EP2826608B1 - Procédé de moulage de matière pâteuse et moule pour matière pâteuse - Google Patents

Procédé de moulage de matière pâteuse et moule pour matière pâteuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2826608B1
EP2826608B1 EP13177068.7A EP13177068A EP2826608B1 EP 2826608 B1 EP2826608 B1 EP 2826608B1 EP 13177068 A EP13177068 A EP 13177068A EP 2826608 B1 EP2826608 B1 EP 2826608B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
kneadable material
distance
kneadable
arm
mould
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13177068.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2826608A1 (fr
Inventor
Mattheus Cornelis Martinus Van Leest
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vanleema BV
Original Assignee
VANLEEMA BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VANLEEMA BV filed Critical VANLEEMA BV
Priority to EP13177068.7A priority Critical patent/EP2826608B1/fr
Publication of EP2826608A1 publication Critical patent/EP2826608A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2826608B1 publication Critical patent/EP2826608B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
    • B28B11/10—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads by using presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/003—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles the shaping of preshaped articles, e.g. by bending

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of moulding kneadable material and a mould for kneadable material destinated to produce thin clay strips for wall cladding and other materials.
  • first bricks are made and the stone strips are made from the bricks.
  • sand is deposited in a mould.
  • the mould has a bottom, 2 sidewalls, 2 end walls and an opening for entry and release of the clay and is approximately 230 mm long, 115 mm wide and 55 mm high.
  • the sidewalls are approximately 230 mm long and 55 mm high.
  • the end walls are approximately 115 mm wide and 55 mm high.
  • a quantity of clay is rolled through sand or sawdust and thrown into the sanded mould.
  • the clay When the clay is thrown into the mould, the clay deforms and obtains an irregular structure on the sides parallel to the throwing direction, i.e. on the sides facing the sidewalls and the end walls.
  • the side of the clay facing the bottom of the mould and the side facing the opening do not obtain the desired irregular shape.
  • the side facing the bottom is shaped as the bottom. This means that there are two surfaces facing the approximately 230 mm by 55 mm sidewalls which obtain an irregular surface and also two other sides facing the approximately 115 mm by 55 mm end walls that have that same irregular surface.
  • the clay will shrink about 5% - 15 %, such that the dried clay will have dimensions of approximately 210 mm by 100 mm by 50 mm. Most of the sand and/or saw dust will be released from the sides of the clay brick. Then the dried clay is heated in an oven. An oven can be a kiln. Any present sawdust will be burnt in the oven and any sand still sticking to the outside of the clay will drop of, which leaves a special irregular surface structure.
  • each sidewall corresponds to 2 stone strips.
  • the approximately 210 mm long side together with the 100 mm long side are cut of in an angled piece.
  • the dimensions of the mould cannot be adapted to the desired dimensions of the stone strips, as the dimensions of the stone strips are such that releasing the clay from the narrow mould by flipping the mould would in many cases deform the clay tablet and the clay tablet would be unusable for producing a stone strip.
  • the clay tablet will deform easily when it sticks to the mould and is pushed out because the moulded clay tablet with dimensions for a stone strip is thinner than for a brick. The deformation leads to unusable strips.
  • JP-A-2000 343 519 discloses a method of moulding kneadable material for producing building products in accordance with the preamble of claim 1. It furthermore discloses a combination of a mould and a kneadable material in accordance with the preamble of claim 6.
  • the moveable plate does not apply pressure to the kneadable material before the side press presses against the kneadable material. Because the side press presses the kneadable material against the third surface the stresses in the kneadable material will cause the kneadable material to wrinkle in the open space between the kneadable material and the second surface. On applying pressure by the side press, the wrinkles will be pushed against the moveable plate which will push the support and the moveable plate away from each other. Because the moveable plate and support are pushed away from each other to a second distance, the desired surface irregularities are obtained. The maximum thickness of the kneadable material product is determined by the second distance so that the thickness is controlled.
  • the clay tablet can be covered with sand, sawdust, water or another loose material.
  • sand, sawdust, water or another loose material When the clay tablet is moulded and the wrinkles are formed, the loose material will fall into those wrinkles. As a result, the loose material will keep the wrinkles despite the counter force of the moveable plate, which would otherwise flatten the wrinkles.
  • the final appearance of the moulded clay will depend on whether loose material is used, the counter pressure of the movable plate, the plasticity of the clay, the amount of clay, the humidity of the clay used and so forth.
  • the method comprises cutting the kneadable material at a first position in a third direction and a second position in the third direction, the third direction being perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction.
  • the kneadable material is cut at the first position and the second position, the kneadable material obtains a fixed dimension which is convenient for the remainder of the production process. In the case of manufacturing a building product, this is advantageous as well for the use of the building product during building activities.
  • the cutting movement is in the second direction.
  • the method comprises cutting the kneadable material with a first arm and a second arm of the side press.
  • the cutting action is performed by the same movement as the pressing movement of the side press, which contributes to using only a few moving parts which contributes to easy maintenance. Moreover, once the cutting action is completed, the first arm and second arm are pulled away from the kneadable material without requiring further moving components with obviously similar advantages.
  • the kneadable material is clay and the method is used for producing building products such as stone strips.
  • the method can also be used with other kneadable material, than clay, to produce strips of another material, for example plastic strips having a hand moulded look.
  • the moveable plate does not apply pressure to the kneadable material before the side press presses against the kneadable material. Because the side press presses the kneadable material against the third surface, the stresses in the kneadable material will cause the kneadable material to wrinkle in the open space between the kneadable material and the second surface. On applying pressure by the side press, the wrinkles will be pushed against the moveable plate. Because the moveable plate and support are pushed away from each other to a second distance, the maximum thickness and density of the kneadable material product is controlled.
  • the side press comprises an arm (8,9) protruding toward the third surface (71) from the forth surface (61), wherein the arm is arranged to cut the kneadable material while the side press moves to press against the kneadable material.
  • the arm protrudes toward the third surface from the forth surface and is aligned with it, it cuts the kneadable material when the side press is moved in the second direction.
  • the maximum height of the arm in the first direction is equal to the first distance.
  • the arm had a height less than or equal to the first distance, the arm can be moved in between the first surface and the second surface. This is advantageous as the moveable plate can be larger than the moulded product and does not require exchanging when the desired size of the moulded kneadable material changes. As it is equal to the first distance, excess kneadable material may escape between the arm and the moveable plate.
  • kneadable material is prepared for moulding in a kneading section.
  • the kneadable material may be clay for producing stone strips or other building products.
  • a dosing hopper unit This unit is arranged to receive the kneaded kneadable material and to provide a dose of the kneaded kneadable material in the form of a tablet to a conveyor belt.
  • the conveyor belt transports the tablet to a mould.
  • the tablet (5) may be sprinkled before being placed on a first surface (21) or at least before being moulded to further influence the shape of irregularities of the surface of the tablet (5).
  • a clay tablet for a stone strip it may be sprinkled with sand, or wood or water.
  • the fist direction will be used interchangeably with the z-direction, the second direction interchangeably with the y-direction and the third direction interchangeably with the x-direction.
  • the mould (1) comprises a support (2) with the first surface (21) ( figure 1 ).
  • the first surface may be the surface of the conveyor belt.
  • the first surface is advantageously perpendicular a first direction (the z direction in the figure) and this first direction is advantageously parallel to the force of gravity.
  • the first surface can support the kneaded kneadable material (5) as provided by the dosing hopper unit.
  • the mould (1) further comprises a movable plate (3) comprising a second surface (31).
  • the moveable plate (3) is suspended from a positioner (4).
  • the positioner (4) is arranged to position the moveable plate (3) at a first distance from the first surface in a next step of the moulding process. This first distance is larger than the thickness of the tablet (5), which means that the moveable plate (3) is suspended above the kneadable material.
  • the settings of the positioner are adaptable and the first distance can be varied by an operator.
  • the mould (1) further comprises a side press (6) arranged to press the tablet (5) of kneadable material against a third surface (71) of a wall (7).
  • the side press (6) is pressed towards the wall (7) by a push rod (62).
  • the direction along which the side press (6) is moved i.e. the second direction (the y-direction in figure 1 ), is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the third surface is perpendicular to the second direction as is the forth surface (61) of the side press facing the third surface.
  • the positioner (4) exerts a force lower than the force exerted by the push rod (62). At a threshold force, the second surface (31) is pushed away from the first surface (21) by the kneadable material (not shown). The positioner (4) can be pushed away to travel a maximum distance which in combination with the first distance corresponds to a second distance between the first surface (21) and the second surface (31). At the maximum distance, the positioner (4) stops.
  • the force exerted by the positioner and the speed at which it is advanced can be varied by an operator for optimizing the shape of the irregularities in the kneadable material and to adapt to different process conditions such as differences in the composition of the kneadable material material.
  • the push rod (62) is advanced until the forth surface (61) of the side press is at a sideways distance from the third surface (71) of the wall corresponding to the desired width of the product to be made from the kneadable material, for instance 40, 50, 52, 65, 71 mm for a stone strip.
  • the side press comprises a first arm (8) and a second arm (9) ( figure 3).
  • Figure 3 shows the side press in a position before applying pressure to the tablet (5).
  • the first arm and the second arm protrude from the forth surface (61) towards the wall (7) and hence toward the third surface (71).
  • the first arm (8) and the second arm (9) are on opposite sides of the forth surface (61) and have a length corresponding to the sideways distance. Together with the forth surface (61) the first arm (8) and the second arm (9) define a U-shaped form.
  • first arm (8) and the second arm (9) While being pressed towards the wall (7), the first arm (8) and the second arm (9) cut through kneadable material of the tablet (5) to produce a moulded product with the length determined by the distance between the first arm (8) and the second arm (9).
  • the positions where the moulded tablet (5) is cut to length are indicated by dashed lines.
  • the second surface (31) is larger than the U-shaped form defined by the first arm (8), the second arm (9) and the forth surface (61) so that the kneadable material facing the second surface (31) is subjected to the same process conditions as much as possible, leading to a homogeneous irregular structure on the surface of the kneadable material.
  • the wall may be higher than the height of the forth surface (61), for instance higher than the combined height of the forth surface (61) and the thickness of the moveable plate (3) .
  • the height of the forth surface (61), i.e. its dimension in the z-direction, is typically between 6 and 25 mm. This height corresponds to the desired thickness of the moulded clay tablet.
  • the desired dimensions of the moulded clay tablet also determine the minimum dimensions of the mould further.
  • the moulded clay tablet typically is 190, 210 or 240 mm long and 40, 50, 52, 65, 71 mm wide. Here the length is in the x-direction and the width is in the y-direction.
  • the moveable plate (3) may be larger than 240 mm in x-direction and 71 mm in y-direction to be useable for any combination of the above dimensions of the moulded clay tablet.
  • the wall, the moveable plate and the side press may be from metal such as stainless steel, wood, gypsum or a suitable plastic or a combination of such materials.
  • the forth surface is a surface of a pressure wall (63) and the first arm (8) and the second arm (9) are rotably attached to the pressure wall (63).
  • the side press (6) comprises rotation means to rotate the first arm (8) and the second arm (9) when the cutting operation has ended. This prevents that the kneadable moulded product sticks to the first arm or second arm when unloading the moulded tablet (5).
  • the rotation means are also arranged to rotate the arms back into cutting position before the side press (6) is used to cut a new tablet(5).
  • the side press (6) is returned to its original position further away from the wall (7) and the moveable plate (3) is returned to the loading position at which the distance of the second surface to the first surface is larger than the second distance (and hence the first distance).
  • a cutting wire may be run between the wall (7) and the moulded tablet. For the same reason a cutting wire may be run between the first surface (21) and the moulded tablet (5). Then the moulded tablet is removed from the mould.
  • material may be deposited on the kneadable material.
  • this may for instance comprise spraying minerals to influence the colour or depositing enamel or otherwise.
  • the moulded tablet is advanced to a further station, for instance a dryer for drying the moulded tablet.
  • a further station for instance a dryer for drying the moulded tablet.
  • the moulded tablet may also be advanced directly to an oven for baking the kneadable material.
  • the side press (6) does not comprise the first arm (8) or the second arm (9) or neither of them.
  • the moulded tablet (5) may be cut to length at only one position along the x-direction or not at all, or the moulded tablet (5) may be cut to length by two walls protruding towards the first surface from the moveable plate (3) or from two cutting elements (108,109) arranged to be moved towards the first surface ( figure 4 ).
  • the cutting elements may be moveable in the first direction independent of the movement of the moveable plate (3) and may reach the first surface.
  • the cutting elements may be plates with sharp edged ridges in the second direction.
  • the cutting elements may also each comprise a cutting wire at the ends facing the first surface (21).
  • the cutting wires help preventing that the kneadable material sticks to the cutting elements when the cutting elements are retreated to unload the moulded tablet (5) as well as establishing a well controlled shape of the moulded tablet (5) during cutting.
  • the cutting wires may also be moveable along the cutting elements in the y or z-direction for loosening any clay sticking to the cutting elements.
  • the cutting elements (108,109) are arranged to be moved in the y-direction, i.e. the second direction while cutting.
  • the cutting elements may for instance first be moved in the z-direction from a loading position towards the first surface (21) to reach a cutting position and then in the y-direction towards the third surface (71) to cut the moulded tablet. After cutting, the cutting elements (108,109) may be moved back to the loading position by moving in the z-direction again and then in the y-direction.
  • the mould is arranged to produce moulded kneadable material for forming a building product, such as a stone strip, to be used at a corner of a wall.
  • the moulded kneadable material comprises a bend.
  • the kneadable material (before being moulded) is shown in figure 5 .
  • the first surface, the moveable plate (3) and the second surface (21), the wall (7) and third surface (71) and the side press (6) and the forth surface (61) all comprise a corresponding bend.
  • a first part (51) of the kneadable material is at a first side of the bend and a second part (52) of the kneadable material is at a second side of the bend.
  • the clay tablet may be placed in the mould either being bent or while still being straight.
  • the processing of the second part (52) of the kneadable material is similar to the processing of the first part (51) of the kneadable material during moulding except for the difference in the x and z directions. This way both the first part (51) and the second part (52) obtain a surface on the side of the moveable plate (3) with irregularities.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de moulage de matière pâteuse (5) pour produire des produits de construction comprenant :
    - le dépôt de la matière pâteuse sur une première surface (21) d'un support (2), la première surface étant perpendiculaire à une première direction ;
    - le positionnement d'une plaque mobile (3) comprenant une deuxième surface (31) de sorte que la deuxième surface fasse face à la matière pâteuse à une première distance de la première surface ;
    - l'utilisation d'une presse latérale (6, 63) pour presser la matière pâteuse contre une troisième surface (71) dans une seconde direction perpendiculaire à la première direction,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - dans l'étape de positionnement la plaque mobile (3) comprenant la deuxième surface (31) de sorte que la deuxième surface fasse face à la matière pâteuse à une première distance de la première surface, la première distance est plus grande que l'épaisseur de la matière pâteuse ;
    - la presse latérale presse de sorte que la matière pâteuse pousse la plaque mobile et la première surface avec une force suffisante pour déplacer au moins un parmi la plaque mobile et le support vers une position relative correspondant à une seconde distance entre la deuxième surface et la première surface plus grande que la première distance.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant la coupe de la matière pâteuse dans une première position dans une troisième direction et une seconde position dans la troisième direction, la troisième direction étant perpendiculaire à la fois à la première direction et la deuxième direction.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le mouvement de coupe est dans la seconde direction.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3, comprenant la coupe de la matière pâteuse avec un premier bras (8) et un second bras (9) de la presse latérale (6).
  5. Procédé selon l'un quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel la matière pâteuse est de l'argile et le procédé est utilisé pour produire des produits de construction tels que des bandes de pierre.
  6. Système, comprenant :
    - un moule (1) comprenant :
    * un support (2) avec une première surface (21) qui est perpendiculaire à une première direction ;
    le moule comprenant
    * une plaque mobile (3) comprenant une deuxième surface (31) et agencée pour être positionnée à une première distance de la première surface ; le moule comprenant en outre
    * une troisième surface (71) ; et
    * une presse latérale (6, 63) avec une quatrième surface (61) faisant face à la troisième surface et agencée pour être déplacée dans une seconde direction pour le pressage de la matière pâteuse avec la quatrième surface contre la troisième surface, la seconde direction étant perpendiculaire à la première direction ; et
    - une matière pâteuse avec une épaisseur démoulée, supportée par la première surface (21) et agencée entre la plaque mobile (3), la troisième surface (71) et la quatrième surface (61)
    caractérisé en ce que
    la plaque mobile est agencée pour être poussée à une seconde distance de la première surface de support par la matière pâteuse, dans lequel la seconde distance est plus grande que la première distance.
  7. Système selon la revendication 6, dans lequel la presse latérale (6) comprend un bras (8, 9) faisant saillie vers la troisième surface (71) depuis la quatrième surface (61), dans lequel le bras est agencé pour couper la matière pâteuse alors que la presse latérale se déplace pour presser contre la matière pâteuse.
  8. Système selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la hauteur maximale du bras dans la première direction est égale à la première distance.
EP13177068.7A 2013-07-18 2013-07-18 Procédé de moulage de matière pâteuse et moule pour matière pâteuse Not-in-force EP2826608B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13177068.7A EP2826608B1 (fr) 2013-07-18 2013-07-18 Procédé de moulage de matière pâteuse et moule pour matière pâteuse

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13177068.7A EP2826608B1 (fr) 2013-07-18 2013-07-18 Procédé de moulage de matière pâteuse et moule pour matière pâteuse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2826608A1 EP2826608A1 (fr) 2015-01-21
EP2826608B1 true EP2826608B1 (fr) 2018-10-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13177068.7A Not-in-force EP2826608B1 (fr) 2013-07-18 2013-07-18 Procédé de moulage de matière pâteuse et moule pour matière pâteuse

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1023014B1 (nl) 2015-06-22 2016-11-04 Wienerberger Nv Snijdinrichting voor het snijden van ongebakken bakstenen en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van handvormbakstenen, zoals steenstrippen
BE1026888B1 (nl) 2018-12-18 2020-07-22 Steenfabriek Maasmechelen Bvba Handvorm baksteenstrip
CN113103405A (zh) * 2021-04-20 2021-07-13 宜兴市佳信数控科技有限公司 一种超长耐火材料罐体压制成型工艺

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE849065C (de) * 1948-09-29 1952-09-11 George William Agar Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trennen eines wandernden Stranges aus plastischem Werkstoff in Dachziegel-Laengen
JP2000343519A (ja) * 1999-06-08 2000-12-12 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd 模様付き軽量気泡コンクリートおよびその製造法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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