Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
  • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
  • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
  • B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
  • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
  • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
  • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
  • B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
  • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
  • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part

Definitions

• the present invention is in the field of air conditioning refrigerant fluid circuits intended to interact with a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning apparatus to form a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system for a motor vehicle. It relates to such a refrigerant circuit may be implemented by simplified means according to various modes of operation, including at least a so-called "cooling" mode, a first mode called “heating” and a second mode said "heater”.
• the thermal conditioning of the passenger compartment of electric or hybrid vehicles remains a function that must be taken care of.
• Thermal conditioning is conventionally obtained by the implementation of an air conditioning loop inside which circulates a refrigerant.
• the air conditioning loop conventionally comprises a compressor, a outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve and an indoor heat exchanger traveled by the refrigerant.
• the indoor heat exchanger is installed in a heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning unit, usually mounted in the passenger compartment of the vehicle and allowing the circulation and diffusion of a hot, cold or temperate air flow inside the vehicle. the passenger compartment of the vehicle, according to a request from the user of the vehicle.
• the external heat exchanger is conventionally installed on the front of the vehicle to be traversed by a flow of air outside the vehicle.
• the air conditioning loop can be used according to various modes of operation, especially in a so-called "cooling" mode or in a so-called "heating" mode.
• the refrigerant In the so-called "cooling" mode, the refrigerant is circulated by the compressor and is sent to the external heat exchanger, then behaving as a condenser, where the coolant is cooled by the outside air flow. Then, the refrigerant circulates to the expander in which it undergoes a lowering of pressure before entering the indoor heat exchanger, then behaving like an evaporator.
• the cooling fluid is heated by the flow of indoor air circulating in the heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning apparatus, which is correlatively reflected by a cooling of the air flow. interior, in order to lower the temperature inside the vehicle.
• the air conditioning loop being a closed circuit, the coolant returns, therefore, to the compressor.
• the refrigerant is circulated by the compressor and is sent to the indoor heat exchanger, then behaving as a condenser, where the refrigerant is cooled by the circulating interior air flow.
• the heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning unit which is correlatively translated by a heating of the interior air flow, in order to increase the temperature of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
• the refrigerant circulates to the pressure reducer in which it undergoes a lowering of pressure before entering the external heat exchanger, then behaving like a evaporator, where the refrigerant is heated by the outside air flow.
• the air conditioning loop being a closed circuit, the coolant returns, therefore, to the compressor.
• the object of the present invention is therefore to solve the disadvantages described above mainly by defining a simplified air conditioning loop architecture and able to be operable effectively in a so-called "cooling" mode, a first mode called “heating”, in which the refrigerant passes through the outdoor heat exchanger, and a second mode called “heating”, in which the refrigerant bypasses the outdoor heat exchanger.
• the subject of the present invention is therefore an air conditioning loop in which a cooling fluid circulates, for thermally conditioning an interior air flow intended to be diffused in a passenger compartment of a vehicle.
• the air conditioning loop includes a compressor, a heat exchanger outside, a first expansion means, a second expansion means, an evaporator, an indoor heat exchanger and control means adapted to arrange the air conditioning loop according to various modes of operation, including a first mode called “heating”, a second mode called “heating” and a mode called “cooling".
• control means comprise at least a first stop means, able to allow and / or prohibit all or part of a circulation of the refrigerant fluid, arranged between the compressor and the external heat exchanger and a second means stop, able to allow and / or prohibit all or part of a circulation of the refrigerant fluid, arranged between the first stop device and the compressor.
• the first expansion means is arranged between a connection point, said second connection point, arranged between the external heat exchanger and the second expansion means, and the evaporator.
• control means comprise only the first stop means and the second stop means. This guarantees a simplicity of design of the air conditioning loop according to the present invention while allowing it to operate in at least three distinct modes of operation.
• the compressor is connected to the indoor heat exchanger.
• the indoor heat exchanger is connected to the second expansion means.
• a refrigerant storage device is arranged immediately upstream of the compressor.
• a storage device is, for example, formed by an accumulator.
• the present invention also covers various uses of the air conditioning described above. It is thus provided a use of the cooling circuit in so-called “cooling" mode, wherein the first stop means is open and the second stop means is closed.
• the refrigerant is circulated by the compressor and then passes successively through the first stop means, the external heat exchanger, the first expansion means and the evaporator, to return to the compressor.
• the internal heat exchanger is traversed by the refrigerant fluid.
• the refrigerant is circulated by the compressor and then successively passes through the indoor heat exchanger, the second expansion means, the first expansion means and the evaporator, to return to the compressor.
• An advantage of the present invention lies in the design of an air conditioning loop of particularly simple structure, allowing use in at least three distinct modes of operation.
• the external heat exchanger and the evaporator are fed in parallel.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first variant of an air conditioning loop according to the present invention
• FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the air conditioning loop of FIG. 1 according to a so-called "cooling" mode
• FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the air conditioning loop of FIG. 1 according to a first mode known as "heating",
• FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the air conditioning loop of FIG. 1 according to a second mode known as "heating"
• FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second variant of the air conditioning loop according to the present invention.
• FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a third variant of the air conditioning loop according to the present invention.
• FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a fourth variant of the air conditioning loop according to the present invention.
• the structural and / or functional elements common to the various embodiments may have the same references. Thus, unless otherwise stated, these elements have identical structural, dimensional and material properties.
• upstream and downstream refer to the direction of movement of the fluid in question, that is to say the refrigerant or the air flow.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an air conditioning loop 1 according to a first variant of the present invention, presented in a general architecture.
• the air conditioning loop 1 is a closed loop inside which a refrigerant circulates.
• the coolant may be a super-critical fluid, such as carbon dioxide known as R744.
• the refrigerant may be a subcritical fluid, such as a hydrofluorocarbon, for example the refrigerant known under the name R134a, or a refrigerant with low environmental impact, for example the refrigerant known under the name R1234yf .
• the air conditioning loop 1 may comprise an internal exchanger (not shown in the figures) for improving the performance of the air conditioning loop 1 by heat exchange between the high pressure refrigerant and the same low pressure refrigerant.
• the refrigerant fluid is a supercritical fluid, such as R744, it is particularly advantageous to have an internal exchanger in the air conditioning loop 1.
• the presence of an internal exchanger in the air conditioning loop 1 is optional.
• the refrigerant is circulated by a compressor 2, for example driven by an electric motor, in particular integrated in a compressor housing 2.
• the function of the compressor 2 is to increase the pressure of the refrigerant, and correlatively the temperature.
• the compressor 2 comprises an inlet through which the coolant, at low pressure and at low temperature, enters the compressor 1.
• the refrigerant flows from the compressor 2 through an outlet in a state of high pressure and high temperature, compared to the state of the refrigerant at the inlet of the compressor 1.
• the air conditioning loop 1 comprises control means 5 for managing the various modes of operation of the air conditioning loop 1.
• the control means 5 consist of a plurality of distinct components.
• the control means 5 consist, for example, exclusively of a first stop means 6 and a second stop means 7.
• the first stop means 6 and the second stop means 7 allow to authorize and / or prohibit all or part of a flow of refrigerant.
• the output of the compressor 2 is connected to the first stop means 6.
• the first stop means 6 is a two-way valve 6.
• the first stop means 6 is connected to a External heat exchanger 9.
• the external heat exchanger 9 is disposed on the front face of a vehicle.
• the external heat exchanger 9 makes it possible to carry out a heat exchange between the refrigerant and an outside air flow 10 circulating outside a passenger compartment of the vehicle in which the air conditioning loop 1 according to the present invention is installed.
• the external heat exchanger 9 has a front surface crossed by the outside air flow 10.
• the outside heat exchanger 9 comprises at least a first pass 11 and a second pass 12.
• the first pass 11 occupies a front surface proportion of the outer heat exchanger 9 larger than the second pass 12.
• the first pass 1 1 occupies about 2/3 of the front surface of the heat exchanger.
• external heat 9 and the second pass 12 occupies about 1/3 of the front surface of the outdoor heat exchanger 9.
• the external heat exchanger 9 is connected to a first expansion means 14.
• the first expansion means 14 is a calibrated orifice 14 whose refrigerant flow section is fixed.
• the first expansion means 14 may also be a thermostatic expansion valve 14 or an electrically or electronically controlled expansion valve 14.
• the first expansion means 14 is also connected to an evaporator 15.
• the evaporator 15 is a heat exchanger between the refrigerant and an interior air flow 16 intended to be diffused into the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
• the interior air flow 16 makes it possible to ensure the thermal conditioning of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
• An outlet of the evaporator 15 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 2, either directly or via a storage device 17, for storing the non-circulating mass of refrigerant fluid depending on the temperature conditions and depending on the operating mode of the air conditioning loop 1.
• a first connection point 18 is provided between the output of the compressor 2 and the first stop means 6, a first connection point 18 is provided.
• the air conditioning loop 1 form a "T".
• the first connection point 18 is connected to an indoor heat exchanger 19.
• the indoor heat exchanger 19 is a heat exchanger whose function is to implement a heat exchange between the interior air flow 16 and the refrigerant. More specifically, the indoor heat exchanger 19 is dedicated to the heating function of the passenger compartment of the vehicle implemented in at least one so-called "heating" mode. Advantageously, the indoor heat exchanger 19 is arranged downstream of the evaporator 15, in the direction of circulation of the interior air flow 16.
• An outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 19 is connected to a second expansion means 20.
• the second expansion means 20 is a calibrated orifice 20 whose refrigerant flow section is fixed.
• the second expansion means 20 may also be a thermostatic expansion valve 20 or an electrically or electronically controlled expansion valve 20.
• the second expansion means 20 is placed in communication with a second connection point 21 arranged between the exchanger 9 and the first expansion means 14.
• the air conditioning loop 1 forms a "T”.
• the air-conditioning loop 1 comprises a third connection point 22.
• the third connection point 22 is put into communication with the second stop means 7 constituting the control means 5 , and is arranged between the first stop means 6 and the external heat exchanger 9.
• the air conditioning loop 1 forms a "T".
• an output of the second stop means 7 is connected to a fourth connection point 23 arranged between the evaporator 15 and the inlet of the compressor 2, in particular upstream of the storage device 17.
• the air conditioning loop 1 forms a "T".
• Figures 2 to 4 show various modes of operation of the first variant of the present invention shown in Figure 1.
• the strong lines represent the parts or portions of the air conditioning loop 1 in which the coolant circulates and the dashed lines represent the parts or portions of the air conditioning loop 1 in which the coolant does not circulate.
• FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the air conditioning loop 1 of FIG. 1 according to a mode known as "cooling" of the interior air flow 16.
• the first stop means 6 is placed in an open position, otherwise referred to as a coolant bypass, wherein the coolant is allowed to flow from the outlet of the compressor 2 to the outdoor heat exchanger 9.
• the refrigerant then enters the external heat exchanger 9, passes through the first pass 1 1 and the second pass 12, preferably in a direction of flow opposite to the direction of flow in the first pass 1 1, to exit the exchanger 9.
• the refrigerant transfers calories to the outside air flow 10 passing through the external heat exchanger 9.
• the second stop means 7 is placed in a closed position, otherwise called refrigerant blocking, in which the coolant is not allowed to flow from the third connection point 22 to the compressor 2.
• the refrigerant then passes through the first expansion means 14, causing a lowering of the refrigerant pressure.
• the refrigerant enters the evaporator 15 which is then traversed by the refrigerant expanded.
• the refrigerant absorbs the calories of the internal air flow 16 passing through the evaporator 15.
• the interior air flow 16 is advantageously dehumidified. It is thus possible to diffuse into the cabin of the vehicle a flow of air inside 16 dry and cooled to cool the cabin.
• the refrigerant then leaves the evaporator 15, passes through the fourth connection point 23 before returning to the compressor 2, advantageously after passing through the storage device 17.
• FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the air conditioning loop 1 of FIG. 1 according to a first mode called "heating" of the interior air flow 16.
• the first stop means 6 is placed in a closed position , otherwise referred to as a coolant blocker, in which the coolant is not allowed to flow from the outlet of the compressor 2 to the third connection point 22.
• the refrigerant passes through the first point of connection 18 and is directed to the indoor heat exchanger 19.
• the refrigerant whose temperature has been raised by the compression implemented by the compressor 2, passes through the indoor heat exchanger 19 and gives calories to the flow 16. This results in a warming of the interior air flow 16 and therefore an increase in the temperature of the passenger compartment.
• the coolant exits the indoor heat exchanger 19 and enters the second expansion means 20, causing a lowering of the refrigerant pressure.
• the refrigerant then enters the outdoor heat exchanger 9. It passes through the second pass 12 and then the first pass 1 1, advantageously in a direction of flow opposite to the direction of flow in the second pass 12, to exit the exchanger 9. During the circulation of the external heat exchanger 9, the refrigerant absorbs heat to the outside air flow 10 passing through the external heat exchanger 9.
• the refrigerant circulates in the outdoor heat exchanger 9 in a direction opposite to the direction of circulation of the cooling fluid in the so-called “cooling” mode.
• the refrigerant passes through the third connection point 22 from which it is directed to the second stop means 7, because the first stop device 6 is placed in a closed position.
• the second stop means 7 is placed in an open position, otherwise called coolant pass, in which the coolant is allowed to flow from the third connection point 22 to the fourth connection point 23 before returning to the compressor 2 , advantageously after passing through the storage device 17.
• FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the air conditioning loop 1 of FIG. 1 according to a second mode called "heating of the interior air flow 16.
• the second mode called” heating “of the interior air flow 16 is also called the mode
• This type of operation is, for example, used when the temperature of the outside air flow 10 renders inoperative the use of the external heat exchanger 9.
• Such a mode of operation can also, for example , be used to dry and dehumidify the air flow inside 16. This is called a mode called “dehumidification”.
• the air conditioning loop 1 is configured so that the interior air flow 16 can pass through the evaporator 15 and the indoor heat exchanger 19.
• the flow of air indoor air 16 comes from the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
• an additional heating device (not shown), for example an electric heating radiator, then initiates the thermodynamic cycle.
• an additional heating device for example an electric heating radiator
• the second mode called “heating” differs from the first mode called “heating” in that the control means 5 prohibit a flow of refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 9.
• the control means 5 block the refrigerant circulation.
• the first stop means 6 and the second stop means 7 are placed in closed positions, otherwise called refrigerant blocking, in which the refrigerant is not allowed to circulate between the first connection point 18, the second connection point 21 and the outdoor heat exchanger 9.
• the coolant exits the compressor 2 and passes through the first connection point 18. Because the first stop means 6 is placed in a closed position, the coolant is directed to the indoor heat exchanger 19 before join the second expansion means 2, causing a first lowering of the refrigerant pressure, and reach the second connection point 21.
• the coolant is directed to the first expansion means 14, causing a second lowering of the refrigerant pressure, without passing through the external heat exchanger 9 .
• the coolant enters the evaporator 15 in which the coolant captures calories from the interior air stream 16.
• the air conditioning loop 1 according to the second mode known as "heating", the first expansion means 14 and the second expansion means 20 are arranged in series, advantageously immediately one behind the other.
• the expansion according to the second mode called “heating” is greater than the relaxation caused by the first expansion means 14 in the so-called “cooling” mode or by the second means of relaxation 20 in the first mode called “heating”.
• Such a configuration ensures a good operation of the second mode called "heating”.
• the first expansion means 14 and the second expansion means 20 are arranged in series between the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 19 and the evaporator 15, the second connection point 21 being advantageously interposed between the first means of 14 and the second expansion means 20.
• the present invention therefore takes advantage of the existence of the first expansion means 14 and the second expansion means 20 used respectively for the "cooling" function or the "heating" function. It is thus possible to combine the function "cooling” and the function “heating” to ensure the operation of the second mode called “heating”. This is a particularly simple assembly since the second mode called “heating” does not require the addition of additional component.
• the second mode called “heating” exploits the components already present in the air conditioning loop 1. As a result, at the outlet of the evaporator 15, the refrigerant fluid reaches the fourth connection point 23 before returning to the compressor 2, advantageously after passing through the storage device 17.
• the air conditioning loop 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 4 requires only two separate control means 5, in particular the first stop means 6 and the second stop means 7, in particular in the form of a two-way valve. .
• the air conditioning loop 1 comprises only two separate expansion means, in particular the first expansion means 14 and the second expansion means 20, used independently for the so-called “cooling” mode or the first mode called “heating”, and in combination, preferentially in series, for the second mode called “heating".
• FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second variant of the air conditioning loop 1 according to the present invention.
• the differences with the air conditioning loop 1 according to Figures 1 to 4 reside in the control means 5. While for Figures 1 to 4, the control means 5 are only two in number, respectively the first stop means 6 and the second stop means 7, the control means 5 of the second variant according to FIG. 5 comprise a third stop means 24.
• the third stop means 24 is arranged in the air conditioning loop 1 between the second connection point 21 and first expansion means 14.
• the third stop means 24 takes, for example, the shape of a valve two tract.
• the third stop means 24 may also take the form of a three-way valve installed in place of the second connection point 21.
• the third stop means 24 is of particular interest for the first mode called "heating". Indeed, when the first expansion means 14 is a calibrated orifice, it passes a small amount of refrigerant to the evaporator 15. However, according to the first mode called “heating", it is desirable that the evaporator 15 is bypassed.
• the third stop means 24 makes it possible to authorize and / or to prohibit all or part of a circulation of the coolant towards the first expansion means 14 and the evaporator 15.
• the closed position of the third stop means 24 in the first so-called "heating" mode makes it possible to improve the coefficient of performance of the air conditioning loop 1 according to the present invention.
• FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a third variant of the air conditioning 1 according to the present invention.
• the differences with the air conditioning loop 1 according to Figure 5 reside in the control means 5. While the air conditioning loop 1 shown in Figure 5, the control means 5 are only three in number, respectively the first means of stopping 6 the second stopping means 7 and the third stopping means 24, the control means 5 of the third variant according to FIG. 5 comprise a fourth stopping means 25 and / or a fifth stopping means 26 .
• the fourth stopping means 25 is arranged in the air conditioning loop 1 between the first connection point 18 and the indoor heat exchanger 19.
• the fourth stopping means 25 takes, for example, the shape of a two way valve.
• the fourth stop means 25 may also take the form of a three-way valve installed in place of the first connection point 18.
• the fourth stop means 25 takes the form of a three-way valve, it is capable of being combined with the first stopping means 6 in the form of a unitary control means.
• the fourth stop means 25 is of particular interest for the so-called "cooling" mode. Indeed, the fourth stop means 25 makes it possible to authorize and / or prohibit all or part of the circulation of the refrigerant in a portion of the air conditioning loop 1 comprising the indoor heat exchanger 19 and the second means 20. Thus, the fourth stop means 25 prevents a parasitic circulation of the refrigerant through the inner heat exchanger 19 and the second expansion means 20, especially when the second expansion means 20 takes the form of a calibrated orifice.
• the closed position of the fourth stop means 25 in the so-called "cooling" mode makes it possible to improve the coefficient of performance of the air conditioning loop 1 according to the present invention.
• the air conditioning loop 1 comprises a fifth stop means 26 arranged between the second expansion means 20 and the second connection point 21.
• the fifth stop means 26 takes, for example, example, the shape of a two-way valve.
• the fifth stop means 26 may also take the form of a three-way valve installed in place of the second connection point 21.
• the fifth stopping means 26 takes the form of a three-way valve, it can be combined with the third stopping means 24 as a unitary control means.
• the fifth stop means 26 allows to completely isolate the portion of the air conditioning loop 1 comprising the inner heat exchanger 19 and the second expansion means 20 and between the fourth stop device 25 and the fifth device. stop 26.
• the heating, ventilation and / or air conditioning system comprises at least one closure means 27 whose function is to prevent the flow of the interior air flow 16 into the indoor heat exchanger 19.
• the closure means 27 may be installed upstream and / or downstream of the indoor heat exchanger 19, in the direction of flow of the inner air flow 16.
• such a closure means 27 takes the form of a regulation flap 28 articulated on an axis of rotation.
• a regulating flap 28 is thus capable of taking a first extreme position in which the regulation flap 28 blocks the circulation of the interior air flow 16 through the indoor heat exchanger 19 and a second end position in which the internal air flow 16 completely frees the access of the interior air flow 16 through the indoor heat exchanger 19.
• the control flap 28 can take any intermediate positions between the first extreme position and the second extreme position.
• Figure 7 is a schematic view of a fourth variant of the air conditioning loop 1 according to the present invention.
• the fourth variant of air conditioning loop 1 according to the present invention has several differences by compared to the various variants described above.
• the internal heat exchanger 19 is traversed by the refrigerant during the implementation according to the first mode known as “heating” and according to the second mode called “heating”, while it is bypassed when the air conditioning loop 1 is implemented in the so-called "cooling" mode.
• Such an arrangement is obtained by controlling the control means 5.
• the indoor heat exchanger 19 is traversed by the refrigerant whatever the operating modes chosen, especially in the so-called "cooling" mode, the first mode said “heating” and the second mode says “heating” and mode said "cooling".
• the first expansion means 14 and the second expansion means 20 are arranged to sealingly seal the refrigerant circulation.
• the first expansion means 14 and the second expansion means 20 have the additional function of prohibiting, according to a particular command, the circulation of the refrigerant in the portion of the air conditioning loop 1 in which the first expansion means 14 and the second detent means 20 are arranged.
• the refrigerant is circulated by the compressor 2 and then passes through the indoor heat exchanger 19.
• the first stop means 6 is placed in an open position, otherwise called coolant pass, in which the refrigerant is allowed to flow from the indoor heat exchanger 19 to the outdoor heat exchanger 9.
• the refrigerant enters then in the outdoor heat exchanger 9, passes through the first pass 1 1 and the second pass 12, advantageously in a direction of circulation opposite to the direction of circulation in the first pass 1 1, to exit the external heat exchanger 9.
• the refrigerant fluid passes through the first expansion means 14, causing a lowering of the refrigerant pressure.
• the refrigerant enters the evaporator 15.
• the refrigerant absorbs the calories of the inner air stream 16 passing through the evaporator 15.
• the interior air flow 16 is advantageously dehumidified. It is thus possible to diffuse into the cabin of the vehicle a flow of air inside 16 dry and cooled to cool the cabin.
• the refrigerant then leaves the evaporator 15 and returns to the compressor 2, advantageously after passing through the storage device 17.
• the first stop means 6 is placed in an open position
• the second stop means 7 is placed in a closed position
• the first detent means 14 performs a detent
• the second detent means 20 closes, in a sealed manner, the portion of the air conditioning loop 1 in which it is arranged. Closing the portion of the air conditioning loop 1 in which the second expansion means 20 is arranged, thus blocks any circulation of the refrigerant between the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 19 and the external heat exchanger 9.
• the refrigerant In the first mode called "heating", the refrigerant is circulated by the compressor 2 and then passes through the indoor heat exchanger 19.
• the first stop means 6 In the first mode called “heating” of the fourth embodiment of the air conditioning loop 1 , the first stop means 6 is placed in a closed position, otherwise called blocking. As a result, the refrigerant fluid passes through the second expansion means 20, causing a lowering of the fluid pressure refrigerant. The refrigerant then enters the outdoor heat exchanger 9.
• the first stop means 6 In the first mode called “heating” of the fourth embodiment of the air conditioning loop 1, the first stop means 6 is placed in the closed position, and the second stop means 7 is placed in the open position. At the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 19, the refrigerant fluid returns to the compressor 2, advantageously after passing through the storage device 17.
• the first stop means 6 is placed in the closed position, the second stop means 7 is placed in the open position, the first means 14 closes sealing the portion of the air conditioning loop 1 in which it is arranged. Closing the portion of the air conditioning loop 1 in which the first expansion means 14 thus blocks any circulation of the refrigerant between the second expansion means 20 and the evaporator 15.
• the refrigerant is circulated by the compressor 2 and passes through the inner heat exchanger 19.
• the refrigerant passes through the second means detent 20, causing a first lowering of the pressure of the refrigerant, then the first expansion means 14, causing a second lowering of the pressure of the refrigerant.
• the refrigerant enters the evaporator 15 and returns to the compressor 2, advantageously after passing through the storage device 17.
• the first stop means 6 and the second stop means 7 are placed in the closed position.
• the first expansion means 14 is directly in series, in the air conditioning loop 1, after the second expansion means 20.
• the air conditioning loop 1 according to the fourth embodiment has the advantage of being able to be configured according to a third mode said "heater”.
• the third mode called "heating” is such that the air conditioning loop 1 is arranged to allow a circulation of refrigerant in parallel in the external heat exchanger 9 and in the evaporator 15. The refrigerant is separated and into two flow at the second connection point 21.
• Such a configuration is made possible by appropriate control of the control means 5, the first expansion means 14 and the second expansion means 20.
• the refrigerant is circulated by the compressor 2 and passes through the indoor heat exchanger 19.
• the refrigerant passes through the second expansion means 20, causing a first lowering of the refrigerant pressure
• the coolant separates into a first refrigerant portion that passes through the external heat exchanger 9 and a second refrigerant portion that is directed to the first expansion means 14, causing a second lowering the pressure of the refrigerant fluid, prior to the passage of the evaporator 15, before joining the fourth connection point 23.
• the first portion of refrigerant fluid passes through the external heat exchanger 9 and the second stop means 7 before reaching the fourth connection point 23.
• the first refrigerant portion and the second refrigerant portion then combine at the fourth connection point 23 to return to the compressor 2, preferably after passing through the storage device 17.
• the first stop means 6 is placed in closed position, the second stop means 7 is placed in the open position and the first expansion means 14 and the second expansion means 20 are passing while implementing a relaxation of the refrigerant.
• the first expansion means 14 is open to the maximum to operate a minimum relaxation.
• the outdoor heat exchanger 9 and the evaporator 15 then operate in parallel.
• first component is adjacent to a second component, or possibly connected to each other exclusively by a refrigerant transport means which takes, for example, the shape of a conduit. or tubing, in particular flexible or rigid.
• first component is connected to the second component by an inactive means with regard to the thermodynamic cycle that takes place in the air conditioning loop 1.
• present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and provided solely by way of example. It encompasses various modifications, alternative forms and other variants that may be considered by those skilled in the art in the context of the present invention and in particular any combination of the different modes of operation described above, which can be taken separately or in combination.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-11-28 FR FR1103624A patent/FR2983280A1/fr active Pending
• 2012
  • 2012-11-21 CN CN201280058415.3A patent/CN104024009A/zh active Pending
  • 2012-11-21 JP JP2014542803A patent/JP2014533634A/ja active Pending
  • 2012-11-21 EP EP12788214.0A patent/EP2785542A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-11-21 WO PCT/EP2012/073146 patent/WO2013079364A1/fr active Application Filing

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