EP2767787A1 - Procédé de production d'oxygène gazeux par décomposition à basse température de l'air - Google Patents

Procédé de production d'oxygène gazeux par décomposition à basse température de l'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2767787A1
EP2767787A1 EP14000396.3A EP14000396A EP2767787A1 EP 2767787 A1 EP2767787 A1 EP 2767787A1 EP 14000396 A EP14000396 A EP 14000396A EP 2767787 A1 EP2767787 A1 EP 2767787A1
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Prior art keywords
pressure
pressure column
low
column
oxygen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP14000396.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Alekseev
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Publication of EP2767787A1 publication Critical patent/EP2767787A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/04103—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression using solely hydrostatic liquid head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
    • F25J3/04206—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions including a so-called "auxiliary vaporiser" for vaporising and producing a gaseous product
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04218—Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04303—Lachmann expansion, i.e. expanded into oxygen producing or low pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
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    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04309—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04436—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using at least a triple pressure main column system
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04854—Safety aspects of operation
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • F25J2205/62—Purifying more than one feed stream in multiple adsorption vessels, e.g. for two feed streams at different pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/04—Down-flowing type boiler-condenser, i.e. with evaporation of a falling liquid film
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/40—One fluid being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/50—One fluid being oxygen

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the distillation column systems of the invention may be designed as two-column systems (for example, as a classic Linde double column system), or as three or more column systems.
  • they may comprise further apparatuses for obtaining highly pure products and / or other air components, in particular noble gases, for example argon recovery and / or krypton-xenon recovery.
  • distillation column in particular under “high-pressure column” and under “low-pressure column”, is understood here to mean an apparatus which has mass transfer elements for the direct countercurrent mass transfer between an ascending gas and a liquid flowing down.
  • the mass transfer elements are formed by exchange trays or packing or by a combination of both.
  • the two high-pressure column head condensers are used to generate liquid reflux from the top gas of the respective high-pressure column and are cooled with bottom liquid of the corresponding low-pressure column or another suitable cooling fluid.
  • Both high-pressure column head capacitors are designed as a condenser-evaporator.
  • Each "condenser-evaporator” has a liquefaction space and an evaporation space, which consist of liquefaction passages or evaporation passages. In the liquefaction space, the condensation of a first fluid flow is performed, in the evaporation space, the evaporation of a second fluid flow.
  • the two fluid streams are in indirect heat exchange. Evaporation and Liquefaction space is formed by groups of passages that are in heat exchange relationship with each other.
  • the "main heat exchanger” is used for cooling feed air against return flows and may be formed from one or more parallel and / or serially connected heat exchanger sections, for example from one or more plate heat exchanger blocks.
  • the "first oxygen-enriched fraction” is usually taken from the bottom of the first high-pressure column; Alternatively, it can also be taken from some practical or theoretical soils higher.
  • the "second oxygen-enriched fraction” is usually taken from the bottom of the second high-pressure column; Alternatively, it can also be taken from some practical or theoretical soils higher.
  • the "third oxygen-enriched fraction” is usually taken from the bottom of the second low-pressure column; Alternatively, it can also be taken from some practical or theoretical soils higher.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned above, which has a particularly low energy consumption and thereby has a high flexibility, that allows fast load changes.
  • the invention is concerned with the production of pressureless oxygen.
  • a product pressure pressure in the evaporation chamber of Secondary condenser
  • pressure in the evaporation chamber of Secondary condenser is less than 0.4 bar, preferably less than 0.3 bar or less than 0.2 bar, most preferably less than 0.15 bar above the pressure in the gas space of the first low-pressure column immediately above the sump.
  • these pressure limits generally correspond to 1.7, 1.6, 1.5 and 1.45 bar, respectively.
  • the use of a secondary condenser initially seems pointless, because even no increased pressure is desired, and a secondary condenser basically increases the pre-liquefaction of the air, which is generally considered unfavorable for the efficiency of the rectification in the separation columns.
  • a secondary condenser basically increases the pre-liquefaction of the air, which is generally considered unfavorable for the efficiency of the rectification in the separation columns.
  • the liquid air produced in the secondary condenser causes a massive improvement in the separation performance when it is introduced into at least one, preferably both, low-pressure columns.
  • the introduction into the low pressure column (s) can be done directly or indirectly.
  • the indirect introduction can for example lead via a separator in which the gaseous portion of the air is removed from the secondary condenser;
  • the air from the secondary condenser is introduced into a cup in one of the high-pressure columns, from which in turn the liquid air is taken to the low-pressure column (s).
  • the improvement of the separation performance causes a reduction of the total energy consumption of the system by 3 to 4% compared to a process without secondary condenser, that is, with direct removal of the gaseous oxygen product from the first low-pressure column.
  • the process allows - despite the additional condenser-evaporator - a very dynamic driving of the system.
  • load adjustment speeds of up to 5% per minute, measured by the change in the amount of product of gaseous oxygen.
  • the inventive method is particularly suitable for the production of particularly large amounts of oxygen, that is for air separation plants with a feed air quantity of more than 130,000 Nm 3 / h.
  • FIG. 1 the air compression as well as the pre-cooling and the cleaning of the air are not shown.
  • all the air in a main air compressor (MAC) is compressed to the lower level of the "second pressure", pre-cooled and cleaned under this pressure and then split into a first partial flow and a second partial flow 200.
  • the first partial flow is recompressed to the level of the higher, "first pressure” in a booster compressor (BAC booster air compressor, also not shown).
  • the first partial flow 100 (HP AIR - high pressure air) - shown in the drawing only downstream of the recompression - comprises the "first feed air stream" and the "third feed air stream” of the claims.
  • the second partial stream 200 forms the "second feed air stream" in the sense of the claims, but in this exemplary embodiment additionally contains a turbine air stream which will be described in more detail below. (Smaller proportions of air used for other purposes, called instrument air, are neglected here).
  • the "main heat exchanger” consists in the embodiment of three air side parallel blocks 8a, 8b 8c.
  • the purified and recompressed first partial stream 100 is supplied under the high pressure via the lines 101 a, 101 b, 101 c to the warm end of a main heat exchanger 8 a, 8 b, 8 c.
  • the cooled first partial stream 102 is branched into the "first feed air stream” 105 and the "second" feed air stream "103, 104, which are supplied in gaseous or liquid form or substantially liquid to the first high-pressure column 110 of a first distillation column system 109, which also has a first low-pressure column 111 and a "first high-pressure column overhead condenser” 113, which is designed as a classic main capacitor of a conventional double column.
  • a first part of the overhead gas of the first high-pressure column 110 is condensed.
  • a second portion 128 of this top gas is warmed in the main heat exchanger 8a and partially withdrawn via line 129 as gaseous pressurized nitrogen product (PGAN).
  • GPN gaseous pressurized nitrogen product
  • the liquid nitrogen 114 obtained in the first main condenser 113 is fed to a first part 115 as reflux to the first high-pressure column 110.
  • the remainder 116 is subcooled in a first subcooling countercurrent 117 and fed via line 118 as reflux to the top of the first low pressure column 111.
  • a part can be obtained as required via line 119 as liquid nitrogen product (LIN).
  • line 119 can be used to feed externally generated liquid nitrogen into the first low pressure column 111 ("liquid assist").
  • the bottom liquid of the first high-pressure column 110 is also subcooled to a first part 120 a likewise in the subcooling countercurrent 117.
  • the supercooled bottom liquid 122 forms a "first oxygen-enriched fraction" and is introduced into the first low-pressure column 111 at a first intermediate point.
  • an "oxygen stream” 123 is removed in the liquid state from the first low-pressure column 111 and introduced into the evaporation space of a secondary condenser 300. There, it is substantially completely evaporated in indirect heat exchange with the third feed air stream 103, which is thereby substantially completely liquefied.
  • a "gaseous oxygen stream” 124a is withdrawn, heated in the main heat exchanger 8 to approximately ambient temperature and finally withdrawn via line 124b as a “gaseous oxygen product” (GOX) recovered end product (GOX).
  • GOX gaseous oxygen product
  • liquid oxygen is withdrawn from the evaporation space of the secondary condenser 300 and discharged to at least a portion 136 - optionally after subcooling in the first supercooling countercurrent 117 - as a liquid oxygen product (LOX).
  • LOX liquid oxygen product
  • a small portion 137 of the liquid sump oxygen is removed as purge stream, in brought to supercritical pressure by a pump 138, warmed to approximately ambient temperature in the main heat exchanger 8b, and finally combined with the gaseous oxygen product in line 124b.
  • the top nitrogen of the first low-pressure column 111 is removed under a pressure of more than 1.3 bar, for example 1.4 to 2.0 bar, as the first gaseous top product 125 and after heating in the first supercooling countercurrent 117 and in the main heat exchanger 8 via line 126 withdrawn warm and finally at least temporarily blown off via line 127 into the atmosphere (amb). It can also be used as a regeneration gas (reggas) in air purification or as a dry gas in an evaporative cooler ().
  • reggas regeneration gas
  • the purified second substream 200 of the feed air is fed at about the second pressure to the warm end of a main heat exchanger 8c, shown in the "second feed air stream” 201 and a turbine air stream 202/9.
  • the second feed air stream 201 cooled to about dew point temperature, taken at the cold end of the main heat exchanger 8c via line 208 and the second high-pressure column 210 of a second distillation column system 209, which also has a second low-pressure column 211 and a "second high-pressure column head capacitor" 213.
  • the second high-pressure column overhead condenser 213 is likewise designed here as a conventional main condenser of a conventional double column, but is not operated as a bath evaporator, but as a falling-film evaporator, as in 113.
  • a first part of the overhead gas of the second high-pressure column 210 is condensed.
  • a second portion 228 of the overhead gas of the second high pressure column 110 is warmed in the main heat exchanger 8c and withdrawn via line 230 as a medium pressure gaseous nitrogen (MPGAN) gas product.
  • MPGAN medium pressure gaseous nitrogen
  • the liquid nitrogen 214 obtained in the second main condenser 213 is fed to a first part 215 as reflux to the second high-pressure column 210.
  • the remainder 216 is subcooled in a second subcooling countercurrent 217 and fed via line 218 as reflux to the top of the second low pressure column 211.
  • the bottom liquid 220 of the second high-pressure column 210 forms a "second oxygen-enriched fraction" and is subcooled in the subcooling countercurrent 217.
  • the supercooled bottom liquid 221 is introduced at an intermediate point into the second low-pressure column 211.
  • a part 229 of the supercooled bottoms liquid 121 from the first high-pressure column 110 is fed in at this intermediate point.
  • a "third oxygen-enriched fraction" 223 is removed liquid and fed to a part 236a by means of a liquid pump 235 to a second intermediate point of the first low-pressure column 111.
  • the remainder 236b flows to the evaporation space of the first main capacitor 213.
  • the top nitrogen of the second low-pressure column 211 is removed under a pressure of less than 1.3 bar as a second gaseous top product 225 and after warming in the second supercooling countercurrent 217 and in the main heat exchanger 8c via line 226 warm withdrawn and finally at least temporarily into the atmosphere (amb ) blown off. It can also be used as a regeneration gas (regas gas) in air purification or used as a dry gas in an evaporative cooler.
  • the introduced via line 124 into a cup in the interior of the first high-pressure column 110 liquid air is for the most part again taken over line 150 again and fed via lines 151 and 152 after subcooling 117, 217 two low-pressure column 111, 211 at a suitable intermediate point.
  • the turbine air stream 202, 9 is supplied at an intermediate temperature of the main heat exchanger 8c of an air turbine 11, which is coupled to a generator 12, and there relaxed to about the operating pressure of the first low-pressure column 111.
  • the relaxed turbine air stream 13 is fed to the first low-pressure column 11.
  • FIG. 2 is different from this FIG. 1 in that two independent air compressor trains are used to generate the two partial air streams 100 and 200.
  • atmospheric air (AIR) 401 is brought down to a "first pressure" of 4.0 to 5.8 bar (plus pressure drops) from a first main air compressor 404 via a filter 403, cooled in a first direct contact cooler 405 with evaporative cooler 406 and then in a cleaning device 407, which consists of a pair of reversible molecular sieve adsorber, cleaned at about the first pressure and then fed via line 100 to the warm end of the main heat exchanger 408 .
  • first pressure of 4.0 to 5.8 bar (plus pressure drops) from a first main air compressor 404 via a filter 403, cooled in a first direct contact cooler 405 with evaporative cooler 406 and then in a cleaning device 407, which consists of a pair of reversible molecular sieve adsorber, cleaned at about the first pressure and then fed via line 100 to the warm end of the main heat exchanger 408 .
  • atmospheric air (AIR) 501 is brought down to a "second pressure" of 2.0 to 4.0 bar (plus pressure drops) from a second main air compressor 504 via a filter 503, cooled in a second direct contact cooler 505 with evaporative cooler 506 and then in a second cleaning device 507, which also consists of a pair of switchable molecular sieve adsorber, cleaned at about the second pressure and then fed via line 200 to the hot end of a main heat exchanger 508.
  • the first distillation column system 109 could be designed analogously to the second distillation column system 209 in the form of columns arranged next to one another.
  • the first main capacitor 113 could be realized as a falling-film evaporator instead of a bath evaporator.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP14000396.3A 2013-02-19 2014-02-04 Procédé de production d'oxygène gazeux par décomposition à basse température de l'air Withdrawn EP2767787A1 (fr)

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Cited By (3)

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WO2015071578A3 (fr) * 2013-11-14 2015-12-03 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et appareil de séparation d'air par distillation cryogénique
CN111406191A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2020-07-10 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 具有反向主热交换器的单封装空气分离设备
FR3116586A1 (fr) * 2020-11-26 2022-05-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et appareil de vaporisation de liquide de purge d’un vaporiseur de liquide cryogénique

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JP7458226B2 (ja) * 2020-03-31 2024-03-29 大陽日酸株式会社 空気分離装置及び酸素ガス製造方法

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EP2489968A1 (fr) 2011-02-17 2012-08-22 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif destinés à la décomposition à basse température d'air

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US5979182A (en) * 1997-03-13 1999-11-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Method of and apparatus for air separation
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EP2489968A1 (fr) 2011-02-17 2012-08-22 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif destinés à la décomposition à basse température d'air

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015071578A3 (fr) * 2013-11-14 2015-12-03 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et appareil de séparation d'air par distillation cryogénique
US10605523B2 (en) 2013-11-14 2020-03-31 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process and apparatus for separating air by cryogenic distillation
CN111406191A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2020-07-10 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 具有反向主热交换器的单封装空气分离设备
CN111406191B (zh) * 2017-12-25 2021-12-21 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 具有反向主热交换器的单封装空气分离设备
US11709018B2 (en) 2017-12-25 2023-07-25 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'expoitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Single packaged air separation apparatus with reverse main heat exchanger
FR3116586A1 (fr) * 2020-11-26 2022-05-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et appareil de vaporisation de liquide de purge d’un vaporiseur de liquide cryogénique
EP4006469A1 (fr) * 2020-11-26 2022-06-01 Air Liquide Societe Anonyme pour l'Etude et L'Exploitation des procedes Georges Claude Procédé et appareil de vaporisation de liquide de purge d'un vaporiseur de liquide cryogénique

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