EP2795729B1 - Electrical connection device for producing a solder connection and method for the production thereof - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an electrical connection device for producing a solder joint according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for the production thereof according to claim 17.

Solder joints are among the most common types of connection in the field of electrical and electronic equipment technology.

However, there are also applications in which, for example, an electrical connection between connecting wires or generally connecting lines on the one hand and electrically conductive contact elements on the other side are to be made, which consist for example of non-solderable materials. For this purpose, for example, strip conductors, as may be provided on a plate-shaped substrate, or generally plate-shaped conductors in the form of metal sheets or metal strips, etc. belong.

This raises the question of how to make a permanent electrically solderable connection of a highly electrically conductive material or metal to such a stripline or other consisting of non-solderable material conductor.

Non-solderable strip conductors are often used in the form of thin-walled sheets, which can be mounted, for example, on dielectric substrate. In contrast, the strip conductors or strip lines can also be mounted in front of a metallic surface using air as a dielectric. Strip waveguides, which are mounted at a distance in front of an electrically conductive reflector plate and are held by means of an insulating body which is mounted on the reflector plate, are frequently used, in particular in mobile radio technology. At such a strip conductor then, for example, an electrical connection connection must optionally be made using copper wires, etc. It would be advantageous if such good solderable connection wires can be soldered to the strip conductors.

In that regard, only for example on the DE 10 2005 047 957 A1 referenced, the contents of which US 7,358,924 B2 equivalent. Here capacitive coupling means are described, which are arranged using air in the distance in front of a reflector plate, here, as mentioned, connections to the strip lines must be soldered.

Just as galvanic contacts are known in which, for example, two printed circuit boards or printed conductors are screwed together.

A method and a device for fastening an insert in a plate material is for example from CH 383 082 known. It is assumed that a metal, a sheet or an insulating material, which is designed plate-shaped. In this plate, a cylindrical insert is to be pressed, which is provided in a partial height in the axial direction on its outer periphery with a knurling. By means of a pressing tool, ie a punch and serving as a counter support cylindrical hollow punch can then be pre-pressed in the direction of plate, the cylindrical insert, wherein a cylindrical material portion of the plate is punched out by the hollow punch. Here then the cylindrical insert can be pressed. The outer circumference of the press-fit piece corresponds in principle to the inner diameter of the cylindrical punched-out bore, wherein only the knurling of the insert piece may have a slightly larger outer diameter in order to be able to scrape the axially extending flanks of the knurling into the surface of the cylindrical recess in the plate during assembly. This is to ensure a good interference fit.

A comparable solution is also from the DE 10 2007 057 501 A1 known. Again, a press-in connection using a bolt with an outer contour is preferably proposed in the form of knurling, which is adapted to a correspondingly matched by its diameter surface design of a hole in a busbar.

The anchoring of a two-stage plug element with stepped arranged Außenrändelung and a correspondingly stepped recess of a wall portion of a housing wall is made of DE 102 59 803 B3 to be known as known. Again, by the interaction of the knurling on the outer circumference of the plug-in element and the inner surface of the stepped bore to be ensured by notching effected optimum interference fit.

At the time of the DE 20 2006 020 456 U1 known device for producing an electrically conductive connection, a contact plug is proposed, which can be inserted into a corresponding bore in an electrically conductive counterpart.

In contrast, it is an object of the present invention to provide a way to produce a good electrical connection between solderable and not solderable or poorly solderable materials, in a simple and inexpensive manner feasible. In particular, it must be ensured that intermodulation-stable and intermodulation-free electrical connections can be implemented.

The WO-2005 079 127 discloses an electrical connection device as in the preamble of appended claim 1.

The object is achieved with respect to a connection device by the features specified in claim 1 and with respect to a corresponding manufacturing method for such a connection device according to the features indicated in claim 17. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

It must be described as extremely surprising that in the context of the invention by comparatively simple measures an optimal electrical connection between solderable and non-solderable materials can be made.

According to the invention this is achieved by using so-called. Press-in, which consist of a solderable material and are pressed into strip or plate-shaped materials that are not themselves solderable or extremely poorly solderable.

These press-fit bolts have a stamp-shaped connection side on which a solder connection can be made. In this case, the press-in bolts are pressed in the manner of a punch through a plate-shaped non-solderable material, whereby the non-solderable material is pierced in particular as strip conductor material, which receives a broken circumferential edge material in the penetration of the press-fit pin. With this edge of the material, a base peripheral area of the press-in pin is held while achieving high press-in and clamping forces, the head of the press-in pin protruding beyond this strip conductor material edge being available as a soldering point.

The clamping portion on the peripheral edge of the press-in pin, which cooperates with the broken-up during the pressing-in edge of the material nicht solderable plate material and holds the press-in bolts may preferably be provided with a circumferential knurling. This creates an excellent frictional connection between the wall material of the press-in pin and the non-solderable material adjacent thereto.

The press-fit bolt is ultimately used as a press or stamping die to deform a corresponding plate-shaped material, wherein the press-in pin is then left behind in this quasi after penetration of the non-solderable material.

The advantage also lies in the fact that the corresponding deformation of the non-solderable material is carried out by the press-in pin itself, so that ultimately there are no tolerance deviations in the press connection between the outer and inner part.

The formation of a clean circumferential material portion which is bent during the press-fitting of Einpressbolzens and rests on the outer periphery of Einpressbolzens, is realized in that preferably at the relevant point of the strip or plate-shaped material, a bore or punching is first introduced, which is the center for pressing of Einpressbolzens forms.

The flanged edge of the material, which is formed during the pressing of the press-in and protrudes beyond the thickness of the plate-shaped material, at the same time also serves to prevent tilting of the press-in pin. Because of the flanged edge of the material of the bolt is held with a larger total area of the surrounding material edge in a press fit. In the case of thin sheets, otherwise the penetration in the plate material would be critical since the pin could otherwise tilt more easily if pressure or tensile forces are applied laterally. The solution according to the invention therefore also significantly improves the long-term stability under radial tensile or compressive loads.

The electrical connection connection thus formed is particularly suitable for the connection of coaxial cables, with particularly good solder joints are then also feasible when the press-in pin, for example, tinned or silvered or, for. made of brass, etc.

Even existing oxide layers on the surface of the non-solderable material are ultimately not a hindrance, as by the pressing of the Einpressbolzens and by the material deformation of the non-solderable material is accompanied by a self-cleaning effect and especially knurled Einpressbolzen this knurling even better notched into the non-solderable material and cuts.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is also possible that the press-in pin is provided in the circumferential direction with at least one circumferential recess or groove, which may be formed concave in axial vertical section, for example (different cross-sectional configurations of this groove are possible). It is also possible that, for example, two such, circumferential in the circumferential direction on the outer circumference of the Einpressbolzens grooves are provided which are offset from one another in an axial height. These at least one or more grooves should come to lie in the compressed state in the range of the material thickness of the plate-shaped or sheet-like material. As a result of this embodiment, in the remaining contact region, an even increased pressure and contact pressure between the plate-shaped or sheet-like material on the one hand and the circumferential surface of the injection bolt is ensured, which avoids possible intermodulation even better and safer.

The invention can be used in all relevant areas in which electrically solderable and electrically non-solderable materials are to be soldered together. This is especially true in a solder joint in electrically highly conductive materials such as coaxial inner conductors with strip conductors.

Figur 1a :

eine schematische räumliche Darstellung eines platten- oder streifenförmigen Materials, welches elektrisch nicht oder schlecht lötfähig ist, und an welchem ein elektrisch gut lötfähiger Leiter elektrisch angebunden werden soll;

Figur 1b :

ein Einpressbolzen, der als Basis für die Herstellung einer elektrischen gut lötfähigen Verbindung dient, und zwar in schematischer räumlicher Darstellung;

Figur 1c :

eine Draufsicht auf den in Figur la gezeigten streifen- oder plattenförmigen Leiter mit in diesem eingepressten Einpressbolzen;

Figur 2a :

eine entsprechende Seitendarstellung des Ausführungsbeispiels nach Figur 1c;

Figur 2b :

eine entsprechende Seitendarstellung ähnlich zu Figur 2a, und zwar teilweise im Schnitt längs der Linie IIa-IIa in Figur 1c mit einer entsprechenden Seitenansicht des Einpressbolzens;

Figur 2c :

eine Schnittdarstellung längs der Linie IIa-IIa in Figur 1c unter Darstellung des Einpressbolzens im Axialschnitt;

Figur 3 :

eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung eines zu Figur 1b abweichenden Einpressbolzens, der ohne Rändelung an seinem Außenumfang gestaltet ist;

Figuren 4a bis 4c :

entsprechende Darstellung zu Figur 2a bis 2c, jedoch für einen Einpressbolzen ohne Rändelung an seinem Außenumfang, wie er anhand von Figur 3 gezeigt ist;

Figur 5 :

eine schematische Querschnittdarstellung durch ein Presswerkzeug zur Verdeutlichung, wie der Einpressbolzen in das streifen- oder plattenförmige Material eingepresst wird;

Figuren 6a und 6b:

zwei abgewandelte Ausführungsbeispiele eines Einpressbolzen der in Abweichung zum Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 3 eine oder zwei umlaufende Nuten an seinem Außenumfang aufweist;

Figur 7:

eine Ausführungsbeispiel in Abwandlung zu Figur 5 unter Verwendung eines Einpressbolzen gemäß Figur 6a; und

Figuren 8a und 8b:

eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung sowie eine schematische Draufsicht auf ein Anwendungsbeispiel unter Verdeutlichung, wie ein Innenleiter eines Koaxialkabels mit einem Streifenleiter unter Verwendung eines zwischengeschalteten erfindungsgemäßen Einpressbolzens mittels einer Lötverbindung verlötet wird.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. In detail:

FIG. 1a

a schematic spatial representation of a plate-shaped or strip-shaped material which is not electrically or poorly solderable, and to which an electrically good solderable conductor to be electrically connected;

FIG. 1b

a press-fit bolt, which serves as the basis for the production of a good electrical solderable connection, in a schematic spatial representation;

FIG. 1c:

a plan view of the strip or plate-shaped conductor shown in Figure la with in this pressed-Einpressbolzen;

FIG. 2a:

a corresponding page representation of the embodiment according to Figure 1c ;

FIG. 2b:

a similar page presentation similar to FIG. 2a , partly in section along the line IIa-IIa in Figure 1c with a corresponding side view of the press-in pin;

FIG. 2c:

a sectional view taken along the line IIa-IIa in Figure 1c showing the press-in pin in axial section;

FIG. 3:

a schematic perspective view of an FIG. 1b deviating press-in pin, which is designed without knurling on its outer circumference;

FIGS. 4a to 4c:

corresponding representation too FIGS. 2a to 2c , but for a press-in pin without knurling on its outer circumference, as it is based on FIG. 3 is shown;

FIG. 5:

a schematic cross-sectional view through a pressing tool to illustrate how the press-in pin is pressed into the strip or plate-shaped material;

FIGS. 6a and 6b:

two modified embodiments of a press-in of the in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. 3 has one or two circumferential grooves on its outer periphery;

FIG. 7:

an embodiment in modification to FIG. 5 using a press-in bolt according to FIG. 6a ; and

FIGS. 8a and 8b:

a schematic cross-sectional view and a schematic plan view of an application example illustrating how an inner conductor of a coaxial cable is soldered to a strip conductor using an intermediate Einpressbolzens invention by means of a solder joint.

In FIG. 1a is shown in excerpts in schematic representation a plan view of an electrically non-solderable plate or strip-shaped material 1, which is referred to below as strip conductor 1 '. In this case, the invention is concerned with making an electrical solderable connection to such a strip-shaped or plate-shaped conductor 1, which consists of a non-solderable material or at least of a poorly solderable material or at least coated with such a material and / or coated.

The term "strip conductor" is used to represent all plate or strip-shaped materials 1, for which a solder joint to another good solderable conductor is to be produced.

It is also in FIG. 1b shown in a schematic spatial representation of a press-in pin 5, as used in the context of the present invention for producing a good electrical solderable connection. In Figure 1c is then finally a top view of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material 1, in particular in the form of a strip conductor 1 'in plan view reproduced, with a top view of the overhead, still discussed below head of Einpressbolzens 5, which passes through the plate or strip-shaped material 1.

In the FIGS. 2a to 2c are views parallel to the plane of the strip conductor 1 'reproduced, in FIG. 2a in uncut state (ie according to the viewing direction according to the arrow IIa in Figure 1c ), in Figure 2c in a cross section transverse to the line IIc-IIc in Figure 1c , wherein a corresponding representation in FIG. 2b is reproduced, but in which a strip conductor 1 'passing through the press-in pin 5 is reproduced in uncut state.

Out FIG. 1b It can be seen that the press-in pin 5 has a solderable bolt head 7, in particular with an end face 7 ', which has a tapered cross-section with respect to the bolt body 9 located underneath. In this case, the bolt head 7 goes with its flattened shoulders 11 in the bolt body 9, which has a larger diameter than the bolt head 7. It should preferably not only the end face 7 'or alternatively the adjoining flattened shoulder portion of the bolt head 7, but preferably the entire bolt head 7 including its overhead end face 7 'and the adjoining flattened shoulders 11 to be well soldered, because the press-in pin 5 is made from a good home-solderable material or at least in this area is covered with a good solderable material.

Below the shoulder region 11 there is a press fit 13 between the press-in pin 5 and the strip conductor 1 '. The bolt body 9 has in the embodiment according to the Figures 1b and 2a to 2c at least in the region of its press fit 13 on an outer circumference 9 ', which is provided with a knurling 15. The knurling 15 comprises a plurality of extending in the axial longitudinal direction and circumferentially parallel to each other offset ribs 15a, which protrude radially and a particularly firm press fit 13 to the circumferential edge of material 101 of the plate or strip-shaped electrically non-solderable or electrically poorly solderable material 1 ensure.

Apart from the in FIG. 1b shown, extending in the axial longitudinal direction knurling 15 can also be used in principle any other shaped knurling, for example, a knurling is provided with cross-ribs (cross-knurling) or a knurling, which rotates helically on the outer circumference 9 'of the bolt body 9, only is provided with formed in sections ribs, etc .. There are no fundamental restrictions on certain types and shapes of knurling.

The basis of FIG. 1b shown ribs 15a of the knurling 15 have on their side facing the bolt head 7 side a wedge-shaped or wedge-like shape 15b, so taper increasingly. This facilitates the below-discussed press-in movement in the material. 1

As mentioned, so ultimately comes the solderable bolt head 7, which has on its upper side a solderable surface LF, to lie at a distance to the plane of the plate or strip-shaped material 1, on one side 1a of the plate or strip-shaped material 1, on which a material edge 101 more or less perpendicular to the plane E of the plate or strip-shaped material 1, 1 'projects. This generally circumferential material edge 101 is materially connected to the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material 1, 1 'and formed during the manufacturing process to be discussed below by deformation of a material portion of the plate or strip-shaped material 1, 1'. This material edge 101 is thus under bias on the outer circumference 9 'of the press-in bolt 5 under a fixed bias, whereby the desired interference fit 13 is realized.

As not shown in detail, but also the bottom or base 8 of the press-in bolt 5 can be soldered (for example, if the press-in pin 5 consists of a good solderable material or coated with a good solderable material) or has at least at its bottom or base side. 8 as an alternative or in addition to the solderable bolt head 7, a solderable, ie, well solderable surface LF. Finally, it is already mentioned at this point for the sake of completeness that the press-fit bolt does not have to be worked into the plate-like or strip-shaped material 1, 1 'to form a passage opening 14, that its lower or base side 8 with the bottom 1b of the plate or strip-shaped material 1, 1 'must be aligned. Rather, it would also be possible for the lower or base side 8 to protrude further beyond the plane E of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material 1, 1 '. That the press-in bolt so far is inserted, that its lower or base side 8 above the plane E of the plate or strip-shaped material 1, 1 'comes to rest, in which the press-in bolt can still be held by the material edge 101 is rather undesirable, since then the pressing forces between Remove material edge 101 and the outer circumference 9 'of the bolt body.

The embodiment according to the Figures 3 and 4a to 4c corresponds to that previously explained embodiment, with the difference that the press-in pin 5 is not provided in the region of its press fit 13 with a knurling 15, but has a more or less smooth outer circumference 9 ', as is particularly apparent from the perspective view FIG. 3 results.

Based on FIG. 5 will be described below how the connection of the bolt body 9 is made with the strip conductor 1 '.

For this purpose, a pressing tool 21 is used with an upper punch 23, which is designed cylindrical in the embodiment shown and is surrounded by a tubular outer punch or hold-down 25. Below a tubular die 27 is further arranged, so a die 27 with a central recess 27 a.

To produce the desired compound, corresponding material sections of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped electrically non-conductive or poorly conductive material 1 are placed on the matrix, for example in the form of the mentioned strip conductor 1 '. The hold-down 25 is doing in the in FIG. 5 down shown representation, so the plate-like or strip-shaped material 1, 1 'is held clamped between the end or pressing side 25a of the outer tubular hold-down 25 and the pressing or supporting surface 27b of the die 27.

In the axially extending central bore 25b of the hold-down 25 of the aforementioned press-in pin 5 is inserted pointing with its somewhat tapered pin head 7 in the direction of the die 27. Subsequently, in the interior 25b of the tubular holding-down device 25, the actual punch 23 in the illustration according to FIG FIG. 5 pressed down from top to bottom, the leading press or end face 23a of the punch 23 rests on the bottom or bottom side 8 of the press-in pin 5 and presses the press-in pin 5 with high pressing forces in the still closed material 1, 1 '. When using correspondingly high pressures then breaks the material 1, 1 ', wherein the press-in pin 5 through the punch 23 continues to his in FIG. 5 shown end position is advanced, in which the punch movement is then stopped.

During the press-fitting process and the tearing open of the strip conductor material, a circumferential edge of material 101 forms in the recess 27a of the die 27 due to the high pressing forces in cooperation with the cylindrical inner wall 27a, which in the continuous press-in movement of the press-fit pin extends into its in FIG. 5 shown end position is increasingly widening.

In order to avoid a crater-shaped tearing open of the material edge 101 interacting with the bolt body 9, ie, the outer circumference 9 'of the press-in pin 5, a corresponding one is preferred before the press-in pin is pressed in Centering or centering hole at the point in the plate or strip-shaped material 1, 1 'is introduced, to which the press-in pin 5 is to be pressed. In this case, the opening in the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material 1, 1 'should preferably have a diameter which is larger than the possibly leading preferably flat-trained head 7. In other words, the press-in bolt should be designed so that it already in a diameter range with a conical or shoulder-shaped sloping edge 11 in the pre-punched or pre-inserted opening in the material 1, 1 'engages. Therefore, all sections in which the press-in pin 5 changes from a smaller diameter to a larger diameter are preferably in the press-in direction R (FIG. FIG. 5 ) conical, ie wedge-shaped in section. The incipient knurling has in the press-fitting direction R conical initial flanks 15b, which then pass into the corresponding possibly also slightly conically widening remaining portion of the ribs 15a of the knurling 15.

In particular, when in the region of the press fit 13 of the bolt body 9 is provided with the circumferential knurling 15, results in a particularly strong and intense, a good electrical connection generating press fit between the bolt body 9 and the electrically non-conductive material. 1

Thus, in order to improve the deformation of the material 1, 1 'and to avoid a torn crater formation in the region of the folded material edge 101, the material is pre-punched at the relevant point at which the bolt body 9 is pressed into the material 1, 1' , wherein the size of these Vorlochung material dependent can be optimized. The surfaces of the bolt body 9 are at least partially conical or slightly conical, at least in the axial direction, in particular by the formation of said shoulders 11 and / or the ribs 15 a.

The materials used for the material 1, 1 'and for the bolt body 9 may be self-locking or at least have a self-locking surface. The bolt body may be made of brass, tinned or silvered etc ..

If the plate-like or strip-shaped material 1 is still heated prior to the introduction of the press-fit pin 5, an additional shrinkage effect in the material 1, 1 'can contribute to the subsequent cooling of the material edge 101 with an even higher pressing action on the outer circumference of the pin body 9 in the region of its interference fit 13 is applied. Likewise, alternatively or additionally, the press-fit bolt 5 could be cooled prior to introduction of the press-fit bolt, so that the press fit after inserting the press-in bolt 5 into the material 1, 1 'is improved by also improving the material of the press-in bolt 5 by the expansion process of the press-fit bolt becomes.

Based on Figures 6a and 6b two modifications for the press-in pin 5 are shown.

In the variant according to FIG. 6a is in the region of the press fit 13, that is introduced on the outer circumference 9 'of the bolt body 9, a circumferential groove 55a, which may have a concave shape, for example, in axial vertical section. But it can also be a different cross-section be used, for example, a U-shaped cross-section with the bottom surface of the groove perpendicular or oblique groove walls etc. In the variant according to FIG. 6b two such circumferential grooves 55a and 55b are provided in the axial offset to one another in the region of the press fit 13 on the outer circumference 9 'of the injection body 9. This has the consequence that - as based on FIG. 7 in deviation from the embodiment according to FIG. 5 is indicated - that during the pressing operation of the press-in bolt in the material 1, 1 'during the application of high pressing forces by the deformation taking place, a certain part of the material 1, 1' in this one or two groove-shaped recesses or recesses 55a and 55b can flow into it and thus not only a stable and firm Verpresssitz and thus not only a frictional, but above all, a positive connection between the material 1, 1 'and the press-in pin 5 can be made. As a result, even higher pressing forces are achieved in the remaining compression region between the outer circumference 9 'of the bolt 5 and the inner wall 101' as part of the interference fit 13, whereby a better electrical-galvanic transition to the press-in bolt 5 also on the upper side 1a as well as on the lower side 1b is produced. This further reduces the risk of undesired intermodulation.

Based on FIG. 8a is only for the sake of completeness in cross section and in FIG. 8b schematically shown in a corresponding plan view, such as in front of a fragmentary reproduced in cross-section sheet metal, such as a reflector 31 in a mobile radio antenna for a base station to an angle bracket 33, for example in the form of a Anlötlasche a coaxial cable 34 and held is anchored, wherein the insulating jacket 35 of the coaxial cable 34 is removed according to the end, so that the underneath exposed outer conductor 37 is electrically conductively connected to the reflector plate 31, for example, with the electrically good conductive bracket 33 and above.

About the end face of the end of the outer conductor 37 and located below the outer and inner conductor dielectric 38 is then the inner conductor 39 frontally over the so remote end of the coaxial over, then then for example in parallel position to the plate or strip-shaped material 1, in particular Form of a strip conductor 1 'comes to rest and can be soldered at its free end to a transversely to the material 1 or Streiferleiter 1' above electrically well solderable press-in pin 5 on the bolt head 7, for example, not on the top of the plant 7, but in the area of also good solderable shoulder portion 11th

This embodiment also shows that not only the uppermost flat surface of the bolt head 7, but also the adjoining shoulder portion 11 of the press-in pin 5 from home can be equipped or coated with a good solderable surface LF, not only to an electrical line the uppermost face 7 'of the bolt head 7, but also optionally in his shoulder area 11 to be able to solder well.

In the context of the invention, a wide variety of strip or plate-shaped conductors 1, 1 'can be used. The thickness range of these strip- or plate-shaped conductors 1, 1 'may vary widely be selected as long as appropriate processing in the invention is possible. In particular, the press-fit pin 13 can be used with conductors 1 having a thickness ranging up to 5 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm or even 10 mm. Plates with a thickness range of less than 4 mm, in particular less than 3 mm, 2 mm are also possible.

However, the invention can also be used with very thin, sheet-like conductors and plates, for example in the form of sheets in the form of sheets, which have a thickness of 0.4 mm and more, in particular a thickness of at least 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm , 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm or 1 mm. Thus, the invention can be optimally implemented especially in areas of not only 0.4 mm, but in particular from about 1 mm to 2 mm plate or sheet thickness. In this case, all electrically conductive plate or strip conductor-shaped plates or sheets into consideration, which are for example produced in a rolling process, which are made as a die-cast part, which consist of an extrusion or which are made by other processing steps including sawing, punching and deformation. There are no restrictions in this respect.

The press-fit bolt can consist of all suitable materials. In particular, materials such as brass, copper, bronze are suitable for this purpose.

It therefore appears from the description and the drawings that the press-in bolt 5 has a bolt head 7, which has a significantly smaller diameter than the encircling jacket, that is to say has a smaller diameter than the circumferential surface of the bolt body 9. In this case, the circumferential jacket or the circumferential surface of the bolt body 9 may be provided smoothly or with a knurling, which then projects even further radially beyond the diameter of the bolt head 7. As a result, a preferably continuous transition from the bolt head 7 over increasingly wider, flank-shaped shoulders 11 is realized in the actual bolt body 9. This makes it possible that the corresponding plate material is deformed when penetrating the Einpressbolzens 5 by the interaction with the increasingly wider and flank-shaped shoulder, to form a transversely to the plate material protruding material edge 101. The flanged edge of the material 101 (that is, the flanged Material edge 101 in its entire height including the thickness of the plate or strip-shaped material 1, 1 ') may have a height which is greater than the 1,1-, 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4- , 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 , 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3.0 times the thickness of the plate or strip material 1, 1 '. In other words, a configuration is generally favorable and sufficient if the total height of the flanged material edge 101 (including the thickness of the plate and strip material) is not greater than the 3.0, 2.9, 2.8 , 2,7-, 2,6-, 2,5-, 2,4-, 2,3-, 2,2-, 2,1-, 2,0-, 1,9-, 1,8- , 1.7, 1.6, 1.5 times the thickness of the plate or strip material 1, 1 '.

The press-in pin 5 can also be formed in wide areas with different dimensions.

Preferably, the press-in pin 5 is dimensioned such that the diameter in the region of its bolt body 9 For example, between 1.5 mm to 7 mm, preferably has a diameter greater than 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.25 mm, 3, 5 mm, 3.75 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.25 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.75 mm or larger than 5.0 mm. Further, it is sufficient for many applications, when the outer diameter of the bolt body 9 is not greater than 8.0 mm, in particular less than 7.5 mm, 7.0 mm, 6.5 mm, 5.0 mm, 4.75 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.25 mm, 4.0 mm, 3.75 mm, 3.5 mm and in particular smaller than 3.0 mm.

The axial length or height of Einpressbolzens 5 can also be chosen differently in many areas. Preferably, the axial length of the Einpressbolzens 5 is a measure that corresponds to at least 1.5 times the thickness of the plate or strip-shaped material 1, 1 '. Preferably, the axial height of the Einpressbolzens 5 is at least 2, 3, 4, 4.5 or about 5 times as large as the thickness of the plate or strip-shaped material 1, 1 '. On the other hand, it is usually sufficient if the axial length or height of the press-in pin 5 is not greater than 10 times the thickness of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material 1, 1 ', in particular not higher than the 9, 7, 6 or 6.5 times the thickness of the plate or strip material 1, 1 '.

The ratio between the diameter of the bolt body 9 (in the region of its interference fit) and the diameter of the bolt head 7 can also be chosen differently. In many cases it is sufficient for the maximum diameter of the part of the bolt body 9 press-fitted in the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material 1, 1 'to be at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, 110%, 120%, 130%, 140% or even by 150% larger than the diameter of the bolt head 7. Conversely, it is usually sufficient if the maximum diameter of the bolt body 9 in the region of its press fit is less than 200% greater than the diameter of the bolt head 7, ie in particular less than 180%, 160%, 150%, 140%, 130%, 120%, 110%, 100%, 90% or less than 80%. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the diameter of the bolt body 9 is approximately 75% to 90% larger than the diameter of the bolt head 7.

Claims (22)

1. Electrical connection device on a plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1') which is non-solderable or poorly solderable or is provided with a non-solderable or poorly solderable surface, having the following features:

   - a press-in bolt (5) is pressed into the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1'),

   - the press-in bolt (5) has an external circumferential region (9') which is compressed with the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1') to form a press fit (13),

   - the press-in bolt (5) consists of an easily solderable material or is covered at least in portions with an easily solderable material to form a soldering area (LF),

   characterised by the following further features:

   - the press-in bolt (5) comprises a bolt head (7) which has a tapered cross-section by comparison with the bolt body (9) located below it, in such a way that the bolt head (7) transitions, via a flank (11) which descends conically or in a shoulder shape, into the bolt body (9) having an outer circumference (9') of a larger diameter than the bolt head (7),

   - the outer circumference (9') of the bolt body (9) is made smooth or provided with a knurling (15),

   - the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1') is provided with a bordered material rim (101) in the region of the penetration by the press-in bolt (5), and

   - inside the material rim (101), a circumferential region of the bolt body (9) of the press-in bolt (5) is compressed to form a press fit.
2. Connection device according to claim 1, characterised in that the press-in bolt (5) projects beyond the height of the material rim (101) of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1') in the axial direction.
3. Connection device according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the press-in bolt (5) comprises a solderable bolt head (7) and/or a solderable area (LF) on one side (1a), on which the material rim (101) is formed, of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1'), and comprises a base face (8) having a solderable connection area (LF) on the other side (1 b) of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1').
4. Connection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the press-in bolt (5) is formed, at least in sections, conically or slightly conically convergent towards the projecting material rim (101), in such a way that the press-in bolt (5) transitions from the region having a smaller diameter towards its press fit (13) in a region having a comparatively larger diameter.
5. Connection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the knurling (15) formed on the outer circumference (9') of the bolt body (9) of the press-in bolt (5) comprises ribs (15a) positioned mutually offset in the circumferential direction.
6. Connection device according to claim 5, characterised in that the ribs (15a) of the knurling (15) are formed parallel to the axial direction of the press-in bolt (5) or extend in an angular orientation or are formed in a cross-knurling.
7. Connection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the press-in bolt (5) is also formed at least slightly conical in the region of the press fit (13) thereof, in particular comprising ribs (15a) which are formed at least slightly wedge-shaped and in particular comprising flanks (15') which lead in a wedge shape in a pressing direction and which are formed on the ribs (15a).
8. Connection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the bolt body (9) is formed, in the region of the press fit (13) thereof, without knurling, in particular with a restructured surface.
9. Connection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the press-in bolt (5) is provided as a whole with a highly electrically conductive surface, in particular being tin-coated or silver-coated.
10. Connection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the press-in bolt (5) consists of brass, copper and/or bronze or comprises these materials.
11. Connection device according to any one of claims 3 to 10, characterised in that the solderable bolt head (7) projects beyond the plane (E) of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1'), in particular projecting axially beyond the material rim (101).
12. Connection device according to any one of claims 3 to 11, characterised in that the underside or base (8) of the press-in bolt (5) is positioned in the same plane as the underside (1b) of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1').
13. Connection device according to any one of claims 3 to 11, characterised in that the underside or base (8) of the press-in bolt (5) is positioned above or below the plane formed by the underside (1 b) of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1').
14. Connection device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that at least one or two circumferential groove-shaped depressions (55a, 55b) are formed on the outer circumference (9) of the press-in bolt (5), in particular in the region of the press fit (13) thereof.
15. Connection device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the material thickness of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1') is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and in particular less than 10 mm, in particular greater than 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm or 1 mm and in particular less than 9 mm, 8 mm, 7 mm, 6 mm, 5 mm, 4 mm, 3 mm and in particular 2 mm.
16. Connection device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the diameter of the bolt body (9) in the region of the press fit thereof is at least 10 %, preferably at least 20 %, 30 %, 40 %, 50 %, 60 %, 70 %, 80 %, 90 %, 100 %, 110 %, 120 %, 130 %, 140 % or even 150 % greater than the diameter of the bolt head (7), and/or the maximum diameter of the bolt body (9) in the region of the press fit thereof is less than 200 % greater than the diameter of the bolt head (7) in particular less than 180 %, 160%, 150 %, 140 %, 130 %, 120 %, 110 %, 100 %, 90 % or preferably less than 80 %.
17. Method for producing an electrical connection device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, having the following features:

    - a press-in bolt (5) is pressed into the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1') by means of a pressing tool until the press-in bolt penetrates the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1'),

    - the press-in bolt (5) used consists of an easily solderable material or is covered at least in portions with an easily solderable material to form a soldering area (LF),

    characterised by the following further features:

    - a press-in bolt (5) is used which comprises a bolt head (7) which has a tapered cross-section by comparison with the bolt body (9) located below it, in such a way that the bolt head (7) transitions, via a flank (11) which descends conically or in a shoulder shape, into the bolt body (9) having an outer circumference ('9) of a larger diameter than the bolt head (7), the outer circumference of the bolt body (9) being made smooth or provided with a knurling (15),

    - while the press-in bolt (5) is being pressed into the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1'), during the penetration of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material by the press-in bolt (5), a material rim (101), which belongs to and projects beyond the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1') and in which the press-in bolt (5) is held pressed in so as to form a press fit (13) in the region of the outer circumference (9') thereof, is formed by deformation.
18. Method according to claim 17, characterised in that before the press-in bolt (5) is pressed in a corresponding centring opening is formed in the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1') into which the press-in bolt (5) is pressed with the central axis line thereof flush.
19. Method according to either claim 17 or claim 18, characterised in that the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (101) is heated before or while the press-in bolt (5) is pressed in, meaning that during cooling a shrinking process and thus an increase in the pressing forces in the region of the press fit (13) can be achieved and/or in that the press-in bolt (5) is cooled before or while the press-in bolt (5) is pressed in, meaning that when the press-in (5) bolt heats up, an expansion process and thus an increase in the pressing forces in the region of the press fit (13) can be achieved.
20. Method according to any one of claims claim 17 to 19, characterised in that a press-in bolt (5) is used which, at least in portions in the press-in direction (R), comprises conical or angular flanks or shoulders (11) via which the press-in bolt (5) transitions from a leading portion of a small diameter to a following portion so as to form a larger diameter.
21. Method according to any one of claims claim 17 to 20, characterised in that the press-in bolt (5) is pressed so far into the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1') that the underside or base (8) of said press-in bolt is at least approximately flush with the underside (1 b) of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1').
22. Method according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterised in that the press-in bolt (5) is pressed so far into the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1') that the underside or base (8) thereof comes to be positioned above or below the plane formed by the underside (1 b) of the plate-shaped or strip-shaped material (1, 1').

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