EP2815472B1 - Bougie pour chambre de turbulence - Google Patents

Bougie pour chambre de turbulence Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2815472B1
EP2815472B1 EP13700467.7A EP13700467A EP2815472B1 EP 2815472 B1 EP2815472 B1 EP 2815472B1 EP 13700467 A EP13700467 A EP 13700467A EP 2815472 B1 EP2815472 B1 EP 2815472B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark plug
spark
sparking surface
electrode
longitudinal axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13700467.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2815472A1 (fr
Inventor
Hermann Kersting
Jorge Diaz Alfonso
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2815472A1 publication Critical patent/EP2815472A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2815472B1 publication Critical patent/EP2815472B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/24—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation having movable electrodes
    • H01T13/26—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation having movable electrodes for adjusting spark gap otherwise than by bending of electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/12—Means on sparking plugs for facilitating engagement by tool or by hand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/32—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by features of the earthed electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H01T13/467—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in parallel connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/54—Sparking plugs having electrodes arranged in a partly-enclosed ignition chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
    • H01T21/06—Adjustment of spark gaps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spark plug, in particular a swirl chamber spark plug.
  • a spark plug in particular a swirl chamber spark plug.
  • the Wirbelhuntzündkerze for stationary gas engines is used.
  • FIG. 1 shows a Wirbelhuntzündkerze 30 in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. A center electrode 3 and a ground electrode 4 can be seen. Four spark surfaces 31 are formed on the center electrode 3 and the ground electrode 4, respectively. The sparking surfaces 31 are located on precious metal platelets. In the previously known Wirbelhuntzündkerze 30, the distance between the spark surfaces 31 is not adjustable or readjustable.
  • the US 2 129 003 A discloses a spark plug having a center electrode extending along the longitudinal axis of the spark plug and having a first spark surface and a ground electrode having a second spark surface, the first spark surface and the second spark surface being oppositely disposed so that a spark may be generated between the two spark surfaces. Furthermore, the center electrode is rotatable relative to the ground electrode coaxially with the longitudinal axis, the spark surface of the Ground electrode is inclined so that by rotating the center electrode relative to the ground electrode, the distance between the first spark surface and the second spark surface is adjustable.
  • the spark plug according to the invention with the features of claim 1 now makes it possible to adjust the gap between the spark surfaces and readjust, whereby the precious metal platelets used can be made smaller. Thereby, the manufacturing cost of the spark plug can be reduced, and at the same time, the life of the spark plug increases, so that the cost-benefit ratio is improved. All of these advantages are achieved by a spark plug comprising a center electrode extending along a longitudinal axis of the spark plug having at least a first spark surface, and a ground electrode having at least a second spark surface. The first spark surface is arranged opposite to the second spark surface, so that a spark can be generated between the two spark surfaces.
  • the center electrode is rotatable relative to the ground electrode coaxially with the longitudinal axis, and / or the ground electrode is rotatable with respect to the center electrode coaxially with the longitudinal axis.
  • the first spark surface and the second spark surface are inclined such that by rotating the center electrode relative to the ground electrode and / or by rotating the ground electrode relative to the center electrode, a distance between the first spark surface and the second spark surface is adjustable, that is changeable.
  • the center electrode is arranged insulated relative to the ground electrode, so that when a current is applied, the ignition spark arises between the respective spark surfaces.
  • a plane is defined to define the slope of the sparks.
  • this plane lies the longitudinal axis of the spark plug and this plane cuts the respective spark surface in the middle.
  • the first spark surface and its opposite second spark surface is inclined at an angle> 0 to this plane.
  • this angle is between 5 ° and 90 °.
  • the angle is between 30 ° and 60 °.
  • the opposing spark surfaces are arranged parallel or approximately parallel to one another. Thus arises, at least in the delivery state of the spark plug, a uniform distance over the entire surface of the sparking surfaces.
  • the first spark surface is formed on a first noble metal flake of the center electrode
  • the second spark surface is formed on a second noble metal flake of the ground electrode.
  • first spark surface and the second spark surface are flat or rounded surfaces.
  • a plurality of circumferentially distributed first spark surfaces and at the ground electrode a plurality of circumferentially distributed second spark surfaces may be formed on the center electrode.
  • a precious metal leaflet is provided for each spark surface.
  • each mating of first spark surface and second spark surface has the same distance.
  • all the spark surfaces are arranged so that they have the same inclination, so that when adjusting the distance at each pair of spark surfaces always the same distance prevails.
  • an end of the center electrode facing away from the combustion chamber is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the spark plug.
  • the center electrode With this end facing away from the combustion chamber, the center electrode is inserted in a panat of the spark plug.
  • the center electrode is inserted in the panat, so that the center electrode is rotatable relative to the panat.
  • the surface of the combustion chamber facing away from the end of the central electrode is wetted with a lubricant, so that after the baking of the Panates the center electrode against the Panat remains rotatable.
  • This lubricant is designed to be electrically conductive and heat resistant, and does not chemically react with the Panat.
  • a tool engagement is preferably provided on the center electrode on the combustion chamber side.
  • this tool engagement is designed as a hexagon socket, slot or Phillips. In this tool engagement can be intervened to adjust the distance between the spark surfaces with a tool. By rotating the tool, the center electrode is then rotated relative to the ground electrode coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the spark plug.
  • this tool engagement is formed on a combustion chamber-side front end of the center electrode.
  • the invention further includes a swirl chamber spark plug.
  • This vortex chamber spark plug is constructed as the spark plug described above and additionally has a cap arranged on the combustion chamber side. This cap arranged on the combustion chamber side is in particular connected to a housing of the spark plug. Inside the cap, a vortex chamber is formed. The cap thus at least partially covers the combustion chamber-side end of the center electrode and the ground electrode.
  • the ground electrode is rotatably connected to the cap and the cap for adjusting the distance between the first spark surface and the second spark surface with respect to the center electrode is rotatable coaxially to the longitudinal axis.
  • the ground electrode is also electrically conductively connected to the cap.
  • the cap in turn is electrically connected to the housing of the Wirbelhuntzündkerze.
  • the cap is preferably rotatably connected to the housing of the Wirbelhuntzündkerze.
  • the swirl chamber spark plug to make the center electrode rotatable.
  • a tool opening in the cap is provided for this purpose.
  • a tool for rotating the center electrode can be pushed through.
  • this tool opening is located at a combustion chamber end of the cap.
  • the longitudinal axis of the swirl chamber spark plug extends through this tool opening. This can be intervened with a tool coaxially in the tool engagement of the center electrode.
  • the following steps are preferred Setting the Distance Suggested: First, rotate the center electrode and / or ground electrode until the first spark surface contacts the second spark surface. The corresponding resistance to be measured is in this case between the center electrode and the ground electrode 0 ⁇ . In a next step, the ground electrode and / or the center electrode is returned by a certain angle so that the electrode spacing comes to the predefined or desired amount.
  • FIG. 4 shows the specific embodiment of the spark plug 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 shows the specific embodiment of the spark plug 1 according to the second embodiment. Based on FIG. 6 Details of both embodiments will be explained. Identical or functionally identical components are provided with the same reference numerals in all embodiments.
  • FIG. 2 shows the spark plug 1. Shown is a section through a longitudinal axis 2 of the spark plug 1.
  • the spark plug 1 comprises a center electrode 3 and a ground electrode 4.
  • At the center electrode 3 four first stainless steel leaflets 5 are formed.
  • At each of the stainless steel leaflets 5 there is a first spark surface 6.
  • the ground electrode 4 comprises four second stainless steel leaflets 7.
  • At each of the second stainless steel leaflets 7, a second spark surface 8 is formed. This creates four pairs of sparking surfaces.
  • the first and second spark surfaces 6, 8 are each formed flat.
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail FIG. 2 , In FIG. 3 a distance 18 is shown. Due to the planar design of the first and second spark surfaces 6, 8 and their parallel arrangement, the distance 18 over the entire surface of the spark surfaces 6, 8 is constant. Further shows FIG. 3 an imaginary plane 9. In this plane 9 is the longitudinal axis 2. Furthermore, the plane 9 intersects the respective first or second spark surface 6, 8 centered. In the example shown here, the plane 9 for the illustrated second stainless steel leaflet 7 is shown at the ground electrode 4 and thus for the second spark surface 8. FIG. 3 shows an angle ⁇ between this plane 9 and the second spark surface 8. Measured is the respective smaller angle. In the two exemplary embodiments presented here, all the spark surfaces 6, 8 are inclined at the same angle ⁇ to the respective imaginary plane 9.
  • the distance 18 between the first spark surface 6 and second spark surface 8 changes.
  • the distance 18 are readjusted. Due to the inclination of the spark surfaces 6, 8 with the angle ⁇ and due to the plan and parallel design of the spark surfaces 6, 8 move the Spark surfaces 6, 8 approximately parallel to each other when setting the distance 18th
  • FIG. 4 shows the structure of the spark plug 1, formed as a swirl chamber spark plug, of the first embodiment.
  • a housing 10, an insulator 11, a panat 12 and a cap 19 are shown here.
  • the housing 10 establishes the ground contact to the gas engine.
  • the center electrode 3 engages electrically conductive in the Panat 12 a.
  • the Panat 12 and the center electrode 3 are insulated from the housing 10 by means of the insulator 11.
  • FIG. 4 further shows a combustion chamber side 14 and a side 15 of the spark plug facing away from the combustion chamber. Accordingly, an end 13 remote from the combustion chamber is defined at the center electrode 3.
  • This end 13 of the central electrode 3 remote from the combustion chamber is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis 2 and is rotatable relative to the Panat 12.
  • a lubricant between the combustion chamber facing away from the end 13 and the Panat 12 is used.
  • the end facing away from the combustion chamber 13 has a shoulder 16. With this paragraph 16, the center electrode 3 is supported on the insulator 11.
  • the cap 19 is fixedly connected to the housing 10 on the combustion chamber side. As a result, the cap 19 forms a vortex chamber 20. In this vortex chamber 20 are the ground electrode 4 and a brennraum Weger proportion of the center electrode 3. Furthermore, the cap 19 has a tool opening 21. This tool opening 21 is formed coaxially with the longitudinal axis 2.
  • the center electrode 3 has at its combustion-chamber-side end face a tool engagement 17, designed as a slot. Via the tool opening 21, a tool 22 can be introduced into the vortex chamber 20. With the tool 22 can be intervened in the tool engagement 17 on the center electrode 3 and thus the tool 22, the center electrode 3 are rotated.
  • FIG. 4 shows the spark plug 1, formed as a Wirbelhuntzündkerze, according to the second embodiment.
  • the cap 19 is rotatably disposed relative to the housing 10.
  • a ring 24 is provided for a tight seal between the cap 19 and the housing 10.
  • the ground electrode 4 is rotatably and electrically connected to the cap 19.
  • the center electrode 3 for example, as in the first embodiment to arrange rotatably.
  • the rotatable center electrode 3 and / or the rotatable ground electrode 4 are arranged with a self-locking rotary joint, so that a set distance 18, e.g. with vibrations, does not change independently.
  • FIG. 6 shows various embodiments of the angle ⁇ for the two embodiments.
  • the left illustration in FIG. 6 shows the angle ⁇ with 0 °, as occurs in the prior art.
  • the precious metal leaflets 5, 7 in the so-called "tangent" layer.
  • the middle and the right representation show how the angle ⁇ can be formed according to the invention.
  • the angle ⁇ is about 45 ° and can be up to 90 °.

Landscapes

  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Bougie d'allumage (1) comprenant
    - une électrode centrale (3) qui s'étend le long d'un axe longitudinal (2) de la bougie d'allumage (1) et qui comprend au moins une première surface de formation d'étincelle (6), et
    - une électrode de masse (4) comprenant au moins une deuxième surface de formation d'étincelle (8),
    - la première surface de formation d'étincelle (6) étant disposée par rapport à la deuxième surface de formation d'étincelle (8) de telle sorte qu'une étincelle d'allumage peut être générée entre la première surface de formation d'étincelle (6) et la deuxième surface de formation d'étincelle (8),
    - l'électrode centrale (3) pouvant tourner par rapport à l'électrode de masse (4) de manière coaxiale à l'axe central (2) et/ou l'électrode de masse (4) pouvant tourner par rapport à l'électrode centrale (3) de manière coaxiale à l'axe central (2), et
    - la première surface de formation d'étincelle (6) et la deuxième surface de formation d'étincelle (8) étant inclinées de telle sorte qu'un écart (18) entre la première surface de formation d'étincelle (6) et la deuxième surface de formation d'étincelle (8) peut être réglé par la rotation de l'électrode centrale (3) par rapport à l'électrode de masse (4) et/ou de l'électrode de masse (4) par rapport à l'électrode centrale (3), caractérisée en ce
    - que la première surface de formation d'étincelle (6) et la deuxième surface de formation d'étincelle (8) sont inclinées avec un angle (α) par rapport à un plan (9), l'axe longitudinal (2) se trouvant dans le plan (9) et le plan (9) croisant la surface de formation d'étincelle respective (6, 8) au centre, et l'angle (α) étant compris entre 5° et 90°.
  2. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la première surface de formation d'étincelle (6) est formée au niveau d'une première plaquette de métal noble (5) de l'électrode centrale (3) et la deuxième surface de formation d'étincelle (8) est formée au niveau d'une deuxième plaquette de métal noble (7) de l'électrode de masse (4).
  3. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la première surface de formation d'étincelle (6) et la deuxième surface de formation d'étincelle (8) sont des surfaces planes ou arrondies.
  4. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par plusieurs premières surfaces de formation d'étincelle (6) distribuées sur le pourtour de l'électrode centrale (3) et plusieurs deuxièmes surfaces de formation d'étincelle (8) distribuées sur le pourtour de l'électrode de masse (4).
  5. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité (13) de l'électrode centrale (3) à l'opposé de la chambre de combustion est en symétrie rotationnelle par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (2) et est insérée de manière rotative dans un agglomérat (12).
  6. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par une prise d'outil (17) côté chambre de combustion au niveau de l'électrode centrale (3), l'électrode centrale (3) pouvant être amenée à tourner de manière coaxiale à l'axe longitudinal (2) par rapport à l'électrode de masse (4) au moyen de la prise d'outil (17).
  7. Bougie d'allumage à chambre de turbulence, notamment pour moteurs à gaz stationnaires, comprenant
    - une bougie d'allumage (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, et
    - un capuchon (19) disposé du côté de la chambre de combustion sur la bougie d'allumage (1) pour former une chambre de turbulence (20).
  8. Bougie d'allumage à chambre de turbulence selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que l'électrode de masse (4) est reliée en rotation solidaire avec le capuchon (19) et le capuchon (19) peut tourner de manière coaxiale à l'axe longitudinal (2) par rapport à l'électrode centrale (3) pour régler l'écart (18) entre la première surface de formation d'étincelle (6) et la deuxième surface de formation d'étincelle (8).
  9. Bougie d'allumage à chambre de turbulence selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisée par une ouverture d'outil (21) dans le capuchon (19), un outil (22) destiné à faire tourner l'électrode centrale (3) pouvant être inséré à travers l'ouverture d'outil (21).
EP13700467.7A 2012-02-16 2013-01-02 Bougie pour chambre de turbulence Active EP2815472B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012202335A DE102012202335A1 (de) 2012-02-16 2012-02-16 Zündkerze, insbesondere Wirbelkammerzündkerze
PCT/EP2013/050016 WO2013120632A1 (fr) 2012-02-16 2013-01-02 Bougie d'allumage, notamment bougie d'allumage pour chambre de turbulence

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2815472A1 EP2815472A1 (fr) 2014-12-24
EP2815472B1 true EP2815472B1 (fr) 2019-03-27

Family

ID=47563414

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13700467.7A Active EP2815472B1 (fr) 2012-02-16 2013-01-02 Bougie pour chambre de turbulence

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9166378B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2815472B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104106186B (fr)
AU (1) AU2013220663B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR112014019843B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012202335A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013120632A1 (fr)

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DE102014111897B4 (de) * 2013-10-31 2020-06-25 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Zündeinrichtung zum Zünden von Brennstoff-Luft-Gemischen in einer Brennkammer eines Verbrennungsmotors durch eine Korona-Entladung
NL2011947C2 (en) * 2013-12-12 2015-06-15 Twostroke Motorcycle Company Combustion engine comprising a cylinder.
DE102014117714B4 (de) 2014-12-02 2016-06-09 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Zündkerze für eine mit Gas betriebene Brennkraftmaschine
DE102015204814B9 (de) 2015-03-17 2016-07-14 Dkt Verwaltungs-Gmbh Vorkammerzündkerze zur Zündung eines Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemisches in einem Verbrennungsmotor
EP3173596B1 (fr) 2015-11-25 2020-04-01 Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH Ensemble chambre de précombustion pour moteurs à combustion interne
US9859688B1 (en) * 2016-07-15 2018-01-02 Caterpillar Inc. Remanufactured sparkplug and sparkplug remanufacturing method
CN106936071B (zh) * 2017-03-15 2018-05-18 中国民用航空飞行学院 一种火花塞及延长水平对置发动机火花塞寿命的使用方法
WO2020068967A1 (fr) * 2018-09-26 2020-04-02 Cummins Inc. Configurations de bougie d'allumage pour une préchambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne
DE102018221917A1 (de) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorkammerzündkerze
DE102020211356A1 (de) * 2020-09-10 2022-03-10 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Kostengünstige Vorkammerzündkerze
DE102020211352A1 (de) 2020-09-10 2022-03-10 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Vorkammerzündkerze mit verbesserter Masseelektrode
DE102020211355A1 (de) 2020-09-10 2022-03-10 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Vorkammerzündkerze, insbesondere für mobile Brennkraftmaschinen
US11646551B2 (en) 2021-06-23 2023-05-09 Caterpillar Inc. Spark plug
DE102021214150A1 (de) 2021-12-10 2023-06-15 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Zündkerze mit kleinem Zündspalt und planen Zündelementflächen
US11552456B1 (en) * 2022-01-10 2023-01-10 Federal-Mogul Ignition Llc Pre-chamber spark plug
US11757262B1 (en) 2022-12-28 2023-09-12 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Prechamber spark plug and method of manufacturing the same

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GB418545A (en) * 1934-02-22 1934-10-26 Edward Trezise Bunt Improvements in or relating to sparking plugs for internal combustion engines
US2129003A (en) * 1936-08-22 1938-09-06 Grant James Spark plug
US2900546A (en) * 1956-07-09 1959-08-18 Andrew C Russell Spark plug assembly
US3320461A (en) * 1965-01-27 1967-05-16 Ashwell & Company Self-renewable spark plug construction
AU8059191A (en) * 1990-07-02 1992-01-23 Jenbacher Energiesysteme Ag Sparking plug
JP4306115B2 (ja) 2000-11-06 2009-07-29 株式会社デンソー スパークプラグの製造方法
AT410151B (de) * 2001-06-05 2003-02-25 Jenbacher Ag Zündkerze einer brennkraftmaschine

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9166378B2 (en) 2015-10-20
BR112014019843B1 (pt) 2021-01-26
AU2013220663B2 (en) 2017-09-07
BR112014019843A2 (fr) 2017-06-20
US20150028737A1 (en) 2015-01-29
DE102012202335A1 (de) 2013-08-22
EP2815472A1 (fr) 2014-12-24
WO2013120632A1 (fr) 2013-08-22
AU2013220663A1 (en) 2014-09-25
CN104106186B (zh) 2016-11-02
BR112014019843A8 (pt) 2017-07-11
CN104106186A (zh) 2014-10-15

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