EP2758636A1 - Système de conversion d'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique - Google Patents

Système de conversion d'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique

Info

Publication number
EP2758636A1
EP2758636A1 EP12761878.3A EP12761878A EP2758636A1 EP 2758636 A1 EP2758636 A1 EP 2758636A1 EP 12761878 A EP12761878 A EP 12761878A EP 2758636 A1 EP2758636 A1 EP 2758636A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric machine
control circuit
arrangement according
phase conductor
energy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12761878.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Franz Boeni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mathys Reinhold
Original Assignee
Mathys Reinhold
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mathys Reinhold filed Critical Mathys Reinhold
Priority to EP12761878.3A priority Critical patent/EP2758636A1/fr
Publication of EP2758636A1 publication Critical patent/EP2758636A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1469—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field
    • H02J7/1492—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/006—Means for protecting the generator by using control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the known arrangements comprise an electric machine and a control circuit, by means of which the
  • Electric machine can be controlled as a generator.
  • JP 2009-268180 A is an X configuration of capacitors
  • Inductors for up-conversion in a hybrid vehicle describes, as well as from US 2006/0071477 AI, which a fuel cell with a motor and generator
  • the control circuit for controlling the electric machine is set up as a motor, the rotor can be driven at standstill and electrical energy thus obtained even at lower fluid velocities.
  • the electric machine forms part of the boost converter, which allows a single stage
  • the erfingungshiele arrangement is u. a. can be used to effectively use even smaller fluid velocities, which can make a significant contribution, especially in wind power, for power generation.
  • Fig. 1 shows an inventive arrangement with a
  • Electric machine and a control circuit and Fig. 2 represent a variant of an inventive arrangement.
  • the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 comprises a
  • Electric machine 10 is with one or more
  • Permanent magnets and provided with one or more coils.
  • the present example the
  • Electric machine 10 three phase conductors 11-13 (hereinafter referred to simply as "phases") with three coils, which are connected to each other in a star or delta connection.
  • the electric machine 10 is connected to a mechanical
  • the drivable shaft coupled and serves to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy and thus to Power generation.
  • the wave is z. B. connected to the rotor blades of a wind turbine or coupled to a water turbine. Subsequently, the velocity of the fluid which drives the shaft is denoted by v.
  • an accumulator 1 is provided, in which the electrical energy generated by the electric machine 10 is stored.
  • the control circuit 20 comprises a circuit having a first line 21 and a second line 22 and interposed pairs of switches, Tl and T4, T2 and T5 and T3 and T6. In the present example, this results in three half-bridges.
  • Tl and T4 switches, Tl and T4, T2 and T5 and T3 and T6. In the present example, this results in three half-bridges.
  • Control circuit 20 a microprocessor 30 as a central processing unit (“CPU”), to which the following circuits are coupled:
  • shunt circuit 32 with at least one "shunt resistor and an amplifier
  • the respective switch Tj is preferably formed as a transistor, for example as a field effect transistor (FET).
  • FET field effect transistor
  • the respective switch Tj is formed as an N-channel MOSFET and has three terminals: a drain terminal Dj, a source terminal Sj and a gate terminal Gj. Also conceivable are others
  • the first line 21 is connected to the drain terminals Dl, D2 and D3 of the switch T1-T3 and the one pole of the
  • the second line 22 is connected to the source terminals S, S5 and S6 of the switches T4-T6 and to the input of the shunt circuit 32.
  • the output of the shunt circuit 32 is set to ground.
  • Transistors T1-T6 connected to the driver circuit 31, which is designed here as a MOSFET gate driver. Between the transistors leading to the same half-bridge
  • Each node Kl is connected to the source terminal Sl, the drain terminal D4 and the first phase 11 of the electric machine 10. Accordingly, the nodes K2 with S2, D5 and the second phase 12 of the
  • the phases 11-13 are further connected to the filter circuit 33. This serves to from the voltage which is applied to a phase 11, 12, 13, the voltage part
  • This induced voltage is referred to as a mutual induction voltage and is indicated in FIG. 1 by U1, U2 and U3, respectively.
  • the voltages Ul, U2 and U3 of the CPU 30 are supplied. From Ul, U2, U3, the CPU determines 30 u. a. the position of the rotor of the electric machine 10 and thus the speed. This makes it possible to drive the driver circuit 31 so that the transistors T1-T6 are switched appropriately.
  • Wind speed can be determined within certain limits.
  • Electric machine 10 is operable both as a generator and as a motor. As electric machine 10 z. Legs
  • the windings of the coils are arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation and there is a radial and axial course of the magnetic flux.
  • the windings form particularly effective inductances for
  • control circuit 20 of Fig. 1 will be explained with reference to wind as a fluid.
  • the operating state of the control circuit 20 is dependent on the speed v.
  • the recoverable energy is greater than the self-consumption of
  • the control circuit 20 is in the engine operation, so that the electric machine 10 acts as a motor.
  • the induction voltage of the electric machine 10 operating as a generator is lower than the voltage of the accumulator 1.
  • the control circuit 20 operates as a DC / DC converter acting as an up-converter.
  • the operating point is set so that the
  • the driver circuit 31 To drive the rotor blades, the driver circuit 31 is operated so that via the switch T1-T6 energy from
  • Accumulator 1 passed to the electric machine 10 and the rotor is set in motion.
  • the electric machine 10 is thus controlled via an electronic commutation, as used in brushless electric motors.
  • To determine the commutation time the respective position of the rotor is determined. This happens z. B. sensorless, by the SchmidtindukionsSpannitch Ul, U2, U3 detected and
  • Electric machine 10 to provide a sensor device by means of which the rotor position can be detected.
  • control circuit 20 has an algorithm as a program, which determines on the basis of one or more of the above-mentioned detected parameters optimal or optimal load of the working as a generator electric machine 10, so that the energy flow into the accumulator 1 is optimal or at least improved.
  • algorithm is z. B. a model with free
  • control circuit 20 Use of the control circuit 20 are determined by means of measurements.
  • the generator operation has an upstream and a
  • control circuit 20 detects the above-mentioned parameters Ua, Ui, Ia and / or w and initiates the outflow when the short-circuit current in the electric machine 10 flows in the calculated range.
  • the control circuit 20 detects the above-mentioned parameters Ua, Ui, Ia and / or w and initiates the outflow when the short-circuit current in the electric machine 10 flows in the calculated range.
  • the inflow and outflow is as follows:
  • the switches T4, T5, T6 When flowing, the switches T4, T5, T6 are closed, d. H. in transistors, that they are put into a conducting state.
  • the electric machine 10 is short-circuited and there is a current flow through the phases 11-13.
  • This short circuit current is typically alternating, e.g. B. sinusoidal.
  • T4 When flowing out, T4, T5, T6 are opened, i. H. at
  • Transistors that put them in the blocking state become. Due to the inductance resulting from the coils of the electric machine 10, the current generated in the upflow state continues to flow. The voltages at the phases 11-13 increase and finally exceed the voltage at the accumulator 1. There is a current flow through the diode of at least one of the switches T1-T3. This current flows via the accumulator 1 and via the shunt circuit 32 and the diodes of the switches T4, T5, T6 back to
  • the CPU 30 measures by means of the shunt resistor of the circuit 32, the charging current and the voltage of the accumulator 1 and can thus the state of charge of the
  • the inductance of the electric machine 10 is used as an energy storage to produce an output voltage that is higher than the induction voltage
  • control circuit does not require any additional charging inductance for the up-conversion and is therefore simplified in design.
  • the half-bridges with the switches T1-T6 act as rectifiers.
  • the inner diodes of transistors T1-T6 become
  • the power loss can be reduced by using the detected levels of the mutual induction voltages Ul, U2, U3 and / or current measurements in the phases of the generator 10 Transistors T1-T6 are switched so that the built-in diodes are bridged.
  • Fig. 2 shows a variant of an inventive
  • the arrangement has a DC-DC converter for powering the control circuit 20, the arrangement has a DC-DC converter for powering the control circuit 20, the arrangement has a DC-DC converter for powering the control circuit 20, the arrangement has a DC-DC converter for powering the control circuit 20, the arrangement has a DC-DC converter for powering the control circuit 20, the arrangement has a DC-DC converter for powering the control circuit 20, the arrangement has a DC-DC converter for powering the control circuit 20, the arrangement has a
  • Timer unit 36 which outside the
  • Control circuit 20 is arranged and used to switch a relay 37.
  • a further line is connected, which is provided with a diode 38 and which leads to a pole of the accumulator 1.
  • On the other line are parallel to the diode 38, the
  • Timer unit 36 and connected via the relay 37 switch 39 is connected.
  • the timer unit detects such a condition and triggers a period of time after which the electric machine 10 is set in motion again as an engine.
  • Accumulator 1 can be determined.
  • the device in the case of an electric machine 10 with three phases, the device can be configured such that the respective current can be measured in two phases by means of it. (The current in the third phase results from the other two
  • Such current measurement also allows the above-mentioned active bridging of the diodes of T1-T6 to be provided without causing malfunction.
  • a shunt resistor can be provided in the line leading to the positive terminal of the rechargeable battery 1 in order to measure the current in this line. This makes it possible to protect the circuit 20 from a short circuit since, as a rule, short circuits with respect to the negative pole (eg.
  • control circuit is supplemented on the output side with an inverter, which converts the DC voltage into an AC voltage.
  • a separate energy source can also be provided, by means of which the electric machine can be supplied with energy during engine operation and / or the control circuit.
  • the number of coils and the number of phase conductors of the electric machine may be one, two or more.
  • the number of half bridges is adjusted accordingly so that the electric machine can be operated as a generator and as a motor. Does the electric machine z. B. a phase conductor with a coil, so two half-bridges are used with a total of four switches. Two phase conductors with two coils use 4 half bridges with a total of 8 switches.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de conversion d'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique pouvant être transmise à une charge, en particulier à un accumulateur (1) ou à un réseau électrique, qui comporte : une machine électrique (10) comportant au moins un aimant permanent et au moins un conducteur de phase (11-13) pourvu d'au moins une bobine, et un circuit de commande (20) servant à commander la machine électrique (10) en tant que générateur. Le circuit de commande est conçu pour court-circuiter et libérer en alternance ledit conducteur de phase (11-13), de telle sorte que la bobine forme une partie d'un convertisseur élévateur de tension. En outre le circuit de commande (20) est conçu pour commander la machine électrique (10) en tant que moteur, afin d'entraîner le rotor de la machine électrique lorsqu'il est à l'arrêt.
EP12761878.3A 2011-09-21 2012-09-14 Système de conversion d'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique Withdrawn EP2758636A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12761878.3A EP2758636A1 (fr) 2011-09-21 2012-09-14 Système de conversion d'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11182242 2011-09-21
PCT/CH2012/000216 WO2013040720A1 (fr) 2011-09-21 2012-09-14 Système de conversion d'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique
EP12761878.3A EP2758636A1 (fr) 2011-09-21 2012-09-14 Système de conversion d'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2758636A1 true EP2758636A1 (fr) 2014-07-30

Family

ID=46888276

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12761878.3A Withdrawn EP2758636A1 (fr) 2011-09-21 2012-09-14 Système de conversion d'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2758636A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013040720A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2651028B1 (fr) 2012-04-13 2019-03-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Estimation de pulsations de couple

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4222952C2 (de) * 1992-07-13 1997-10-23 Jungheinrich Ag Gleichstromfahrantrieb für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere Flurförderzeuge
JPH08237998A (ja) * 1995-02-23 1996-09-13 Isuzu Ceramics Kenkyusho:Kk 交流発電機の電圧制御装置
US6703718B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2004-03-09 David Gregory Calley Wind turbine controller
US20040085046A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-06 General Electric Company Power conditioning system for turbine motor/generator
KR101070906B1 (ko) 2004-10-01 2011-10-06 설승기 분산 발전 시스템 및 그 제어 방법
JP5125458B2 (ja) * 2007-12-03 2013-01-23 株式会社デンソー 電力変換回路の制御装置、及び電力変換システム
JP2009268180A (ja) 2008-04-22 2009-11-12 Denso Corp 電力変換回路の制御装置、及び電力変換制御システム
JP5469969B2 (ja) 2009-09-16 2014-04-16 ゼファー株式会社 風力発電装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2013040720A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013040720A1 (fr) 2013-03-28

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