EP2747920B1 - Vorrichtung zur granulierung von asche - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur granulierung von asche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2747920B1
EP2747920B1 EP12756123.1A EP12756123A EP2747920B1 EP 2747920 B1 EP2747920 B1 EP 2747920B1 EP 12756123 A EP12756123 A EP 12756123A EP 2747920 B1 EP2747920 B1 EP 2747920B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
disk
slag
granulator
granulator according
coolant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12756123.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2747920A1 (de
Inventor
William Barry Featherstone
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Primetals Technologies Ltd
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Primetals Technologies Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB1114763.4A external-priority patent/GB2493969B/en
Priority claimed from GB1204070.5A external-priority patent/GB2500039A/en
Application filed by Primetals Technologies Ltd filed Critical Primetals Technologies Ltd
Publication of EP2747920A1 publication Critical patent/EP2747920A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C21B3/08—Cooling slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
    • C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
    • C21B2400/026—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag using air, inert gases or removable conductive bodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
    • C21B2400/052—Apparatus features including rotating parts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
    • C21B2400/052—Apparatus features including rotating parts
    • C21B2400/054—Disc-shaped or conical parts for cooling, dispersing or atomising of molten slag rotating along vertical axis

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a dry slag granulation device, in particular for dry slag granulation using a rotary atomising granulator to obtain granulated glassy slag.
  • a method of granulation of molten slag using air jets to break up slag ejected from a rotating flat disk or cup is described in GB2148330 .
  • the flat disk or cup is made from some type of refractory ceramic material, such as high alumina refractory ceramic, or refractory with chromium additions.
  • a metal disk is provided for the granulator and a cooling system cools the metal disk.
  • the structure of the rotary atomising granulator is such that the cooling system may not cool evenly across the metal disk, with the result that the centre of the disk receives the bulk of the hot slag, but has the least consistent cooling applied.
  • WO-89/00471 relates to a method for forming particles and fibres from normally solid materials, such as metals.
  • RU-2274516 relates to devices for production of metal powders.
  • a dry slag rotary atomising granulator comprises a rotatable disk mounted on a support for rotation about an axis of rotation, wherein the disk comprises an annular metal disk having a first surface remote from the support and including a central opening; wherein the support comprises a hollow cylindrical structure coupled to the opening in the metal disk and a castable refractory material in the hollow cylindrical structure; and wherein the castable refractory material comprises slag.
  • the present invention addresses the problem of wear in a metal rotatable disk when operating at high slag flow rates by providing a central impact pad of refractory material to receive the molten slag.
  • the disk further comprises terracing and a layer of solidified slag formed on the first surface.
  • the metal comprises one of stainless steel, SG iron or mild steel.
  • the cylinder could be a punctuated cylinder comprising a plurality of columns, but preferably, the cylinder is open only at one end.
  • the granulator further comprises a slag supply outlet for supplying slag onto the first surface of the disk, the outlet comprising one of a slag runner or tundish.
  • the granulator further comprises a cooling system for supplying a coolant to the disk.
  • the cooling system comprises coolant sprays directed at a second surface of the disk remote from the first surface.
  • the coolant sprays may comprise aerated liquid sprays, but preferably the sprays comprise water sprays.
  • the cooling system comprises a flowing coolant system.
  • the granulator further comprises a housing, the housing comprising a cylinder coupled to an annular disk and mounted relative to the rotatable disk and support, such that the cylinder and annular disk form an annular passage for containing a flow of coolant between the housing and the rotatable disk and support.
  • the granulator further comprises a sump for collecting coolant which has exited the annular passage at the circumference of the disk.
  • coolant fluid any suitable coolant fluid may be used, but preferably, the coolant comprises water.
  • the disk may be substantially flat, but preferably, the first surface of the disk is concave.
  • an extension of a chord between two points on the circumference of the disk, the chord passing through the axis of rotation, forms an acute angle with a tangent of the disk surface at the edge of the disk pointing towards the axis of rotation.
  • the acute angle is between 30° and 50°.
  • the acute angle is 40°.
  • Fig.1a shows a rotary atomising granulator 1 having a cup or dish shaped disk 2 mounted on a support 3 for rotation about an axis of rotation 6, the support being attached to a rotatable base 4.
  • the disk 2 has sidewalls 10 and rotates within a shroud 5.
  • the rotatable base 4 is connected to a variable speed drive shaft (not shown).
  • the rotating disk 2 is typically formed in section as the segment of a circle. The radius of the circle varies depending on the diameter of the disk so that the edge of the disk is inclined at a preferred angle to the horizontal.
  • the angle ⁇ of the disk 2 at its outermost edge is preferably chosen such that an extension 9 of a chord 7 between two points A, B on the circumference of the disk passing through the axis of rotation 6 forms an angle of between 30 and 50 degrees to a tangent 8 of the disk surface at the edge of the disk pointing towards the axis of rotation, as illustrated in Fig.1b .
  • the preferred edge angle is 40 degrees.
  • the diameter of the dish is chosen dependent upon the design slag flow rate and a preferred speed of rotation of the disk, which is intended to avoid slag wool generation and to produce correctly sized slag droplets.
  • the disk is made of a metal, such as stainless steel, typically 310SS, or spheroidal graphite (SG) iron, or mild steel, although other suitable metals may be used.
  • the metals need to be able to cope with the operating temperatures encountered in slag granulation and have good thermal conductivity.
  • Fig.2 illustrates an alternative design, also with a metal disk, but in this case, rather than a cup shape, the disk is substantially flat, with sidewalls 10.
  • a flat disk does not cope with high flow rates as well as a cup or dish shaped disk, but the use of metal still allows an improvement over conventional ceramic refractory flat disks.
  • FIG.3 illustrates using cooling sprays and in Fig.4 using a flow of coolant.
  • the coolant is applied to the underside 18 of the disk 2, away from the surface 23 onto which the slag falls during operation.
  • the examples show the disk 2 mounted on its support 3.
  • This support may be a cylindrical support, concentric with the axis of rotation 6, attached to the base 4.
  • the support 3 is typically a punctuated support to allow the coolant to reach the surface 18 of the disk nearer to the centre of the disk.
  • a plurality of support columns at least 3, preferably 4 are provided, spaced substantially equidistant from one another in contact with the disk surface 18.
  • coolant sprays 13 as shown in Fig.3 .
  • any suitable coolant could be used, water is preferred, as it is easily available, relatively inexpensive and does not require special storage conditions.
  • the underside 18 of the dish is cooled by one or more water sprays 13. The rotation of the cup 2 and application of coolant ensures a good heat transfer coefficient (HTC) to keep the metal dish within its operating range of temperature.
  • HTC heat transfer coefficient
  • the cooling effect of the water on the underside is enhanced by the velocity of rotation.
  • the thermal conductivity of metals such as stainless steel, spheroidal graphite (SG) iron, mild steel, low carbon steel with a carbon content of less than 0.15%, or copper are such that applying cooling to the underside 18 causes a layer 22 of solidified slag to form on the upper surface 23.
  • Operating temperature and thermal conductivity of the metal, in combination, influence the choice of material. Copper has a lower operating temperature, but conducts heat away more quickly, leading to a thicker layer of solidified slag forming on its upper surface, so still giving sufficient protection against wear caused by the impact of the hot slag.
  • the solidified slag layer follows the outline of the metal disk.
  • the thickness of the solidified slag layer is such that the shape of the disk is not changed, and particularly, the shape of the disk lip is not changed.
  • the advantage of the formation of this layer 22 is that it protects the metal surface 23 which might otherwise suffer thermal shock caused by contact with each new molten slag flow 25 landing on the surface of the disk 2.
  • This protective layer is illustrated in Figs.7 and 8 .
  • the slag 25 is supplied via an outlet of a slag runner or tundish (not shown) and falls substantially vertically through the outlet onto the centre of the rotating disk. Use of a tundish allows irregularities in the slag flow from the blast furnace to be evened out.
  • the top surface of the disk finishes at its outer edge with a 90 degree angle between that surface and the surface extending over the thickness of the dish material.
  • the water from the water sprays is retained by the rotating side wall 10 of the disk and water thrown off the lower edge of the side wall is retained by the shroud 5 and returned to a sump (not shown).
  • the sprays 13 may be air atomised water sprays provided with an air pipe 12 and a water supply pipe 13.
  • the sprays may be replaced by a flowing fluid cooling system, again typically water cooling.
  • the water is delivered in an annular passage 19 formed between a drive shaft 15 and a stationary pipe 14.
  • One end 16 of the pipe is attached to a stationary dish 17 shaped with substantially similar contouring to the contours of the underside 18 of the granulating disk 2 and spaced from the underside 18 by a small amount.
  • the water flows between the stationary dish 17 and the rotating disk 2 and discharges at the outer radius 20 into a cavity 21 below the stationary dish and is returned to the sump.
  • This design means that there is no need for more complex sealing between the rotating dish 2 and the shroud 5.
  • the protective layer 22 of slag which forms on the upper surface 23 of the disk 2 slides away, resulting in the metal surface being subjected to thermal shock caused by contact with a new molten slag flow falling on unprotected metal.
  • the rotatable disk 2 may be provided with terracing 24 on its upper surface 23.
  • terracing examples are shown in Figs. 5 and 6 for the examples of Figs.3 and 4 .
  • a series of terraces 24 are formed in the upper surface 23 of the disk 2, for example by casting, machining, or pressing.
  • the mechanism used is chosen according to the material properties, some being easier to machine or cast. Pressing and welding on terracing involves more process steps and potential issues with the integrity of the weld at typical operating temperatures make this option less preferred.
  • the terracing 24 helps to ensure that the protective layer 22 of solidified slag is formed at the start of operation and remains in place and does not slip off during slag granulation.
  • the number of terraces 24 is dependant upon the diameter of the disk 2 and optionally, each of the terraces is arranged to have equal areas in plan view, resulting in the terraces being closer together at larger radii where the forces tending to remove the slag layer are greater.
  • Use of terracing aids in the formation and retention of a protective slag layer on the dish surface, which helps to reduce damage due to thermal shock and therefore leads to increased service life.
  • the terracing may be used on an otherwise substantially flat rotating disk, such as that shown in Fig.2 , or the surface of the disk could be roughened, or provided with protruding tags to slow the first slag that impacts on the metal surface, enough that the cooling effect forms the protective layer.
  • the support 3 is modified to comprise a cylinder 28, typically made of metal, which is connected, e.g. by welding to both the disk 2 and the rotating part 4.
  • the disk 2 is annular. In the centre 29 of the disk, there is no metal, leaving the cylinder 28 open where it joins the disk 2.
  • the disk is provided with terracing on the upper surface beyond the maximum radius of the cylinder. Up to the minimum radius of the terracing 24, i.e.
  • the cylinder 28 is filled with a castable refractory 26, comprising slag which forms a solid impact pad for the molten slag.
  • a castable refractory 26 comprising slag which forms a solid impact pad for the molten slag.
  • this filling could be made separately and dropped into the cylinder, in which case, the supports may be punctuated or columnar as previously, a cylinder open only at the slag receiving surface has the advantage that molten material can be poured in and cooled, so that the solidified slag filler so formed replenishes the impact pad if it wears down. It is also more robust and easier to manufacture, so whether spray or flowing coolant are used, a cylinder closed by the rotatable base and only open where it joins the disk 2 is generally preferred.
  • the design is very durable. Any maintenance, if required, amounts to simply refilling the cylinder 28 with castable refractory, such as ceramic refractory, solidified slag, or crushed filing of old slag, or other suitable material with insulating, rather than conducting, properties.
  • replacing the centre 29 of the rotating disk with a replaceable refractory section has he advantages of dealing with the issue of poor heat transfer due to the difficulties of applying sufficient cooling in the centre of the metal disk, where the slag impacts, which may lead to excessive wear and therefore the requirement to replace or repair the dish. This is not a problem in other areas of the dish, where there is no direct contact with hot slag, so installing a replaceable centre section is an effective solution without losing the advantages of a metal rotatable disk with cooling and terracing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Trockenschlacke-Rotationszerstäubungsgranulator, umfassend eine drehbare Scheibe (2), die auf einem Träger zur Drehung um eine Drehachse angebracht ist, wobei die Scheibe (2) eine ringförmige Metallscheibe umfasst, die eine erste Oberfläche (23) aufweist, die von dem Träger abgewandt ist, und eine mittige Öffnung aufweist; wobei der Träger eine hohle zylindrische Struktur (28) umfasst, die an die Öffnung in der Metallscheibe (2) gekoppelt ist, wobei die hohle zylindrische Struktur (28) mit einem gießbaren feuerfesten Material (26) gefüllt ist; und wobei das gießbare feuerfeste Material (26) Schlacke umfasst.
  2. Granulator gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei die Scheibe (2) ferner Terrassierung (24) und eine Schicht von erstarrter Schlacke (22), die auf der ersten Oberfläche (23) gebildet ist, umfasst.
  3. Granulator gemäß Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, wobei das Metall eines von rostfreiem Stahl, duktilem Gusseisen und Weichstahl umfasst.
  4. Granulator gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der Zylinder (28) nur an einem Ende offen ist.
  5. Granulator gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei der Granulator ferner einen Schlackezufuhr-Auslass (27) zum Zuführen von Schlacke auf die erste Oberfläche (23) der Scheibe (2) umfasst, wobei der Auslass (27) eines von einer Schlackerinne und einem Zwischenbehälter umfasst.
  6. Granulator gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Granulator ferner ein Kühlsystem zum Zuführen eines Kühlmittels zu der Scheibe (2) umfasst.
  7. Granulator gemäß Anspruch 6, wobei das Kühlsystem Kühlmittelsprühvorrichtungen (13) umfasst, die auf eine zweite Oberfläche (18) der Scheibe (2), die von der ersten Oberfläche (23) abgewandt ist, gerichtet sind.
  8. Granulator gemäß Anspruch 7, wobei die Kühlmittelsprühvorrichtungen Wassersprühvorrichtungen umfassen.
  9. Granulator gemäß Anspruch 6, wobei das Kühlsystem ein System mit fließendem Kühlmittel umfasst.
  10. Granulator gemäß Anspruch 9, wobei der Granulator ferner ein Gehäuse umfasst, wobei das Gehäuse einen Zylinder (14) umfasst, der an eine ringförmige Scheibe (17) gekoppelt und relativ zu der drehbaren Scheibe (2) und dem Träger angebracht ist, so dass der Zylinder (14) und die ringförmige Scheibe (17) einen Ringdurchlass (19) zum Enthalten eines Flusses von Kühlmittel zwischen dem Gehäuse und der drehbaren Scheibe (2) und dem Träger bilden.
  11. Granulator gemäß einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, wobei der Granulator ferner einen Sammelbehälter zum Sammeln von Kühlmittel, das aus dem Ringdurchlass (19) an dem Umfang der Scheibe (17) ausgetreten ist, umfasst.
  12. Granulator gemäß einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 11, wobei das Kühlmittel Wasser umfasst.
  13. Granulator gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die erste Oberfläche (23) der Scheibe (2) konkav ist.
  14. Granulator gemäß Anspruch 13, wobei eine Verlängerung einer Sehne zwischen zwei Punkten an dem Umfang der Scheibe (2), wobei die Sehne durch die Drehachse verläuft, einen spitzen Winkel mit einer Tangente der Scheibenoberfläche (23) an dem Rand der Scheibe (2), die zu der Drehachse zeigt, bildet, wobei der spitze Winkel zwischen 30° und 50° beträgt.
  15. Granulator gemäß Anspruch 14, wobei der spitze Winkel 40° beträgt.
EP12756123.1A 2011-08-26 2012-08-07 Vorrichtung zur granulierung von asche Active EP2747920B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1114763.4A GB2493969B (en) 2011-08-26 2011-08-26 Slag dispersal device and method
GB1204070.5A GB2500039A (en) 2012-03-08 2012-03-08 Rotary slag granulator with an annular metal disc and central cylinder containing plug of refractory material
PCT/EP2012/065413 WO2013029934A1 (en) 2011-08-26 2012-08-07 Slag granulation device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2747920A1 EP2747920A1 (de) 2014-07-02
EP2747920B1 true EP2747920B1 (de) 2017-03-15

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EP12756123.1A Active EP2747920B1 (de) 2011-08-26 2012-08-07 Vorrichtung zur granulierung von asche

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2747920B1 (de)
CN (1) CN103764320B (de)
IN (1) IN2014DN00179A (de)
WO (1) WO2013029934A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3913070A1 (de) 2020-05-19 2021-11-24 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Verfahren und vorrichtung zur trockengranulierung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989000471A1 (en) * 1987-07-20 1989-01-26 Battelle Development Corporation Centrifugal disintegration
SU1519851A1 (ru) * 1987-11-17 1989-11-07 Харьковский авиационный институт им.Н.Е.Жуковского Устройство дл получени металлического порошка
RU2274516C2 (ru) * 2004-08-18 2006-04-20 Марсиль Робертович Ахметшин Средство для диспергации металла

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1204069A (en) 1968-05-16 1970-09-03 C B P Engineering & Constructi Improvements in or relating to the supply of pulverised fuel to boilers
JPS5388687A (en) * 1977-01-17 1978-08-04 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Apparatus for pulverizing molten slag and recovering heat
LU77145A1 (de) * 1977-04-15 1979-01-18
US4419061A (en) * 1982-12-27 1983-12-06 United Technologies Corporation Multi-piece rotary atomizer disk
GB2148330B (en) 1983-10-24 1987-05-07 British Steel Corp Improvements in or relating to the granulation of slag
JPS63230807A (ja) * 1987-03-19 1988-09-27 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol 遠心噴霧用の回転デイスク
CN200943092Y (zh) * 2006-08-25 2007-09-05 钢铁研究总院 高炉炉渣干式粒化装置
CN201538779U (zh) * 2009-09-22 2010-08-04 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 干法冶金熔渣处理装置
CN101824499B (zh) * 2010-03-19 2011-11-30 昆明阳光基业股份有限公司 一种液态高炉渣粒化装置及其粒化方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989000471A1 (en) * 1987-07-20 1989-01-26 Battelle Development Corporation Centrifugal disintegration
SU1519851A1 (ru) * 1987-11-17 1989-11-07 Харьковский авиационный институт им.Н.Е.Жуковского Устройство дл получени металлического порошка
RU2274516C2 (ru) * 2004-08-18 2006-04-20 Марсиль Робертович Ахметшин Средство для диспергации металла

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3913070A1 (de) 2020-05-19 2021-11-24 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Verfahren und vorrichtung zur trockengranulierung
WO2021233836A1 (de) 2020-05-19 2021-11-25 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Verfahren und vorrichtung zur trockengranulierung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103764320A (zh) 2014-04-30
WO2013029934A9 (en) 2013-05-30
WO2013029934A1 (en) 2013-03-07
EP2747920A1 (de) 2014-07-02
IN2014DN00179A (de) 2015-06-05
CN103764320B (zh) 2017-03-01

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