EP2756168A1

EP2756168A1 - Tubbing having a thermoplastic barrier layer

Info

Publication number: EP2756168A1
Application number: EP12756491.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ulrich K. Weber; Klaus Meyer
Original assignee: Sika Technology AG
Current assignee: Sika Technology AG
Priority date: 2011-09-12
Filing date: 2012-09-11
Publication date: 2014-07-23
Also published as: BR112014003991A2; IN2014MN00189A; WO2013037766A1; RU2013155987A; EP2568113A1; JP2014529020A; US20140193204A1; CN103717836A

Abstract

For a tubbing made of concrete for lining a tunnel, in particular a traffic tunnel, the tubbing has a convexly curved outer surface and a concavely curved inner surface opposite the outer surface and the tubbing is provided with a thermoplastic barrier layer on the outer surface of the tubbing. The thermoplastic barrier layer is also arranged on all sides of the outside surfaces facing the outer surface. The tubbing preferably has a recess that extends around the outer surface in a frame shape, and the barrier layer engages in the recess.

Description

TÜBBING WITH THERMOPLASTIC SCOOTING

Technical area

The present invention relates to a tubbing made of concrete for

Covering a tunnel, in particular a traffic tunnel.

State of the art

Although applicable to any field of construction, the present invention and the problems underlying it are explained in more detail below with reference to a traffic tunnel.

In mechanical tunneling with the technology of shield tunneling, steel-reinforced precast concrete elements are often used for the inner shell. These termed in technical jargon as tubbing precast concrete are in

Prefabricated concrete plants prefabricated until the required

Concrete strength stored and then spent as needed in the tunnel tube for installation. There they are protected by the shield of the

Tunnel boring machine picked up by a Tübbingversetzeinrichtung, the so-called "Erector" and assembled into a tubbing ring. After the tunnel boring machine has been propelled by hydraulic presses against the recently installed segments, a new tubbing ring is installed in the shield's protection. In this way, the machine "tubbing around tubbing ring" works through the ground, the remaining between tunnel (tubbing ring) and bottom annular gap is continuously filled with mortar to z. B. Prevent subsidence.

Not only classic traffic tunnels, but also, in the presence of special geological conditions, so-called supply or disposal tunnels for households, commerce or industry, especially in form

large diameter pipelines for the central transport of sewage or fresh water or as a cable tunnel for receiving

High voltage power lines are, after vorilderter

Segment construction manufactured in segmental lining method. In all of these Fields of application, however, whether to maintain a perfect hygienic drinking water quality, or to avoid malfunction by penetrating to the electrical lines earth moisture increased

Requirements placed on the tightness and durability of the tubbing lining of the tunnel.

For this reason, a separate second operation for the final sealing of the outer tunnel facing the concave-curved outer surfaces of the tubbing was usually required during tunneling and / or the establishment of an additional second tubbing ring.

Presentation of the invention

Object of the present invention is therefore Tuebings

to improve the tightness against moisture, which is located on the outside of the tubbing ring, and the durability, especially against corrosive groundwater.

According to the invention, this is due to the features of the first

Claim achieved. The core of the invention is therefore a tubbing made of concrete for covering a tunnel, in particular a traffic tunnel, wherein the tubbing has a convex-curved outer surface and the outer surface opposite concave-curved inner surface and wherein the tubbing is provided on its outer surface with a thermoplastic Schott layer. The thermoplastic Schott layer is further on all the outer surface

facing sides of the outer side surfaces arranged.

The tubbing has a ring segment-shaped structure with a concavely curved inner surface, which is directed to the tunnel interior in the installed state, and an opposite, convexly curved outer surface, which is directed to the surrounding soil in the installed state. These two surfaces are connected laterally via four further surfaces, two longitudinal side surfaces, which in the installed state to the corresponding Longitudinal side surfaces of the adjacent tubbing bear the same tubbing ring, and two end faces, which in the installed state to the

abut corresponding end faces of the adjacent tubbing of an adjacent tubbing ring.

The tubbing preferably has an outer surface of the frame-shaped circumferential recess and the Schott layer engages in the recess. Preferably, the Schott layer fills the recess at least partially, in particular completely.

This is advantageous in that at the joints between two segments the contact area of the contacting thermoplastic Schott layers is increased and thereby a higher sealing effect is achieved.

By virtue of the tubbing according to the invention, no separate second operation is required for the final sealing of the concave-curved outer surfaces of the tubbings facing the exterior of the tunnel. Also eliminates a possible second tubbing ring. Furthermore, tubbings with smaller wall thicknesses can be used / manufactured, as they are far superior to conventional tubbings in terms of waterproofness and resistance to corrosive groundwater. Both lead to one

Reduction of the space requirement of the tunnel wall and thereby to a

Interior gain and a reduction of the required building material. Furthermore, the tubbing according to the invention permits the use of alternative, less watertight and less corrosion-resistant types of concrete. Furthermore, segmental rings made from segments according to the invention have excellent rear-run safety and tightness. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Further aspects of the invention are the subject of further independent claims. Short description of the drawing

Inn Next, embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a lateral cross section through a tubbing. FIG. 2 shows a further lateral cross section through a tubbing.

FIG. 3 shows parts of a further lateral cross section through a tubbing with an injection opening.

FIG. 4 shows parts of a lateral cross section through two

Tubbing which are connected on the shock side.

FIG. 5 shows a side view of a tubbing without the thermoplastic Schott layer.

Only the elements essential for the immediate understanding of the invention are shown.

Way to carry out the invention

In the figure 1 is a lateral cross section through a

according to the invention shown tubbing.

The tubbing 1 is provided on its convex-curved outer surface 2 with a thermoplastic Schott layer 4. The thermoplastic Schott layer is further arranged on all of the outer surface facing sides of the outer side surfaces (longitudinal side surfaces 7 and end faces 8), in Figure 1, the two longitudinal side surfaces 7 are shown. As a result, inter alia, an excellent composite of the thermoplastic Schott layer 4 with the tubbing and a high rear safety are guaranteed. Furthermore, by increasing the contact area of the contacting thermoplastic Schott layers, as opposed to, for example, a Schott layer which has an arrangement on all of the outer surface

facing sides of the outer side surfaces is missing, reached at joints between two tubbing a higher sealing effect. Preferably, the thermoplastic Schott layer 4 is fully bonded to the outer surface 2, in particular glued, resulting in a

Improvement of the rear safety leads.

In order to be as suitable as a thermoplastic Schott layer 4, it should be as waterproof as possible and even under prolonged influence of water or moisture, do not decompose or be mechanically damaged. In particular, such materials are suitable as the thermoplastic Schott layer, as they are already used in the prior art for sealing purposes in building construction and civil engineering.

It is advantageous if the thermoplastic Schott layer is made of a material having a softening point of more than 110 ° C, preferably between 140 ° C and 170 ° C. The thermoplastic Schott layer should advantageously have an at least low degree of elasticity, for example, caused by differences in temperature caused by expansion differences between the thermoplastic Schott layer and tubbing

To be able to bridge stresses without the thermoplastic

Schott layer is damaged or ruptures and the sealing function of

Schott layer is impaired.

Preferably, the thermoplastic Schott layer contains

thermoplastic polyolefins and / or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

More preferably, the thermoplastic bulkhead comprises material selected from the group consisting of high density polyethylene (HDPE), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP),

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamides (PA), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), chlorosulfonated polyethylene and thermoplastic polyolefins (TPO).

Preferably, the thermoplastic Schott layer consists of more than 50 wt .-%, particularly preferably more than 80 wt .-%, of the aforementioned materials. The thermoplastic Schott layer advantageously has a layer thickness in the millimeter range, typically between 0.2 and 15 mm, preferably between 1 and 2 mm.

Preferably, the thermoplastic Schott layer 4 on the convex-curved outer surface 2 side facing a

Surface treatment on. Through surface treatments such as

For example, corona treatment, fluorination and flame treatment of the thermoplastic Schott layer, the adhesion of the thermoplastic Schott layer can be improved on the tubbing. Instead of a

Surface treatment can be applied to the same place also a fleece, which serves to improve the adhesion.

The thermoplastic Schott layer 4 preferably has a water-swellable profile 6, which is arranged on the side facing away from the outer side surfaces (7, 8), as can be seen in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG.

The water-swellable profile 6 contains water-swellable materials. The term "water-swellable materials" in the present document means materials which on contact with water increase their volume to a multiple, typically between 200 and 1000% of the original volume In addition to increasing the volume, certain water-swellable materials can also react chemically with water of such water-swellable materials are polyurethane-based bulking agents, in particular silane-modified polymers obtained by

Moisture to a resilient product. Another example of such swelling agents are bentonite-butyl rubbers or the acrylic acid-based polymers grouped under the name "superabsorbent" (Superabsorbent Polymers, SAP), typically copolymers of acrylic acid and sodium acrylate, for example from BASF SE, Germany.

This is advantageous in that at the joints between two tubbings the contact surface of the contacting thermoplastic Schott layers is increased and thereby a higher sealing effect is achieved.

It is particularly advantageous if the water-swellable profile 6 further contains materials as described above as being preferred for the thermoplastic Schott layer 4. This is to the advantage that the water-swellable profile 6 can be well connected to the thermoplastic Schott layer 4, for example by welding, gluing and / or

Vulcanize. The arrangement shown in FIG. 2 by way of example

water-swellable profile 6 is advantageous in that thereby the water-swellable profile 6 comes to lie at the joints between two tubbing, as is visible for example in Figure 4. Contact with water, for example from the soil, leads to a swelling of the water-swellable profiles 6 and thereby to a swelling pressure in the region of the joints between two segments and thereby to an increase in the

Sealing effect.

The tubbing preferably has an outer surface 2

Frame-shaped circumferential recess 5 and the Schott layer 4 engages in the recess, as can be seen for example in Figure 2. FIG. 5 shows, in a lateral plan view, the recess 5 of the tubbing circumscribing the outer surface 2 in the manner of a frame without the thermoplastic

Schott layer.

Preferably, the Schott layer fills the recess at least partially, in particular completely.

The recess is arranged in the contact area of the outer surface 2 with the outer side surfaces 7 and 8. This has the advantage, among other things, that the tubbing is less susceptible to damage during manufacture, transport or installation, because mechanical load peaks occur, especially at the side edges. Next, this is a high accuracy of fit to the

Achieved impact points between two tubbings, which leads to an increase in the sealing effect.

Next is at the joints between two tubbing the

Contact surface of the contacting thermoplastic bulkheads is increased and thereby a higher sealing effect is achieved.

The tubbing preferably has a the outer side surfaces (7, 8) circumferential sealing groove 9, in which a sealing body 10 is arranged, as can be seen in Figure 2. The sealing groove is formed in the tubbing and is located therein, typically pressed

Seal body. The sealing body 10 is typically a hollow body. As the material for the sealing body in particular materials are suitable which are known as sealing materials for sealing rings and / or materials as they were previously described as a swellable material. Particularly preferably, the sealing body 10 consists of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM).

This is to the advantage that this creates at the joints between two tubbings another barrier for penetrating water and thus a higher sealing effect is achieved.

The tubbing preferably has a sealing coating 11 between the outer surface 2 and the thermoplastic Schott layer 4, as can be seen in FIG. 2 and FIG. The sealing coating is selected from the group consisting of methacrylate resin, polyester resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane and polyurea. Particularly preferred as a sealing coating is epoxy resin.

Such a sealing coating 1 1 is advantageous in that thereby the tubbing is protected from the ingress of moisture. This further enhances the sealing effect of the tubbing. Further, in the manufacture of the tubbing a strong loss of moisture in the

Curing of the green body can be prevented. The sealing Coating 1 1 is typically applied by spraying or brushing on the tubbing.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the sealing coating 11 is arranged at least partially on all outer side surfaces (7, 8), in particular on the region between the recess 5 and the

Sealing groove 9, as can be seen in Figure 3.

As sealing body 10 are all materials in question, which are suitable to reduce the passage of liquids, especially water, respectively to prevent.

Preferably, the sealing body is made of a thermoplastic or a thermoplastic elastomer. Thermoplastic elastomers have the advantage that the sealing body characterized by a good elasticity against horizontal and vertical displacements, in particular

Shifts due to mechanical stresses in the structure, has. A good elasticity of the seal body prevents cracking or detachment of the seal body and thus a failure of the seal.

As thermoplastic elastomers are used in this document

Plastics understood that combine the mechanical properties of vulcanized elastomers with the processability of thermoplastics. Typically, such thermoplastic elastomers are block copolymers having hard and soft segments or so-called polymer alloys having correspondingly thermoplastic and elastomeric ones

Ingredients.

Further advantageous materials for sealing bodies are materials which are selected from the group consisting of acrylate compounds, polyurethane polymers, silane-terminated polymers and polyolefins. The tubbing preferably has an adhesive layer 12 between the outer surface 2 and the thermoplastic Schott layer 4. As adhesive layer 12 are all materials in question, which are suitable to ensure a solid bond of the thermoplastic Schott layer 4 on the tubbing. Preferably, the adhesive layer consists of a structural adhesive, in particular a reaction adhesive based on phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyimides or polyurethane, a pressure-sensitive adhesive and / or a

Melt adhesive. This ensures a good bond and good adhesion between the outer surface 2 and the thermoplastic Schott layer 4 and thus reduces the detachment of the thermoplastic Schott layer and thus a failure of the seal.

Structural adhesives, pressure-sensitive adhesives and hot melt adhesives are generally known to the person skilled in the art and are described in CD Römpp Chemie Lexikon, Version 1 .0, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart.

Preferably, the adhesive layer 12 is the

sealing coating 1 1, i. the sealing coating 1 1 leads in addition to its sealing function against water even to a

Bonding between the thermoplastic Schott layer 4 and the outer surface 2 of the tubbing.

As shown in FIG. 3, the tubbing can have injection openings 13. They penetrate the tubbing from the convex-arched one

Outer surface to the concave-curved inner surface, further penetrate the thermoplastic Schottschicht 4. These allow injection of

Injection material after joining the tubbing ring, ie in the installed state, from the inside of the tubbing ring into the area between the surrounding soil and the convexly curved outer surface. Typically, after or during the retraction of the shield, the between

Tunnel lining (tubbing ring) and surrounding soil remaining annular gap continuously filled with mortar. In order to further increase the watertightness of the tubbing ring, the injection openings 13 can additionally

Injection material in the area between tubbing ring, ie the thermoplastic bulkhead layers of the tubbing ring building up

Tübbings, and the grout filled with mortar are pressed. As a result, the injection openings 13 and the intermediate area are closed in a fluid-tight manner.

It is advantageous if the injection material hardens after introduction into the intermediate region and thereby expands and / or is water-swelling in the hardened state.

The injection material is preferably selected from the list consisting of polyurethane, epoxy resin, acrylates and mineral

Binder.

It is also advantageous if the injection material contains water-swellable materials.

For example, the injection material is a Sika® Injection series of products such as Sika® Injection-201 CE, Sika® Injection-201 RC, Sika® Injection-203, Sika® Injection-451, Sika® Injection-304, Sika ® Injection-305, Sika® Injection-306, the Sika® InjectoCem series, such as Sika® lnjectoCem-190 or Sikadur®-52 Injection.

For application of the injection material, this can with the help of a one- or two-component pump via filling and injection hoses

(Injection packer) under pressure through the injection ports 13 in the

Intermediate area to be injected.

The tubbing is preferably suitable for tunnels with a diameter of 0.5-50 m.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a building, in particular a tunnel, comprising a tubbing according to the invention. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 tubbing

2 convex-curved outer surface

3 concave-curved inner surface

4 thermoplastic Schott layer

5 the outer surface frame-shaped circumferential recess

6 water-swellable profile

7 longitudinal side surface

8 front side surface

9, the outer side surfaces frame-shaped circumferential sealing groove 10 sealing body

1 1 sealing coating

12 adhesive layer

13 injection port

Claims

Tubes made of concrete for covering a tunnel, in particular a traffic tunnel, wherein the tubbing (1) has a convex-curved

Outer surface (2) and one of the outer surface (2) opposite concave-curved inner surface (3) and wherein the tubbing (1) on its outer surface (2) with a thermoplastic Schott layer (4) is provided and the thermoplastic Schott layer (4) on on all the outer surface (2) facing sides of the outer side surfaces (7, 8) is arranged.

Tubbing according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubbing a the outer surface (2) frame-shaped circumferential

Having recess (5) and engages the thermoplastic Schott layer (4) in the recess (5).

Tubbing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thermoplastic Schott layer (4) has a water-swellable profile (6) which is arranged on the outer side surfaces (7, 8) facing away from the side.

Tubbing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tubbing has a the outer side surfaces (7, 8) circumferential sealing groove (9), in which a sealing body (10) is arranged.

Tubbing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermoplastic Schott layer (4) contains thermoplastic polyolefins and / or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

Tubbing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermoplastic Schott layer (4) comprises material which is selected from the group consisting of High density polyethylene (HDPE), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), polyethylene (PE),

Polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamides (PA), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), chlorosulfonated polyethylene and thermoplastic polyolefins (TPO).

Tubbing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the tubbing between the outer surface (2) and the thermoplastic Schott layer (4) has a sealing coating (1 1), wherein the sealing coating is selected from the group consisting of methacrylate resin, polyester resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane and polyurea.

Tubbing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that the sealing coating (11) is further arranged at least partially on all outer side surfaces (7, 8).

Tubbing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the tubbing between the outer surface (2) and the thermoplastic Schott layer (4) has an adhesive layer (12).

Building, in particular a tunnel, comprising a tubbing according to one of claims 1 - 9.