EP2761086A1 - Cigarette paper comprising a lamellar filler - Google Patents
Cigarette paper comprising a lamellar fillerInfo
- Publication number
- EP2761086A1 EP2761086A1 EP13724247.5A EP13724247A EP2761086A1 EP 2761086 A1 EP2761086 A1 EP 2761086A1 EP 13724247 A EP13724247 A EP 13724247A EP 2761086 A1 EP2761086 A1 EP 2761086A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cigarette paper
- cigarette
- weight
- paper according
- paper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 35
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088417 precipitated calcium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002110 toxicologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H5/00—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for
- D21H5/12—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials
- D21H5/14—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials of cellulose fibres only
- D21H5/16—Tobacco or cigarette paper
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
- A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
- A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
- A24D1/025—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers the covers having material applied to defined areas, e.g. bands for reducing the ignition propensity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
- A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
- A24D1/027—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers with ventilating means, e.g. perforations
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H15/00—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution
- D21H15/02—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution characterised by configuration
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/675—Oxides, hydroxides or carbonates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/50—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by form
- D21H21/52—Additives of definite length or shape
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cigarette paper containing pulp fibers and filler particles.
- the term "contain” does not exclude that the cigarette paper contains further constituents, in particular a cigarette paper which makes it possible to reduce the amount of carbon monoxide in the cigarette smoke and an associated cigarette.
- the substances in the cigarette smoke are determined by a method in which the cigarettes are smoked to standardized specifications. Such a method is described for example in ISO 4387.
- the cigarette is first at the beginning of the The first train was lit and then every minute, a train at the mouth end of the cigarette with a duration of 2 seconds and a volume of 35 cm 3 with a sinusoidal Glasprofil performed on the cigarette. The moves are repeated until the cigarette falls below a certain, given in the standard length.
- the smoke flowing from the mouth end of the cigarette during traction is collected in a Cambridge filter ped and this filter is thereafter chemically analyzed for its content of various substances, for example nicotine.
- the gas phase flowing from the mouth end of the cigarette during the trains through the Cambridge Filter Päd is collected and also chemically analyzed, for example to determine the content of carbon monoxide in the cigarette smoke.
- the cigarette is therefore in two fluidically different states.
- there is a significant pressure difference typically in the range of 200 Pa to 1000 Pa, between the tobacco facing inside and the outside of the cigarette paper.
- air flows through the cigarette paper in the tobacco part of the cigarette and dilutes the resulting smoke during the move.
- the extent of dilution of the cigarette smoke is determined by the air permeability of the paper.
- the air permeability is determined according to ISO 2965 and indicates which air volume per unit time, per unit area and per pressure difference flows through the cigarette paper and therefore has the unit cm 3 / (min cm 2 kPa).
- CU CORESTA unit
- the air permeability of cigarette papers is in the range of 0 CU to 200 CU, with the range of 20 CU to 120 CU being generally preferred.
- the cigarette will glow without any appreciable pressure difference between the interior of the tobacco part of the cigarette and the environment, so that the gas transport is determined by the gas concentration difference between the tobacco part and the environment.
- carbon monoxide can also diffuse through the cigarette paper from the tobacco part into the ambient air.
- the diffusion capacity is the relevant parameter for the reduction of carbon monoxide.
- the diffusion capacity is a transfer coefficient and describes the permeability of the cigarette paper to a gas flow caused by a concentration difference.
- the diffusion capacity of a cigarette paper for C0 2 can be determined, for example, with the CO 2 Diffusivity Meter from Sodim and is closely related to the diffusion capacity of a cigarette paper for CO.
- the diffusion capacity should have an independent, important importance for the carbon monoxide content in the cigarette smoke and that the values of carbon monoxide in the cigarette smoke should be reduced by increasing the diffusion capacity.
- This is particularly important in view of the self-extinguishing cigarettes known from the prior art, in which comparatively high levels of carbon monoxide are observed.
- fire retardant streaks are applied to the cigarette paper for self extinguishment in a standardized test (ISO 12863). This or a similar test, for example, is part of legal regulations in the US, Canada, Australia and the European Union.
- the increased levels of carbon monoxide are due to the fact that the carbon monoxide can diffuse from the cigarette only to a very small extent by the fire-retardant strip. It would therefore be of great advantage to have cigarette papers available that compensate for this undesirable side effect.
- the cigarette paper contains pulp fibers and filler particles, wherein at least a part of the filler particles has a platelet-shaped form.
- the inventors have found that the diffusion capacity of the cigarette paper - while maintaining the air permeability - can be substantially increased if at least a portion of the filler particles has a platelet-like shape. Particularly high diffusion capacities can be achieved if the entire filler is formed from platelet-shaped particles. Nevertheless, one can occasionally use a smaller proportion of platelet-shaped filler for cost reasons.
- the filler particles should have a platelet-like shape.
- Such different proportions of platelet-shaped and non-platelet-shaped particles can be achieved, for example, by adding different filler types in mixture to the paper.
- the platelet-shaped filler particles have a length 1, a width b and a thickness d which correspond to the respective maximum dimensions in three mutually orthogonal spatial directions, both the length 1 and the width b being at least twice as large, preferably at least four times are as big as the thickness d.
- the length 1 and the width b will usually be different from each other, but should differ by a factor of less than 5, preferably less than 3 and more preferably less than 2.
- the length 1, the width b and the thickness d could correspond, for example, to the edge lengths of the cuboid, i. H. it is by no means necessary for the length 1 to correspond to the longest dimension of the particle, which in the case of an idealized cuboid would correspond to the spatial diagonal. In general, however, the length 1 will be greater than or equal to the width b, and in turn will differ by a factor of 2.5 or less from the longest spatial direction of the particle.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a platelet-shaped filler particle in which the length 1, width b and thickness d are shown.
- the diffusion capacity D * in conventional papers is, to a good approximation, proportional to the root of the air permeability Z in CU, that is to say D * ⁇ Z ⁇ l / 2
- Diffusion capacity D * for C0 2 using the relationship D * ⁇ Z l ' 1/2 " ) to an expected Normalize the diffusion capacity at 50 CU by multiplying it by a factor of 50 / [x, ie D 5 * Q D * 5 ⁇ / Vx.
- C0 2 of a cigarette paper with an air permeability of x CU therefore: D * ⁇ 5 ⁇ / Vx> 1.80 cm / s, preferably> 1.85 cm s.
- the geometry that is to say the platelet shape, is significantly more decisive than the mean particle size, ie the desired effect is achieved within certain limits independently of the average particle size.
- the mass-median value d 5 o of the particle size distribution measured according to ISO 13317-3 is between 0.2 ⁇ m and 4.0 ⁇ m, preferably between 0.5 ⁇ m and 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the filler material is initially not further limited as long as the filler is permitted for cigarette paper for toxicological or legal reasons.
- the filler contains platelet-shaped calcium carbonate, which is completely safe in terms of health and legal considerations.
- platelet-shaped calcium carbonate it is not necessary for the filler to be completely formed by platelet-shaped calcium carbonate, but calcium carbonates without platelet-shaped geometry or completely different fillers may also be added.
- the calcium carbonate is a calcite, a vaterite, or a mixture thereof, which are preferred over aragonite or other modifications of the calcium carbonate.
- the mixture consists of 50 wt% to 70 wt% calcite and 30 wt% to 50 wt% vaterite.
- the filler according to the invention can be added to the paper in the usual way, as is known to the person skilled in the art in papermaking. Also, in the production of the paper requires no additional, special measures after the addition of the filler according to the invention.
- the total filler content of the paper between 10 wt .-% and 45 wt .-%, particularly preferably between 20 wt .-% and 40 wt .-%.
- the cigarette paper preferably has a basis weight of from 10 g / m 2 to 60 g / m 2 , particularly preferably from 20 g / m 2 to 35 g / m 2 .
- the paper is treated in areas with fire retardant materials that are capable of imparting self extinguishing properties to a cigarette made from the paper.
- fire retardant areas hinder the diffusion of CO out of the cigarette between two consecutive trains. This is the reason why such self-extinguishing cigarettes are typically observed to have elevated CO levels. This is a significant problem because increased fire safety should not be at the expense of the harmfulness of cigarette smoke.
- the typical increase in the CO content in cigarette smoke due to the fire-retardant regions can be at least partially compensated by the increased diffusion capacity of the paper in the untreated sections. Therefore, the invention in connection with such treated paper unfolds a special technical effect.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a platelet-shaped filler particle, in which the length 1, the width b and the thickness d are drawn.
- Example 1 a non-inventive cigarette paper consisting of wood pulp fibers and 25.5 wt .-% of a conventional, non-platelet, precipitated calcium carbonate, which served as a comparative example.
- the cigarette paper had a basis weight of 28.2 g / m 2 and an air permeability of 46.9 CU.
- Another identical cigarette paper was prepared, but in which instead of the conventional calcium carbonate, a calcium carbonate with platelet-shaped particles was used. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that this is a mixture of about 60% by weight of calcite and about 40% by weight of vaterite. The average particle diameter was about 1.1 ⁇ . A process for producing such platelet-shaped calcium carbonate is described in EP 1 151 966 B1.
- a non-inventive cigarette paper consisting of pulp fibers from 30.2 wt .-% of a conventional non-platelet precipitated calcium carbonate was prepared as a comparative example.
- This cigarette paper was modified by using again a mixture of calcite and vaterite having a platelet-like structure instead of the conventional calcium carbonate.
- the modified cigarette paper had a filler content of 31.0% by weight, a basis weight of 29.1 g / m 2 and an air permeability of 59.5 CU.
- the diffusion capacity was 2.17 cm / s.
- an increase of the diffusion capacity from 1.84 cm s to 2.17 cm / s, ie by 17.9% could be achieved.
- Such a high diffusion capacity, as achieved by the paper according to the invention according to Example 2 would be expected in conventional cigarette papers only at an air permeability of about 85 CU.
- the normalized to an air permeability of 50 CU diffusion capacity D * 0 is 2.17 cm / s ⁇ 1.99 cm / s, is therefore similar to Example 1.
- the cigarette papers according to the invention allow a considerably improved diffusion of carbon monoxide from the tobacco rod of a cigarette made with this paper, without having to change the air permeability of the cigarette paper.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL13724247T PL2761086T3 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2013-05-17 | Cigarette paper comprising a lamellar filler |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012104773A DE102012104773A1 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2012-06-01 | Cigarette paper with platelet-shaped filler |
PCT/EP2013/060295 WO2013178492A1 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2013-05-17 | Cigarette paper comprising a lamellar filler |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2761086A1 true EP2761086A1 (en) | 2014-08-06 |
EP2761086B1 EP2761086B1 (en) | 2015-01-28 |
Family
ID=48470968
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13724247.5A Active EP2761086B1 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2013-05-17 | Cigarette paper comprising a lamellar filler |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9775378B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2761086B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102070475B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104350204B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112014029802B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012104773A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2535296T3 (en) |
MY (1) | MY167909A (en) |
PH (1) | PH12014502651B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2761086T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2636555C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013178492A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013109386B3 (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-01-15 | Delfortgroup Ag | Efficiently produced cigarette paper for self-extinguishing cigarettes, process for its preparation and a cigarette |
DE102013114012B3 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-12-11 | Delfortgroup Ag | Wrapping material for smoking articles with directional diffusion capacity |
DE102015105882B4 (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2017-06-08 | Delfortgroup Ag | Wrapping paper with high short fiber content and smoking article |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2233064A1 (en) * | 1972-07-06 | 1974-01-24 | Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg | CUTTING DEVICE OF A STRANDING MACHINE IN THE TOBACCO PROCESSING INDUSTRY |
JPS6086067A (en) * | 1983-10-18 | 1985-05-15 | 奥多摩工業株式会社 | Manufacture of plate-like calcium hydroxide |
US5253660A (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1993-10-19 | P. H. Glatfelter Company | Reduced sidestream smoke smoking article wrappers, methods of making such wrappers and smoking articles made from such wrappers |
US5888348A (en) * | 1996-11-14 | 1999-03-30 | Schweitzer-Mauduit International, Inc. | Method for controlling the permeability of a paper |
US6823872B2 (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 2004-11-30 | Schweitzer-Mauduit International, Inc. | Smoking article with reduced carbon monoxide delivery |
GB9712815D0 (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 1997-08-20 | British American Tobacco Co | Smoking article and smoking material therefor |
PT1270812E (en) * | 1999-12-27 | 2008-01-11 | Japan Tobacco Inc | Wrapping paper for cigarette reduced in scattering property of ash therefrom |
ATE270250T1 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2004-07-15 | Schaefer Kalk | STABLE PLATE-SHAPED CALCITIC CALCIUM CARBONATE, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND ITS USE |
GB0010736D0 (en) * | 2000-05-04 | 2000-06-28 | Cardinal Shopfitting & Systems | Post and socket assembly |
CN1292685C (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2007-01-03 | 旋韦策-莫杜伊特国际公司 | Process for producing smoking articles with reduced proclivity characteristics and products made therefrom |
US6929013B2 (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2005-08-16 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Wrapping materials for smoking articles |
RU2246445C2 (en) * | 2002-06-05 | 2005-02-20 | Пойлов Владимир Зотович | Method of producing coarse chemically precipitated calcium carbonate with plate shape of particles |
US7077145B2 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2006-07-18 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Equipment and methods for manufacturing cigarettes |
US7128887B2 (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2006-10-31 | Specialty Minerals (Michigan) Inc. | Platy precipitated calcium carbonate synthesis method |
US7135157B2 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2006-11-14 | Specialty Minerals (Michigan) Inc. | Process for the production of platy precipitated calcium carbonates |
DE10351292A1 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2006-02-02 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Method for loading a pulp suspension and arrangement for carrying out the method |
DE102004050960B4 (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2008-07-24 | Glatz Feinpapiere Julius Glatz Gmbh | Smoking article wrapping material with improved carbon monoxide reduction properties |
KR20080072967A (en) | 2005-01-06 | 2008-08-07 | 니뽄 다바코 산교 가부시키가이샤 | Carbonaceous heat source composition for non-combustion smoking article |
CN101508454A (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2009-08-19 | 山东大学 | Quasi-hexagonal sheet calcium carbonate metastable-state crystal particle and method of preparing the same |
DK2322581T3 (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2015-12-07 | Omya Int Ag | A process for the preparation of hydromagnesite |
DE102010032814B4 (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2013-12-05 | Delfortgroup Ag | Cigarette paper with high diffusion capacity during thermal decomposition, cigarette, process for producing a cigarette paper and use of a water-soluble salt |
CN102094354B (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2014-06-11 | 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for modifying ash after cigarette burning |
-
2012
- 2012-06-01 DE DE102012104773A patent/DE102012104773A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-05-17 WO PCT/EP2013/060295 patent/WO2013178492A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-05-17 MY MYPI2014003228A patent/MY167909A/en unknown
- 2013-05-17 EP EP13724247.5A patent/EP2761086B1/en active Active
- 2013-05-17 PL PL13724247T patent/PL2761086T3/en unknown
- 2013-05-17 ES ES13724247.5T patent/ES2535296T3/en active Active
- 2013-05-17 BR BR112014029802-5A patent/BR112014029802B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-05-17 KR KR1020147033241A patent/KR102070475B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-05-17 RU RU2014148327A patent/RU2636555C2/en active
- 2013-05-17 CN CN201380028566.9A patent/CN104350204B/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-11-25 US US14/552,714 patent/US9775378B2/en active Active
- 2014-11-27 PH PH12014502651A patent/PH12014502651B1/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2013178492A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9775378B2 (en) | 2017-10-03 |
DE102012104773A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
CN104350204A (en) | 2015-02-11 |
EP2761086B1 (en) | 2015-01-28 |
PH12014502651A1 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
BR112014029802B1 (en) | 2021-05-25 |
BR112014029802A2 (en) | 2019-10-01 |
MY167909A (en) | 2018-09-26 |
ES2535296T3 (en) | 2015-05-08 |
PL2761086T3 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
RU2636555C2 (en) | 2017-11-23 |
WO2013178492A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
US20150090284A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
KR20150024318A (en) | 2015-03-06 |
CN104350204B (en) | 2017-03-08 |
PH12014502651B1 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
RU2014148327A (en) | 2016-07-27 |
KR102070475B1 (en) | 2020-01-29 |
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