EP2799706A1 - Einspritzdüse - Google Patents

Einspritzdüse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2799706A1
EP2799706A1 EP13166122.5A EP13166122A EP2799706A1 EP 2799706 A1 EP2799706 A1 EP 2799706A1 EP 13166122 A EP13166122 A EP 13166122A EP 2799706 A1 EP2799706 A1 EP 2799706A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
needle
injection nozzle
guiding means
fuel
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13166122.5A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Christophe Oge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi International Operations Luxembourg SARL
Original Assignee
Delphi International Operations Luxembourg SARL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi International Operations Luxembourg SARL filed Critical Delphi International Operations Luxembourg SARL
Priority to EP13166122.5A priority Critical patent/EP2799706A1/de
Publication of EP2799706A1 publication Critical patent/EP2799706A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1893—Details of valve member ends not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/042—The valves being provided with fuel passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1873—Valve seats or member ends having circumferential grooves or ridges, e.g. toroidal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to fuel injection nozzles, and in particular to injection nozzles for supplying fuel to internal combustion engines, such as diesel engines.
  • FIG. 1 Two examples of conventional injection nozzles 1 are illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 respectively.
  • a needle 2 is arranged within an elongate hollow nozzle body 3, and the distal end or tip 4 of the needle 2 is biased into contact with a generally conical seat 5 within the nozzle body 3 by means of a compression spring (6 in Figure 1 , not shown in Figure 2 ), so as to seal the nozzle 1.
  • the end 7 of the nozzle body 3 is provided with one or more small apertures 8 through which fuel is injected into the engine.
  • diesel fuel is supplied to the injection nozzle 1 from a high-pressure fuel supply in the form of a common fuel rail (not shown) fed by an injection pump (not shown).
  • the fuel passes through a channel (not shown) to a fuel accumulator volume 9 arranged around the needle 2.
  • Injection of fuel from the injection nozzle 1 is controlled by an electronic control unit (not shown).
  • the injection nozzle 1 includes a control valve (not shown) which controls the movement of the needle 2 with respect to the valve seat 5 at the tip of the injection nozzle 1.
  • the control valve is operable to increase or decrease the fuel pressure in a control chamber 12 disposed at the end of the needle 2 opposite the tip 12, by controlling flow between the control chamber 12 and a low-pressure drain (not shown).
  • the control chamber 12 is connected to the high-pressure fuel supply, so that the pressure in the control chamber 12 can be switched between the relatively high supply pressure and a relatively low pressure according to the position of the control valve.
  • the control valve When the control valve is operated to connect the control chamber 12 to drain, the pressure of fuel in the control chamber 12 decreases, and the higher pressure of fuel in the accumulator volume 9 causes the needle 2 to move away from the seat 5 of the nozzle body 3. This allows the fuel to be sprayed through the apertures 8 and enter the engine.
  • the control valve moves to prevent communication between the control chamber 12 and the drain, the pressure in the control chamber 12 increases back to the supply pressure, and as a result the needle 2 moves back on to the seat 5 so as to seal the injection nozzle 1 and cut off the fuel supply to the engine.
  • a flow restriction is included between the high-pressure supply and the accumulator volume 9, which gives rise to a reduction in pressure in the accumulator volume 9 during needle closure, relative to the supply pressure.
  • the injection nozzle 1 is provided with upper and lower guiding regions 10, 11 which serve to centre the needle 2 within the nozzle body 3. Centring of the needle 2 is important in order to ensure proper functioning of the injection nozzle 1.
  • the upper and lower guiding regions 10, 11 are formed on either the needle 2 or on the nozzle body 3, or on both the needle 2 and the nozzle body 3 by a machining process.
  • an injection nozzle for an internal combustion engine comprising an elongate hollow body and a needle arranged to reciprocate within the hollow body to permit fuel to be dispensed to the engine from at least one aperture at a distal end of the body, the distal end of the body defining a profiled seat against which the needle is arranged to bear to seal the nozzle, characterised in that the injection nozzle further comprises a guiding means located around the distal end of the needle and which bears on the profiled seat so as to centre the distal end of the needle within the body.
  • a further advantage is that the desired relative positions of the needle and nozzle body are more readily maintained throughout repeated operation of the injection nozzle, due to the improved centring function.
  • the injection nozzle preferably further comprises means for biasing the guiding means towards the profiled seat, and this case take the form of a compression spring located between the guiding means and a proximal end portion of the needle.
  • the profiled seat is substantially conical. This in itself serves to centre the needle to some extent when the needle is in contact with the profiled seat, but more importantly for the purposes of the present invention also enhances the centring effect of the guiding means.
  • the guiding means preferably also comprises a substantially conical surface which abuts the substantially conical profiled seat. It is especially preferred that the angle of the two conical surfaces is substantially equal, so as to maximise the area of contact between the guiding means and the seat.
  • the guiding means may take the form of a collar or sleeve having a substantially circular cross-section.
  • the end of the collar which abuts the conical profiled seat will also be conical in shape, and the other end of the collar will be flat so as to provide a suitable surface against which the compression spring may bear.
  • the needle is preferably formed with at least one channel for conveying the fuel to the aperture(s), and these may conveniently be formed on the surface of the needle.
  • the guiding means is preferably shaped so as to define at least one channel for conveying the fuel to the aperture(s), and in this case the channel(s) can be in the form of apertures and/or slots.
  • the size of the cut-out areas can be selected to control the flow of the fuel so as to achieve specific desired hydraulic functions, for example nozzle path orifice or pressure wave damping.
  • the injection nozzle may comprise further guiding means located around the proximal end of the needle and arranged to centre the proximal end of the needle.
  • the proximal end of the needle is formed with a flange portion which is cooperable with the further guiding means. This, in combination with the guiding means at the distal end of the needle, ensures that the needle is centred within the hollow body throughout its entire length.
  • This centring function of the proximal end of the needle may advantageously be achieved by forming the needle with a proximal guide portion which is arranged to slide within the hollow body, or within another component, to provide the centring function.
  • the proximal guide portion may be a flange portion, i.e. a region of increased diameter.
  • the proximal guide portion separates a control chamber from a fuel accumulator volume.
  • the injection nozzle may be configured such that, in use, the fuel pressure immediately upstream of the guiding means is substantially equal to the fuel pressure immediately downstream of the guiding means.
  • the guiding means causes substantially no flow restriction.
  • an injection nozzle 21 comprises a needle 22 arranged within an elongate hollow nozzle body 23.
  • the distal end or tip 24 of the needle 22 is biased into contact with a generally conical seat 25 within the nozzle body 23 by means of a compression spring (not shown), so as to seal the nozzle 21.
  • the end 27 of the nozzle body 23 is provided with one or more small apertures 28 through which fuel is injected into the engine.
  • the injection nozzle 21 is provided with an upper or proximal guiding region 30, which serves to centre the needle 22 within the nozzle body 23.
  • a lower or distal guide is provided by means of a separate ring or collar 31 which functions to centre the lower part of the needle 22 within the nozzle body 23.
  • the collar 31 is provided close to the lower end of the needle 22.
  • the collar 31 in this embodiment is in the form of a solid circular ring having an upper end surface 32 lying within a plane perpendicular to the axis of the ring 31 and a lower end surface 33 in the form of a truncated cone having the same cone angle as that of the conical seat 25.
  • fuel is supplied to the injection nozzle 21 from a high-pressure fuel supply in the form of a common rail (not shown).
  • the fuel passes through a channel 34 within the nozzle body 23 to a fuel accumulator volume 29.
  • the injection nozzle 21 includes a control valve (not shown) which controls the movement of the needle 22 with respect to the valve seat 25 at the tip of the injection nozzle 21.
  • the control valve is operable to increase or decrease the fuel pressure in a control chamber 41 disposed at the end of the needle 22 opposite the tip 24, by controlling flow between the control chamber 41 and a low-pressure drain (not shown).
  • the control chamber 41 is connected to the high-pressure fuel supply, so that the pressure in the control chamber 41 can be switched between the relatively high supply pressure and a relatively low pressure according to the position of the control valve.
  • the control valve When the control valve is operated to connect the control chamber 41 to drain, the pressure of fuel in the control chamber 41 decreases, and the higher pressure of fuel in the accumulator volume 29 causes the needle 22 to move away from the seat 25 of the nozzle body 23. This allows the fuel to be sprayed through the apertures 28 and enter the engine.
  • the control valve moves to prevent communication between the control chamber 41 and the drain, the pressure in the control chamber 41 increases back to the supply pressure, and as a result the needle 22 moves back on to the seat 25 so as to seal the injection nozzle 21 and end the injection.
  • a flow restriction is included between the high-pressure supply and the accumulator volume 29.
  • the flow restriction is in the form of a restricted orifice (not shown) in the supply channel 34.
  • a further compression spring 35 is provided between the upper planar surface 32 of the collar 31 and a lower surface 36 of a flange 37 within the upper end of the needle 22.
  • the compression spring 35 provides a biasing force which retains the collar 31 in position on the conical seat 25.
  • the upper planar end surface 32 of the collar 31 serves to provide a suitable seat for the lower end of the compression spring 35
  • the lower conical end surface 33 of the collar 31 serves to abut the conical seat 35 of the nozzle body 23 so as to perform the desired centring function.
  • the side surface of the lower end of the needle 22 is formed with slots or flutes 38 in order to provide one or more channels along which the fuel can pass from the accumulator volume 29 to the apertures 28.
  • the flutes 38 provide a relatively large flow area for fuel, so that the fuel pressure downstream of the collar 31 is substantially the same as the fuel pressure upstream of the collar 31 during injection. Said another way, in this embodiment, the collar 31 causes substantially no restriction in fuel flow.
  • the upper guiding region 30 comprises a bore in the nozzle body 23 within which the upper end of the needle 22 can slide.
  • the flange 37 at the upper end of the needle is slidable within the bore, and in this way the flange 37 separates fuel in the control chamber 41 from fuel in the accumulator volume 29.
  • the upper guiding region may be a bore in another component.
  • FIG. 4 A second embodiment is illustrated in Figures 4, (5a) and 5(b) , in which the same reference numerals as in Figure 3 are used to indicate the same or equivalent features.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the injection nozzle
  • Figures 5(a) and 5(b) are schematic side and cross-sectional views respectively of the collar 31.
  • This embodiment is substantially identical to that described above with reference to Figure 3 , except that the outer surface of the needle 22 is not provided with any channels. Instead, the collar 31 of this embodiment is formed with a number of elongate slots 39 in the lower end which serve as channels for enabling the passage of fuel from the accumulator volume 29 to the apertures 28.
  • the elongate slots 39 thus provide the same function in this embodiment as do the slots or flutes formed in the needle in the embodiment described above with reference to Figure 3 .
  • Figures 6(a) and 6(b) An alternative arrangement is illustrated in Figures 6(a) and 6(b) , in which the elongate slots are replaced with a number of circular holes 40 formed in the sides of the collar 31, which provide an alternative set of channels for the fuel to pass from the accumulator volume 29 to the apertures 28.
  • Figure 6(a) is a schematic side view of the collar 31, and
  • Figure 6(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the collar 31.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP13166122.5A 2013-05-01 2013-05-01 Einspritzdüse Withdrawn EP2799706A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13166122.5A EP2799706A1 (de) 2013-05-01 2013-05-01 Einspritzdüse

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13166122.5A EP2799706A1 (de) 2013-05-01 2013-05-01 Einspritzdüse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2799706A1 true EP2799706A1 (de) 2014-11-05

Family

ID=48288839

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13166122.5A Withdrawn EP2799706A1 (de) 2013-05-01 2013-05-01 Einspritzdüse

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2799706A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3054614A1 (fr) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-02 Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.A.R.L. Corps de buse d'injecteur

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9301992U1 (de) * 1993-02-12 1994-06-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE19755057A1 (de) * 1997-12-11 1999-06-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse für selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschinen
DE19823939A1 (de) * 1998-05-28 1999-12-30 Siemens Ag Kraftstoff-Einspritzventil mit Führungshülse
DE102004060552A1 (de) * 2004-12-16 2006-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102005030868A1 (de) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventile bei Kraftmaschinen
DE102007062792A1 (de) * 2007-12-27 2009-07-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
DE102008012356A1 (de) * 2008-03-03 2009-09-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9301992U1 (de) * 1993-02-12 1994-06-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE19755057A1 (de) * 1997-12-11 1999-06-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse für selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschinen
DE19823939A1 (de) * 1998-05-28 1999-12-30 Siemens Ag Kraftstoff-Einspritzventil mit Führungshülse
DE102004060552A1 (de) * 2004-12-16 2006-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine
US20080296411A1 (en) * 2004-12-16 2008-12-04 Rudolf Heinz Fuel Injection Valve for an Internal Combustion Engine
DE102005030868A1 (de) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventile bei Kraftmaschinen
DE102007062792A1 (de) * 2007-12-27 2009-07-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil
DE102008012356A1 (de) * 2008-03-03 2009-09-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3054614A1 (fr) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-02 Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.A.R.L. Corps de buse d'injecteur
EP3279465A1 (de) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-07 Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.à r.l. Einspritzdüsenkörper

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