EP2784238B1 - Cross member and method for mounting - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a supporting structure according to the preambles of the independent claims 1, 6 and a method for mounting according to the preamble of claim 8. This structure is universally applicable in event technology. An essential field of application here is the stage technology, which is used at celebrations, concerts, including OpenAir concerts, fairs and theater etc.

A traverse in event technology represents a supporting and superstructure construction preferably made of a metallic material and is often referred to as truss.

For example DE 103 41 931 A1 is a Traverse known, which is designed as a lifting traverse. Such a cross member comprises a top flange and a bottom flange, wherein the top flange and bottom flange are connected by means of a web. The bridge can have web cutouts for weight savings. Upper and lower chords are made of rolled profile material. The connections of the upper belt, lower belt and web are made by means of welded joints (welded construction), the traverse preferably being made of a steel or an aluminum alloy.

DE 10 2009 004073 A1 describes a mounting system for suspended suspension points for use at exhibition stands. The mounting system comprises at least one coupling, at least one cable-shaped connecting element, connected to a carrier rail, and a suspension point. The coupling may be attached to a mounting rail, preferably a Halfen rail. The support rail has in the upper region end side arranged sliding blocks, which are connected by means of shackles and securing bolts with the rope-shaped connecting element. In the lower part of the support rail a suspension point for receiving the traffic load is provided.

DE 10 2009 004073 A1 discloses the features of the introductory parts of claims 1 and 6.

DE 292751A discloses an anchor rail, here referred to as a slotted hollow reinforcing bar, which consists of a section steel with rear anchoring. Such an anchor rail is also known by the term Halfen rail and is preferably installed in concrete.

US Pat. No. 6,571,527 B1 discloses a traverse in the form of an elongated structure with an upper flange formed from two angle sections and a, disposed at a distance adjacent, formed from two angle sections lower flange. Between the two angle profiles of the upper flange and the two angle profiles of the lower flange webs connected by angle profiles are arranged.

DE 38 24 938 A1 discloses a structural structure formed of scaffold material, which is to carry a podium surface with walk-in panels. The plates rest on a frame. The frame is formed with upright rectangular tubes for each floor element. The rectangular tubes are connected by transverse square tubes. These are attached as Spannelemnete swivel eyebolts, which are tightened with nuts under tabs.

The invention is based on the object to provide a structural structure and a method for mounting the aforementioned type which allows at their suspension points a more uniform load distribution over the system length.

The object is solved by the characterizing features of claim 1, 6 and 8, respectively. Further developments emerge from the dependent claims.

A first advantage of the developed Traverse is that it has several suspension points, which a more even load distribution allowed over their system length. For this purpose, the suspension points over the system length of the cross member are arranged at intervals on a top flange of the traverse and by means of one connecting element which is assigned to the corresponding suspension point, the upper flange with a stationary anchor rail, for example a Halfen rail is releasably connected. Such an anchor rail is preferably formed in cross-section as a C-profile, wherein the anchor rail is connected at the back to a supporting structure and the C-profile, the connecting elements, such as hammer head screws, receives. The Traverse is provided hanging on an anchor rail of a supporting structure. Preferably, the suspension points are provided with connecting elements at equal intervals over the system length of the traverse or the upper belt. At each suspension point, a connecting element is thus provided in each case. The number of suspension points with associated fasteners may vary depending on the requirement, for example, extreme loads or maximum security.

In a first example, with a system length of the crossmember or upper chord of 1000 mm and a max. Traffic load of 500 kg, for example, be provided four suspension points, each with a suspension point associated with the connecting element. In a second example, with a system length of the crossmember or upper chord of 1000 mm and a max. Traffic load of a few tons, for example, be provided twenty or thirty suspension points, each with a suspension point associated with the connecting element.

The upper flange is linear and is connected by means of webs with a lower flange. The axes of the upper and lower chords are aligned and the axes of the bars intersect the axes of the upper and lower chords. In this case, the lower flange without acting traffic load in a training parallel, ie linear, be arranged to the upper flange. In a further, second embodiment, the lower belt can have a convex curvature pointing to the upper belt without acting traffic load. The lower flange thus has in the second training on a bias. The originally convex curvature of the lower belt changes with an effective traffic load and turns into a linear training form of the lower belt. If the traffic load no longer acts on the lower belt, the lower belt returns to the originally convex curvature shape as a result of the initial tension.

In this embodiment, the upper belt remains linear, i. Undeformed, on the other hand, the lower flange is deformed elastically with the webs (with acting traffic load). If the traverse is additionally formed with integrally connected bulkhead plates, then the bulkhead plates are also deformed elastically (with acting traffic load).

As a second advantage, it can be mentioned that substantially equal loads are distributed in the area of each individual suspension point of the traverse in the case of a traffic load which preferably acts centrally on the lower belt. In an effective traffic load unequal load distributions at the suspension points and deflections, as is known in conventional designs of trusses or mounting systems with ropes, especially on the lower flange can be avoided on the crossbar.

A third advantage of the Traverse developed is that in a training between top chord, bottom chord and the adjacent webs depending on a partition plate is provided, which is connected to the webs and the upper flange and the lower flange by means of welded constructions. Thus, an improved stiffening can be created, which - at an effective traffic load - the compressive / tensile forces (elastic deformation), especially in the area of the webs, noticeably reduced.

A fourth advantage is that the traverse - with the same traffic loads in relation to conventional trusses or mounting systems with ropes - allows a lighter, shortened design and thus a simple, compact traverse is created. This results, for example, in shorter assembly times and improved handling for fitters.

As a fifth advantage can be mentioned that the traverse can be modular and thus with other, identical trusses lined up by means of coupling elements, can be releasably connected. Thus, by stringing together several such trusses with little effort larger distances to a supporting structure, for example, on a hall or stage ceiling, mounted and this if necessary in several rows. In a further embodiment, coupling elements can be provided for the end-side connection of the modular trusses. Depending on the design of the coupling elements, these trusses can be arranged linearly aligned and / or likewise at a right angle to one another or intersecting, so that spatial structures can be formed by means of these truss arrangements. For this purpose, if necessary, corresponding anchor rails can be provided on the supporting structure and the trusses are in turn connectable by means of the connecting elements at the intended suspension points with the associated anchor channels.

A sixth advantage results from the fact that the traverse is connected in a further aspect of the supporting structure according to the invention in each case at the free end faces of the upper flange, each with a gear mechanism. Cardan gears or cardan joints or coupling gears are particularly suitable as a gear mechanism. Each gear mechanism is connected to a respective plate, which can be by means of fasteners, such as hammer head screws, on an anchor rail of a supporting structure, for example, on a hall or stage ceiling, can be mounted or is. Each plate is connected by means of connecting elements with the anchor rail or Halfenschiene. In this case, such a traverse - as already mentioned - have over the system length of the traverse arranged at intervals on the upper flange suspension points. However, these suspension points are not used in this case, because the two frontally arranged on the upper belt gear mechanisms realize the connection to the respective plate or the anchor rail or Halfenschiene. Alternatively, provided for use by means of transmission mechanism trusses already in the Production corresponding suspension points (over the system length) accounts. The basic structure of the traverse described above remains unchanged.

A seventh advantage consists in that a weighing cell, also referred to as a weighing cell, may preferably be arranged in the area of each one acting traffic load, in order to ensure that the permissible traffic load_bzw. Shear and / or tensile / compressive forces are not exceeded. This load cell may comprise an optical display or may be signal and / or circuitry coupled to a display and / or evaluation device. Depending on the requirements, such load cells may be in operative connection with the coupling elements or transmission mechanisms.

An eighth advantage is that in the formation of a traverse with a plurality of spaced at intervals over the system length of the traverse on the top flange suspension points and each associated connecting element on each connecting element can each be arranged a damping element. Thus, each connecting element, for example depending on a hammer head screw, with a stationary anchor rail, such as a Halfen rail, be releasably connected. The use of damping elements allows the suspension points or connecting elements a more uniform load distribution over the system length of the traverse or on the upper flange. Due to the damping elements, the bearing forces on the connecting elements (viewed over the system length) of the traverse can be distributed more evenly. For this purpose, the damping elements on a sandwich structure and are on the inside of the upper flange of the crossbar with the respective connecting element in operative connection.

Fig. 1

eine Traverse mit Ober- und Untergurt in erster Ausbildung,

Fig. 2

die Traverse gem. Fig. 1 in zweiter Ausbildung,

Fig. 2a

die Relativlage der Achsen gem. Schnitt A-A in Fig. 2,

Fig. 3

zwei baugleiche Traversen gem. Fig. 1 oder 2 zum Aneinanderreihen,

Fig. 4

eine Weiterbildung von Fig. 3 mit einer Klemmeinrichtung,

Fig. 5

eine Traverse mit jeweils einem stirnseitig am Obergurt angeordneten Getriebemechanismus in erster Ausbildung,

Fig. 6

eine Traverse gem. Fig. 5 in zweiter Ausbildung,

Fig. 7

ein Detail eines Verbindungselements am Obergurt.

The invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment. Here are shown schematically:

Fig. 1

a traverse with upper and lower belt in the first training,

Fig. 2

the Traverse gem. Fig. 1 in second education,

Fig. 2a

the relative position of the axes gem. Cut AA in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 3

two structurally identical trusses acc. Fig. 1 or 2 to string together,

Fig. 4

a further education of Fig. 3 with a clamping device,

Fig. 5

a traverse, each with a frontally arranged on the upper flange gear mechanism in the first training,

Fig. 6

a Traverse gem. Fig. 5 in second education,

Fig. 7

a detail of a connecting element on the upper flange.

A traverse 1 comprises a linear, i. a rectilinear upper flange 2 and a lower flange 3 arranged at a distance therefrom, upper flange 2 and lower flange 3 being connected to a plurality of webs 4. In particular, the upper flange 2 has a plurality of connecting elements 6 arranged at intervals in the axial direction, for example, in each case designed as a screw connection or carrying bolt. Hammerhead bolts are preferably suitable as connecting elements 6 or screw connections. By means of these connecting elements 6, the cross member 1 is preferably releasably fixable to a supporting structure 15. In this case, the upper flange 2 is formed linearly and comprises a plurality of spaced suspension points A, wherein at each suspension points A of the upper belt 2 each have a connecting element 6 is arranged.

In the first embodiment, the lower flange 3 in the state without a traffic load F parallel to the upper flange 2, d. H. linear, arrangement on.

In a second embodiment, the lower flange 3 in the state without traffic load F has a convex curvature facing the upper flange 2 and thus has a bias.

The connecting elements 6, in particular designed as hammer head screws, are detachably connected to a stationary anchor rail 14 (Halfen rail) connected to the supporting structure 15. For receiving the connecting elements 6, the upper flange 2 corresponding openings, such as holes 20 have.

In a further embodiment, the individual connecting elements 6 can be arranged at equal distances from one another according to the respectively provided suspension points A over a system length L on the upper belt 2.

Preferably, the traverse 1 is made of a steel or an aluminum alloy, is integrally formed and the webs 4 may be arranged at right angles or diagonally between the upper flange 2 and lower flange 3. Such a Traverse 1 can be made of a hollow material (hollow profile) or a solid material. The axis of upper flange A _O and the axis of lower flange A _U are arranged in parallel and the axes of the webs A _S intersect the axes of upper and lower belt (A _O , A _U ), as this Fig. 2a shows. Between upper flange 2 and lower flange 3 and the webs 4 corresponding clearances 5 are provided.

In a further development, a partition plate 9 may be provided between upper flange 2, lower flange 3 and the adjacent webs 4, which is connected to the webs 4 and at least parts of the inner sides 12, 13 of upper flange 2 and lower flange 3 by means of welded constructions. In the area of the free spaces 5, the individual suspension points A are provided with the individually assigned connection elements 6. In the case of the embodiment with partition plates 9, they preferably also have free spaces 5 in the corner regions of web 4 and the inner sides 12, 13 and the region of the connecting elements 6. Fig. 2 ) on. These free spaces 5 ( Fig. 2 ) are necessarily smaller than the free spaces 5 without bulkhead plates 9 (FIG. Fig. 1 ). In another Training can each have a partition plate 9 parallel to the inner sides 12, 13 of Obergurt or lower flange 2, 3 arranged free spaces 5 Fig. 4 ). In the training gem. Fig. 2 For reasons of clarity, only the elastic deformation on the lower flange 3 is shown; the elastic deformation of the webs 4 and the partition plates 9 (when the traffic load is applied) are not shown.

The initially mentioned convex curvature of the lower belt 3 is preferably a circular arc 8 and this circular arc 8 comprises a vertex S, which is arranged centrally with respect to the system length L of the cross member 1. The circular arc 8 is preferably delimited by a first end point E ₁ and a second end point E ₂ , the maximum distance of which corresponds to the system length L of the crossbeam 1.

For example, in a cross member 1, which for an approved traffic load F of max. 500 kg and made of pipe material based on an aluminum alloy, with a system length L of 1000 mm, with a system height H of 250 mm, with a top flange 2, a bottom flange 3 and webs 4 each having an outer diameter of 50 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm each vertex S of the circular arc 8 of the lower belt 3 a deflection x of max. 5 mm, i. x ≤ 5 mm, to the horizontal of the lower leg 3 have.

The cross member 1 has a system height H, bounded by the outer side 10 of the upper belt 2 and the outer side 11 of the lower belt 3, on. Furthermore, the traverse 1 has a certain system length L. The system height H and the system length L of trusses 1 can have standardized sizes. The Traverse 1 may consist of steel or preferably an aluminum alloy. Upper flange 2 and lower flange 3 are connected via the webs 4 by means of a material connection, in particular a welded construction. For this purpose, the webs 4 are integrally connected to an inner side 12 of the upper belt 2 and to an inner side 13 of the lower belt 3. Upper flange 2 and lower flange 3 and the webs 4 may consist of a Hollow profile be formed with circular or elliptical or polygonal cross-section.

In the middle region of the lower belt 3, a breakpoint is provided, which receives a stop means 7. The stop means 7 can, as in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown, in the lower flange 3 releasably arranged eyebolt with an O-ring. At this stop means 7 attacks the load F in the load case. The traverse 1 is not limited to a central arrangement of the stop means 7. Rather, taking into account the permissible traffic load F or traffic loads F, a plurality of stop means 7, preferably symmetrically arranged at intervals, may be provided on the lower belt 3.

Fig. 4 shows an example of an off-center arrangement of a stop means 7 '. The stop means 7 'may preferably be a detachable on the lower flange 3 can be arranged clamping device. For example, the clamping device may be formed by half clamps 19. Such half clamps 19 are formed in two or more parts connected in half-shell shape, the cross-section (round or rectangular / square tube) of lower flange 3 adapted and surround the lower flange 3 and may include an O-ring for striking a traffic load F.

In a further development, a load cell 17 may be arranged as a measuring device in the area of each one acting traffic load F. Furthermore, such load cells 17 can be arranged on the clamping devices (half clamps 19). Such a load cell 17 may comprise an optical display or may be signal and / or circuitry coupled to a display and / or evaluation device 18.

In one embodiment, the Traverse 1 can be modular and can with other, identical truss 1 '( Fig. 3 ) strung together by means of coupling elements 16, are releasably connected. Thus, by juxtaposing a plurality of such trusses 1, 1 'to n with little effort longer distances, for example, on a hall or stage ceiling, be mounted and if necessary in several rows. The coupling elements 16 are preferably arranged at one end on the upper flange 2 and at the associated end of the lower belt 3 of the first cross member 1 and can according to Fig. 3 (Double arrow) end with Obergurt 2 'and lower flange 3' another Traverse 1 'releasably, preferably positively connected. Preferably, the coupling elements 16 by means of connecting means, in particular bolts, with the trusses 1, 1 'detachably connected.

The coupling elements 16 for the end-side connection of the modular trusses 1, 1 '- n are not limited to a linear (aligned) connection of two trusses 1, 1'. Rather, further coupling elements 16 may be designed as T-pieces for connecting three crossbars 1, 1 ', 1 "or cross pieces for connecting four crossbars 1, 1', 1", 1 "', so that the traverses 1 -1" At a right angle to one another or intersecting (traverses 1-1 "') can be arranged Thus, by such coupling elements 16 in conjunction with several trusses 1 - n spatial structures, for example, when used in the stage technology, are formed.

For example, in the case of trusses 1, 1 'to n with a respective system length L of 1000 mm, by lining up 50 such trusses 1, 1', etc. on a supporting structure 15, e.g. a hall or stage ceiling, a distance of 50 m, and if necessary mehrreihig be formed. In this juxtaposition appropriate anchor channels 14 may in turn be provided on the supporting structure 15 and the trusses 1, 1'-n are in turn connectable by means of the connecting elements 6 at the intended suspension points A with the associated anchor rails 14.

If necessary, in the connection of two trusses 1, 1 ', preferably in the region of the coupling elements 16, at least one load cell 17 may be provided, which may comprise a visual display or signaling and / or circuitry with the display and / or evaluation device 18th can be coupled. Such a load cell 17 may - as in Fig. 4 shown - outside of the upper flange 2 and be arranged on the lower flange 3. Alternatively, you can Such a load cell 17, including power supply and transmitter, be disposed within the upper belt 2 and the lower belt 3 and / or the coupling elements 16.

The Traverse 1 is not limited to the described training with upper flange 2 and lower flange 3. Rather, at least one center belt (not shown) may be provided, which is arranged in a parallel arrangement between the upper belt 2 and lower belt 3. The at least one center belt is in turn connected by webs 4 with the upper belt 2 and the lower belt 3. If necessary, 5 bulkheads 9 can be provided in the open spaces. Upper belt 2 and lower belt 3 and the at least one center belt and the webs 4 may be formed from a hollow profile with circular or elliptical or polygonal cross-section.

According to Fig. 5 and 6 Embodiments of the traverse 1 are shown, which are substantially identical to the embodiments described above. In this case, the lower belt 3 in the state without traffic load F may also have a parallel arrangement or a convex curvature facing the upper belt 2.

The axis of upper flange A _O and the axis of lower flange A _U are in turn aligned, in the case of the parallel arrangement of the lower flange 3 to the upper flange 2, the axes A _O , A _U are arranged in parallel, and the axes of the webs A _S intersect the axes of Upper and lower girth (A _O , A _U ). A traverse 1 has in each case at the free end faces of the upper flange 2 each one, with the upper flange 2 fixedly connected gear mechanism (21, 23, 24, or 21 to 24). Such a gear mechanism (21, 23, 24, or 21 to 24) is identical on each end face of the upper flange 2, but executed in mirror image.

According to Figure 5 the crossbeam 1 comprises a first, fixedly arranged on the top flange 2 joint 21. The first stationary joint 21 is in operative connection with a second, fixedly arranged on a plate 24 at right angles joint 23. The two joints 21, 23 are connected by means of a support pin (without reference numerals).

According to Figure 6 the crossbeam 1 comprises a first, fixedly arranged on the top flange 2 joint 21. The first stationary joint 21 is in operative connection with a coupling rod 22. Preferably, the first stationary joint 21 and the coupling rod 22 by means of a support pin (without reference numerals) are connected. The coupling rod 22 is further connected to a second, fixed to the plate 24 at right angles arranged joint 23 in operative connection. Preferably, the coupling rod 22 and the second fixed joints 23 by means of a support pin (without reference numerals) are connected.

The plate 24 gem. Fig. 5 and 6 is parallel to a structural structure 15, such as a hall or stage ceiling, mountable. For this purpose, each plate has 24 holes 20 for receiving connecting elements 6. In each bore 20, a connecting element 6 is thus provided, which is connected to an anchor rail 14 and Halfenschiene of the supporting structure 15. In this case, such a traverse 1 - as already mentioned - have over the system length L of the cross member 1 at intervals on the top flange 2 arranged suspension points A. These suspension points A are not used, however, because in this case the two frontally arranged on the top flange 2 gear mechanisms as suspension points A connect to the respective plate 24 or by means of the respective connecting element 6 to the anchor rail 14 and Halfenschiene realize. Alternatively, in the case of trusses 1 provided for use by means of a gear mechanism, corresponding suspension points A or bores 20 on the top flange 2 can already be omitted during production.

Alternatively, a respective coupling element 16 can be used as part of a gear mechanism, which is detachably arranged connected to the associated plate 24 on the supporting structure 15 and the anchor rail 14.

As an example Fig. 6 shows, the transmission mechanism (21, 23, 24, or 21 to 24) on each end face of the upper flange 2 with a load cell 17 already described circuit and signaling technology to be coupled. Each load cell 17 is provided with an already described display / evaluation device 18 coupled in terms of switching and signaling.

In summary, the upper flange 2 is formed linearly and in each case at the free end faces of the upper flange 2 is one, with the upper flange 2 firmly connected gear mechanism 21, 23, 24; or 21-24. Each gear mechanism 21, 23, 24; or 21 to 24 comprises a plate (24) which is releasably connected by means of connecting elements (6) to an anchor rail 14 (to the supporting structure 15). In the condition without traffic load F, the lower belt 3 has a parallel arrangement or a convex curvature facing the upper belt 2. The axis of Obergurt A _O and the axis of lower flange A _U are arranged in alignment and the axes of the webs A _S intersect the axes of upper and lower chord A _O , A _U. In the case of the parallel arrangement of the lower flange 3 to the upper flange 2, in addition to the aligned arrangement of the axes A _O , A _U, this arrangement is also parallel.

The mode of action acc. Fig. 1 to 4 is as follows. The traverse 1 with a linear upper flange 2 and a, adjacent at a distance arranged lower flange 3 and more, the upper flange 2 and the lower flange 3 materially connecting webs 4 comprises the lower flange 3 in the state without traffic load F with a top flange 2 facing parallel arrangement to the top flange 2 or with a convex curvature to the top flange 2. The top flange 2 is detachably connected to the suspension points A provided by means of the connecting elements 6 with the arranged on the structural structure 15 anchor rail 14 (Halfen rail).

Subsequently, a traffic load F can be attached to at least one stopping point (lower chord 3) with stop means 7.

In the first embodiment, the lower chord 3 remains substantially parallel, ie linear to the upper chord 2. In the second embodiment, the originally convex, biased curve shape of the lower chord 3 changes as a result of the acting traffic load F and changes into a linear embodiment of the lower chord 3 ,

In order to avoid overloading or impairing the safety of the traverse 1, the maximum traffic load F for each traverse 1 is set. Preferably, the breakpoint of the stop means 7 is arranged on a straight line, in the present example of the vertical, to the vertex S of the convex curvature. When the traffic load F on the stop means 7 is removed, the linear embodiment of the lower belt 3 returns to the convex curve shape (second embodiment).

The representation of the convex curvature of the lower chord 3 in the Fig. 1 and 2 is merely shown for convenience in this form and thus is not to scale.

The connecting elements 6 can preferably connect the respective traverse 1 with defined torque with the structural construction 15 or the anchor rail 14. In terms of safety, the respective defined torques can be recorded and documented in terms of data technology.

In the crossbeam 1 with a plurality of suspension points A arranged at intervals over the system length L of the traverse 1 on the upper belt 2 and in each case one associated connecting element 6, one damping element 25 to 27 can be arranged on each provided connecting element 6. Fig. 7 shows such a connecting element 6, which shows by way of example a per se known hammer head screw 30 with threaded bolt 28. The associated anchor rail 14 is not shown for reasons of clarity and the hammer head screw 30 is not (yet) shown rotated in the installed position. The hammer head screw 30 (with threaded bolt 28) is arranged in the corresponding suspension point A associated bore 20 on the top flange 2 (outer side 10) of the cross member 1 and thus penetrates the upper flange 2. The threaded bolt 28 protrudes with its free end on the inner side 12 of the upper flange 2 in the free space 5. At the free end of the threaded bolt 28, a first disc 25, a disc-shaped damping material 26 and a second disc 27 are arranged in the axial direction thereof. The discs 25, 27 are formed of a metallic material, such as steel, and have a bore which communicates with the threaded bolt 28 in FIG Active compound is. The damping material 26 is preferably made of an elastomer or contains at least one elastomer and also has a bore which is in operative connection with the threaded bolt 28. For example, as elastomer, a rubber material or other elastically deformable plastic or mixtures thereof may be used. In the axial direction of the threaded bolt 28 is adjacent to the second disc 27 adjacent a lock nut 29 is detachably connected to the threaded bolt 28.

For a more uniform load distribution over the system length L of the traverse 1 or on the upper flange 2, the connecting elements 6 may each be formed with a damping element 25 to 27. With the same geometrical dimensions on the respective damping element 25 to 27, the damping material 26 in particular can have different moduli of elasticity (modulus of elasticity) for each individual damping element 25 to 27 or the connecting element 6. The higher the respective modulus of elasticity of a damping material 26, the stiffer the connection between connecting element 6 and anchor rail 14 and vice versa. By taking the moduli of elasticity into account, a more uniform load distribution over the system length L of the traverse 1 or on the upper flange 2 can thus be achieved with the same geometric dimensions at the suspension points A or the connecting elements 6. By the damping elements 25-27, the support forces on the connecting elements 6 (viewed over the system length L) of the traverse 1 can be distributed more evenly.

The mode of action acc. Fig. 5 and 6 is as follows. The traverse 1 with a linear upper flange 2 and a, adjacent at a distance arranged lower flange 3 and more, the upper flange 2 and the lower flange 3 materially connecting webs 4 comprises the lower flange 3 in the state without traffic load F with a top flange 2 facing parallel arrangement to the top flange 2 or with a convex curvature to the top flange 2. The top flange 2 is at each end face with a transmission mechanism 21, 23, 24 or 21 to 24 on the respective associated plate 24 with connecting elements 6 with the supporting structure 15, alternatively at the Structural design 15 arranged anchor rail 14 (Halfen rail) releasably connected. Subsequently, a traffic load F can be attached to at least one stopping point (lower chord 3) with stop means 7.

At this time, in the first embodiment, the lower chord 3 remains substantially parallel, that is, the lower chord 3. linear to the upper flange 2. In the second embodiment, the originally convex, biased curvature of the lower belt 3 changes as a result of the acting traffic load F and is in a linear training form of the lower belt 3 on.

In order to avoid overloading or impairing the safety of the traverse 1, the maximum traffic load F for each traverse 1 is set. Preferably, the breakpoint of the stop means 7 is arranged on a straight line, in the present example of the vertical, to the vertex S of the convex curvature. When the traffic load F on the stop means 7 is removed, the linear embodiment of the lower belt 3 returns to the convex curve shape (second embodiment).

The representation of the convex curvature of the lower chord 3 in the Fig. 1 and 2 is merely shown for convenience in this form and thus is not to scale.

The connecting elements 6 can preferably connect the respective traverse 1 with defined torque with the structural construction 15 or the anchor rail 14. In terms of safety, the respective defined torques can be recorded and documented in terms of data technology.

The working method comprises a method for mounting a supporting structure 15 according to the invention according to claim 8.

In this case, the suspension points A and thus the connecting elements 6 can be provided on the upper flange 2 at equal distances from each other.

In a further step, a cross member 1 with another, identical cross member 1 'by means of coupling elements 16 lined up, are releasably connected. In this case, the cross member 1 'is analogously connected to the traverse 1 at the suspension points A by means of the connecting elements 6 with the supporting structure 15 or the or an arranged on the supporting structure 15 anchor rail 14.

Alternatively, at least one anchor rail 14 is fixedly arranged on the supporting structure 15 and the connecting elements 6 of the crossbar 1, 1 'are detachably connected to the anchor rail 14.

Alternatively, the upper flange 2 on each end face, each with a gear mechanism 21, 23, 24 or 21 to 24 via the respective associated plate 24 with connecting elements 6 with the anchor rail 14 (Halfen rail) are releasably connected. The end faces on the top flange form the suspension points of the traverse 1 in this embodiment.

Subsequently, a traffic load F can be attached to at least one stopping point (lower chord 3) with stop means 7.

At this time, in the first embodiment, the lower chord 3 remains substantially parallel, that is, the lower chord 3. linear to the upper flange 2. In the second embodiment, the originally convex, biased curvature of the lower belt 3 changes as a result of the acting traffic load F and is in a linear training form of the lower belt 3 on.

In the training that a suspension point A is provided on the upper belt 2 frontally, each suspension point A by means of one, a plate 24 comprehensive gear mechanism 21, 23, 24; or 21 to 24 releasably connected with connecting elements 6 with the anchor rail 14.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

- Traverse

2

- upper strap

3

- lower chord

4

- Footbridge

5

- Free space

6

- Connecting element

7

- Slings

8th

- circular arc

9

- Schott sheet metal

10

- outside (upper belt)

11

- outside (lower flange)

12

- inside (upper belt)

13

- inside (lower flange)

14

- anchor rail

15

- Structural design

16

- Coupling element

17

- load cell

18

- Display / evaluation device

19

- half clamps

20

- Drilling

21

- first stationary joint (upper belt)

22

- coupling rod

23

- second fixed joint (plate)

24

- plate

25

- first disc

26

- damping material

27

- second disc

28

- threaded bolt

29

- Locknut

A

- suspension point

_AO

- Axle upper belt

A _S

- Axis bridge

A _U

- axle lower belt

E ₁

- first endpoint

E ₂

- second endpoint

F

- Traffic load

H

- system height

L

- System length

S

- vertex

x

- deflection

Claims (11)

1. A supporting structure (15) with a fixed anchor rail (14) and a cross member (1) mounted suspended to the anchor rail (14), characterized in that
   the cross member (1) has an upper belt (2) and an adjacently spaced apart lower belt (3), as well as several webs (4) that connect the upper belt (2) and lower belt (3) via welded structures,
   that the upper belt (2) is linearly designed and has several spaced apart suspension points (A), and a connecting element (6) is arranged at each suspension point (A), wherein each connecting element (6) is detachably connected with the anchor rail (14),
   that the lower belt (3), when not exposed to any traffic load (F), has a parallel arrangement pointing toward the upper belt (2), or a convex curvature,
   that the axis of the upper belt (A_O) and axis of the lower belt (A_U) are aligned flush, and the axes of the webs (A_S) intersect the axes of the upper and lower belt (A_O, A_U),
   such that free spaces (5) are provided between the upper belt (2) and lower belt (3) as well as the webs (4),
   that the suspension points (A) with the connecting elements (6) are arranged in the area of the free spaces (5), and
   that at least one stop means (7) is provided on the lower belt (3), which is acted upon by the traffic load (F).
2. The supporting structure (15) according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the connecting elements (6) are arranged on the upper belt (2) spaced equidistantly apart.
3. The supporting structure (15) according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   a respective bulkhead plate (9) is provided between the upper belt (2), lower belt (3) and adjacent webs (4), which is connected with the webs (4) and interior sides (12, 13) of the upper belt (2) and lower belt (3) by welded structures.
4. The supporting structure (15) according to claim 1,
   characterized in that,
   at each suspension point (A) on the upper belt (2), the connecting element (6) is operatively connected with a damping element (25 to 27) on the interior side (12) of the upper belt (2).
5. The supporting structure (15) according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the cross beam (1) has coupling elements (16) at one end of the upper and lower belt (2, 3) for establishing a detachable connection with another structurally identical cross beam (1').
6. A supporting structure (15) with a fixed anchor rail (14) and a cross member (1) mounted suspended to the anchor rail (14), characterized in that
   the cross member (1) has an upper belt (2) and an adjacently spaced apart lower belt (3), as well as several webs (4) that connect the upper belt (2) and lower belt (3) via welded structures,
   that the upper belt (2) is linearly designed and at the respective free end faces of the upper belt (2) has a respective gear mechanism (21, 23, 24; or 21 to 24) fixedly connected with the upper belt (2),
   that each gear mechanism (21, 23, 24; or 21 to 24) has a plate (24), which is detachably connected by means of connecting elements (6) to the anchor rail (14) of the supporting structure (15),
   that the lower belt (3), when not exposed to any traffic load (F), has a parallel arrangement pointing toward the upper belt (2), or a convex curvature,
   that the axis of the upper belt (A_O) and axis of the lower belt (A_U) are aligned flush, and the axes of the webs (A_S) intersect the axes of the upper and lower belt (A_O, A_U).
7. The supporting structure (15) according to claim 1 or 6,
   characterized in that
   the cross beam (1) is made out of a steel or aluminum alloy, and the webs (4) are arranged at a right angle or diagonally between the upper belt (2) and lower belt (3).
8. A method for mounting the supporting structure (15) according to one of claims 1 or 6,
   Wherein
   the several suspension points (A) are provided spaced apart on the upper belt (2),
   whereupon one of the respective connecting elements (6) is arranged on the upper belt (2) at each suspension point (A), and
   whereupon each connecting element (6) is detachably connected with the anchor rail (14) of the supporting structure (15), or a respective suspension point (A) is provided on the end face of the upper belt (2), and that each suspension point (A) is detachably connected by means of a respective one of the gear mechanisms (21, 23, 24; or 21 to 24) comprising the plate with anchor rail (14) of the supporting structure (15) via the connecting elements.
9. The method according to claim 8,
   wherein
   the cross beam (1), which has the several suspension points (A) spaced apart on the upper belt (2) and receives a respective one of the connecting elements (6) at each suspension point (A), is rowed together with another structurally identical cross beam (1') and detachably connected thereto by means of coupling elements (16).
10. The supporting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the convex curvature of the lower belt is a circular arc, and this circular arc comprises a vertex (S) that is centrally arranged in relation to a system length (L) of the cross beam.
11. The supporting structure according to claim 1 and 10, characterized in that the circular arc is bordered by a first end point (E1) and a second end point (E2), and that its maximum distance corresponds to the system length (L) of the cross beam.

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