EP2786109A1 - Procédé d'usinage en bout et machine correspondante - Google Patents

Procédé d'usinage en bout et machine correspondante

Info

Publication number
EP2786109A1
EP2786109A1 EP13712217.2A EP13712217A EP2786109A1 EP 2786109 A1 EP2786109 A1 EP 2786109A1 EP 13712217 A EP13712217 A EP 13712217A EP 2786109 A1 EP2786109 A1 EP 2786109A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
workpiece
centering
pivoting
vise
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13712217.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Geiger
Robert Räder
Werner Mühlich
Wolfgang Hafner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAG IAS GmbH Eislingen
Original Assignee
MAG IAS GmbH Eislingen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAG IAS GmbH Eislingen filed Critical MAG IAS GmbH Eislingen
Publication of EP2786109A1 publication Critical patent/EP2786109A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/14—Determining imbalance
    • G01M1/16—Determining imbalance by oscillating or rotating the body to be tested
    • G01M1/24—Performing balancing on elastic shafts, e.g. for crankshafts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/17—Crankshaft making apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49286—Crankshaft making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the end machining of workpieces with centric, rotationally symmetrical surfaces such as crankshafts, including the introduction of centering holes in the end-side end faces of the workpiece.
  • crankshafts In the production of crankshafts, the blank produced as a cast or forged part is first of all machined at one end - the so-called pin - and at the other end - the so-called flange, because at these laterally processed end areas, the subsequent processing steps of the main part of the workpiece Attached clamping device.
  • the workpiece In the context of the end machining, on the one hand, the workpiece must be brought to the correct length, the round outer circumference of the flange and pin machined and introduced into the end faces each have a center hole, depending on the processing step on one side of the crankshaft - possibly together with a bezel - serves to hold the crankshaft in the machine by means of centering tip received therein.
  • the blanks do not always have the exact same shape, but differ because of increasing wear of the cast or forging, more or less pronounced burrs and other irregularities in the original.
  • the end processing is usually done so far that in a machining center of the crankshaft blank is clamped in a clamping bracket so that the end areas to be processed are accessible.
  • this clamping - with a stationary, so non-rotating crankshaft - by means of eg driven cup-shaped cutter first by Querv jointly the cutter to the blank of the blank brought to the correct axial length and then by axially slipping over the potfförm-, rotating cutter, in the Center carries a center drill, made on the corresponding end of the center hole.
  • the inner diameter of this reader is greater than the outer diameter of the end portion of the workpiece.
  • the driven cutting tools are along the bed of the machine, on which also the vice for the workpiece is fixed, movable in the X and Y directions.
  • the two centering holes are not introduced into the workpiece on the same Z axis, only in opposite directions, but one of the driven tools is moved in the X direction and / or Y-direction to the corresponding tool at the other end of the workpiece slightly offset so that the feared imbalance is compensated.
  • the Zentnerbohrept and - especially in a common cutting tool consisting of center drill and surrounding cup-shaped cutter - are thus introduced in the Z direction ends to be machined not two mutually aligned, but parallel offset counter-Z directions.
  • this so-called geometric centering has the disadvantage that the workpiece is not held optimally stable during later clamping of the crankshaft, but can run a bit out of round, since in the later processing steps, the workpiece receiving two centering on a common, aligned centering
  • the Z-axis lie, the directions of the two center holes in the workpiece but not on a common and aligned center hole axis.
  • the advantage is achieved that the introduced centering holes are aligned with respect to their direction to each other and thus the workpiece is optimally held at later processing steps and recording centering in these center holes, since the direction of the centering coincides with the direction of the centering.
  • the pivoting about an axis can be achieved in different ways:
  • a pivot pin is sufficient, about which the workpiece, in particular together with the vice holding the workpiece, can be swiveled.
  • a protruding in the X direction pivot pin for the vise can also be moved in the Y direction in order to save the Y-experience of the tool units can.
  • Another possibility is, for example, to realize a pivoting about the B-axis by the workpiece holding vise is moved differently on two spaced in the Z direction Y-guides.
  • a machine is proposed according to the invention, in which the vice with the workpiece received therein is pivotable about the A and / or about the B axis relative to the bed of the machine.
  • the pivotability is like all other operations of the machine thereby effected by a machine control, in which either the amount of pivoting about the A and / or the B-axis is entered directly, or in the only the size and direction of the imbalance to the Previous workpieces must be entered, and which determines the degree of pivoting of the vise around the A and / or B axis itself.
  • pivotability about these axes can theoretically be effected differently, for example by the vise about a solid, lying in the direction of the X-axis bearing pin is pivotable.
  • a pivoting about the A-axis is then either about the additionally existing, in particular in the axial center of the vise arranged pivot pin possible or simply in that separately controllable drives for moving the vise along each one of the two Y-guides are present, and the displacement in the Y-direction is different, so that an inclination of the vice to the Z-axis is achieved analogous to a rotation about the A-axis.
  • the vice is preferably rotatable relative to one of the sliding shoes, but not displaceable in the longitudinal direction.
  • the length compensation is performed only with respect to the other guide shoe during pivoting. Even if the vice is moved with separate drives along the two Y-guides, thereby the vice can also be moved in parallel in the Y direction, ie without pivoting the axial direction of the vice relative to the Z-axis of the machine about the A-axis ,
  • the pivoting of the vise about the B-axis can also be realized in different ways, and it can also here to spaced, running in the X direction X-guides - if necessary. On the guide shoes - are used, on which the vise in X. Direction can be moved, and the inter alia, the pivoting of the vise around the B-axis is used, analogous to the pivoting about the A-axis, either with or without existing pivot pin.
  • crankshaft as a workpiece with machined ends
  • Fig. 1 c end machining according to the prior art
  • Fig. 1d end processing according to the invention
  • Fig. 2a-c the machine according to the invention
  • Fig. 3a, b the vice for the workpiece separately
  • Fig. 4a-c the vise on the bed of the machine.
  • FIGs 1a, b show a crankshaft as a typical workpiece 100, in which the end machining according to the invention is to be applied, at the end portions of the crankshaft 100, namely the so-called pin 105 at one end and the disk-shaped flange 106 at the other end on the other hand, in each case the lateral surface is to be machined, the crankshaft is to be cut to the correct length and in the end faces of pin 105 and flange 106 each have a center hole 102 is to be introduced, as shown in the side view of the crankshaft in Figure 1 b.
  • crank bearings 104 are eccentrically offset with respect to the center bearings 103, connected in each case by cheeks 107.
  • FIGS. 2 a to c show, in front view, axial view and top view, a machine tool 1 with which the crankshaft 100 or other similar workpiece delivered as forged or cast blank is machined in the end regions, which are subsequently subjected to precise machining of this workpiece 100 during other processing steps serve in the processing of the middle area.
  • the machine 1 is to be assigned in principle to the category machining center, because the workpiece 100 is thereby processed in the non-rotating state by means of rotating tools 6, 7.
  • two tool units 4, 5 run, in that on the upper side Z-guides 18 run, along which the respective Z slide 21 of the tool unit can be moved.
  • the Z-direction here is the connecting line between the two tool units 4, 5 and thus approximately the axial direction of the workpiece 100 to be machined.
  • each X-carriage 22 On the front surface of the Z-carriage 21 is along X-guides 12, an X-carriage vertically to the vise 3 and thus the workpiece 100 to and from this movable.
  • each X-carriage 22 carries, in addition to a tool spindle 16a, b or 17a, b, a tool inserted therein, which can be driven in rotation about the Z-axis.
  • the relative positioning of the tools 6, 7 to the workpiece 100 in the Y direction can take place in that in the tool units 4.5 see between the Z-slide and the X-carriage each one on the Z-carriage in the Y-direction movable Y. Sled exists.
  • the setting in the Y direction on the side of the vice 3 is preferably carried out, as will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4 a to c.
  • the entire processing performed on this machine is controlled by a central machine control 10, as with all machine tools.
  • a central machine control 10 As the enlarged view of the vise 3 - in perspective and in front view - the figures 3a, b shows, consists of the vice 3 on the one of two pairs of clamping jaws 25, the workpiece, in this case the crankshaft 100, in each case the last main bearing 103 between them.
  • the vise 3 in the middle comprises a support 26, on which one of the other main bearings 103 of the crankshaft 100 can rest.
  • the resulting positioning of the crankshaft 100 is a coarse positioning, since the surfaces on which the jaws 25 and the bearing 26 abut the crankshaft 100, are not processed at this time.
  • the three units on the one hand carry the two jaws 25 and on the other hand, the bearing 26, in the Z direction along racks 24 which are arranged on the upper side of the tensioning table 19, displaceable and terminal choice, in particular form-fitting clamped, and also have a Adjustment in Y-direction and - by choosing the right size of jaws 25 and support 26 and / or by adjustability in the X direction - an adjustment in the X direction.
  • FIG. 3b shows the machining of flange 106 and pin 105 by respective rotating tools 6, 7:
  • the first tool used 6 is shown: It is a pot-shaped rotating tool 6 in the manner of a pot-milling, in the center of which is a centering drill 8, which is set back from the front of the pot.
  • the inside diameter of the pot is larger than the outside diameter of the end area.
  • next step is by another cup-shaped, rotating tool 7, as shown at the right end of the workpiece 100 on the pin 105, and the inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter to be machined of the respective end portion of the workpiece 100, by slipping the head over the end portion by the inside of the pot-shaped rotating tool 7, the lateral surface of the respective end region, for example of the pin 105, processed.
  • Figures 1c and d show the end portions of a crankshaft 100 to be machined, wherein in Figure 1 c, the machining according to the prior art and in Figure 1 d, the machining is shown according to the present invention: Figures 1 c and d show the workpiece respectively in the ZX-level:
  • the workpiece 100 is instead slightly pivoted about the B axis, wherein the pivot point may lie in the middle of the longitudinal extent of the workpiece or else at or near one of its end regions, preferably oppositely the position of the imbalance to be eliminated.
  • the point of impact of the left centering drill 8 on the left-hand end face on the journal 105 of the crankshaft 100 is selected as the pivot point.
  • FIGS. 4a, b, c show the manner in which a corresponding alignment of the workpiece 100 takes place in the machine tool 1:
  • the spindle nuts 28 of the vice 3 sits with its underside, for example by means of a respective support block 29 and is fixedly connected to the spindle nuts 28, but limited pivotable about the A-axis.
  • the support block 29 of the vise 3 must also be limited in the Z direction slidably relative to the spindle nut 28, because by an inclination of the vise 3 to the Z-direction of the bed. 2 In the case of the machine, the distance between two spindle nuts 28 spaced apart in the Z direction changes.
  • the vice 3 can thus be pivoted about a desired angle about the axis A to the Z-axis of the bed 2 of the machine. 1
  • the vise 3 can also be displaced parallel to the Z-direction, in this case horizontally, and thereby the Y-axis of the machine can be completely realized by the vise 2, so that the tool units 4, 5 do not have a Y-axis. Need sledges.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Testing Of Balance (AREA)

Abstract

Pour éviter par la suite un balourd du vilebrequin usiné fini, la présente invention, au lieu du décalage transversal des trous de centrage précédemment employé (équilibrage géométrique), privilégie la rotation de la pièce autour de l'axe A et de l'axe B avant l'introduction des trous de centrage alignés (centrage équilibré).
EP13712217.2A 2012-03-23 2013-03-22 Procédé d'usinage en bout et machine correspondante Withdrawn EP2786109A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012102499.5A DE102012102499B4 (de) 2012-03-23 2012-03-23 Verfahren zur Endenbearbeitung sowie hierfür geeignete Maschine
PCT/EP2013/056062 WO2013139958A1 (fr) 2012-03-23 2013-03-22 Procédé d'usinage en bout et machine correspondante

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2786109A1 true EP2786109A1 (fr) 2014-10-08

Family

ID=47997459

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13712217.2A Withdrawn EP2786109A1 (fr) 2012-03-23 2013-03-22 Procédé d'usinage en bout et machine correspondante

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20150107069A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2786109A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2015511022A (fr)
KR (1) KR20140136460A (fr)
CN (1) CN104335020B (fr)
BR (1) BR112014019744A8 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012102499B4 (fr)
MX (1) MX2014009597A (fr)
RU (1) RU2014141698A (fr)
WO (1) WO2013139958A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016222595B4 (de) 2016-11-16 2019-01-03 Technische Hochschule Deggendorf Verfahren und Fräswerkzeug zur Herstellung einer Kavität in einem Werkstück für die Aufnahme einer Zentrierspitze

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202006005963U1 (de) * 2006-04-12 2006-06-14 Keppler, Karl Spannvorrichtung für Kurbelwellen

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE975086C (de) * 1949-05-05 1961-08-03 Schenck Gmbh Carl Maschine zum Zentrieren von Umlaufkoerpern
DE2823219C2 (de) * 1978-05-27 1986-05-28 Carl Schenck Ag, 6100 Darmstadt Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zentrieren von mit ungleicher Massenverteilung längs ihrer Schaftachse versehenen Rotationskörpern
ATE14795T1 (de) * 1981-06-06 1985-08-15 Schenck Ag Carl Schalter zur beendigung der verstellung einer kurbelwelle beim wuchtzentrieren.
DE3335929A1 (de) * 1983-10-04 1985-04-18 Klaus 5204 Lohmar Allert Schleifmaschine
DE3662466D1 (en) * 1986-11-26 1989-04-20 Gfm Fertigungstechnik Method and machine for equilibratingly centering work pieces to be partially cutting-machined, especially crankshafts
ES2167146B1 (es) * 1999-04-19 2003-11-01 Etxetar Sa Maquina para taladrar agujeros de engrase en cigueñales y procedimiento correspondiente.
US6694812B2 (en) * 2001-04-12 2004-02-24 Schenck Rotec Corporation Rotatable shaft balancing machine and method with automatic flexible shaft balancing equipment

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202006005963U1 (de) * 2006-04-12 2006-06-14 Keppler, Karl Spannvorrichtung für Kurbelwellen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104335020A (zh) 2015-02-04
BR112014019744A2 (fr) 2017-06-20
US20150107069A1 (en) 2015-04-23
MX2014009597A (es) 2014-11-10
RU2014141698A (ru) 2016-05-20
JP2015511022A (ja) 2015-04-13
DE102012102499B4 (de) 2018-10-11
BR112014019744A8 (pt) 2017-07-11
KR20140136460A (ko) 2014-11-28
WO2013139958A1 (fr) 2013-09-26
DE102012102499A1 (de) 2013-09-26
CN104335020B (zh) 2017-04-12

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