EP2767984B1 - Energie- und/oder Telekommunikationskabel - Google Patents

Energie- und/oder Telekommunikationskabel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2767984B1
EP2767984B1 EP14154850.3A EP14154850A EP2767984B1 EP 2767984 B1 EP2767984 B1 EP 2767984B1 EP 14154850 A EP14154850 A EP 14154850A EP 2767984 B1 EP2767984 B1 EP 2767984B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrically insulating
insulating layer
cable
layer
fire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14154850.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2767984A1 (de
Inventor
Arnaud Allais
Yves Parasie
Christelle Mazel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexans SA
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Nexans SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/04—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances mica
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
    • H01B9/027—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients composed of semi-conducting layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power cable and / or telecommunication comprising at least two electrically insulating layers.
  • medium voltage cables designed in particular to remain operational for a defined time when they are subjected to extreme conditions such as fires or floods.
  • cables whether electrical or optical, intended for energy transport or data transmission comprise at least one conductive element, electrical or optical, surrounded by at least one insulating layer.
  • Medium or high voltage cables may also include an outer semiconductor layer disposed between the outer conductive shield which generally consists of a ribbon or metal braid and the electrically insulating layer.
  • the electrically insulating layer surrounding the inner semiconductor layer generally comprises an extruded mixture of a polymer with mica.
  • this cable comprises a central electrical conductor around which are the following successive layers: a first semiconductor layer; a first extruded insulating layer based on an ethylene-propylene elastomer (EPR) blended with mica, or a base copolymer blended with mica, or a cross-linked polyethylene containing carbon particles; a second semiconductor layer; a third semiconductor layer; a second extruded insulating layer; and a fourth semiconductor.
  • EPR ethylene-propylene elastomer
  • the cables may be subjected to extreme external conditions such as floods or fires that cause in particular changes in the electric field may create partial electrical discharges of the aforementioned type within the insulating layer.
  • the present invention is intended to overcome these major drawbacks by proposing an energy and / or telecommunication cable that can be protected against said partial electric discharges, while having good resistance to extreme external conditions.
  • the electrically insulating layer of the state of the art is thus subdivided into at least two independent electrically insulating layers, each between two semiconductor layers.
  • band layer is understood to mean a layer in the form of a ribbon surrounded around said inner semiconductor layer, to form said first electrically insulating layer.
  • a ribbon is conventionally a long and narrow band of flexible material, intended to be wound around and along the cable of the invention.
  • the layer formed by the winding of the ribbon may or may not include overlapping areas.
  • the other constituent layers of the cable of the invention namely the inner semiconductor layer, the transition semiconductor layer, the second electrically insulating layer, and the outer semiconductor layer may be extruded layers along the cable. of the invention, the extrusion being carried out by techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the material or all of the materials making up the first electrically insulating layer has an electrical permittivity distinct from that of the material (s) composing said second electrically insulating layer.
  • the material or all of the materials making up said first electrically insulating layer has an electrical permittivity greater than that of the material (s) composing said second electrically insulating layer.
  • the first electrically insulating layer may be non-flammable and incombustible.
  • the first electrically insulating layer comprises one or more materials allowing it to be fire resistant.
  • Fire resistance is defined in this case as the property enabling an element to retain its physical and mechanical properties, and in particular its electrical insulation properties, for a defined period of time when exposed to high heat or directly fire.
  • the two electrically insulating layers make it possible to attenuate the intensity of the electric field.
  • the first electrically insulating layer thanks to its fire-resistant properties, allows advantageously to ensure continuity of operation of the cable.
  • the first electrically insulating layer may advantageously comprise an inorganic filler resistant to fire.
  • it comprises more than 50% by weight of inorganic fire-resistant filler, preferably more than 60% by weight of inorganic fire-resistant filler, and preferably more than 70% by weight of inorganic fire-resistant filler.
  • the first electrically insulating layer may comprise at most 90% by weight of inorganic filler resistant to fire.
  • the inorganic fire-resistant filler may be mica, which is in particular a non-combustible and non-flammable material.
  • the polymeric binder makes it possible in particular to maintain the inorganic filler on the surface of the woven support.
  • only one of the two faces of the woven support (in the form of a ribbon) comprises the inorganic fire-resistant filler, and more particularly only one of the two faces of the woven support is covered by the inorganic fire-resistant filler.
  • the face of the woven support comprising the inorganic filler is directly in physical contact with the inner semiconductor layer.
  • the face of the woven support not comprising an inorganic filler is more particularly directly in physical contact with the semiconductor transition layer.
  • the second electrically insulating layer of the invention may advantageously be an extruded layer.
  • It may be a polymeric layer obtained from an olefin polymer, such as an ethylene polymer.
  • the second electrically insulating layer does not comprise an inorganic filler such as, for example, a fire-resistant inorganic filler.
  • the second electrically insulating layer is obtained from a composition comprising only one or more commercially available olefin polymers, and optionally a crosslinking agent.
  • the second transition semiconductor layer and the third electrically insulating layer are positioned between the second electrically insulating layer and the outer semiconductor layer.
  • the matrix and the shape of said semiconductor layers are compatible with those of the electrically insulating layers with which they are in contact.
  • the semiconductor layers are preferably also banded.
  • the single figure is a schematic representation in a cross section of the cable according to the invention.
  • the electric cable 1 according to the invention may also comprise an external conductive protection screen (not shown) surrounded by an outer protective sheath (not shown), the external protection screen surrounding the outer semiconductor layer 7.
  • the presence of the semiconductor layers 3, 5, 7 makes it possible to standardize the electric field and to prevent overvoltages. which are capable of causing partial electrical discharges at the interfaces with said electrically insulating layers 4, 6.
  • the cable 1 according to the invention may comprise more than two electrically insulating layers, each separated by a semiconductor transition layer of the aforementioned type.
  • the second transition semiconductor layer and the third electrically insulating layer are positioned between the second electrically insulating layer 6 and the outer semiconductor layer 7.
  • the first electrically insulating layer 4 is composed of a or multiple materials that allow it to be fire resistant. Fire resistance is defined in this case as the property enabling an element to retain its physical and mechanical properties, and in particular its electrical insulation properties, for a defined period of time when exposed to high heat or directly fire.
  • the material (s) of the first electrically insulating layer 4 is (are) preferably non-flammable and incombustible.
  • the first electrically insulating layer 4 is preferably composed of mica which has the particular advantage of being non-flammable and incombustible.
  • the second electrically insulating layer 6 is composed of polyethylene of the XLPE ("cross-linked polyethylene”) type and / or of polyethylene of the LDPE ("Low-Density Polyethylene” type or low density polyethylene) type and / or of the type TR XLPE ("Tree-Retardant Crosslinked Polyethylene” or cross-linked polyethylene tree retarder) and / or crosslinked polyolefin or not.
  • XLPE cross-linked polyethylene
  • LDPE Low-Density Polyethylene
  • TR XLPE Te-Retardant Crosslinked Polyethylene
  • the material or all of the materials making up said first electrically insulating layer 4 has an electrical permittivity distinct from or greater than that of the material (s) composing said second electrically insulating layer.
  • the base polymers used in trade references LE0592, LS4201R and LE0520 are all LDPEs.
  • the first layer 4 and the second electrically insulating layer 6 can attenuate the intensity of the electric field, thus ensuring the insulation of the cable 1.
  • the second electrically insulating layer 6 composed of XLPE is destroyed under the effect of heat; on the other hand, the first electrically insulating layer 4 made of mica resists fire, which advantageously ensures the continuity of the operation of the cable.
  • the cable 1 according to the invention remains operational for a defined time when it is subjected to high heat and / or directly to fire.
  • the capacity of the cable 1 according to the invention to withstand fire ensures continuity of operation.

Landscapes

  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Energie- und/oder Telekommunikationskabel (1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es aufweist:
    • mindestens ein zentrales leitendes Element (2),
    • eine innere halbleitende Schicht (3), die das zentrale leitende Element (2) umgibt,
    • eine erste elektrisch isolierende Schicht (4), die die innere halbleitende Schicht (3) umgibt, wobei diese erste Schicht eine um die innere halbleitende Schicht (3) gewickelte Schicht ist,
    • eine halbleitende Übergangsschicht (5), die die erste elektrisch isolierende Schicht (4) umgibt,
    • eine zweite elektrisch isolierende Schicht (6), die die halbleitende Übergangsschicht (5) umgibt,
    • eine äußere halbleitende Schicht (7), die die zweite elektrisch isolierende Schicht (6) umgibt.
  2. Kabel (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material oder alle Materialien, die die erste elektrisch isolierende Schicht (4) bilden, eine elektrische Permittivität aufweist (aufweisen), die sich von der des(r) Material(ien) unterscheidet, das (die) die zweite elektrisch isolierende Schicht (6) bildet (bilden).
  3. Kabel (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material oder alle Materialien, die die erste elektrisch isolierende Schicht (4) bilden, eine elektrische Permittivität aufweist (aufweisen), die höher als die der des(r) Material(ien) ist, das (die) die zweite elektrisch isolierende Schicht (6) bildet (bilden).
  4. Kabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste elektrisch isolierende Schicht (4) nicht entflammbar und unbrennbar ist.
  5. Kabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste elektrisch isolierende Schicht (4) einen feuerfesten anorganischen Füllstoff umfasst.
  6. Kabel (1) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste elektrisch isolierende Schicht (4) über 50 Gew.-% feuerfesten anorganischen Füllstoff, vorzugsweise über 60 Gew.-% feuerfesten anorganischen Füllstoff und vorzugsweise über 70 Gew.-% feuerfesten anorganischen Füllstoff umfasst.
  7. Kabel (1) nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der feuerfeste anorganischen Füllstoff Glimmer ist.
  8. Kabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste elektrisch isolierende Schicht (4) ein Band ist, umfassend:
    - den feuerfesten anorganischen Füllstoff,
    - einen gewebten Träger in Bandform, und
    - ein Polymer-Bindemittel.
  9. Kabel (1) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nur eine der zwei Seiten des gewebten Trägers den feuerfesten anorganischen Füllstoff umfasst.
  10. Kabel (1) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Seite des gewebten Trägers, die den anorganischen Füllstoff umfasst, direkt in physischem Kontakt mit der inneren halbleitenden Schicht (3) befindet.
  11. Kabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite elektrisch isolierende Schicht (6) eine Polymerschicht ist, erhalten aus einem Olefinpolymer.
  12. Kabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite elektrisch isolierende Schicht (6) keinen anorganischen Füllstoff umfasst.
  13. Kabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite elektrisch isolierende Schicht (6) aus Polyethylen vom Typ XLPE ("Cross-linked polyethylene") zusammengesetzt ist.
  14. Kabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite elektrisch isolierende Schicht (6) aus Polyethylen vom Typ LDPE ("Low-Density polyethylene") zusammengesetzt ist.
  15. Kabel (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ferner umfasst:
    • eine zweite halbleitende Übergangsschicht, die die zweite elektrisch isolierende Schicht (6) umgibt, und
    • eine dritte elektrisch isolierende Schicht, die die zweite halbleitende Übergangsschicht umgibt.
EP14154850.3A 2013-02-13 2014-02-12 Energie- und/oder Telekommunikationskabel Active EP2767984B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1351238A FR3002077B1 (fr) 2013-02-13 2013-02-13 Cable d'energie et/ou de telecommunication

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP2767984A1 EP2767984A1 (de) 2014-08-20
EP2767984B1 true EP2767984B1 (de) 2018-04-04

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EP14154850.3A Active EP2767984B1 (de) 2013-02-13 2014-02-12 Energie- und/oder Telekommunikationskabel

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FR (1) FR3002077B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3030100B1 (fr) * 2014-12-10 2018-03-02 Nexans Cable ou accessoire pour cable comportant une couche resistante au feu
CN105976907A (zh) * 2016-07-22 2016-09-28 浙江秦山电缆有限公司 一种高阻燃高绝缘电阻的低烟无卤电缆电源线及其制备工艺

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201629181U (zh) * 2010-03-29 2010-11-10 云南云缆电缆(集团)有限公司 阻燃耐火低烟无卤防水防鼠耐候节能型直流电缆

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3792192A (en) * 1972-12-29 1974-02-12 Anaconda Co Electrical cable
GB8425377D0 (en) * 1984-10-08 1984-11-14 Ass Elect Ind High voltage cables

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201629181U (zh) * 2010-03-29 2010-11-10 云南云缆电缆(集团)有限公司 阻燃耐火低烟无卤防水防鼠耐候节能型直流电缆

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 201105, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 2010-Q35402 *

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FR3002077B1 (fr) 2019-05-31
FR3002077A1 (fr) 2014-08-15
EP2767984A1 (de) 2014-08-20

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