Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
  • B02C13/22—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with intermeshing pins ; Pin Disk Mills
  • B02C13/24—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with intermeshing pins ; Pin Disk Mills arranged around a vertical axis

Definitions

• This invention applies to the chennistry industry, including environmental chennistry, biochemistry, and the food industry.
• This solution is also used for fractionation, where, in addition to centrifugal force, the energy transmitted to the material particles to be processed along with the dynamics of these particles are utilized (acceleration, back collisions, friction, moving of single particles, and a material layer formed from the particles in the device etc.).
• European patent application EP1230003 describes a solution in which the size of raw material particles is reduced in milling devices and thermal processing is carried out as a batch or continuous operation in a cooking or heating device. Fractionation takes place by means of sedimentation in a hot processing device or in a separate tank or by means of
• Prior art presently has no references to devices for processing animal byproducts which would facilitate short-term (less than 60-second) milling, thermal processing, and fractionation of raw materials.
• Prior art presently has no references to methods which would enable the use of hot, cold, and mixed methods in one device for thermal processing of animal byproducts.
• milling of raw materials is followed by a material processing stage in which fine milling, thermal processing, and fractionation of the materials take place simultaneously.
• the device is not suited to process hard materials - for instance, particles of bone raw material, material containing tendons and connective tissue may get stuck between the housing of the device and operative parts of the rotor, and may cause emergency failures.
• rotor- type milling devices e.g. impact mills
• operative parts are impact elements (e.g. hammers).
• Raw materials are exposed to quick sequential impacts, as a result of which the pre-conditions needed for fractionation are created.
• fractionation, nor the separation of fractions are carried out in the impact mill because of a screed installed in the material outlet, which is used to adjust the fineness of the grind but slows down the discharge process of the material flow and causes jams in the device.
• grinders are used in which a pressure screw is used to press the materials to be milled through a knife grate (or grates).
• the design of the device is not durable enough to mill hard materials (bone and keratin raw materials). Soft raw materials cause material jams on the pressure screw. Neither thermal processing nor fractionation of the material, are carried out in this device.
• processing and fractionation processes can take place simultaneously with milling.
• a milling device (disintegrator) (SU448031) is known and is comprised of a housing that accommodates two rotors, which are wheels provided with grinding parts, wherein the rotors are installed on a hollow, stationary axis through which the material to be milled is fed into the device.
• the rotors are rotated in opposite directions by means of two separate belt drive electric motors.
• the disadvantage of this device is low productivity, which is limited by a narrow feed port.
• the device is not suitable for either fractionation (neither particle size nor chemical fractionation) of the material to be milled, and/or separation of material fractions.
• the device cannot be used for simultaneous milling and thermal (hot and/or cold) processing.
• the device is opened by means of a hinged hatch; this solution does not enable the minimisation of the radial gap between the rings of crushing elements (pins), which reduce the efficiency of the device.
• a milling device or disintegrator (EE05478B1 ) is known and is comprised of a housing, where the first rotor is mounted on a hollow stationary axis and the second rotor is installed directly on the rotating shaft.
• This solution makes it possible to open the operation zone of the device by means of a hinged hatch opening.
• the disadvantages of this solution are low productivity and efficiency.
• a milling device or pulverising apparatus (US5890665) is known and is comprised of a housing accommodating a rotor mounted on a rotating shaft. The second rotor is replaced by a stator mounted on a hinged hatch opening. Air is supplied in the operation zone of the apparatus to both ensure the material to be milled travels through the operation zone, and allows for the screening (fractioning) of material particles according to the particle size.
• the disadvantages of this solution are low productivity and efficiency.
• a milling device or disintegrator (US3894895) is known and is comprised of a housing accommodating two reverse rotating rotors and operative elements concentrically mounted on these.
• the disadvantages of this solution are low productivity and efficiency.
• a specific disadvantage is that the blades mounted on the perimeter of the rotor achieve a 'ventilation effect'. These blades decelerate the travelling of the material through the operation zone and thereby reduce the productivity of the device.
• the purpose of the present solution is to offer a device in which it would be possible to carry out milling, thermal processing, and fractionation operations of raw materials during a short period (0.1 -60 seconds).
• a rotor-type solution is used in which the energy transmitted to the material particles during processing is at least 10 3 Nm/kg.
• the same solution also involves a method which makes it possible to use hot, cold and mixed regimes to thermally process raw materials of animal origin.
• the device and method corresponding to this invention enables the following: to process animal by-products rapidly, meaning that milling, thermal processing, and fractionation of raw materials is carried out within 60 seconds; to use hot, cold and mixed thermal methods in one device to process animal by-products; to simultaneously carry out multiple material processing stages in a single device (fine milling, thermal processing, fractionation, and fraction separation); to efficiently route material to be processed from the feed zone to the operation zone of the device; to process hard materials (e.g., particles of bone raw material, keratin raw material, and materials containing tendons and connective tissue); and to minimise the radial gap between the rings of the crushing elements (pins).
• hard materials e.g., particles of bone raw material, keratin raw material, and materials containing tendons and connective tissue
• the objective of this solution is to offer a device and method for carrying out processing operations in the meat and fish industries so that, in addition to the fractions of fat and mineral meal separated from raw materials, protein fractions are also separated such that all valuable agents of protein are preserved due to the short processing time and mild processing regimes.
• a solution corresponding to the given invention can be used in various industry branches to carry out milling, thermal processing, and
• the device enables hot, cold, and mixed thermal processing.
• the device and method corresponding to this invention enable processing operations to be carried out during a very short time (from 0.1 -60 seconds). Processing conditions are controlled and flexible - if needed, the properties of the material to be processed can be changed by using various regimes of thermal processing: hot, cold, and mixed processing.
• the device is provided with inlets to leading steam, hot or cold water, or ice water into the operation zone of the device.
• This invention application offers a milling device whose operative parts
• the crushing elements form at least two processing rings on the operative parts (rotor and stator).
• the operation zone is formed on a vertical axis.
• a dispenser installed in the operation zone which enables uniform feeding (spraying) of the material in the operation zone, which in turn prevents the jamming of the material to be milled.
• a cone with a smooth or rifled surface can be used as a feeder.
• a fractionation section mounted on a loading port facilitates the separation of material fractions (solid and liquid) fractionated during processing.
• the hatch of the device can be opened in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor, which enables the radial gap between the operation rings (rings of pins) to be reduced, which in turn significantly increases the productivity of the device.
• Materials are processed in the device as follows: preliminary mixing takes place in the feed hopper by means of an auxiliary device (feeder) installed for this purpose and/or a medium (steam, hot water, ice or ice water) to be added. Materials in the operation zone travel by means of a Coriolis force that acts radially on the operative parts and are exposed to sliding, attrition, impact crushing (spraying), and cutting. Material particles to be milled are accelerated in the zones between the concentric rings.
• auxiliary device feeder
• a medium steam, hot water, ice or ice water
• the material particles are thrown against the crushing elements and internal wall of the housing - impact crushing takes place here; the particles travel along the surface of the pins, rotor, and housing - attrition takes place here; the materials are cut and flattened when larger particles travel from one processing ring to another. Particles collide back in the initial zone of processing; the addition of water, steam, and ice in the operation zone increases the milling effect, and thermal processing (incineration or cold processing) and primary fractionation take place.
• fractionation sections are mounted in the loading port of the device, and the material that is layered there is fractionated into material fractions that separate from one another. As a minimum 2 fractionation sections are required; the maximum number of fractionation sections depends on the properties of the material to be processed, the processing regimes and the objectives of processing. The minimum time that particles spend in the device is 0.1 seconds; the maximum processing time is 60 seconds.
• protein compounds, fat, and mineral components fractionated in the device are of higher value and are suitable for use as food and feed additives and for other purposes;
• the device in addition to fat and mineral meal fractions separated from the raw material, the device will also separate protein fractions, which, thanks to soft processing regimes, preserves its proprietary value added agents;
• the device to use the device as an autonomous system or to integrate it into an existing system for processing raw materials of animal origin.
• This invention offers a method for processing raw material of animal origin and is comprised of the following elements and capabilities: a device which enables quick (from 0.1 -60 seconds) milling, thermal processing, and fractionation of raw material;
• a rotor-rotor or rotor-stator milling device whose operative parts are installed on a horizontal or vertical plane;
• the operative parts of the device are two wheels mounted opposite each other on which concentric rings of the crushing elements (pins) are mounted; the wheels rotate in opposite directions; the rings of the pins are arranged in an interlaced configuration and form an operation zone in which the raw material is processed;
• a device in which steam, hot, or cold water, and/or ice can be added in the feed hopper or operation zone for thermal processing of materials a device in which processing of materials takes place simultaneously with attrition, impact crushing, spraying of material, cutting, flattening, friction, back collision of material particles, and fractionation; and a device in which materials are influenced by complex implementation of such means as thermal shock, cavitation, hydraulic impacts, and de- relaxation of material particles.
• Figure 1 depicts the side view of the device corresponding to the invention
• Figure 2 depicts a cross-section (A-A) of the device depicted in Figure 1 ;
• Figure 3 depicts the block scheme of a method that can be used with the device and also forms part of the invention.
• a device corresponding to the invention can be used as an autonomous device or integrated into existing hot processing systems of solid and liquid fractions, for instance, in a constantly operating screw cooker or a similar device, processing in an autoclave, dry and wet processing in a horizontal vacuum boiler, and in other devices with a similar purpose.
• Figures 1 and 2 depict a device corresponding to the given invention for processing material (for instance, meat and fish raw material), in which milling, thermal processing, and fractionation operations take place simultaneously.
• material for instance, meat and fish raw material
• the device consists of a main frame 1 , a housing made of hollow cylinders with thick walls 2, a hatch 3, a cone-shaped dispenser or hopper 4 with a smooth or rifled surface installed in the feed port of the housing 2 and fastened on a rotor 5, and operative parts, which are formed of two wheels 5 and 6 installed opposite to each other and upon which concentric rings are fastened in an interlaced configuration of crushing elements, or pins 7 and 8.
• the rings of the pins 7 and 8 are arranged in an interlaced configuration to form an operation zone where processing (for instance crushing and mixing) of raw material is carried out.
• processing for instance crushing and mixing
• fractionation of the material to be processed is carried when the material layer is travelling.
• the main frame 1 is made of profile steel as a welded structure or steel casting; its function is to provide a fastening base for individual assembly units and to ensure their correct interaction.
• the housing 2 is a hollow cylinder with thick walls to ensure safe operation of the operative part and reduce noise.
• the feed hopper 9 mounted on the hatch 3 of the housing 2 is meant to ensure a uniform feed of the material into the operation zone.
• a stator 6 with stationary impact elements (pins) 8 are fasted on the inner side of the hatch 3.
• the hatch 3 can be opened in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 5, which significantly increases the efficiency of the device because the design enables a minimal radial gap between the processing rings.
• a processing effect is induced in which impact and friction milling is complemented with milling by cutting.
• the efficiency of milling and thermal processing is enhanced because the time between quick sequential impacts given to the material particles is reduced, which in turn deepens the re-relaxation effect of the material being processed.
• the device is of rotor-rotor type, where wheels 5 and 6, placed opposite each other, rotate in opposite directions.
• a rotor-stator type of solution is used in which one of the wheels 6 of the operative part is stationary and mounted in the housing 2 of the device, or as depicted in Figure 2 to the inner side of the hatch 3.
• Figure 1 depicts a rotor-stator type solution corresponding to the given invention, where the upper wheel or stator 6 is a stationary wheel and the lower wheel or rotor 5 is a rotating wheel, wherein the operative parts are oriented on a horizontal or vertical plane.
• the rotor 5 is mounted on a core, which is rotated via a transmission or is mounted on the shaft 1 1 of the motor 10.
• the device is driven by at least one motor.
• a distributor or feeder 4 is installed in the feed port.
• the feeder 4 is a cone with a smooth or rifled surface.
• Material fractions for instance solid particles or liquid fractions
• fractionated during processing are separated from the operation zone in the separation zone 12.
• Primary fractionation takes place on the inner surface of the spherical housing 2 of the device, upon which milled and/or a layer of thermally processed material travelling on the internal surface of the housing 2 is sprayed from the operation zone. In the material layer, layers of material particles form depending on the specific weight thereof.
• the processed (milled, thermally processed, and fractionated) material is led out through the loading port 13.
• Fractionation sections 14 are mounted in the loading port of the device upon which fractions fractionated in the travelling material layer are separated from one another.
• Preliminary mixing of raw materials takes place in the feed hopper 9, by means of a feeder 4 installed for this purpose and/or by means of a medium (e.g. steam, hot water, ice or ice water) added via the relevant inlets 15.
• a medium e.g. steam, hot water, ice or ice water
• Material that comes into the operation zone is led radially on operative parts, which are wheels 5 and 6 and impact elements (pins) 7 and 8.
• the material being processed is led onto the inner surface of the housing 2 surrounding the operation zone; the material layer formed on it is led to the loading port 14.
• an additional medium e.g., steam, hot or cold water, ice or ice water
• Figure 3 depicts a method for processing raw material (including milling, thermal processing, and fractionation) which includes the following stages: preparation of the raw material (milling); thermal processing; fractionation of the components contained in the raw material; separation of
• the material is processed in the device as follows: preliminary mixing
• auxiliary device feeder 4 and/or by means of a medium (steam, hot water, ice or ice water) added via an inlet 15.
• the material to be led into the operation zone travels by means of a Coriolis force that acts radially on the operative parts and is exposed to sliding, attrition, impact crushing (spraying), and cutting.
• the material particles to be milled are accelerated in the zones between the concentric rings.
• the material particles are thrown against the crushing elements and internal wall of the housing, where impact crushing takes place; particles are guided along the inner surface of the pins 7 and 8, rotor 5, and housing 2, where attrition takes place; the material is cut and flattened when larger particles travel from one processing ring to another.
• the main method of preparing raw material is milling.
• multiple-stage milling is applied for treating meat, meat products, and by-products of meat.
• the first stage of milling or preliminary milling of the raw material and processing of the resulting components is carried out by means of known technological methods.
• thermal processing of raw materials, extraction from solid to liquid phases of the main components (for instance fat and protein) contained in the raw materials, fractionation of components (for instance solid, liquid broth, and fat), and separation (fractioning) are carried out in a complex manner, if required.
• hot processing is used, e.g. ,in the form of heating, cooking, or sterilizing with direct or indirect steam, electricity, induction method, microwaves, or high frequency current etc.
• the processed mass is divided into two (solid/liquid) or three phases: solid, fat, and broth.
• fractionation decantation To carry out fractionation decantation, screening, pressing, centrifuging, or separation is applied. During the processing of components, fractions are rendered useable by means of cleaning, milling, cooling, and packing.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
• Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-12-12 EE EEP201100070A patent/EE05730B1/et not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2012
  • 2012-12-12 EP EP12823148.7A patent/EP2790836A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-12-12 WO PCT/EP2012/075307 patent/WO2013087735A1/en active Application Filing

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