au moins un deuxième bras de support de la surface d' actionnement , le premier bras étant disposé contre un ergot latéral solidaire du doigt.  According to another characteristic of the invention, the return member comprises a pivoting pin held in a housing of the body, the axis being fixed to at least a first drive arm of the finger against the action of the first elastic member and at least one second support arm of the actuating surface, the first arm being arranged against a lateral lug integral with the finger.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le deuxième bras comprend à son extrémité à l'opposé de l'axe pivotant, une dent coopérant avec une portion anguleuse constitutive du cliquet solidaire du deuxième organe élastique. Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le deuxième organe élastique est solidaire d'une première dent constitutive du cliquet et destinée à coopérer avec une deuxième dent solidaire du doigt, l'organe de rappel étant solidaire du doigt. According to another characteristic of the invention, the second arm comprises at its end opposite the pivoting axis, a tooth cooperating with an angular portion constituting the integral pawl of the second elastic member. According to another characteristic of the invention, the second elastic member is integral with a first tooth constituting the pawl and intended to cooperate with a second tooth integral with the finger, the return member being secured to the finger.
Un autre objet de l'invention concerne une dalle destinée à être maintenue dans un cadre de réception et comprenant au moins un système de verrouillage selon l'invention.  Another object of the invention relates to a slab intended to be maintained in a receiving frame and comprising at least one locking system according to the invention.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la dalle comprend un orifice d'accès à la surface d' actionnement de l'organe de rappel du système de verrouillage, cet orifice étant agencé de façon à permettre l'insertion de l'outil de blocage qui est ensuite poussé ou pivoté par rapport à la dalle pour amener et bloquer le doigt en position non verrouillée.  According to another characteristic of the invention, the slab comprises an access port to the actuating surface of the locking system of the locking device, this orifice being arranged to allow the insertion of the locking tool. blocking which is then pushed or pivoted relative to the slab to bring and lock the finger in the unlocked position.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la dalle comprend un élément de couverture se présentant sous la forme d'un tissu agencé de façon à permettre l'insertion de l'outil de blocage qui est ensuite poussé ou pivoté par rapport à la dalle pour agir sur la surface d' actionnement de l'organe de rappel du système de verrouillage et pour amener et bloquer le doigt en position non verrouillée.  According to another characteristic of the invention, the slab comprises a covering element in the form of a fabric arranged to allow the insertion of the locking tool which is then pushed or pivoted relative to the slab to act on the actuating surface of the locking system return member and to move and lock the finger in the unlocked position.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la dalle comprend des rails en L joints entre eux de façon à former un cadre d' insertion couvrant au moins en partie le cadre de réception de la dalle, au moins un des systèmes de verrouillage étant disposé dans un angle du cadre d'insertion, ledit système de verrouillage étant fixé aux deux rails formant cet angle.  According to another characteristic of the invention, the slab comprises L-shaped rails joined together so as to form an insertion frame covering at least in part the frame for receiving the slab, at least one of the locking systems being disposed in an angle of the insertion frame, said locking system being fixed to the two rails forming this angle.
Un autre objet de l'invention concerne une cloison formée par des dalles selon l'invention, les dalles étant maintenues dans un ou plusieurs cadres de réception. Une telle cloison peut être verticale ou inclinée. Une telle cloison peut être disposée horizontalement pour former un plancher ou un plafond.  Another object of the invention relates to a partition formed by slabs according to the invention, the slabs being held in one or more receiving frames. Such a partition may be vertical or inclined. Such a partition can be arranged horizontally to form a floor or a ceiling.
Un tout premier avantage de l'invention réside dans le fait que les systèmes de verrouillage peuvent être déverrouillés l'un après l'autre puisque le blocage du doigt est assuré. A first advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the locking systems can be unlocked one after the other since the locking of the finger is assured.
Un autre avantage de l'invention réside dans le fait que le système de verrouillage peut être facilement réamorcé.  Another advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the locking system can be easily rebooted.
D'autres caractéristiques, avantages et détails de l' invention seront mieux compris à la lecture du complément de description qui va suivre de modes de réalisation donnés à titre d'exemple en relation avec des dessins sur lesquels :  Other features, advantages and details of the invention will be better understood on reading the additional description which will follow of embodiments given by way of example in relation to drawings in which:
- la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective éclatée d'une dalle fixée dans son cadre de réception ;  - Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a slab fixed in its receiving frame;
- la figure 2 représente une vue éclatée d'un système de verrouillage;  FIG. 2 represents an exploded view of a locking system;
- les figures 3 à 5 représentent chacune vue de côté du système de verrouillage de la figure 2, sans les côtés latéraux du corps du système de verrouillage ;  - Figures 3 to 5 show each side view of the locking system of Figure 2, without the lateral sides of the body of the locking system;
- la figure 6 représente une vue en perspective montrant les faces avant et supérieure d' un système de verrouillage ;  - Figure 6 shows a perspective view showing the front and top faces of a locking system;
- la figure 7 représente une vue en perspective montrant les faces arrière et inférieure du système de verrouillage de la figure 6;  FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the rear and bottom faces of the locking system of FIG. 6;
- les figures 8 à 10 représentent chacune une vue de côté du système de verrouillage de la figure 6, sans les côtés latéraux du corps du système de verrouillage ;  - Figures 8 to 10 each show a side view of the locking system of Figure 6, without the lateral sides of the body of the locking system;
- la figure 11 représente une vue éclatée d'un système de verrouillage ;  - Figure 11 shows an exploded view of a locking system;
- la figure 12 représente une vue en perspective montrant les faces avant et supérieure du système de verrouillage de la figure 11;  FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the front and top faces of the locking system of FIG. 11;
- la figure 13 représente une vue en perspective montrant les faces avant et inférieure du système de verrouillage de la figure 11;  Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing the front and bottom faces of the locking system of Fig. 11;
- la figure 14 représente une vue en perspective et en coupe d'un système de verrouillage, en position verrouillée, d'une dalle montée dans son cadre de réception ;  - Figure 14 shows a perspective view in section of a locking system, in the locked position, a slab mounted in its receiving frame;
- la figure 15 représente une vue en perspective et en coupe d'un système de verrouillage, en position non verrouillée, d'une dalle montée dans son cadre de réception ;  - Figure 15 shows a perspective view in section of a locking system, in the unlocked position, a slab mounted in its receiving frame;
- la figure 16 représente une vue en perspective d'une dalle avant son montage dans un cadre de réception; - la figure 17 représente une vue de la face non apparente d'une cloison. FIG. 16 represents a perspective view of a slab before it is mounted in a reception frame; FIG. 17 represents a view of the non-visible face of a partition.
L'invention va à présent être décrite avec davantage de détails. La figure 1 représente un exemple de plaque de couverture 29 comprenant des rails 23 fixés sur sa face non visible. Des systèmes de verrouillage 1 sont fixés aux rails contre le bord délimitant une ouverture 22 dans le rail 23. La dalle comprenant la plaque de couverture 29, les rails 23 et les systèmes de verrouillage 1 est insérée dans le cadre de réception 53 et s'y fixe automatiquement. Les systèmes de verrouillage vont maintenant être décrits avec davantage de détails .  The invention will now be described in more detail. Figure 1 shows an example of cover plate 29 comprising rails 23 fixed on its non-visible face. Locking systems 1 are fixed to the rails against the edge delimiting an opening 22 in the rail 23. The slab comprising the cover plate 29, the rails 23 and the locking systems 1 is inserted in the receiving frame 53 and y fixed automatically. Locking systems will now be described in more detail.
La figure 2 représente une vue éclatée d'un système de verrouillage. Il est constitué ici d'un corps 3a comprenant une face avant 32 de fixation contre un rail en vis-à-vis du système de verrouillage. Ce rail en vis-à-vis du système de verrouillage fait partie de la dalle elle-même.  Figure 2 shows an exploded view of a locking system. It consists here of a body 3a comprising a front face 32 for fixing against a rail vis-à-vis the locking system. This rail vis-à-vis the locking system is part of the slab itself.
Le corps 3a est de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique et équipé d'une ailette 41 latérale. Cette ailette 41 latérale sert pour la fixation à un rail latéral de la dalle et comprend un alésage de réception d'une vis. Le système de verrouillage est généralement disposé dans un angle d'un cadre d' insertion constitué par les rails et faisant partie de la dalle.  The body 3a is of substantially parallelepipedal shape and equipped with a wing 41 lateral. This lateral vane 41 serves for attachment to a side rail of the slab and comprises a bore for receiving a screw. The locking system is generally disposed in an angle of an insertion frame constituted by the rails and forming part of the slab.
Le corps 3a reçoit un organe de rappel 55a, un premier organe élastique 5, un doigt 4 et un fourreau 39.  The body 3a receives a return member 55a, a first elastic member 5, a finger 4 and a sleeve 39.
Le corps 3a comprend :  The body 3a comprises:
- un logement 33 pour le doigt de verrouillage 40 disposé dans son fourreau 39, de forme adaptée pour une translation du doigt par rapport au corps 3a,  - A housing 33 for the locking pin 40 disposed in its sheath 39, of a shape adapted for a translation of the finger relative to the body 3a,
- un logement 18 pour un axe 11 guidé en rotation de l'organe de rappel 55a et  a housing 18 for an axis 11 guided in rotation with the return member 55a and
- deux logements 34 pour des bras 10 et 12 de l'organe de rappel 55a.  two housings 34 for arms 10 and 12 of the return member 55a.
Ces logements 18, 33 et 34 du corps sont ouverts sur la face avant du corps 3a, la face avant 32 étant destinée à être fixée contre le bord d'une ouverture réalisée dans un rail comme cela sera expliqué ci-après. Ainsi, le doigt de verrouillage peut émerger par cette ouverture. These housings 18, 33 and 34 of the body are open on the front face of the body 3a, the front face 32 being intended to be fixed against the edge of an opening made in a rail as will be explained below. So, the finger of locking can emerge through this opening.
Les logements 34 des bras 12 de l'organe de rappel sont disposés de chaque côté du logement 33 recevant le doigt 4. Le logement 18 de l'axe de l'organe de rappel 55a est disposé à l'avant du corps et au-dessus du logement 33 pour le doigt.  The housings 34 of the arms 12 of the return member are arranged on each side of the housing 33 receiving the finger 4. The housing 18 of the axis of the return member 55a is disposed at the front of the body and at- above the housing 33 for the finger.
Le logement 18 de l'axe guidé en rotation 11 de l'organe de rappel 55a comprend une paroi supérieure de laquelle deux dents 57 font légèrement saillie vers le bas, une paroi de fond et deux branches internes 58 disposées en vis-à-vis de la paroi supérieure. L'axe 11 de l'organe de rappel est par exemple introduit en force dans son logement 18 dans le corps 3a. Les branches internes 58 se déforment élastiquement lorsque l'axe 11 passe sous des dents 57 qui maintiennent ensuite l'axe 11 dans son logement 18.  The housing 18 of the axis guided in rotation 11 of the return member 55a comprises an upper wall of which two teeth 57 project slightly downwards, a bottom wall and two inner branches 58 arranged vis-à-vis from the top wall. The axis 11 of the return member is for example forcefully introduced into its housing 18 in the body 3a. The internal branches 58 are deformed elastically when the shaft 11 passes under teeth 57 which then maintain the axis 11 in its housing 18.
L'organe de rappel 55a se présente sous la forme d'un axe The return member 55a is in the form of an axis
11 de forme sensiblement cylindrique solidaire de deux paires de bras 10 et 12. Les bras 10 et 12 sont plats et s'étendent selon un plan parallèle à l'axe géométrique de l'axe 11 de l'organe de rappel 55a. Les bras d'une même paire sont parallèles entre eux. 11 of substantially cylindrical form secured to two pairs of arms 10 and 12. The arms 10 and 12 are flat and extend in a plane parallel to the geometric axis of the axis 11 of the return member 55a. The arms of the same pair are parallel to each other.
Le doigt 4 se présente sous la forme d'un parallélépipède rectangle dans lequel est réalisé un biseau 40. Ce biseau 40 est réalisé sur la partie avant du doigt et est destiné à venir contre le cadre de réception de la dalle. Le doigt 4 comprend des ergots latéraux 19 de forme cylindrique.  The finger 4 is in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped in which is formed a bevel 40. This bevel 40 is formed on the front part of the finger and is intended to come against the receiving frame of the slab. The finger 4 comprises lateral pins 19 of cylindrical shape.
Le premier organe élastique 5 se présente sous la forme d'un ressort hélicoïdal. Ce ressort 5 peut être en métal.  The first elastic member 5 is in the form of a helical spring. This spring 5 may be metal.
Le fourreau 39 est de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique et comprend une collerette 35 avant et des clips 36 arrière. Une rainure latérale 37 est réalisée de chaque côté du fourreau 39. La collerette 35 est destinée à venir en appui autour et à l'extérieur de l'ouverture réalisée dans le rail en vis-à-vis du système de verrouillage .  The sleeve 39 is of substantially parallelepipedal shape and comprises a front flange 35 and rear clips 36. A lateral groove 37 is formed on each side of the sleeve 39. The flange 35 is intended to abut around and outside the opening made in the rail vis-à-vis the locking system.
Le fourreau de section rectangulaire est guidé en translation dans le logement 33 du doigt et est fixé par les clips 36 en saillie à l'arrière du corps du logement 33. Le guidage en translation du doigt 4 dans son fourreau 39 peut être réalisé par deux ergots 19 solidaires du doigt 4 et disposés de chaque côté du doigt pour coulisser dans les rainures latérales 37 du fourreau 39. Le guidage en translation doigt par rapport au fourreau peut être réalisé par le logement 38 de forme complémentaire à celle du doigt 4 et correspondant sensiblement à la section du doigt. The sheath of rectangular section is guided in translation in the housing 33 of the finger and is fixed by the clips 36 projecting from the rear of the housing body 33. The translational guide of the finger 4 in its sheath 39 can be made by two lugs 19 integral with the finger 4 and arranged on each side of the finger to slide in the lateral grooves 37 of the sheath 39. The finger translation guide relative to the sheath can be achieved by the housing 38 of complementary shape to that of the finger 4 and corresponding substantially to the section of the finger.
Lors du montage, le doigt 4 est introduit avec le ressort 5 dans le corps 3a. Le premier organe élastique 5 est disposé entre la face arrière du doigt 4 et la paroi interne du corps, la portion biseautée 40 du doigt étant orientée vers le haut.  During assembly, the finger 4 is introduced with the spring 5 into the body 3a. The first elastic member 5 is disposed between the rear face of the finger 4 and the inner wall of the body, the beveled portion 40 of the finger being oriented upwards.
L'organe de rappel 55a est inséré dans le corps 3a, les bras de l'organe de rappel venant de part et d'autre de chacun des ergots.  The return member 55a is inserted into the body 3a, the arms of the return member coming from either side of each of the lugs.
Le corps 3a est ensuite disposé contre le bord d'une découpe réalisée dans un rail venant en vis-à-vis du système de verrouillage. Une fixation latérale du système de verrouillage peut être prévue notamment pour rigidifier la structure de la dalle.  The body 3a is then placed against the edge of a cut made in a rail coming opposite the locking system. A lateral fixation of the locking system may be provided in particular to stiffen the structure of the slab.
Le fourreau 39 est ensuite introduit dans l'ouverture du rail pour pénétrer dans le logement 33 du doigt. La collerette 35 est disposée en appui contre le rail et les clips 36 sont bloqués à l'arrière du corps 3a.  The sleeve 39 is then introduced into the opening of the rail to enter the housing 33 of the finger. The flange 35 is placed in abutment against the rail and the clips 36 are locked at the rear of the body 3a.
Les références au haut et au bas du système de verrouillage correspondent à une dalle horizontale insérée du bas vers le haut pour un plafond. Bien entendu, les dalles peuvent aussi être disposées verticalement ou inclinées voire même horizontales pour former un plancher pour lequel les dalles sont alors insérées du haut vers le bas.  The references at the top and bottom of the locking system correspond to a horizontal slab inserted from the bottom to the top for a ceiling. Of course, the slabs can also be arranged vertically or inclined or even horizontal to form a floor for which the slabs are then inserted from top to bottom.
Des détails supplémentaires apparaissent sur les figures Additional details appear on the figures
3 à 5 illustrant trois positions fonctionnelles du système de verrouillage la. Les cloisons latérales du corps du système de verrouillage la ont été retirées pour les besoins de la description . 3 to 5 illustrating three functional positions of the locking system la. The side walls of the lock system body have been removed for the purposes of the description.
Sur la figure 3, le doigt 4 est disposé dans une position verrouillée qui correspond à la position dans laquelle se trouve le système de verrouillage avant l'insertion de la dalle dans son cadre de réception. Le doigt 4 est en position saillante au maximum et sa portion biseautée 40 est disposée face au cadre de réception avant l'insertion de la dalle. Après insertion, le doigt 4 retrouve sa position saillante au maximum pour venir en appui contre le cadre de réception. La portion venant contre le cadre de réception dans la position verrouillée est celle à l'opposé du biseau 40. In Figure 3, the finger 4 is disposed in a locked position which corresponds to the position in which the locking system is located before the insertion of the slab into its receiving frame. The finger 4 is in position projecting maximum and its bevelled portion 40 is disposed opposite the receiving frame before the insertion of the slab. After insertion, the finger 4 finds its maximum projecting position to bear against the receiving frame. The portion coming against the receiving frame in the locked position is that opposite the bevel 40.
Le premier organe élastique 5, en appui sur le corps, pousse le doigt et maintient celui-ci en position saillante verrouillée. L'organe de rappel 55a n'exerce pas d'action sur le doigt 4, les ergots 19 du doigt 4 venant simplement en contact avec les bras 12 de l'organe de rappel et les maintiennent ainsi dans la position représentée. Le rail, non représenté, auquel est fixé le système de verrouillage, est disposé entre la face d'appui 32 du corps et la collerette 35.  The first elastic member 5, resting on the body, pushes the finger and keeps it in locked locked position. The return member 55a does not exert any action on the finger 4, the lugs 19 of the finger 4 simply coming into contact with the arms 12 of the return member and thus keep them in the position shown. The rail, not shown, to which the locking system is attached, is disposed between the bearing face 32 of the body and the collar 35.
Les clips 36 de fixation du fourreau apparaissent à l'arrière du corps.  Clips 36 fixing the sheath appear at the rear of the body.
Une plaquette 42 de maintien d'une plaque isolante est disposée à l'arrière du corps. Cette plaquette 42 est disposée parallèlement à une plaque de couverture de la dalle.  A plate 42 for holding an insulating plate is disposed at the rear of the body. This wafer 42 is arranged parallel to a cover plate of the slab.
L'organe de rappel 55a comprend une surface d' actionnement 8 disposée sur son bras 10 positionné au- dessus de l'ergot 19. Ce bras 10 de liaison portant la surface d' actionnement 8 comprend, à son extrémité, une dent saillante 14 coopérant avec le cliquet 45. Cette dent 14 coopère avec une surface d'appui 45 formant une portion anguleuse d'un deuxième organe élastique 17 disposé à l'arrière du corps. Le deuxième organe élastique 17 comprend une languette 20 disposée de façon à être accessible au moins lorsque la dalle est retirée. La languette 20 se présente sous la forme d'une équerre saillante.  The return member 55a comprises an actuating surface 8 disposed on its arm 10 positioned above the lug 19. This link arm 10 carrying the actuating surface 8 comprises, at its end, a projecting tooth 14 cooperating with the pawl 45. This tooth 14 cooperates with a bearing surface 45 forming an angular portion of a second elastic member 17 disposed at the rear of the body. The second elastic member 17 comprises a tongue 20 arranged to be accessible at least when the slab is removed. The tongue 20 is in the form of a salient angle.
Le corps 3a est formé d'une seule pièce avec le deuxième organe élastique 17. Le corps comprend au moins un passage 6 disposé en vis-à-vis de la surface d' actionnement 8 de l'organe de rappel. Le passage 6 est disposé notamment dans la partie basse et à l'arrière du corps 3a du système de verrouillage la. La figure 4 représente une position du doigt 4 lors de' l'insertion de la dalle dans son cadre de réception. Le cadre de réception, non représenté, vient alors contre la face externe de la collerette 35. Ainsi, le doigt 4 affleure la surface externe de la collerette 35. On peut aussi avoir un jeu entre cette collerette 35 et le cadre de réception de la dalle auquel cas le doigt vient en retrait par rapport à sa position de verrouillage représentée à la figure 2, mais reste légèrement saillant par rapport à la collerette 35. La représentation à la figure 4 correspond en effet à un recul maximum nécessaire du doigt 4 lors de l'insertion de la dalle dans son cadre de réception. The body 3a is formed in one piece with the second elastic member 17. The body comprises at least one passage 6 disposed vis-à-vis the actuating surface 8 of the return member. The passage 6 is arranged in particular in the lower part and at the rear of the body 3a of the locking system la. 4 shows a position of the finger 4 during 'the insertion of the slab in its reception part. The reception frame, not shown, then comes against the outer face of the flange 35. Thus, the finger 4 is flush with the outer surface of the flange 35. It is also possible to have a clearance between this flange 35 and the reception frame of the flange 35. slab in which case the finger is recessed with respect to its locking position shown in Figure 2, but remains slightly protruding from the flange 35. The representation in Figure 4 corresponds in fact to a maximum necessary retreat of the finger 4 when the insertion of the slab into its reception frame.
L'organe de rappel 5 ne perturbe pas le mouvement de translation rentrant et sortant effectué par le doigt 4. En particulier, même si les ergots 19 du doigt viennent en contact avec un des bras de l'organe de rappel 55a, la dent 14 en saillie de celui-ci ne se bloque pas contre le cliquet solidaire du deuxième organe élastique 17. L'organe de rappel 55a ne bloque pas le doigt 4 dans ses positions intermédiaires, lors de l'insertion de la dalle dans son cadre de réception et on réalise ainsi le verrouillage automatique de la dalle dans son cadre de réception.  The return member 5 does not disturb the incoming and outgoing translation movement effected by the finger 4. In particular, even if the lugs 19 of the finger come into contact with one of the arms of the return member 55a, the tooth 14 protruding from it does not hang against the ratchet integral with the second elastic member 17. The return member 55a does not block the finger 4 in its intermediate positions, when inserting the slab in its receiving frame and thus achieves the automatic locking of the slab in its receiving frame.
Sur la figure 5, on a représenté la position de blocage du doigt 4, c'est-à-dire la position de recul maximum de ce doigt dans son logement 39. Un outil de blocage 13 est inséré dans le corps 3a par le passage 6 et vient en appui contre la surface d' actionnement 8 de l'organe de rappel 55a afin de pousser celui-ci dans une position de blocage du cliquet 45 contre la dent en saillie 14 en bout de l'organe de rappel 55a. Du fait du blocage du cliquet 45, l'organe de rappel 55a demeure dans cette même position lorsque l'outil de blocage 13 est retiré.  FIG. 5 shows the locking position of the finger 4, that is to say the maximum retracted position of this finger in its housing 39. A locking tool 13 is inserted into the body 3a through the passage 6 and bears against the actuating surface 8 of the return member 55a to push it into a locking position of the pawl 45 against the projecting tooth 14 at the end of the return member 55a. Due to the locking of the pawl 45, the return member 55a remains in this same position when the locking tool 13 is removed.
Les bras 12 de l'organe de rappel 55a sont en appui contre les ergots 19 du doigt 4 qui est maintenu dans une position de retrait telle qu' il ne peut plus se verrouiller contre le cadre de réception de la dalle. L'organe de rappel maintient le doigt en position non verrouillée malgré l'action du premier organe élastique 5 compressé entre le doigt et le corps. The arms 12 of the return member 55a bear against the lugs 19 of the finger 4 which is held in a retracted position such that it can no longer lock against the receiving frame of the slab. The return member holds the finger in the unlocked position despite the action of the first elastic member 5 compressed between the finger and body.
En positionnant l'ensemble des systèmes de verrouillage en position non verrouillée, la dalle peut être retirée.  By positioning all the locking systems in the unlocked position, the slab can be removed.
Une fois la dalle retirée de son cadre de réception, la languette 20 de chaque deuxième organe élastique 17 est accessible pour un utilisateur. En agissant sur la languette 20, le deuxième organe élastique 17 est déformé et désarme le cliquet. Le doigt 4 revient alors dans sa position verrouillée telle que représentée à la figure 3. Le deuxième organe élastique 17 est notamment tiré vers l'arrière et déformé sous l'action de l'utilisateur, puis revient vers l'avant lorsque l'utilisateur relâche la languette 20. L'utilisateur peut agir sur la languette 20 avec ses doigts ou avec un outil.  Once the slab is removed from its receiving frame, the tongue 20 of each second elastic member 17 is accessible to a user. By acting on the tongue 20, the second elastic member 17 is deformed and disarms the pawl. The finger 4 then returns to its locked position as shown in FIG. 3. The second elastic member 17 is notably pulled backwards and deformed under the action of the user, and then returns to the front when the user Release the tongue 20. The user can act on the tongue 20 with his fingers or with a tool.
La figure 6 représente une vue en perspective montrant le dessus et l'avant d'une variante de réalisation le du système de verrouillage tandis que la figure 7 montre le dessous et l'arrière de ce système de verrouillage.  Figure 6 shows a perspective view showing the top and the front of an alternative embodiment of the locking system while Figure 7 shows the bottom and the rear of this locking system.
Le système de verrouillage le comprend le même corps 3a, le même doigt 4 et le même fourreau 39 que le système de verrouillage précédemment décrit en relation avec les figures 2 à 5, les mêmes références étant utilisées pour les mêmes éléments .  The locking system comprises the same body 3a, the same finger 4 and the same sleeve 39 as the locking system previously described in relation to Figures 2 to 5, the same references being used for the same elements.
On retrouve les passages 6 représentés en perspective sur la figure 7 ainsi que les languettes 20 disposées à l'extrémité des deuxièmes organes élastiques 17. Des fentes latérales 56 réalisées dans le corps 3a délimitent les bords latéraux des deuxièmes organes élastiques 17.  We find the passages 6 shown in perspective in Figure 7 and the tabs 20 disposed at the end of the second elastic members 17. Side slots 56 formed in the body 3a delimit the lateral edges of the second elastic members 17.
Il apparaît à la figure 6 des bras 46 courbés de l'organe de rappel qui seront explicités ci-après.  It appears in Figure 6 curved arms 46 of the return member which will be explained below.
Les figures 8 à 10 représentent des vues de côté de cette variante de réalisation' le du système de verrouillage représenté aux figures 6 et 8 duquel les cloisons latérales du corps ont été enlevées pour la clarté de la description. Figures 8 to 10 show side views of this embodiment 'of the locking system shown in Figures 6 and 8 of which the side walls of the body have been removed for clarity of description.
Sur les figures 8 à 10, l'organe de rappel qui comprend ses bras courbés 46 et 43 solidaires de l'axe 11, est associé à un ressort 47 tendant à écarter cet organe de rappel de la cloison supérieure du corps 3a. On pourrait aussi utiliser cet organe de rappel en coopération avec un ressort hélicoïdal comme décrit en relation avec les figures 2 à 5. In Figures 8 to 10, the return member which comprises its curved arms 46 and 43 integral with the shaft 11, is associated with a spring 47 tending to separate this return member from the upper wall of the body 3a. We could also use this return member in cooperation with a helical spring as described in connection with Figures 2 to 5.
Sur la figure 8, le doigt 4 est dans la position verrouillée qui est aussi la position dans laquelle il se trouve avant que la dalle ne soit insérée dans son cadre de réception .  In Figure 8, the finger 4 is in the locked position which is also the position in which it is before the slab is inserted into its receiving frame.
Sur la figure 9, le doigt est en retrait sous l'action du cadre de réception venant pousser le doigt 4 par sa portion en biseau 40, le doigt pouvant revenir dans sa position verrouillé lorsque le cadre de réception n'agit plus sur celui-ci.  In FIG. 9, the finger is recessed under the action of the receiving frame pushing the finger 4 by its bevelled portion 40, the finger being able to return to its locked position when the receiving frame no longer acts on it. this.
Sur la figure 10, le doigt 4 est bloqué par le cliquet 45 dans une position non verrouillée. L'outil de blocage 13 est utilisé pour amener le système de verrouillage dans cette position. Le système reste dans cette position lorsque * l'outil de blocage 13 est retiré. L'utilisateur peut libérer par la suite le doigt en agissant sur la languette 20 du deuxième organe élastique 17. In Figure 10, the finger 4 is blocked by the pawl 45 in an unlocked position. The locking tool 13 is used to bring the locking system into this position. The system remains in this position when * the clamping die 13 is withdrawn. The user can subsequently release the finger by acting on the tongue 20 of the second elastic member 17.
Le premier organe élastique 47 se présente sous la forme d'un ressort comprenant deux bras liés l'un à l'autre par une portion enroulée sur elle-même. Ce premier organe élastique 47 agit sur l'organe de rappel 55b et sur le corps 3a, de façon à ce que l'organe de rappel tende à pousser le doigt dans sa position verrouillée.  The first elastic member 47 is in the form of a spring comprising two arms connected to one another by a portion wound on itself. This first elastic member 47 acts on the return member 55b and on the body 3a, so that the return member tends to push the finger into its locked position.
C'est le bras 43 de l'organe de rappel qui pousse le doigt vers sa position verrouillée. Les ergots 19 peuvent alors être poussés par chacune des deux paires de bras de l'organe de rappel.  It is the arm 43 of the return member which pushes the finger towards its locked position. The lugs 19 can then be pushed by each of the two pairs of arms of the return member.
On peut aussi compléter l'action de ce ressort 47 par un ressort hélicoïdal 5 tel que décrit en relation avec les figures 2 à 5.  It is also possible to complete the action of this spring 47 by a helical spring 5 as described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.
Comme représenté à la figure 9, les ergots 19 agissent sur les bras 43 arrières sans provoquer le blocage du cliquet, tandis que les bras 43 arrière maintiennent leur action sur les ergots 19 pour ramener automatiquement le doigt en position verrouillée.  As shown in Figure 9, the lugs 19 act on the rear arms 43 without causing the locking of the pawl, while the rear arms 43 maintain their action on the lugs 19 to automatically return the finger in the locked position.
A la figure 10, le bras 46 avant de l'organe de rappel tire sur le doigt tandis que le cliquet est bloqué pour maintenir le doigt dans une position non verrouillée. Les ergots sont alors uniquement en contact avec le ou les bras 46 avant de l'organe de rappel. In FIG. 10, the arm 46 before the return member pulls on the finger while the pawl is locked for keep your finger in an unlocked position. The lugs are then only in contact with the arm or arms 46 before the return member.
Le blocage du cliquet et son déblocage sont réalisés de la même façon que décrit en relation avec les figures 3 à 5.  The locking of the pawl and its release are carried out in the same way as described in relation with FIGS. 3 to 5.
La figure 11 représente une vue éclatée d'un système de verrouillage lb.  Figure 11 shows an exploded view of a locking system 1b.
Ce système de verrouillage lb comprend un corps 3b comprenant un logement 44 pour le doigt et un logement 48 pour la portion solidaire du doigt 4 et constituant la surface d' actionnement 9. Ces logements sont réalisés de façon à ce que le doigt 4 et la portion formant la surface d' actionnement 9 soient mobiles en translation par rapport au corps 3b.  This locking system lb comprises a body 3b comprising a housing 44 for the finger and a housing 48 for the portion secured to the finger 4 and constituting the actuating surface 9. These housings are made so that the finger 4 and the portion forming the actuating surface 9 are movable in translation relative to the body 3b.
Le corps 3b comprend une face avant 32 de fixation à un rail de la dalle. Les logements 44 et 48 sont ouverts sur l'avant du corps qui est destiné à être fixé sur le bord d'une ouverture réalisée dans le rail de la dalle. Ce rail comprend également des ouvertures pour la fixation de vis insérées dans des alésages en face avant 32 du corps.  The body 3b comprises a front face 32 for fixing to a rail of the slab. The housings 44 and 48 are open on the front of the body which is intended to be fixed on the edge of an opening made in the rail of the slab. This rail also includes openings for fixing screws inserted in bores on the front face 32 of the body.
Le corps 3b comprend une lamelle 16 mobile élastiquement par rapport au corps 3b et constituant le deuxième organe élastique. Cette lamelle 16 comprend une languette 21 à son extrémité en saillie par rapport à la face arrière du corps. Cette lamelle 16 est réalisée d'une seule pièce avec le corps 3b.  The body 3b comprises a slat 16 movable elastically with respect to the body 3b and constituting the second elastic member. This strip 16 comprises a tongue 21 at its end protruding from the rear face of the body. This strip 16 is made in one piece with the body 3b.
Le corps 3b comprend une ouverture 7 disposée en vis-à- vis d'une surface interne de la plaquette 16 constituant le deuxième organe élastique.  The body 3b comprises an opening 7 disposed vis-à-vis an inner surface of the wafer 16 constituting the second elastic member.
Le premier organe élastique 5 est destiné à venir en appui entre une face du doigt à l'opposé de sa portion biseautée 40 et une paroi interne du corps 3b. Le premier organe élastique 5 se présente sous la forme d'un ressort hélicoïdal. Ce ressort hélicoïdal est par exemple en matériau métallique.  The first elastic member 5 is intended to bear against a face of the finger opposite its bevelled portion 40 and an inner wall of the body 3b. The first elastic member 5 is in the form of a helical spring. This coil spring is for example made of metallic material.
Le doigt est de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique et comprend une portion avant biseautée 40 orientée en face du cadre de réception avant l'insertion de la dalle. Le doigt comprend sur sa face supérieure une dent 15 constituant en partie le cliquet pour le blocage en position non verrouillée. The finger is of substantially parallelepiped shape and comprises a bevelled front portion 40 facing the receiving frame before the insertion of the slab. The finger comprises on its upper face a tooth 15 constituting part of the pawl for locking in the unlocked position.
Le doigt comprend sur sa face inférieure une portion constitutive de la surface d' actionnement 9. Cette surface d' actionnement 9 concave délimite un logement ouvert en vis- à-vis de l'ouverture 7 réalisée dans la paroi inférieure du corps .  The finger comprises on its underside a constituent portion of the actuating surface 9. This concave actuating surface 9 delimits an open housing vis-à-vis the opening 7 made in the lower wall of the body.
Cette portion solidaire de la face inférieure du doigt délimite par ailleurs une butée 49 s' étendant perpendiculairement à la face inférieure du doigt. Cette butée 49 limite les mouvements du doigt en translation par rapport au corps, lorsque le corps est fixé au rail qui vient contre sa face avant 32.  This portion secured to the underside of the finger further defines a stop 49 extending perpendicular to the underside of the finger. This stop 49 limits the movements of the finger in translation relative to the body, when the body is fixed to the rail which comes against its front face 32.
Lors du montage le doigt et le premier organe élastique 5 sont insérés dans le corps 3b puis la face avant 32 du corps 3b est fixée sur les bords périphériques d'une ouverture réalisée dans le rail. Le doigt de verrouillage sort ainsi par cette ouverture.  During assembly the finger and the first elastic member 5 are inserted into the body 3b and the front face 32 of the body 3b is fixed on the peripheral edges of an opening made in the rail. The locking finger thus leaves through this opening.
Le système de verrouillage de la figure 11 est représenté en perspective, dans sa position verrouillée, aux figures 12 et 13. La face avant 32 et le dessus de ce système de verrouillage lb sont représentés à la figure 12. La face avant 32 et le dessous du système de verrouillage sont représentés à la figure 13.  The locking system of FIG. 11 is shown in perspective, in its locked position, in FIGS. 12 and 13. The front face 32 and the top of this locking system 1b are shown in FIG. 12. The front face 32 and the below the locking system are shown in Figure 13.
Comme on le voit sur la figure 13, le passage 7 réalisé dans le corps est disposé en vis-à-vis de la surface d' actionnement 9.  As can be seen in FIG. 13, the passage 7 made in the body is disposed opposite the actuating surface 9.
Par ailleurs, la surface 49 d'arrêt en translation vient dans le plan de la face avant 32 du corps. Cette surface 49 est en effet destinée à venir en appui contre le rail, lorsque cette face 32 d'appui est fixée contre le rail. Le doigt passe alors, en position verrouillée, à travers cette ouverture dans le rail.  Moreover, the translational stop surface 49 comes in the plane of the front face 32 of the body. This surface 49 is indeed intended to bear against the rail, when the support face 32 is fixed against the rail. The finger then passes, in the locked position, through this opening in the rail.
Le système de verrouillage est fixé au rail par exemple, par vissage ou par collage.  The locking system is fixed to the rail for example by screwing or gluing.
Un élément de fixation latéral 50 permet par ailleurs un maintien contre un rail latéral. Cet élément de fixation latéral 50 se présente sous la forme ergot coopérant avec un alésage réalisé dans le rail latéral. A lateral fastening element 50 also makes it possible to hold against a lateral rail. This fastener lateral 50 is in the form of lug cooperating with a bore made in the side rail.
Les figures 14 et 15 représentent des vues en perspective et en coupe d'une dalle équipée d'un système de verrouillage.  Figures 14 and 15 show perspective and sectional views of a slab equipped with a locking system.
Sur la figure 14, le système de verrouillage est en position verrouillée, avant que l'outil de blocage 13 n'agisse sur la surface d' actionnement 9.  In FIG. 14, the locking system is in the locked position, before the locking tool 13 acts on the actuating surface 9.
Sur la figure 15 l'outil de blocage 13 entraine le doigt 4 en position non verrouillée et bloquée par le cliquet. Lorsque l'outil de blocage est retiré, le système de verrouillage reste alors dans cette position non verrouillée et permet ainsi de retirer la dalle de son cadre de réception .  In Figure 15 the locking tool 13 drives the finger 4 in the unlocked position and blocked by the pawl. When the locking tool is removed, the locking system then remains in this unlocked position and allows to remove the slab from its receiving frame.
L'outil de blocage est inséré dans un trou 24 traversant réalisé dans la plaque de couverture 29 de la dalle et débouchant en face du passage réalisé dans le système de verrouillage. Cette plaque qui constitue l'élément de couverture de la dalle est généralement rigide. Une telle plaque peut être remplacée par un autre élément de couverture tel qu'une feuille souple en matière plastique ou un carré de tissu, l'élément de couverture étant alors fixé au cadre d'insertion de la dalle.  The locking tool is inserted into a through hole 24 formed in the cover plate 29 of the slab and opening in front of the passage made in the locking system. This plate which constitutes the covering element of the slab is generally rigid. Such a plate may be replaced by another covering element such as a flexible sheet of plastic material or a square of fabric, the cover element then being fixed to the insertion frame of the slab.
Dans le cas d'un élément de couverture constitué par un tissu, on peut éviter de faire un trou dans le tissu de couverture, celui-ci étant simplement démonté localement pour le passage de l'outil de blocage.  In the case of a covering element constituted by a fabric, it is possible to avoid making a hole in the covering fabric, the latter simply being disassembled locally for the passage of the locking tool.
L'outil de blocage est poussé ou pivoté par rapport à la dalle pour bloquer le cliquet.  The locking tool is pushed or pivoted relative to the slab to lock the pawl.
L' outil de blocage comprend par exemple une ou plusieurs tiges saillantes pour actionner l'organe de rappel. Une tige saillante de l'outil de blocage est par exemple de forme cylindrique ou en pointe telle qu'une aiguille.  The locking tool comprises for example one or more projecting rods for actuating the return member. A protruding rod of the locking tool is for example of cylindrical or pointed form such as a needle.
Le deuxième organe élastique 16 comprend une dent 51 en saillie vers le doigt 4 coopérant avec la dent 15 du doigt 4 en saillie vers le deuxième organe élastique 16. La dent 51 solidaire du deuxième organe élastique constitue le cliquet.  The second elastic member 16 comprises a tooth 51 projecting towards the finger 4 cooperating with the tooth 15 of the finger 4 projecting towards the second elastic member 16. The tooth 51 integral with the second elastic member constitutes the pawl.
Après que la dalle ait été retirée, l'utilisateur agissant sur la languette 21 à l'extrémité du deuxième organe élastique 16, écarte celle-ci du doigt 4 et débloque le cliquet. Le doigt 4 revient alors dans sa position verrouillée . After the slab has been removed, the user acting on the tongue 21 at the end of the second organ elastic 16 away from the finger 4 and unlock the ratchet. The finger 4 then returns to its locked position.
Le cadre de réception de la dalle comprend des rails en T retournés. La dalle vient en appui contre une plaquette avant du rail de réception, cette plaquette avant étant fixée à la patte du T.  The receiving frame of the slab includes T-shaped rails. The slab bears against a front plate of the receiving rail, this front plate being attached to the leg of the T.
La dalle comprend un cadre d' insertion comprenant des rails en L, référencés 23. Chaque rail 23 en L comprend une portion 25 parallèle à la plaque 29 de couverture de la dalle et deux portions 26 et 27 perpendiculaires à celle-ci. Une première de ces portions 27 est disposée sur le bord de la plaque 29 de couverture et sert pour le positionnement de la dalle par rapport à une rainure 40 réalisée dans le rail de réception. L'autre portion 26 perpendiculaire, en retrait par rapport au bord de la dalle, comprend l'ouverture 22 pour le passage du doigt de verrouillage. Cette autre portion 26 perpendiculaire sert notamment pour la fixation du système de verrouillage.  The slab comprises an insertion frame comprising L-shaped rails, referenced 23. Each L-shaped rail 23 comprises a portion 25 parallel to the plate 29 covering the slab and two portions 26 and 27 perpendicular thereto. A first of these portions 27 is disposed on the edge of the cover plate 29 and serves for the positioning of the slab relative to a groove 40 made in the receiving rail. The other perpendicular portion 26, set back from the edge of the slab, comprises the opening 22 for the passage of the locking finger. This other perpendicular portion 26 serves in particular for fixing the locking system.
Une dalle 2 est représentée à la figure 16 avant son insertion dans un cadre de réception 53. Cette dalle 2 comprend quatre systèmes de verrouillage lb disposés dans les quatre angles internes du cadre d'insertion. Le cadre d'insertion comprend des rails 23 en L tels que décrit en relation avec les figures 14 et 15.  A slab 2 is shown in FIG. 16 before being inserted into a receiving frame 53. This slab 2 comprises four locking systems 1b arranged in the four internal angles of the insertion frame. The insertion frame comprises L-shaped rails 23 as described in connection with FIGS. 14 and 15.
La plaque de couverture de la dalle est par exemple équipée d'une multitude de perçages pour être utilisée comme une dalle du type acoustique.  The cover plate of the slab is for example equipped with a multitude of holes to be used as a slab of the acoustic type.
La figure 17 représente une cloison 31 formée par des dalles 2 maintenues dans des cadres de réception 53. Une telle cloison 31 peut être horizontale pour être constitutive d'un plafond ou d'un plancher. Une telle cloison peut aussi être verticale ou inclinée.  Figure 17 shows a partition 31 formed by slabs 2 held in receiving frames 53. Such a partition 31 may be horizontal to be a constituent of a ceiling or a floor. Such a partition may also be vertical or inclined.
La figure 17 montre une face non visible de la cloison 31. Il apparaît notamment que les rails de réception formant les cadres de réception 53 sont masqués par les dalles du côté de la face apparente de la cloison 31, comme le montrent les traits pointillés correspondant aux bords des dalles. Il doit être évident pour l'homme du métier que la présente invention permet d'autres variantes de réalisation. Par conséquent, les présents modes de réalisation doivent être considérés comme illustrant l'invention définie par les revendications jointes. FIG. 17 shows a non-visible face of the partition 31. It notably appears that the reception rails forming the reception frames 53 are masked by the slabs on the side of the apparent face of the partition 31, as shown by the corresponding dashed lines at the edges of the slabs. It should be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention allows other embodiments. Therefore, the present embodiments should be considered as illustrating the invention defined by the appended claims.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Système de verrouillage (la, lb, le) d'une dalle (2) sur un cadre de réception (53) comprenant :  A locking system (1a, 1b, 1c) of a slab (2) on a receiving frame (53) comprising:
- un corps (3a, 3b) solidaire d'un élément de couverture (29) de la dalle (2) ,  a body (3a, 3b) integral with a covering element (29) of the slab (2),
- un doigt (4) de verrouillage mobile dans un logement réalisé dans le corps (3a, 3b) et destiné à venir en appui sur le cadre de réception dans une position verrouillée,  - A locking finger (4) movable in a housing formed in the body (3a, 3b) and intended to bear against the receiving frame in a locked position,
- un premier organe élastique (5, 47) d'entraînement du doigt (4) dans la position verrouillée, et  a first elastic member (5, 47) for driving the finger (4) in the locked position, and
- un organe de rappel (55a, 55b, 9) du doigt (4) dans une position non verrouillée, contre l'action du premier organe élastique (5, 47 ) ,  - a return member (55a, 55b, 9) of the finger (4) in an unlocked position, against the action of the first elastic member (5, 47),
caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un cliquet (45, 51) de blocage du doigt (4) dans la position non verrouillée, le cliquet étant solidaire d'un deuxième organe élastique (16, 17) relié au corps du système de verrouillage, l'organe de rappel comprenant une surface d' actionnement (8, 9) destinée à être déplacée par l'appui d'un outil de blocage (13) .  characterized in that it comprises a pawl (45, 51) for locking the finger (4) in the unlocked position, the pawl being secured to a second elastic member (16, 17) connected to the body of the locking system, the return member comprising an actuating surface (8, 9) intended to be displaced by the support of a locking tool (13).
2 . Système de verrouillage (la, lb, le) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième organe élastique (16, 17) comprend une languette (20, 21) accessible lorsque la dalle (2) est démontée, agencée de façon à ce qu'une action sur la languette (20, 21) débloque le cliquet et libère le doigt (4) de la position non verrouillée.  2. Locking system (la, lb, le) according to claim 1, characterized in that the second elastic member (16, 17) comprises a tab (20, 21) accessible when the slab (2) is disassembled, arranged to an action on the tongue (20, 21) releases the pawl and releases the finger (4) from the unlocked position.
3. Système de verrouillage (la, lb, le) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps est formé d'une seule pièce avec le deuxième organe élastique (16, 17)  3. Locking system (la, lb, le) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body is formed in one piece with the second elastic member (16, 17)
4. Système de verrouillage (la, lb, le) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps (la, lb) est destiné à être fixé contre le bord d'une ouverture (22) réalisée dans un rail (23) auquel le corps est fixé .  4. Locking system (la, lb, le) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (la, lb) is intended to be fixed against the edge of an opening (22) made in a rail (23) to which the body is fixed.
5. Système de verrouillage (la, lb, le) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le cliquet est positionné de façon à rester débloqué tout le long de la course parcourue par le doigt (4) entre la position verrouillée et des positions intermédiaires d' engagement de la dalle dans son cadre de réception. 5. locking system (la, lb, le) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pawl is positioned to remain unlocked along the stroke traveled by the finger (4) between the position locked and intermediate engagement positions of the slab in its receiving frame.
6. Système de verrouillage (la, lb, le) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps comprend un passage réalisé en vis-à-vis de la surface d' actionnement de l'organe de rappel.  6. Locking system (la, lb, le) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body comprises a passage formed vis-à-vis the actuating surface of the return member.
7. Système de verrouillage (la, lb, le) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de rappel (55a, 55b) comprend un axe (11) pivotant maintenu dans un logement (18) du corps (3a), l'axe (18) étant fixé à au moins un premier bras (12, 46) d'entraînement du doigt (4) contre l'action du premier organe élastique (5) et à au moins un deuxième bras (10, 43) de support de la surface d' actionnement (8), le premier bras étant disposé contre un ergot (19) latéral solidaire du doigt (4) .  7. Locking system (la, lb, le) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the return member (55a, 55b) comprises a pivoting shaft (11) held in a housing (18) of the body (3a), the axis (18) being fixed to at least one first arm (12, 46) for driving the finger (4) against the action of the first elastic member (5) and at least one second arm ( 10, 43) for supporting the actuating surface (8), the first arm being arranged against a lateral lug (19) integral with the finger (4).
8. Système de verrouillage (la, lb, le) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième bras (10, 43) comprend à son extrémité à l'opposé de l'axe pivotant (11), une dent (14) coopérant avec une portion anguleuse (45) constitutive du cliquet solidaire du deuxième organe élastique (17).  8. Locking system (la, lb, le) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the second arm (10, 43) comprises at its end opposite the pivoting axis (11), a tooth (14). ) cooperating with an angular portion (45) constituting the integral pawl of the second elastic member (17).
9. Système de verrouillage (la, lb, le) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième organe élastique (16) est solidaire d'une première dent (51) constitutive du cliquet et destinée à coopérer avec une deuxième dent (15) solidaire du doigt (4), l'organe de rappel (9) étant solidaire du doigt (4).  9. locking system (la, lb, le) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second elastic member (16) is integral with a first tooth (51) constituting the pawl and intended to cooperate with a second tooth (15) integral with the finger (4), the return member (9) being integral with the finger (4).
10. Dalle (2) destinée à être maintenue dans un cadre de réception (53) et comprenant au moins un système de verrouillage (la, lb, le) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9.  10. Slab (2) intended to be held in a receiving frame (53) and comprising at least one locking system (la, lb, le) according to one of claims 1 to 9.
11. Dalle (2) selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un . orifice d'accès à la surface d' actionnement de l'organe de rappel du système de verrouillage (la, lb, le), cet orifice étant agencé de façon à permettre l'insertion de l'outil de blocage (13) qui est ensuite poussé ou pivoté par rapport à la dalle (2) pour amener et bloquer le doigt en position non verrouillée. 11. Slab (2) according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises a. access port to the actuating surface of the locking system return member (1a, 1b, 1c), this opening being arranged to allow insertion of the locking tool (13) which is then pushed or pivoted relative to the slab (2) to bring and lock the finger in the unlocked position.
12. Dalle (2) selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un élément de couverture se présentant sous la forme d'un tissu agencé de façon à permettre l'insertion de l'outil de blocage (13) qui est ensuite poussé ou pivoté par rapport à la dalle (2) pour agir sur la surface d' actionnement de l'organe de rappel du système de verrouillage (la, lb, le) et pour amener et bloquer le doigt en position non verrouillée. 12. Slab (2) according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises a cover element in the form of a fabric arranged to allow the insertion of the locking tool (13) which is then pushed or pivoted relative to the slab (2) to act on the actuating surface of the locking system of the locking device (la, lb, le) and to bring and lock the finger in the unlocked position.
13. Dalle (2) selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des rails en L (23) joints entre eux de façon à former un cadre d'insertion couvrant au moins en partie le cadre de réception (53) de la dalle (2), au moins un des systèmes de verrouillage (la, lb, le) étant disposé dans un angle du cadre d'insertion, ledit système de verrouillage étant fixé aux deux rails (23) formant cet angle.  13. Slab (2) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that it comprises L-shaped rails (23) joined together so as to form an insertion frame covering at least partly the frame of receiving (53) of the slab (2), at least one of the locking systems (1a, 1b, 1c) being disposed in an angle of the insertion frame, said locking system being fixed to the two rails (23) forming this angle.
14. Cloison (31) formée par des dalles (2) selon l'une des revendications 10 à 13, les dalles (2) étant maintenues dans un ou plusieurs cadres de réception (53) .  14. Partition (31) formed by slabs (2) according to one of claims 10 to 13, the slabs (2) being held in one or more receiving frames (53).
EP13725385.2A 2012-04-16 2013-04-15 Ratchet locking system Active EP2839087B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1201118A FR2989395B1 (en) 2012-04-16 2012-04-16 RATCHET LATCH SYSTEM
PCT/FR2013/000103 WO2013156693A1 (en) 2012-04-16 2013-04-15 Ratchet locking system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2839087A1 true EP2839087A1 (en) 2015-02-25
EP2839087B1 EP2839087B1 (en) 2016-06-22

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ID=48534407

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13725385.2A Active EP2839087B1 (en) 2012-04-16 2013-04-15 Ratchet locking system

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EP (1) EP2839087B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2989395B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2013156693A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014213468B4 (en) 2014-07-10 2023-03-09 H4X E.U. Luminaire for a grid ceiling, method of disassembling a luminaire, and disassembly tool
CN110748069B (en) * 2019-10-23 2021-04-20 深圳市桦林达装饰设计工程有限公司 Ceiling mounting structure and construction method
FR3118638B1 (en) 2021-01-04 2023-01-13 Efficienca Slab clip locking system.

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4951443A (en) * 1989-06-06 1990-08-28 Ecolite Manufacturing Co. Ceiling panel and T-rail mounting assembly
DE29604768U1 (en) * 1996-03-14 1996-05-15 Lindner Ag Locking device for a ceiling element
FR2940988A1 (en) * 2009-11-03 2010-07-16 Fabrice Liogier Slab e.g. heat/sound insulation slab, for suspended ceiling, has fixing unit subjected to action of return unit formed of pins, screw and magentizable parts for assuring withdrawal position of fixing unit to release plate

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2013156693A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2989395B1 (en) 2014-09-05
FR2989395A1 (en) 2013-10-18
WO2013156693A1 (en) 2013-10-24
EP2839087B1 (en) 2016-06-22

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