EP2826543A1 - Biofiltre-absorbant - Google Patents

Biofiltre-absorbant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2826543A1
EP2826543A1 EP14168060.3A EP14168060A EP2826543A1 EP 2826543 A1 EP2826543 A1 EP 2826543A1 EP 14168060 A EP14168060 A EP 14168060A EP 2826543 A1 EP2826543 A1 EP 2826543A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
biofilter
tubes
adsorber
polluted air
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14168060.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2826543B1 (fr
Inventor
Pranas Baltrenas
Edita Baltrenaite
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vilniaus Gedimino Technikos Universitetas
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Vilniaus Gedimino Technikos Universitetas
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Publication of EP2826543A1 publication Critical patent/EP2826543A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/72—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D53/48 - B01D53/70, e.g. hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84—Biological processes
    • B01D53/85—Biological processes with gas-solid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/95—Specific microorganisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/30—Physical properties of adsorbents
    • B01D2253/302—Dimensions
    • B01D2253/304—Linear dimensions, e.g. particle shape, diameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to biofilters with biologically activated material, specifically - for biofilters for removing volatile organic compounds, for example, acetone, butanol, toluene, xylene, styrene, butyl acetate, phenol, formaldehyde, etc. from air or gas.
  • volatile organic compounds for example, acetone, butanol, toluene, xylene, styrene, butyl acetate, phenol, formaldehyde, etc. from air or gas.
  • Biofilters can be used in chemistry, food industry, for furniture production, wastewater treatment, waste management, wood processing and oil refinery, in machinery production and repair companies and other industries, where various organic pollutants are emitted.
  • Biofilters can be installed practically in all industrial enterprises where there are painting processes and where various thinners and solvents are used for cleaning parts or equipment.
  • Biofilters are able not only of removing volatile organic compounds from air or gas, they also neutralise unpleasant odours, i.e. purify air or gas by eliminating even very small concentrations of these compounds. Therefore, biofilters can be widely used in agriculture, dump sites, wastewater treatment facilities, slaughterhouses, cattle-sheds, etc., where ammonia and hydrogen sulphide are emitted.
  • a biofilter is a cost-efficient and environmentally friendly device for reducing emission of gaseous pollutants into the air.
  • biofilters are high aerodynamic resistance of the charge, complicated maintenance of humidity and operating temperature in the charge, a lot of power is necessary for humidifying the charge.
  • air treatment efficiency is rather low because some pollutants get through the gaps between plates, especially in case of an increased flow rate of polluted air, e.g. over 0.1 m/s.
  • An analogue of the presented invention is a biofilter-adsorber for removing gaseous pollutants from air (Lithuanian patent No. LT5528B ), which is intended for eliminating volatile organic compounds, ammonia and hydrogen sulphide from air.
  • the air treatment device consists of a metal body, water tank, excess water removal unit, heating elements used for heating air in the device, filtering charge, percolators, pipe for water supply to the tank, branches for sampling air, ventilator blowing polluted air into the device, air ducts for supplying polluted air to the device and for removing it.
  • the device does not have an air heating system, which would facilitate growth of microorganisms, a lot of power is necessary for humidifying the charge, charge of natural origin is not sustainable, whereas artificial charge needs to be regularly activated with microorganisms.
  • a prototype for the present invention is a plate-type biofilter with a capillary system for charge humidification (Lithuanian patent No. LT5862B ), which is intended for removal of volatile organic pollutants from air.
  • the device's filtering section consists of many vertical polymer plates covered from both sides with porous lightly pressed boards of thermally modified wood fibre and arranged with milligaps (0.5 - 1.0 mm) among them in parallel to polluted air movement direction and partially, optimally 1/3, submersed in activated liquid, thus causing capillary humidification of the filtering section.
  • the shortcoming of this device though the distance between plates is very small, i.e. between 1.0 - 2.0 mm, but pollutants are able to skip between the plates, therefore, treatment
  • the aim of the present invention is to improve the structure of the treatment device, biocharge with adsorption properties, to increase air treatment efficiency and sustainability.
  • the biofilter operation principle is based on the decomposition of gaseous pollutants by using certain cultures of microorganisms.
  • the method of biological treatment of air polluted with organic pollutants employs less expensive, more effective, waste-free and environmentally friendly biotechnologies which allow more effective cleaning of the air from volatile organic compounds and neutralisation of unpleasant odours.
  • the main element of the biofilter-adsorber is a charge.
  • the charge consists of wood or coal granules mixed with thermally modified wood fibre and it is placed in 20 - 30 mm diameter tubes with porous or perforated walls. Perforation of tube walls: diameter of 1.0 - 2.0 mm and remove of 0.5 - 1.0 mm. In order that the charge would not crumble out of the tubes, their ends are covered with lattice with 0.5 - 1.0 mm diameter holes.
  • Tubes are placed in lines, the distance between them in a line is 1.0 - 2.0 mm, and lines are placed at the angle of 30 - 45° with regard to the polluted air flow movement direction.
  • the ends of the tubes are hermetically fixed in the holes of horizontal perforated sheets, in the lower sheet - at 1/3 of the tube height from the bottom, in this way vertical tubes and horizontal sheets make a comb.
  • This comb is hermetically fixed in the body, submersing 1/3 of the lower part of the tubes in the activated liquid.
  • polluted air After polluted air is supplied to the biofilter-adsorber, it passes through the comb of tubes and, after reaching the final wall of the filter, recoils and is forced to further make a 90° turn and move upwards, thus reducing the flow rate to that close to zero. Then the polluted air flow is forced to move through porous or perforated walls of the tubes inside the tubes and pass through the charge, where adsorption and biological processes occur. A part of air pollutants passing through the charge are consumed by microorganisms, the other part is adsorbed in pores of adsorbents and capillaries. These pollutants are consumed by microorganisms when supplied volumes of pollutants decrease or when there is no supply at all.
  • the bottom (1/3) part of vertical tubes filled with adsorbent charge with porous or perforated walls is submersed in activated solution. It has been determined experimentally that upon submersing such a part in salts solution, the liquid in the tubes rises up to the top of the tubes, thus humidifying tubes in their entirety and, at the same time, the charge inside the tubes.
  • This system of self-humidification does not consume additional energy.
  • the charge is humidified well even when a technological process is interrupted, during repair works or when power supply is discontinued.
  • the excess humidity causes the optimal humidification of the biocharge, which increases the aerodynamic resistance of the charge, reduces the time of pollutants' interaction with microorganisms, and at the same time the treatment efficiency of the device.
  • the capillary effect in tubes manifests itself much better.
  • capillary charge humidification system enables to avoid possible washing out of biomass from the charge.
  • the device operation costs decrease as it is not necessary to wet the charge by spraying biogenic solutions over it.
  • the biofilter-adsorber comprises a polluted air duct 1, ventilator 2, air duct connector of different diameters 3, heating elements for air heating 4, valve 5, upper and lower sealing sheets 6, air flow distribution lattice 7, cleaned air discharge pipe 8, body of the biofilter-adsorber 9, thermal insulation of the body 10, fastenings for the upper and lower sealing sheets 11, biofilter tube with the charge 12, temperature sensor 13, water tank 14, water 15, biofilter-adsorber bearing structure 16, electric heating elements with a thermostat 17, control panel 18, perforated sheet 19, porous or perforated body of a tube 20, tube hole 21, charge 22 (wood or coal granules mixed with thermally modified wood fibre).
  • the ventilator 2 takes polluted airflow through the air duct 1 to the biofilter-adsorber. In order to avoid large differences in temperature (a temperature shock) polluted air accessing the device is heated from 4 to 30°C.
  • the heating system is connected with the ventilator by the air duct connector 3 of different diameter. Airflow supplied to the biofilter is regulated with the valve 5 fitted in the air duct 1.
  • the comb with horizontal sheets 6 is installed inside the device 9 with sealing fastenings 11.
  • perforated sheet 19 is fitted in the air duct 1 at the entrance to the comb.
  • the device body 9 is covered with a thermal insulation layer 10 from inside, which retains heat in the device 9.
  • the water tank 14 is placed between the lower horizontal sheet 6 and the bottom of the device 9 for humidifying the charge in the tubes 20 by use of the capillary effect.
  • charge 22 wood or coal granules mixed with thermally modified wood fibre
  • the tube ends are covered with lattice 7, the wholes of which are 0.5 - 1.0 mm in diameter.
  • the device contains porous or perforated tubes 20 with holes of 1.0 - 2.0 mm in diameter and a remove 21 of 0.5 -1.0 mm.
  • the main pollutant treatment element in the biofilter-adsorber is a comb, where between horizontal hermetic sheets a lot vertical tubes 20 are hermetically fitted, which are placed in lines I, II, III, IV, etc., distances between the tubes are 1.0 - 2.0 mm, the lines I, II, III, IV, etc. are installed at the angle of 30 - 45° with regard to the polluted air movement direction, and the distance between lines I, II, III, IV, etc. does not exceed the radius of a tube 20.
  • Such placement of tubes 20 creates optimal possibilities for good contact of polluted air with surfaces of the tubes 20.
  • the volume of the biofilter-adsorber 9 must be such that the flow rate of polluted air in it would not exceed 0.01 - 0.1 m/s, and changing the flow direction at the 90° angle permits reducing the air flow rate to almost zero for a short time. This creates favourable conditions giving microorganisms enough time to consume the pollutants. If the concentration of pollutants is big enough, pollutants are adsorbed in inner and external capillaries of coal granules. Such a double pollutant collection mechanism (the impact of microorganisms and adsorption effect) enables a significant increase of air treatment efficiency. In case of reduced concentration of air pollutants, microorganisms have a possibility to use the accumulated (adsorbed) pollutants, in this way avoiding regeneration of the biofilter-adsorber.
  • the charge placed in the tubes of the biofilter-adsorber consists of an inorganic medium, i.e. of wood or coal granules of 2.0 - 6.0 mm in diameter, and an organic medium, i.e. thermally modified wood fibre, at the ratio of 10:1.
  • the wood fibre accounts only for one tenth of the charge, but that is enough for natural formation of microorganisms in it, their subsequent growth and filling the inorganic medium of the charge on the surface and in inner capillaries of wood or coal granules.
  • Microorganisms appear and propagate successfully at the temperature of 25 - 30°C and at the relative humidity of about 80%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
EP14168060.3A 2013-07-16 2014-05-13 Biofiltre-absorbant Active EP2826543B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LT2013075A LT6134B (lt) 2013-07-16 2013-07-16 Biofiltras-adsorberis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2826543A1 true EP2826543A1 (fr) 2015-01-21
EP2826543B1 EP2826543B1 (fr) 2019-12-18

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EP (1) EP2826543B1 (fr)
LT (1) LT6134B (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105107348A (zh) * 2015-09-10 2015-12-02 杭州正清环保科技有限公司 一种用于处理voc有机废气的多相强氧催化反应成套设备
CN105921005A (zh) * 2016-05-25 2016-09-07 陕西绿恒农业生物科技有限公司 有机肥料生产过程中恶臭废气高效生物净化工艺
EP3072576A1 (fr) * 2015-03-26 2016-09-28 Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Biofiltre-adsorbeur vertical
CN106492625A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2017-03-15 惠州惠能节能环保科技有限公司 废气的处理方法
US20170121905A1 (en) * 2015-10-29 2017-05-04 Anand Gangadharan Method For Separating And Breaking Down Biodegradable And Non-Biodegradable Materials
CN110975595A (zh) * 2019-12-16 2020-04-10 天水师范学院 一种提高植物降解甲醛能力的促进剂及其制备方法、应用
CN116621384A (zh) * 2023-06-26 2023-08-22 太原市第一建筑工程集团有限公司 一种用于建筑施工的污水处理系统

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0249861A2 (fr) * 1986-06-20 1987-12-23 Bayer Ag Procédé pour la purification biologique d'air d'échappement et d'eau usée
US20050250201A1 (en) * 2002-06-14 2005-11-10 Daly Lewis J Closed loop work station bioremediation using mini-reactor cartridges
LT5528B (lt) 2007-01-26 2008-11-25 Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Biofiltras - adsorberis
EP2441509A1 (fr) * 2010-10-13 2012-04-18 Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Biofiltre de type plaque avec système capillaire pour l'humidification de charge
US20130137170A1 (en) * 2010-08-05 2013-05-30 Chunping YANG Multi-Tube Biofilter System for Treating Waste Gas

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU5862A1 (ru) 1926-05-04 1928-07-31 Ф.Р. Кочетков Способ обработки грубошерстного сукна

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0249861A2 (fr) * 1986-06-20 1987-12-23 Bayer Ag Procédé pour la purification biologique d'air d'échappement et d'eau usée
US20050250201A1 (en) * 2002-06-14 2005-11-10 Daly Lewis J Closed loop work station bioremediation using mini-reactor cartridges
LT5528B (lt) 2007-01-26 2008-11-25 Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Biofiltras - adsorberis
US20130137170A1 (en) * 2010-08-05 2013-05-30 Chunping YANG Multi-Tube Biofilter System for Treating Waste Gas
EP2441509A1 (fr) * 2010-10-13 2012-04-18 Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Biofiltre de type plaque avec système capillaire pour l'humidification de charge
LT5862B (lt) 2010-10-13 2012-08-27 Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Plokštelinis biofiltras su kapiliarine įkrovos drėkinimo sistema

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3072576A1 (fr) * 2015-03-26 2016-09-28 Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas Biofiltre-adsorbeur vertical
CN105107348A (zh) * 2015-09-10 2015-12-02 杭州正清环保科技有限公司 一种用于处理voc有机废气的多相强氧催化反应成套设备
CN105107348B (zh) * 2015-09-10 2018-07-03 杭州正清环保科技有限公司 一种用于处理voc有机废气的多相强氧催化反应成套设备
US20170121905A1 (en) * 2015-10-29 2017-05-04 Anand Gangadharan Method For Separating And Breaking Down Biodegradable And Non-Biodegradable Materials
US10533281B2 (en) * 2015-10-29 2020-01-14 Anand Gangadharan Method for separating and breaking down biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials
CN105921005A (zh) * 2016-05-25 2016-09-07 陕西绿恒农业生物科技有限公司 有机肥料生产过程中恶臭废气高效生物净化工艺
CN106492625A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2017-03-15 惠州惠能节能环保科技有限公司 废气的处理方法
CN106492625B (zh) * 2016-08-29 2020-06-19 广东顺易能源环保有限公司 废气的处理方法
CN110975595A (zh) * 2019-12-16 2020-04-10 天水师范学院 一种提高植物降解甲醛能力的促进剂及其制备方法、应用
CN116621384A (zh) * 2023-06-26 2023-08-22 太原市第一建筑工程集团有限公司 一种用于建筑施工的污水处理系统
CN116621384B (zh) * 2023-06-26 2024-01-16 太原市第一建筑工程集团有限公司 一种用于建筑施工的污水处理系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LT6134B (lt) 2015-03-25
LT2013075A (lt) 2015-01-26
EP2826543B1 (fr) 2019-12-18

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