EP2831900A2

EP2831900A2 - Polarized electromagnetic relay and method for production thereof

Info

Publication number: EP2831900A2
Application number: EP13713418.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jens Heinrich; Christian Mueller; Ralf Hoffmann
Original assignee: Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2012-03-30
Filing date: 2013-03-27
Publication date: 2015-02-04
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-27
Also published as: DE102012006436B4; DE102012006436A1; CN104170047B; US9368304B2; JP2015515097A; WO2013144218A3; US20150048909A1; JP5989225B2; EP2831900B1; WO2013144218A2; CN104170047A

Abstract

Polarised relay with an electromagnet, two-pole or three-pole permanent magnet (11), armature (12) and switch (20; 30) mounted in and on a stack-like support component (40). The support component (40) receives magnetic flux parts (7, 8, 9) and the permanent magnet (11) in an upper chamber (41), said permanent magnet being magnetised while the electromagnet is still located outside the support component (40). The electromagnet is then pushed into a drawer (42) in the support component (40) and the remaining parts of the relay are mounted.

Description

Poled electromagnetic relay and procedure to his

manufacturing

description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a method for

Production of a poled electromagnetic relay with eletromagnet, permanent magnet, armature and actuatable

Switch as well as a polarized,

electromagnetic relay. Background of the invention

Bumped, electromagnetic relays are in the design with three-pole permanent magnet (WO 93/23866) and with two-pole permanent magnet (US 4,912,438, US 5,153,543, US 6,670,871 Bl). In any case, the electromagnet has a coil with core and pole shoes in a yoke-shaped construction. In the case of a three-pole permanent magnet is this

Permanent magnet between the two yoke legs above the coil and arranged parallel to the coil axis. This permanent magnet can be separated from a magnetized strip and into the bobbin between the two

Yoke legs are inserted. In the case of a two-pole permanent magnet this is magnetically connected transversely to the coil axis with a pole in about the middle of the old core (US 4,912,438, US 5,153,543).

From US 4,975,666 a polarized, electromagnetic relay is known which has an open-topped base housing, in that an electromagnetic block with coil, core and pole legs as well as, between the pole legs, one

Permanent magnet, and on the pole leg, a

Armature block with anchor and switch elements are mounted. The construction does not allow the between the

Pole permanent magnets located in an unmagnetized ferromagnetic precursor

To generate magnetization, because the coil would be damaged by too strong, induced currents.

From DE 195 20 220 Cl is another gepoltes

Electromagnetic relay known in which the coil, together with two ferromagnetic yokes and a permanent magnet interposed therebetween from above in a

Basic body joined and fixed with potting compound. Magnetization from an unmagnetized precursor in the installed state is not possible.

It is already a relay with two-pole permanent magnet known (US 6,670,871 Bl), which is parallel to

Coil axis extends. The plate-shaped permanent magnet with poles at the top and bottom is received in an anchor plate. The electromagnet is accommodated in a two-part housing, which has a trough-shaped lower part and a box-shaped upper part, on which the fixed contacts of the switches and the rotary supports for the armature are located. The movable contact springs are embedded in the insulating anchor plate. A recess in the anchor plate serves to receive the two-pole permanent magnet. Whether the permanent magnet in the

Anchor plate is magnetized embedded, is not disclosed in the Scriptures. The disadvantage is certainly the large distance of the bipolar permanent magnet from the core of the electromagnet, resulting in a large,

ferromagnetic-free path in the closed

Magnetic flux path yields what a large magnetic

Resistance in each position of the anchor results.

To implement small built polarized relays, one needs very strong permanent magnets. Such strong permanent magnets are available with shares of rare earths. However, because of the strong attractive forces between the magnets, their handling from a supply of individual magnets is difficult, not only in terms of adhering the magnets to one another, but also keeping chips and dust particles clear of the pole faces during installation. From a technological point of view it is better to use a piece of material made of an unmagnetised ferromagnetic alloy and to "magnetize" the "precursor" after installation in the relay. However, magnetization in place with high field strengths entails the risk that other components of the magnetic system of the relay will be damaged, in particular the coil of the relay

Electromagnets due to strong, induced voltages and currents.

Brief description of the invention

The invention is based on the object, the

Magnetize permanent magnets of a polarized relay without endangering other relay parts. According to the invention with a separate design of the components of the relay in connection with particular

Manufacturing steps worked so that the

Magnetization of the permanent magnet succeeds without being subject to the risk of damaging the coil of the electromagnet.

Specifically, as a component of the relay, a

Coil assembly with coil, core and pole pieces

provided, and also a support member in which magnetic flux parts of the magnetic system of the relay are included, including the pole pieces of the electromagnet and a bearing piece of the armature. These magnetic flux parts are made of soft iron and are made by high

Magnetic field strengths not damaged. In the course of

Magnetic flux parts becomes a one-piece or two-piece permanent magnet precursor into the support member

unmagnetized, ferromagnetic alloy incorporated, which results by magnetization of the permanent magnet. The carrier component still has a receiving space, in which the separately manufactured coil assembly, the

represents sensitive part of the electromagnet, is inserted and mounted after magnetization of the permanent magnet. Thereafter, the remaining relay components are assembled to complete the relay, including the switch operated by the relay.

The invention also relates to a poled

electromagnetic relay, comprising an electromagnet, a pole assembly with magnetic flux parts and with a

Permanent magnet, a support member and an anchor comprises. The electromagnet comprises a coil assembly, with the coil, core and pole shoes as a unit

is designed. The carrier component is preferably

storied and comprises a top cavity as a receiving space for the pole assembly with the magnetic flux parts and the magnetized permanent magnet and a central insertion compartment as a receiving space for the

Coil assembly. The armature of the relay is relative to

Electromagnet pivotally mounted on the support member and is connected to the movable switch elements.

With this design, small and narrow, polarized relays high sensitivity can be produced. By modifying component parameters, various functions of polarized relays can be realized.

Further details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of two embodiments with reference to the drawings and the claims.

Brief description of the drawings

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first

Embodiment of a relay obliquely from above a longitudinal side and a narrow side with the housing cover removed a longitudinal section through the relay of the first embodiment, 3 is a perspective view of a support member obliquely from above and on a longitudinal side and an end face,

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a

Coil assembly,

Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the items of

Relay of the first embodiment,

Fig. 6 shows a second embodiment of the relay in

perspective view,

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section through the relay of Fig. 6, and

8 is an exploded view of the items of

Relay of Fig. 6.

Detailed description of the invention

The electromagnetic relay is made up of a magnet system and a switch system, which

Housing components are held together and protected. The magnet system includes an electromagnet consisting of a coil assembly 10 (FIG. 4) and pole pieces (FIG. 2). The coil assembly 10 comprises a wound on a bobbin 5 coil 1, a ferromagnetic core 2 and ferromagnetic pole pieces 3 and 4, which form a structural unit. The core 2 is integrally connected to one of the two pole pieces 3, 4 or both pole shoes. To the magnet system belong still Magnetic flux parts 7, 8, 9, a permanent magnet 11 and an armature 12. The magnetic flux parts 7 and 8 form the pole pieces of the electromagnet. The magnetic flux part 9 forms

Bearing piece for the here designed as a rocker armature armature 12. The permanent magnet 11 of the first embodiment is bipolar and between the pole piece 7 and the

Magnetic flux part 9 is arranged, while between the parts 8 and 9 is a magnetic flux interruption. It is also possible the arrangement of permanent magnet and

To exchange magnetic flux gap. Important is the

Alignment of the poles of the permanent magnet to the pole piece 7 or 8 and the magnetic flux part 9. The magnetic flux parts 7, 8, 9 and the permanent magnet 11 form a pole assembly. In the illustrated embodiment (Fig. 4) is a

Terminal block 6 connected to the coil assembly 10, which is not necessary in the context of the invention. Of the

Terminal block 6 comprises switching signal pins 15, 16 with Abbiegeschenkeln 15 a, 16 a for immediate

Connection to the coil ends of the coil 1. A

Test contact pin 25 is formed cranked and can be clamped between terminal block 6 and pole piece 3. The component shown in Fig. 4 is designed to be in a draw-like-like receiving space 42 of a

storey support member 40 (Figure 3) to be slid in and mounted. For this purpose, the drawer 42 has two cavity extensions 43 and 44 in order to receive and position the connection block 6 in addition to the coil assembly 10. The storey-like carrier component 40 is also responsible for receiving the pole assembly, that is to say the magnetic flux parts 7, 8, 9 and the permanent magnet 11. For this purpose, a niche-divided, anchor-side receiving space 41 is provided. The parts 7, 8, 9 and 11 are fixed by embedding in the support member 40. There are different ones

Embedding method, for example

Overmolding, gluing, pressing in. On the top of the support member 40, a fixed contact 21 is still provided, which is in electrical connection with a connecting pin 26 which is also secured in the support member 40 by embedding.

The switch system includes a diagnostic switch 20 and at least one load switch 30. The diagnostic switch 20 includes the fixed contact 21 and a movable contact 22 which is mounted as a double contact on the forked end of a contact spring 23. The contact spring 23 is fixed to the leg 12 a of the armature 12 and is actuated by this. The movable contact 22 establishes the electrical connection with the terminal pin 25.

In a modified embodiment of the invention, the test contact pin 25 is embedded in the carrier component 40 parallel to the test contact pin 26

(Not shown) and there are two separate fixed contacts on top of the support member 40 is provided. In this embodiment, the end of the contact spring 23 is used as a bridge contact for closing the switch 20. The load switch 30 comprises a fixed contact 31 and a movable contact 32 which sits on a contact spring 33 which is attached via a busbar 34 to the support member 40 and beyond with a

Load terminal pin 35 is in electrical connection. The fixed contact 31 is connected to a further load terminal pin 36 in a conductive connection. The actuation of the contact spring 33 via an electrically insulating coupling member 37, the upper end of which is mechanically connected to the second leg 12 b of the armature 12. The mechanical connection can be made via an overstroke spring 38, as shown, or by direct connection of the ends of the rocker armature 12 and the coupling member 37. The armature 12 has in addition to its two legs 12a and 12b still a curved bearing part 12c, with the anchor on the built as a bearing piece magnetic flux part 9 is seated. Depending on the function type of the relay (monostable, bistable), the legs 12a, 12b of the armature 12 have different lengths and are held with different pole gap widths by spring forces. Such spring forces are generated by the contact spring 23, the overstroke spring 38 (if present) and the contact spring 33. The contact spring 23 is riveted to the leg 12a of the anchor and has

Spring extensions 23a and 23b and a fastening tab

23c, which is welded in a certain angular position between the armature 12 and pole surface 7 on the bearing piece 9. The overstroke spring 38 is similarly riveted to the leg 12b and also has spring extensions 38a, 38b and a mounting tab 38c on the bearing piece. 9

is welded. In addition to the force of the contact spring 33, it is mainly the torsional forces of the spring legs 23b and 38b, which are responsible for the overall spring behavior of the relay.

In addition to the spring forces also plays the magnetic

Attraction on the anchor 12 a role, whether a

monostable or a bistable relay is obtained. For the forces of attraction on the legs 12a, 12b of the armature, the strength of the permanent magnet 11 and the sizes of the pole faces of the pole pieces 7, 8 play a role. If the magnetic attraction in one end position of the armature is greater than the force acting in the lifting direction spring force and in the other end position, the magnetic attraction less than the lifting force of the springs, then there is a monostable relay. If, on the other hand, the magnetic

Attraction force in both end positions of the armature is greater than the effective spring force in the lifting direction, there is a bistable relay.

While the support member 40 is the main element of the housing, there is still a housing bottom 50 and a housing cover 60. As shown in FIG

Carrier member 40 on its front side visible there on a guide 46 for guiding the insulating coupling member 37. This guide and the top of the relay is mounted by the housing cover 60 of FIG. 1

Relay covered. Along the underside of the support member 40 extends a shallow cavity 45 (Fig. 2) which is adapted to receive the load contact spring 33 and its

Movement margin is used and is delimited by the housing bottom 50 down. In the bottom part 50 is the

Load contact pin 36 is inserted and riveted by means of the fixed contact 31 with the bottom part. On the top of the housing cover 60 may be a

Switch to change the position of the armature 12 by hand.

With Figs. 6, 7 and 8, a second embodiment of the invention is shown. Similar components to the first embodiment are assigned the same reference numerals. The basic structure of the relay according to the second embodiment follows the first embodiment, and therefore corresponding parts of description will not be repeated and only the differences will be discussed.

In the second embodiment of the relay is the

Permanent magnet 11 made of two sections IIa and IIb and with an interposed magnetic flux part 9 made of soft iron and forms a three-pole permanent magnet. The section IIa has the stronger coercive force

opposite to the section IIb. The two sections IIa and IIb have the same direction to the magnetic flux part 9

Polarity, so either there are both formed as a South Pole or North Pole, while to the outer ends of the relay out then the total of three-pole

Permanent magnet shows 11 north poles or south poles. The magnetic flux part 9 imparts the adjacent polarity, for example, south pole when the permanent magnet points out north pole, and north pole when the permanent magnet faces south pole outside. In the second embodiment, the bearing of the armature 12 is modified relative to the first embodiment by a cross spring 39, the mounting of the armature 12 on the Magnetic flux part 9 takes over. The cross spring 39 has tabs 39a, with which it is connected to the magnetic flux part 9 by welding, also a torsion bar 39b and transverse to a support tabs 39c for supporting the armature 12. On the cross spring 39 can still be another tab 39d attached, the is used to dampen the impact of the armature 12 on the magnetic flux part 8 and at the same time it is tensioned, which is useful in the subsequent switching of the armature 12, since the armature is then more easily detached from the magnetic flux part 8. The cross spring 39 acts as

Torsion spring, d. H. there is no bearing friction and the hysteresis losses of the spring 39 are very small.

As a further variant, the second embodiment has a one-piece design of contact spring 23 and overstroke spring 38. The contact spring 23 is electrically conductive and connected to the electrically conductive armature 12, which in turn via the electrically conductive spring 39 with the cross

electrically conductive magnetic flux part 9 is connected, which in turn in electrically conductive connection with the

Test contact pin 25 is.

To adapt the adhesive force of the armature 12 at the leg 12b to the magnetic flux part 8, an intermediate piece 8a made of sheet metal or plastic is still provided. Because of the

different lengths of the legs 12a, 12b of the armature 12 are in fact the Abhebekräfte exerted there

different, which is somewhat offset by the interposition of part 8a.

The polarized electromagnetic relay is manufactured and assembled in a novel way. The in Fig. 5 and FIG. 8 are partially assembled into assemblies, including those shown in FIG. 4

shown coil assembly 10. This coil assembly comprises at least the coil 1, the core 2 and the

Pole shoes 3 and 4. In the illustrated embodiment, there is still a bobbin 5, on which a

Terminal block 6 is flanged over which the

Connections of the coil ends to the terminal pins 15, 16 run.

The individual parts shown in FIGS. 5 and 8 also comprise a carrier component 40, which is adapted in accordance with the invention to the manufacturing method of the relay. The

Carrier component 40 namely contains an armature-side

Receiving space 41 for the magnetic flux parts 7, 8, 9 and the permanent magnet 11 and a further Schubfachartigen receiving space 42 for the coil assembly 10. Die

Magnetic flux parts 7, 8 and 9 and the permanent magnet 11 may be referred to as a pole assembly because they present to the armature 12 two outer poles and a center pole. The pole assembly is mounted in the receiving space 41 of the support member 40 and fixed, for example, by molding.

It is a special feature of the invention that during assembly of the pole assembly is not a finished

Permanent magnet is mounted, but a permanent magnet precursor of unmagnetized, ferromagnetic alloy with rare earth share. Such precursor magnets can with extremely high coercive forces

For this purpose, a very strong magnetic field must be applied which magnetizes the precursor magnet in the desired direction you have to place a coil around the pole assembly to produce the required field strength. You can do that in the

installed state of the pole assembly in the receiving space 41 of the support member 40 accomplish. It should be noted that the receiving space 42 for the coil assembly 10 may remain empty. This avoids that a high voltage with a strong electric current in the

Coil assembly developed, which could lead to their damage.

When magnetizing the pole assembly, consideration must be given to the type of permanent magnet to be produced. If a one-piece two-pole permanent magnet is to be produced, which corresponds to the first embodiment of the relay, the described procedure is sufficient. If, however, a three-pole permanent magnet through

Magnetization is to be generated, you go in

modified way. Two precursor magnet sections IIa, IIb are used on both sides of the middle one

Magnetic flow part 9 and in contact with the adjacent

Magnetic flux parts 7 and 8. One of these precursor magnetic sections, here the section IIa, consists of a more magnetizable alloy compared to the other section IIb. The stronger magnetizable portion IIa can also be made smaller than the weaker one

magnetizable section IIb. After mounting the

Pole assembly approximately in the order of the parts 7, IIa, 9, IIb and 8 in the receiving space 41 of the support member 40 is a magnetization in a certain direction

made as it corresponds to the stronger partial permanent magnet IIa. Then one of the original

Magnet direction opposed, but weaker Magnetic field applied to the pole assembly, this weaker magnetic field is not sufficient to re-magnetize the partial permanent magnet IIa, but is sufficient, the weaker partial permanent magnet IIb

umzumagnetisieren. This has the consequence that at the middle magnetic flux part 9 of the same pole

face. In this way, one obtains a total permanent magnet 11 with two poles of the same name on the outside, that is to say effective as pole pieces

Magnetic flux parts 7 and 8, and an opposite pole on the central magnetic flux part 9. This structure forms a three-pole permanent magnet.

After the manufacture of the permanent magnet 11, the coil assembly 10 can be safely mounted in the drawer-like receiving space 42.

There are now the other items for

Completion of the relay mounted. These include the armature 12 with its springs 23, 28 and 39, the load switch 30 together with the coupling member 37 and the housing parts 50 and 60th

With the new relay, many functionalities of a polarized relay can be realized by the size, arrangement and parameters of individual components

be modified. Strong permanent magnets can be used without complications in the assembly of the relay, by the permanent magnet is obtained by magnetization in the support member, since this at the time of magnetization no

vulnerable components, such as the solenoid coil contains. The relays can be built very small, since one

Permanent magnets can produce with high coercive force.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above-described embodiments are to be read by way of example, and that the invention is not limited thereto, but that it can be varied in many ways without departing from the scope of the claims. Furthermore, the features, whether disclosed in the specification, claims, figures, or otherwise, also individually define essential components of the invention, even if described together with other features.

Claims

claims

1. Method for producing a poled

electromagnetic relay with electromagnet,

Permanent magnet (11), armature (12) and actuatable switch (20, 30), comprising the steps of:

a) providing a coil assembly (10) comprising a coil (1) with a core (2) and pole shoes (3, 4) as a structural unit;

b) providing a carrier component (40) with an armature-side receiving space (41) for a pole assembly (7, 8, 9, 11) and a slide-type receiving space (42) for the coil assembly (10);

c) mounting the pole assembly (7, 8, 9, 11) with

Magnetic flux parts (7, 8, 9) and with unmagnetized

Precursor permanent magnets in the armature side

Receiving space (41);

d) magnetization of the precursor permanent magnet within the pole assembly with empty insertion compartment (42) to obtain the permanent magnet (11);

e) mounting the coil assembly (10) in the

slide-type receiving space (42);

f) Assembly of the other relay components to complete the relay.

2. Method according to claim 1, for providing a three-pole permanent magnet (11),

wherein step c) the assembly of two unequal strong

magnetizable precursor magnet sections (IIa, IIb) between three magnetic flux parts (7, 8, 9) of the pole assembly (7, 8, 9, 11), and

wherein step d) comprises the following substeps: dl) magnetizing both precursor magnet sections (IIa, IIb);

d2) remagnetization of the weaker precursor magnetic section (IIb) in such a way that poles of the same name of the magnetized sections (IIa, IIb) are located opposite the magnetic flux section (9) separating them.

3. A buried electromagnetic relay comprising:

- A support member (40), the storied one

Ankerseitigen receiving space (41), a drawer-like receiving space (42) and a load contact side

Receiving space (45);

a pole assembly (7, 8, 9, 11) comprising magnetic flux parts (7, 8, 9) forming a central magnetic flux part (9) and pole pieces (7, 8) on both sides, and a permanent magnet (11) between at least one of Pole pieces and the

central magnetic flux part (9), wherein the pole assembly (7, 8, 9, 11) in the armature - side receiving space (41) of the

Carrier component (40) is received;

- A coil assembly (10) having a coil (1) with core

(2) and pole shoes (3, 4) as a structural unit and forms parts of an electromagnet and is received in the drawer-like receiving space (42);

- An armature (12) which is pivotally mounted on the pole assembly (7, 8, 9, 11) and relative to this and with movable switch elements (23, 33) is connected.

4. Relay according to claim 3,

wherein the load contact side receiving space (45) of the

Carrier component (40) houses a load switch (30) and is closed by a housing bottom (50).

5. Relay according to claim 4, wherein the housing bottom (50) at least one fixed contact (31) of the load switch (30) and, together with the carrier component (40), terminal pins (15, 16, 25, 26, 35, 36).

6. Relay according to one of claims 3 to 5,

wherein the electromagnet comprises a U-shaped yoke (2, 3, 4) with adjacent pole pieces forming magnetic flux parts (7, 8),

wherein the armature (12) is formed as a rocker armature with a first and a second leg (12a, 12b), which is supported on a central magnetic flux part (9) and each with one of its legs (12a, 12b), together with the central magnetic flux part (9) and in each case one of the pole pieces as effective magnetic flux parts (7, 8), a

forms a closed, magnetic gap poor magnetic flux path, and wherein each of the legs (12a, 12b) a movable contact (22, 32) of a respective switch (20, 30) is actuated.

7. Relay according to claim 6,

wherein a first, as a diagnostic switch (20) usable

Switch of a fixed contact (21) on the support member (40) and a movable contact (22) on a first

Contact spring (23) which is fixed to the first leg (12a) of the rocker armature (12), and wherein a second, as a load switch (30) usable switch from a fixed contact (31) on the housing bottom (50) and a movable contact (32) is formed on a second contact spring (33) which is in mechanical connection via an electrically insulating coupling member (37) with the second leg (12b) of the rocker armature (12).

8. Relay according to claim 7,

wherein the support member (40) has a guide (46) for the insulating coupling member (37), and wherein a

Housing cover (60) encloses the support member (40) with overlap of the housing bottom (50).

9. Relay according to one of claims 3 to 8,

wherein the permanent magnet (11) is integral with one pole adjacent to the central magnetic flux portion (9) and the other pole adjacent to one of the magnetic flux effective portions (7, 8).

10. Relay according to one of claims 3 to 8,

wherein the permanent magnet (11) forms two sections (IIa, IIb) which face with like poles on the central magnetic flux part (9) to form a total of a three-pole permanent magnet (11).

11. Relay according to claim 10,

one of the cuts (IIa) being a stronger one

Coercive force over the other part (IIb) has.

12. Relay according to claim 11,

wherein the portion (IIa) having the stronger coercive force occupies a smaller volume than the portion (IIb) having the weaker coercive force.