EP2837055B1 - Luftgekühltes wärmeverwaltungssystem für ein hev-batteriepack - Google Patents

Luftgekühltes wärmeverwaltungssystem für ein hev-batteriepack Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2837055B1
EP2837055B1 EP13715589.1A EP13715589A EP2837055B1 EP 2837055 B1 EP2837055 B1 EP 2837055B1 EP 13715589 A EP13715589 A EP 13715589A EP 2837055 B1 EP2837055 B1 EP 2837055B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channels
cooling system
inlet
cooling
coolant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13715589.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2837055A1 (de
Inventor
Kem M. Obasih
Richard M. Dekeuster
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Johnson Controls Technology Co
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Johnson Controls Technology Co
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Publication of EP2837055A1 publication Critical patent/EP2837055A1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6566—Means within the gas flow to guide the flow around one or more cells, e.g. manifolds, baffles or other barriers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to the field of batteries and battery modules. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to an air cooled thermal management system for battery modules that may be used particularly in vehicular contexts, as well as other applications.
  • Vehicles using electric power for all or a portion of their motive power may provide numerous advantages as compared to traditional vehicles powered by internal combustion engines. For example, vehicles using electric power may produce fewer pollutants and may exhibit greater fuel efficiency. In some cases, vehicles using electric power may eliminate the use of gasoline entirely and derive the entirety of their motive force from electric power. As technology continues to evolve, there is a need to provide improved power sources, particularly battery modules, for such vehicles. For example, it is desirable to provide effective cooling to the battery modules to prevent premature aging of individual battery cells within the battery module, while simultaneously minimizing the cost of the battery module. It is also desirable to provide a cooling system design that can utilize cabin air as an effective coolant.
  • DE102008034885 describes a cooling plate using counter-flowing channels having a meander shape.
  • Vehicles using electric power for at least a portion of their motive force may derive their electric power from the multiple individual battery cells packaged into the battery modules.
  • the individual cells may utilize lithium-ion chemistry and may be packaged into prismatic casings.
  • the battery modules may contain the multiple individual cells within a generally rectangular housing. As the individual cells are charged and discharged, they may generate heat due to Joule heating caused by current flowing through the internal resistance of the cells. In addition, the individual cells may be subjected to heating via exothermic chemical reactions occurring within the cells. Further, in some cases, elevated ambient temperatures may add heat to the cells via conduction, convection, and/or radiation. These (and other potential) sources of thermo-electrical, thermo-chemical, and environmental heating may cause increased localized temperatures of the cells.
  • the increase in temperature may be aggravated by the tight packaging of multiple cells within the confined space of the battery module housing. Increased temperatures may increase the rate of chemical reactions, cause physical distortion (e.g., swelling, short circuits, open circuits), that may exponentially age the cells and the battery module. Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide an effective cooling system to draw excess heat away from the module, thereby creating an isothermal temperature distribution along the cells in a module or battery pack to preserve the cells.
  • Typical cooling systems may use a liquid coolant looped from the engine to the battery of the vehicle.
  • liquid coolants may be disadvantageous in vehicular systems, which heavily rely on electronic components. For example, a liquid coolant leak may damage any electronic components contacted.
  • liquid coolants are more dense than air, resulting in increased weight and cost associated with liquid coolant based systems.
  • use of a liquid coolant requires an additional fluid stream within the vehicle, whereas air may be cycled throughout the cabin and the cooling system, reducing the number of fluids circling through the vehicle. Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide a cooling system that effectively uses air to create the isothermal temperature distribution along the cells.
  • the present systems may be adapted to a wide range of settings and may be particularly well suited to vehicles deriving at least a portion of their motive force from electric power. Moreover, the cooling systems may be useful in other applications, such as power storage for alternative energy sources, portable battery modules, and back-up power supplies.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to cooling systems for battery modules having multiple individual battery cells.
  • the cooling system may include a battery pack contained within a thermally conductive housing.
  • the housing may be placed in physical contact with a plurality of heat sink fins to draw away heat generated by the multiple battery cells.
  • a manifold flow distribution system may direct cooling air through the heat sink fins to augment the heat transfer provided by the fins.
  • xEV is defined herein to include vehicles that use electric power for all or a portion of their vehicular motive force, including, but not limited to, the following vehicles.
  • hybrid electric vehicles HEVs
  • HEV hybrid electric vehicles
  • the term HEV may include any variation of a hybrid electric vehicle, such as micro-hybrid and mild hybrid systems, which disable the internal combustion engine when the vehicle is idling and utilize a battery system to continue powering the air conditioning unit, radio, or other electronics, as well as to kick-start the engine when propulsion is desired.
  • a plug-in electric vehicle is any vehicle that can be charged from an external source of electricity, such as wall sockets, and the energy stored in the rechargeable battery packs drives or contributes to drive the wheels.
  • PEVs are a subcategory of electric vehicles that include all-electric or battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), and electric vehicle conversions of hybrid electric vehicles and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles.
  • An electric vehicle (EV) is an all-electric vehicle that uses one or more motors powered by electric energy for its propulsion.
  • Embodiments of the air cooled system may include a manifold flow distribution system.
  • the manifold flow distribution system may be physically contacting a housing of the battery system and may include a plurality of fins arranged within manifolds of the air cooled system. Further, the manifold flow distribution system may direct cool air in a specific manner along the battery system.
  • the cooling system described herein may generate an isothermal temperature distribution along the battery system. Further, the cooling system may isolate the cells from the air flow route, such that in the event of an effluent release from the cells, the air is not contaminated by effluent.
  • the battery systems that include the cooling system may be easily configured for use in xEVs.
  • the xEV may include at least one battery system, and each battery system may include the cooling system to remove excess heat and prevent premature aging of the individual cells within the battery systems. Removing heat from the modules, and consequently the individual cells, may enable the cells to facilitate higher currents without exceeding set temperature limits. Further, the removed heat may be recovered and repurposed for other applications throughout the xEV. For example, the waste heat may be used to warm the passenger compartment or defrost the windshield during cold weather.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle 10 in the form of an automobile (e.g., a car) having a battery system 12 for contributing all or a portion of the motive power for the vehicle 10.
  • the battery system 12 may be constructed from multiple individual cells and may include one or more cooling systems as described above.
  • the type of the vehicle 10 may be implementation-specific, and, accordingly, may differ in other embodiments, all of which are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the vehicle 10 may be a truck, bus, industrial vehicle, motorcycle, recreational vehicle, boat, or any other type of vehicle that may benefit from the use of electric power for all or a portion of its propulsion power.
  • the battery system 12 and battery system accessories illustrated and described herein are particularly directed to providing and/or storing energy in xEVs.
  • embodiments of the battery system 12 having the cooling systems may be utilized in other, non-vehicular applications as well.
  • the battery system 12 is illustrated in FIG. 1 as being positioned in the trunk or rear of the vehicle 10, according to other embodiments, the location of the battery system 12 may differ.
  • the position of the battery system 12 may be selected based on the available space within the vehicle 10, the desired weight balance of the vehicle 10, the location of other components within the vehicle 10, and a variety of other implementation-specific considerations.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a cutaway schematic of the vehicle 10 provided in the form of an HEV.
  • the battery system 12 is provided toward the rear of the vehicle 10 near a fuel tank 14.
  • the fuel tank 14 supplies fuel to an internal combustion engine 16, which is provided for the instances when the HEV utilizes gasoline power to propel the vehicle 10.
  • An electric motor 18, a power split device 20, and a generator 22 are also provided as part of the vehicle drive system.
  • Such an HEV may be powered or driven by only the battery system 12, by only the engine 16, or by both the battery system 12 and the engine 16.
  • each battery system 12 may include a cooling system that removes excess heat generated by the individual cells within a housing of the battery system 12.
  • a basic schematic of a battery system 12 having such a cooling system 30 is illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • the battery system 12 may include multiple individual cells 32 contained within a housing 34 (here, shown simply as a plate for clarity). In actuality, the housing 34 may entirely enclose the multiple cells 32. Although picture in prismatic form, the cells 32 may be cylindrical in alternative embodiments. Further, the housing 34 may accommodate any number of cells 32, as determined by implementation-specific considerations. The cells 32 may be physically contacting the housing 34, such that heat generated by the cells 32 is conductively transferred to the housing 34.
  • the casing of the cells 32 and the housing 34 may be in conductive contact.
  • Such contact may include a thermal gap pad 36 at locations where the cells 32 contact the housing 34.
  • the thermal gap pads 36 may aid in providing an effective thermal interface between the cooling system 30 and the cells 32.
  • the thermal gap pads 36 may create a more homogenous surface topography, resulting in increased surface contact between the cells 32 and the housing 34.
  • the cooling system 30 may be disposed beneath the portion of the housing 34 contacting the cells 32. Particularly, when the cells 32 are in prismatic form, it may be advantageous to place the cooling system 30 directly beneath the battery system 12 due to high thermal conductivity of the cells 32 in the z-direction 40, as opposed to the x-direction 42 and the y-direction 44. For example, the coefficient of thermal conductivity may be approximately 3 to 7 times larger in the z-direction 40 as compared to the x-direction 42 and the y-direction 44.
  • the cooling system 30 may be disposed against any external surface of the housing 34 of the battery system 12. For example, the cooling system 30 may be disposed against a different external surface of the housing 34 due to space constraints within the vehicle 10.
  • the cooling system 30 may include a cover plate 46 having multiple channels 48 within it.
  • the channels 48 may each house a fin section 50.
  • the fin sections 50 may be folded fins, each section 50 formed from a single piece of material with multiple convolutions.
  • the fin sections 50 may be a separate component from the cover plate 46, simply fitting within the channels 48 of the cover plate 46.
  • the fin sections 50 may be attached directly to an external surface of the housing 34 with the cover plate 46 then disposed around the fin sections 50, enclosing them.
  • the channels 48 of the cover plate 46 may also circulate air as a coolant. The addition of the circulating air may provide high cooling rates via increased convective heat transfer from the fin sections 50. Using air as the coolant may aid in reducing weight of the cooling system 30, minimizing cost of the cooling system 30, and simplifying internal systems of the vehicle 10.
  • the cooling system 30, having the separate fin sections 50 and the cover plate 46, may provide a flexible, cost-effective design that may be easily adapted for a variety of battery systems 12.
  • the dimensions of the cover plate 46 may be easily scaled to fit the dimensions of the associated battery system 12. Further, for battery modules 12 that generate more heat, the cooling air may be circulated at a higher speed and/or injected into the channels 48 at a lower temperature. Further, the number and spacing of the fins within the sections 50 may be adjusted to provide optimal heat transfer qualities.
  • FIG. 4 A perspective view of the entire battery system 12 and cooling system 30 is presented in FIG. 4 .
  • the housing 34 completely encloses the battery system 12, such that the cells 32 are completely contained within the housing 34.
  • the cooling air may be isolated from the cells 32, such that effluent from a potential over-pressurization of a cell 32 does not contaminate the cooling air.
  • cabin air from the vehicle 10 may be used as the cooling air, simplifying fluid routes throughout the vehicle 10.
  • the housing 34 may be formed from a thermally conductive material, which enables heat generated by the cells 32 to be drawn away by the cooling system 30.
  • the housing 34 may be constructed from titanium (and alloys), steel, aluminum (and alloys), brass, carbon composites, or another thermally conductive material.
  • the fin sections 50 may be formed from a thermally conductive material, such that they draw heat from the cells 32 via the housing 34.
  • the fin sections 50 may be aluminum (and alloys), copper (and alloys), carbon composites, or another thermally conductive material. Materials may be selected based on implementation-specific considerations, such as cost, weight, availability, thermal conductivity, or a combination thereof.
  • the battery system 12 may include multiple battery modules 60, which may each house multiple cells 32.
  • the battery modules 60 may be arranged within the housing 34 such that the bottoms of the battery modules 60 are in thermally conductive contact with the cooling system 30.
  • heat generated by the cells 32 may be sequentially conducted to the battery module 60, the housing 34, and the fin sections 50.
  • cooling air circulating through the channels 48 may convectively remove heat from the fin sections 50, increasing the overall heat transfer rate from the cells 32.
  • the bottom surface of the cover plate 46 may include fins 62, which may remove heat from the channels 48, enabling the channels 48 to draw more heat away from the cells 32.
  • FIG. 6 An exploded view of the cooling system 30 is depicted in FIG. 6 , detailing the components included in the system 30.
  • the fin sections 50 fit within the channels 48 of the cover plate 46.
  • the cover plate 46 includes eight channels 48 oriented cross-wise to the length of the cover plate 46. Accordingly, each channel 48 includes the fin section 50.
  • the cover plate 46 may include more or fewer channels 48 in different configurations.
  • each channel 48 may include a pair of apertures 70, wherein one aperture 70 acts as a cooling air inlet to the channel 48 and one aperture 70 acts as a cooing air outlet to the channel 48.
  • the apertures 70 are depicted as ellipses, but may have a different geometry in alternative embodiments.
  • a gasket 72 may be disposed between the bottom surface of the housing 34 of the battery system 12 and the cover plate 46.
  • the gasket 72 may include portions 74 that align with walls 76 of the channels 48, such that cooling air does not pass between different channels 48.
  • the gasket 72 may aid in ensuring that the cooling air remains contained within the cooling system 30 and distinctly separate from the cells 32.
  • the cover plate 46 includes an inlet manifold 78 along its length on each side. In this way, flow within the inlet manifolds 78 may be perpendicular to flow within the channels 48.
  • one of the apertures 70 may provide a fluid connection between one of the inlet manifolds 78 and the respective channel 48. Subsequently, the cooling air may exit the channel 48 via the other aperture 70.
  • the inlet manifolds 78 may be supplied with cooling air by an inlet header 80.
  • the inlet header 80 may have an intake orifice 82, where cooling air enters the cooling system 30.
  • the intake orifice 82 may then split the cooling air into two branches 84.
  • Each branch 84 may feed cooling air to one of the inlet manifolds 78.
  • the inlet header 80 may include a fan (not shown) to increase the speed of the cooling air as it travels through the branches 84 and the inlet manifolds 78.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 provide a schematic depiction of the path taken by the cooling air.
  • the cooling air enters the cooling system 30 via the intake orifice 82.
  • the cooling air may then split and traverse the right and left branches 84, depicted by arrows 96. From each branch 84, the cooling air may enter the respective right and left inlet manifolds 78, located along each side of the cooling system 30 (arrows 98).
  • the cooling air flows through one of the apertures 70, specifically, an inlet aperture 100, and into the first channel 102 (arrow 104) on the right side of the cooling system 30.
  • the cooling air proceeds through the first channel 102, from right to left (following arrow 106), travelling parallel to the orientation of the fin sections 50.
  • the cooling air now warmed via convection from the fin sections 50
  • the used air then proceeds to an outlet manifold 112, which conveys the used air out of the cooling system 30 (arrow 114).
  • the outlet manifold 112 may be adjacent to the inlet manifold 78.
  • the cooling air may enter adjacent channels 48 from opposite sides of the cooling system 30, as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • a second channel 120 may have the inlet aperture 100 on the left and the outlet aperture 108 on the right, opposite of the respective apertures 100, 108 in the first channel 102.
  • the cooling air may travel through the left inlet manifold 78 and through the inlet aperture 100 on the left end of the second channel 120 (arrow 122).
  • the cooling air may then flow from left to right, following arrow 124, through the second channel 120.
  • As the cooling air travels through the second channel 120 it convectively removes heat from the fin section 50 contained within the channel 120.
  • the used air then follows arrow 126 into the right outlet manifold 112.
  • the outlet manifold 112 may then direct the warm air out of the cooling system 30.
  • the flow path for all eight channels 48 is depicted in FIG. 9 .
  • the unused cooling air may be represented by the thick arrows, and the used (warmer) air may be represented by the thin arrows.
  • the inlet apertures 100 are arranged such that cooling air enters alternating channels 120, 142, 146, and 150 from the right inlet manifold 78. Accordingly, the remaining channels 102, 140, 144, and 148 receive cooling air from the left inlet manifold 78.
  • the used air exits each channel 48 via the outlet aperture 108. In this way, the flow in each channel 48 is moving in the opposite direction of the flow in adjacent channels 48. As detailed below, this arrangement may balance the flow of the cooling air and the used air to create an isothermal temperature distribution along the cooling system 30.
  • the flow path of the cooling air with respect to the positioning of multiple battery modules 60 is provided in FIG. 10 .
  • the depicted embodiment is shown having eight battery modules 60; however, the cooling system 30 may be adapted for any number of battery modules 60.
  • the battery modules 60 are arranged in pairs along the length of the cooling system 30.
  • each battery module 60 may be positioned over two adjacent channels 48. In this way, each battery module 60 is positioned over a pair of channels 48 in counter-flow (e.g., one channel 48 flows air left to right and the other channel 48 flows air right to left).
  • This arrangement of the battery modules 60 relative to the channels 48 may be desirable to create an isothermal temperature distribution among the battery modules 60. For example, by positioning each battery module 60 such that it encounters counter-flow channels 48, the average temperature under each battery module 60 may be approximately equal, resulting in a negligible temperature differential among the modules 60.
  • each channel 48 receives the cooling air directly, enabling the cooling air to enter each channel 48 at approximately the same temperature. Since each channel 48 receives cooling air at approximately the same temperature, each channel 48 may be able to achieve an approximately equal amount of heat transfer from the battery modules 60, resulting in generally equal temperatures among the battery modules 60.
  • the dimensions of the channels 48 with respect to the inlet manifold 78 may also aid in creating the isothermal temperature distribution by ensuring that each channel 48 receives an adequate amount of cooling air.
  • the cross-sectional area of each inlet manifold 78 may be at least four times the cross-sectional area of each channel 48. In this way, each channel 48 may receive approximately the same amount of cooling air, resulting in even cooling of the battery modules 60.
  • the cooling system 30 may create an isothermal temperature distribution among the battery modules 60 of the battery system 12. In this way, the product life and functionality of the cells 32 within the battery modules 60 may be maintained.
  • a method 160 of operation that may be utilized by the cooling system 30 is outlined in FIG. 11 .
  • the cooling system 30 may inject cooling air into inlet manifolds 78 via the inlet header 80 (block 162). From the inlet manifolds 78, the cooling air may be directed into the channels 48 of the cooling system 30 via inlet apertures 100 (block 164).
  • the channels 48 may be disposed beneath the battery modules 60, such that the cooling air is directed along the battery modules 60 (block 166).
  • heat generated by the cells 32 within the modules 60 may be convectively transferred to the air from the fin sections 50 disposed within the channels 48 (block 168).
  • the used (warm) air may exit each channel 48 via the outlet aperture 108, entering the outlet manifold 112 (block 170).
  • the used air may then be circulated elsewhere through the vehicle 10, such as the cabin for heating or defrosting.
  • the used air may also be re-cooled and cycled through the cooling system 30 repetitively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Kühlsystem (30) für ein Batteriesystem (12), welches Folgendes aufweist:
    - eine Abdeckplatte (46), welche eine im Wesentlichen rechteckige Form aufweist und aus einem leitfähigen Material ausgebildet ist;
    - eine Vielzahl von Kanälen (48), welche innerhalb der Abdeckplatte (46) ausgebildet sind, wobei die Kanäle (48) vollständig innerhalb der Abdeckplatte (46) aufgenommen sind;
    - ein Paar von Einlassverteilern (78), welches dazu ausgebildet ist, ein Kühlmittel in die Kanäle (48) des Kühlsystems (30) zu befördern, wobei das Paar von Einlassverteilern (78) vollständig innerhalb der Abdeckplatte (46) aufgenommen ist; und
    - ein Paar von Auslassverteiler (112), welches dazu ausgebildet ist, das verwendete Kühlmittel aus den Kanälen (48) des Kühlsystems (30) zu befördern, wobei das Paar von Auslassverteilern (112) vollständig innerhalb der Abdeckplatte (46) aufgenommen ist, und
    wobei die Einlassverteiler (78) und die Auslassverteiler (112) sich entlang der Länge der Abdeckplatte (46) erstrecken und der Kühlmittelfluss innerhalb der Kanäle (48) senkrecht zu dem Kühlmittelfluss innerhalb der Einlassverteiler (78) und der Auslassverteiler (112) ist.
  2. Kühlsystem (30) nach Anspruch 1,
    wobei das Kühlmittel Luft ist.
  3. Kühlsystem (30) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    wobei der Kühlmittelstrom innerhalb benachbarter Kanäle (48) im Gegenstrom verläuft.
  4. Kühlsystem (30) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
    welches eine Vielzahl von Rippenbereichen (50) aufweist, welche dazu ausgebildet sind, innerhalb der Vielzahl von Kanälen (48) der Abdeckplatte (46) angeordnet zu werden.
  5. Kühlsystem (30) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
    welches Rippen (62) aufweist, welche sich von einem Boden der Abdeckplatte (46) aus erstrecken.
  6. Kühlsystem (30) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
    wobei jeder Kanal (48) der Vielzahl von Kanälen (48) eine Einlassöffnung (100) und eine Auslassöffnung (108) aufweist, und wobei die Einlassöffnung (100) und die Auslassöffnung (108) an entgegengesetzten Enden von jedem der Kanäle (48) angeordnet sind.
  7. Kühlsystem (30) nach Anspruch 6,
    wobei das Kühlmittel von einem der beiden Einlassverteilern (78) über die jeweilige Einlassöffnung (100) in jeden Kanal (48) der Vielzahl von Kanälen (48) fließt, und wobei das Kühlmittel über die jeweilige Auslassöffnung (108) in einen der beiden Auslassverteilern (112) fließt.
  8. Kühlsystem (30) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
    welches ferner einen Einlasssammler (80) aufweist, welcher dazu ausgebildet ist, das Kühlmittel zu dem Paar von Einlassverteilern (78) zu liefern.
  9. Kühlsystem (30) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
    wobei die Abdeckplatte (46) unter einem Gehäuse eines Batteriesystems (12) angeordnet ist.
  10. Kühlsystem (30) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9,
    welches ferner eine Dichtung (72) aufweist, welche zwischen der Abdeckplatte (46) und dem Gehäuse des Batteriesystems (12) angeordnet ist, wobei die Dichtung (72) dazu ausgebildet ist, das Kühlmittel innerhalb der Abdeckplatte (46) abzudichten.
  11. System (30) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10,
    wobei der Querschnittsbereich von jedem Einlassverteiler (78) mindestens vier Mal so groß ist wie der Querschnittsbereich von jedem der Vielzahl von Kanälen (48).
  12. Verfahren zum Kühlen eines Batteriesystems (12), welches folgende Schritte aufweist:
    - Anordnen eines Kühlsystems (30) in physischen Kontakt mit einem Gehäuse eines Batteriesystems (12);
    - Einspeisen von Kühlluft in das Kühlsystem (30); und
    - Lenken der Kühlluft durch eine Vielzahl von Kanälen (48) des Kühlsystems (30), wobei die Vielzahl von Kanälen (48) angrenzend zu dem Gehäuse des Batteriesystems (12) angeordnet ist, und
    wobei das Kühlsystem (30) Einlassverteiler (78) aufweist, welche dazu ausgebildet sind, um ein Kühlmittel in die Kanäle (48) zu befördern, und Auslassverteiler (112) aufweist, welche dazu ausgebildet sind, das verwendete Kühlmittel aus den Kanälen (48) des Kühlsystems (30) zu befördern, wobei die Einlassverteiler (78) und die Auslassverteiler (112) sich entlang der Länge einer Abdeckplatte (46) erstrecken und wobei der Kühlmittelstrom innerhalb der Kanäle (48) senkrecht zu dem Kühlmittelstrom innerhalb der Einlassverteiler (78) und der Auslassverteiler (112) ist.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12,
    welches ferner folgenden Schritt aufweist: Bereitstellen von Kühlluft in den Kanälen (48), und zwar über einen Einlasssammler (80), welcher mit einem Paar von Einlassverteilern (78) verbunden ist.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 oder 13,
    welches ferner folgenden Schritt aufweist: Strömen der Kühlluft im Gegenstrom in benachbarten Kanälen (48) des Kühlsystems (30).
  15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14,
    welches ferner folgenden Schritt aufweist: Anordnen eines Batteriemoduls des Batteriesystems (12) angrenzend zu einem Paar von Kanälen (48), welche sich im Gegenstrom zueinander befinden.
EP13715589.1A 2012-04-12 2013-04-03 Luftgekühltes wärmeverwaltungssystem für ein hev-batteriepack Active EP2837055B1 (de)

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US201261623338P 2012-04-12 2012-04-12
US13/854,629 US10256514B2 (en) 2012-04-12 2013-04-01 Air cooled thermal management system for HEV battery pack
PCT/US2013/035157 WO2013154886A1 (en) 2012-04-12 2013-04-03 Air cooled thermal management system for hev battery pack

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EP2837055A1 EP2837055A1 (de) 2015-02-18
EP2837055B1 true EP2837055B1 (de) 2017-03-01

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WO2013154886A1 (en) 2013-10-17
CN104364961B (zh) 2018-06-08
US10256514B2 (en) 2019-04-09
US20130273829A1 (en) 2013-10-17
CN104364961A (zh) 2015-02-18
EP2837055A1 (de) 2015-02-18

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