EP2744596B1 - A pitman of a jaw crusher, a jaw crusher, a crushing plant and a crushing method - Google Patents

A pitman of a jaw crusher, a jaw crusher, a crushing plant and a crushing method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2744596B1
EP2744596B1 EP11776219.5A EP11776219A EP2744596B1 EP 2744596 B1 EP2744596 B1 EP 2744596B1 EP 11776219 A EP11776219 A EP 11776219A EP 2744596 B1 EP2744596 B1 EP 2744596B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pitman
crushing
jaw crusher
cross
honeycomb structure
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP11776219.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2744596A1 (en
Inventor
Risto Sutti
Jari Jonkka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metso Finland Oy
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Metso Minerals Oy
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Publication date
Application filed by Metso Minerals Oy filed Critical Metso Minerals Oy
Publication of EP2744596A1 publication Critical patent/EP2744596A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
    • B02C1/10—Shape or construction of jaws

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pitman of a jaw crusher, a jaw crusher and a crushing plant and a crushing method, which are suitable for crushing mineral material.
  • the function of the jaw crusher is based on the force pressing stone, the jaw moving in respect of an eccentric shaft moves back and forth regarding the fixed jaw.
  • Movable jaws i.e. pitmans of the jaw crushers have been produced in various different ways. A casted pitman is enclosed i.e. closed in its cross-sectional profile.
  • EP 1049539 B1 presents a jaw crusher with a pitman with closed cross-sectional profile.
  • US-2010/0044486-A1 discloses another example of a pitman.
  • the side plates of the body of the jaw crusher are joined with each other by an intermediate rod in the part between the ends of the body.
  • a typical location for the intermediate rod is in the location of the pitman.
  • a horizontal hole for the intermediate rod leading from the first side of the body to the second side of the body is formed in the pitman because of this.
  • a core is placed in the hole for the intermediate rod, the sand of which core has to be removed after casting.
  • thermal stresses result in the hole for the intermediate rod that do not necessarily entirely disappear in the thermal treatment. It is known that the hole for the intermediate rod is non-machined and the hole with cast surface is sensitive to crack formation.
  • the area of the hole for the intermediate rod is a critical spot because of the peak stresses caused by the crushing force.
  • a pitman of a jaw crusher comprising an upper part which comprises an upper supporting point for supporting the pitman in the body of the jaw crusher, and a lower part comprising a lower supporting point for supporting the pitman in the body of the jaw crusher through a toggle plate, and the lower part of the pitman comprises sidewalls and a honeycomb structure open to the crushing direction, which structure comprises one or more cross-sectional supports reaching from the first sidewall to the second sidewall; wherein the upper part of the pitman comprises a backwards open cross-sectional profile above the honeycomb structure of the lower part.
  • the lower supporting point of the pitman is arranged in the location of the cross-sectional support of the honeycomb structure.
  • the lower supporting point of the pitman is arranged in the location of the cross-sectional support of the honeycomb structure in the vertical direction of the pitman.
  • the sidewalls of the pitman form the sidewalls of the honeycomb structure; and the honeycomb structure comprises one or more vertical supports intersecting with the cross-sectional supports/supports for dividing the space between the sidewalls of the pitman vertically in parts.
  • the honeycomb structure comprises a continuous back wall area to which the sidewalls, vertical supports and cross-sectional supports are attached from their back part.
  • the back wall area comprises a lower back wall area and an upper back wall area which join in the location of the cross-sectional support and the back wall areas are arranged parallel such that the force directed in the pitman by means of a toggle plate in a crushing event is substantially parallel with the direction of the back wall areas.
  • the front surface of the lower part comprises front edges of the sidewalls, vertical supports and cross-sectional supports for receiving a wear part.
  • a centering mechanism of the wear part is attached in the intersections of the vertical supports and cross-sectional supports in the front surface of the lower part.
  • a jaw crusher is implemented for crushing mineral material which jaw crusher comprises a pitman of a jaw crusher according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a crushing plant comprising a pitman of a jaw crusher according to an embodiment of the invention or a jaw crusher according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a method for increasing crushing capacity of mineral material in a jaw crusher or in a crushing plant, which jaw crusher or crushing plant comprises a crushing chamber and a pitman arranged in the crushing chamber, which pitman comprises an upper part comprising an upper supporting point for supporting the pitman in the body of the jaw crusher, and a lower part comprising a lower supporting point for supporting the pitman in the body of the jaw crusher through a toggle plate, and in the method, in a crushing event the pitman is moved, the lower part of which pitman comprises sidewalls and a honeycomb structure open to the crushing direction, which structure comprises one or more cross-sectional supports reaching from the first sidewall to the second sidewall for dividing the space between the sidewalls horizontally in parts; wherein the upper part of the pitman comprises a backwards open cross-sectional profile above the honeycomb structure of the lower part
  • the toggle plate comprised by the jaw crusher is supported in the lower supporting point which is arranged in the location of the cross-sectional support of the honeycomb structure.
  • the toggle force directed at the pitman through the toggle plate is conveyed into the crushing direction through the cross beam.
  • the toggle force directed at the pitman through the toggle plate is conveyed in the crushing process through the lower back wall area of the lower part.
  • the lower part of the pitman of the jaw crusher is manufactured by casting without a core.
  • the hole for the intermediate rod is manufactured by machining.
  • the hole for the intermediate rod is machined in a discretionary location for controlling the strength and the residual tensions. The location of the hole for the intermediate rod may be chosen more freely than in a known hole manufacturing method by casting.
  • the backwards open cross-sectional profile comprises vertical webs between the sidewalls in addition to the sidewalls of the pitman.
  • the upper part of the pitman comprises above the honeycomb structure of the lower part a honeycomb structure like the honeycomb structure of the lower part which is open from the front surface of the upper part of the pitman.
  • a cross-sectional support arranged in the honeycomb structure reduces or removes bending of the pitman and the wear part compared with a known pitman, which has poorer horizontal rigidity.
  • the cross-sectional supports eliminate bending and distortion horizontally.
  • the cross-sectional support may reduce support span which is in the pitman in the back of the wear part.
  • the pressing work in a crushing event is better focused in breaking the stone and not in the transformation (elasticity) of the pitman.
  • the capacity of the crusher and the crushing plant may be increased because the mineral material is crushed and does not stay waiting for a new stroke. Crushing work done by a smaller stroke also affects other components of the crusher which may be lightened if needed.
  • the mass of the flywheel and the counterweight of the crusher may be reduced.
  • the power source may be smaller in power, as well.
  • the amount of the energy engaged in the flywheel may be reduced.
  • the environment is less burdened because of savings in material and energy. If a known amount of material is used the structure may be made more durable and more rigid.
  • the quality of manufacturing the pitman may be improved. There are less work phases and the manufacturing may be speeded up. When casting no cores (web) are needed which cause differences in wall thickness and additional costs. In manufacturing the pitman less material is needed which reduces the mass of the pitman. Weight may also be reduced by machining the edges of the webs because the machining surface has significantly higher fatigue strength than the casting surface. The casting is more easily done. In the manufacturing, a considerably better end quality may be achieved and the wall thicknesses are easily checked and the weight of the pitman optimized. The openness makes it easy to check and fix casting defects. Casting defects may be removed by grinding from the web edges which are critical in tension. Sand cleaning holes are not needed and the sand removal phase is left out.
  • the hole for the intermediate rod may be made entirely by machining, in which case the fatigue strength of the structure is better than in case of the non-machined surface generated after casting. In that case one may get rid of the residual tensions of the hole, as well. Additionally, the location of the hole for the intermediate rod may be better chosen when in a whole less residual tension remains in the pitman than in the known pitman.
  • the pitman strength advantage is achieved when the force of the toggle plate is received on a nearly parallel plate flange (lower and upper back wall area) which continues above the joint point to a sufficient distance for minimizing bending and pulling tensions.
  • the pitman may be made lighter as the known pitman by a honeycomb structure continuing above the joint point of the toggle plate.
  • the openness of the cross-sectional profile of the pitman is changed in a strength-wise sufficient distance from the joint point between the toggle plate and the pitman.
  • the desired loading level of the crusher/pitman and the life span as well as the fixing points of the wear parts define the dimensions of the pitman which further define the size of the distance.
  • the fixing point is taken from such a distance from the joint point in which point the height of the web is 80-90% of the maximum height of the web.
  • the height of the web is measured as a perpendicular distance from the front surface of the lower part of the pitman to the outer curve of the web.
  • the lower part of the pitman is a firm honeycomb structure, to the connection areas of which strength-increasing roundings are made.
  • a processing apparatus of mineral material a crushing plant 200 comprising a jaw crusher 100.
  • a feeder 103 for feeding material into the jaw crusher 100 and a belt conveyor 106 for transferring crushed material further from the crushing plant.
  • the belt conveyor 106 presented in fig. 1 comprises a belt 107 arranged to proceed around at least one drum 108.
  • the crushing plant 200 also comprises a power source and a control centre 105.
  • the power source may be for instance a diesel or electric motor, which provides energy to be used by process units and hydraulic circuits.
  • the feeder 103, the crusher 100, the power source 105 and the conveyor 106 are attached to the body 101 of the crushing plant, which in this embodiment also comprises a track platform 102 for moving the crushing plant 200.
  • the crushing plant may also be totally or partly wheel-based or movable by legs. Alternatively, it may be movable/towable for instance with help of a truck or some other exterior power source.
  • Mineral material may be for instance quarried stone or it may be asphalt or decommissioning waste such as concrete, or brick etc.
  • the crushing plant may be a fixed crushing plant.
  • the embodiments of the pitman 1 of the jaw crusher 100 may be used for instance in the crushing station 200 in fig. 1 .
  • the crushing station 200 and the jaw crusher 100 are configured to receive the pitman 1, which can be lighter than the known pitmans, when an increase in strength caused by the stiffening of the pitman structure is taken into account.
  • the power used by the crusher per the amount of crushed mineral material may be smaller than with known applications because in the crushing event, less energy is used in the transformation of the pitman.
  • a greater crushing volume may be achieved with the same crushing power because a greater part of drive power may be focused in crushing mineral material.
  • a pitman 1 open in two directions, which is preferably manufactured by casting.
  • the upper part 2 of the pitman comprises an upper supporting point 3 for supporting the pitman in the body of the jaw crusher through an eccentric shaft (not presented in figs.).
  • the first supporting point 3 defines a hole which reaches from the side of the pitman to the other.
  • the lower part 4 of the pitman comprises a lower supporting point 5 for supporting the pitman in the body of the jaw crusher through a toggle plate (not presented in figs.).
  • a supporting groove 6 in the lower supporting point 5. The force and direction of the toggle plate are presented in fig. 4 by an arrow 30.
  • the wear part which is aimed to be fixed in front of the pitman is two-part (not presented in figs.) but one-part and multi-part wear parts may be used, as well.
  • the upper wear part is fixed in the front surface 8 of the front wall 7 of the upper part of the pitman and the lower wear part is fixed in the front surface 9 of the lower part of the pitman below the upper wear part.
  • the pitman 1 comprises first fixing means 10 in the upper part of the front surface 8 of the upper part for fixing wear parts, second fixing means 11 between the front surfaces of the upper and lower part and third fixing means 12 below the front surface of the lower part. Holes, among others, are arranged as fixing means for fixing wedges.
  • a cross-sectional support 15 may be formed in the pitman in cross direction of the pitman (in the width direction of the crushing chamber), which is preferably horizontal, when areas supporting the wearing plate from back in cross direction may be formed in the pitman in addition to the vertical supports.
  • the cross-sectional profile of the pitman is open backwards in the upper part of the pitman and open forwards in the area of the supporting point 5 of the toggle plate.
  • the lower part of the pitman comprises a honeycomb structure open forwards.
  • the honeycomb structure vertically comprises sidewalls 13 and vertical supports 14 of the pitman, which vertically divide the space between the sidewalls in parts.
  • the honeycomb structure additionally comprises one or more cross-sectional supports 15, which intersect with the vertical support/supports 14 and horizontally divide the profile of the lower part 4 in parts, which profile is open forwards (open in the crushing direction).
  • the cross-sectional support 15 improves the sideward rigidity of the vertical supports when the support span of the supports diminishes.
  • the honeycomb structure comprises six compartments divided by two vertical supports and one cross-sectional support in the middle.
  • a centering mechanism 16 of the wear part such as a wedge, is attached in the intersections of the vertical supports and cross-sectional supports in the front surface 9 of the lower part 4.
  • the sidewall 13, the vertical support 14 and the cross-sectional support 15 are ribs or walls commencing forward from the back wall areas 17 and 18 connecting the sidewalls 13 of the lower part of the pitman.
  • the lower back wall area 17 is arranged behind the lower compartments of the honeycomb structure.
  • the upper back wall area 18 is arranged behind the upper compartments of the honeycomb structure.
  • the lower back wall area 17 continues uniformly onto the upper back wall area 18 in the area of the supporting point 5 of the toggle plate (in the area of the second supporting point of the jaw crusher).
  • both back wall areas 17, 18 are arranged parallel with the direction of the toggle plate.
  • the back wall areas 17, 18 have been designed to receive compression and/or pulling and not bending. This increases the life span of the pitman and the wall thickness of the pitman may be reduced in the lower part.
  • the foremost point of the sidewalls, vertical supports and horizontal supports forms a part of the front surface 9 of the lower part of the pitman for supporting the back surface of the wear part.
  • the pitman 1 may comprise a hole 19 for the intermediate rod in the upper part 2 but it is not necessary.
  • Fig. 3 presents the pitman 1 from back, the upper part of which pitman comprises a backwards open structure where the area between the sidewalls 13 is divided in vertical compartments by vertical webs 20 fixed in the front wall 7.
  • the vertical webs 20 are connected with each other with horizontal supports 21, the web height of which from the front wall is only a part of the height of the sidewalls and vertical webs.
  • the crushing power directed at the pitman is illustrated with the arrow F.
  • the uniform back wall area 17, 18 and the cross-sectional support 15 transfer the crushing force as steadily as possible to the toggle plate, which in a normal crushing event receives the most of the crushing force (does not receive everything because a part of it is divided to the bearing of the upper end).
  • the lower back wall area 17 is a particularly important wall because when crushing fine material the crushing force increases considerably below.
  • a typical angle for the direction 30 of the toggle plate is approximately 45 degrees regarding the front surface 9 of the pitman, and the range on various settings and in various movement positions (min-max) of the pitman is approximately 5-10 degrees.
  • the openness of the cross-sectional profile of the pitman 1 is changed in a strength-wise sufficient distance (circle and reference number 31) from the joint point (arrow and reference number 30) between the toggle plate and the pitman.
  • the desired loading level and the life span as well as the fixing points of the wear parts define the dimensions of the pitman, which further define the size of the distance.
  • the fixing point is taken from such a distance from the joint point in which point the height h of the web 13, 20 is 80-90% of the maximum height H of the web 13, 20.
  • the height of the web 13, 20 is measured as a perpendicular distance from the front surface 9 of the lower part of the pitman to the outer curve of the web 13, 20.
  • the critical points of tensions are located in the free edges 31 of the webs (walls 13) of the pitman. Because the lower free edge 31 is located within such a distance from the joint point where the height of the web is as great as possible, the tensions directed to the edge 31 may be achieved smaller.
  • honeycomb structure reduces the support spans of the jaws (wear parts) and reduces vertical and cross-sectional bending transformations of the pitman and thus supports the wear parts even more than before. Because the energy being used is not spent in the bending transformations but in the crushing event itself the efficiency of crushing is improved.
  • the pitman 1 may be manufactured, instead of casting or additionally, by welding or by a corresponding method, where an object is attached to another object by using at least partial melting of the material of the object, using additive or without additive.
  • the cross-sectional support 15' are ribs or walls commencing forward from the back wall 17' of the upper part of the pitman.
  • the pitman 1, 1' may be manufactured, instead of casting or additionally, by welding or by a corresponding method, where an object is attached to another object by using at least partial melting of the material of the object, using additive or without additive.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
EP11776219.5A 2011-08-18 2011-08-18 A pitman of a jaw crusher, a jaw crusher, a crushing plant and a crushing method Active EP2744596B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FI2011/050724 WO2013024197A1 (en) 2011-08-18 2011-08-18 A pitman of a jaw crusher, a jaw crusher, a crushing plant and a crushing method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2744596A1 EP2744596A1 (en) 2014-06-25
EP2744596B1 true EP2744596B1 (en) 2016-05-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11776219.5A Active EP2744596B1 (en) 2011-08-18 2011-08-18 A pitman of a jaw crusher, a jaw crusher, a crushing plant and a crushing method

Country Status (10)

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EP (1) EP2744596B1 (es)
JP (1) JP6050816B2 (es)
CN (1) CN103906572B (es)
AU (1) AU2011375141B9 (es)
BR (1) BR112014003393B1 (es)
CA (1) CA2845024C (es)
MX (1) MX347037B (es)
RU (1) RU2569476C2 (es)
WO (1) WO2013024197A1 (es)
ZA (1) ZA201401605B (es)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103132556A (zh) * 2013-03-25 2013-06-05 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 铸造支座
DE102016114196A1 (de) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-01 Thyssenkrupp Ag Brechschwinge und Backenbrecher
DE102017204414A1 (de) * 2017-03-16 2018-09-20 Thyssenkrupp Ag Brechschwinge und Backenbrecher

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2341105A (en) * 1939-03-13 1944-02-08 John R Kueneman Crusher
US2721036A (en) * 1948-09-08 1955-10-18 John R Kueneman Jaw crusher
US2843331A (en) * 1955-10-21 1958-07-15 Melford L Reeves Jaws for hinged rock crushers
US3201054A (en) * 1963-05-09 1965-08-17 Ivan C King Jaw crusher faceplate
JPS58133840A (ja) * 1982-02-01 1983-08-09 川崎重工業株式会社 粗砕用ジヨ−クラツシヤ
JPS5961849U (ja) * 1982-10-19 1984-04-23 株式会社神戸製鋼所 スイングジヨ−プレ−トの固定構造
JPS61118642U (es) * 1985-01-10 1986-07-26
AUPM559994A0 (en) * 1994-05-12 1994-06-02 Clyde Industries Limited Trading As Jacques Jaw crushers
JPH09155212A (ja) * 1995-12-06 1997-06-17 Kotobuki Giken Kogyo Kk ジョ−クラッシャの破砕体
FI103329B (fi) * 1997-12-22 1999-06-15 Metso Minerals Tampere Oy Tapa leukamurskaimen kulutusleuan kiinnittämiseksi ja leukamurskain
JP3396725B2 (ja) * 1998-12-11 2003-04-14 赤江機械工業株式会社 スクリーンクラッシャー
GB0027127D0 (en) * 2000-11-04 2000-12-20 Extec Ind Plc Jaw crusher unit
US8256698B2 (en) * 2006-10-19 2012-09-04 Crushing & Mining Equipment Pty., Ltd. Jaw assembly for a jaw crusher
RU65400U1 (ru) * 2007-02-26 2007-08-10 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Сибирская государственная автомобильно-дорожная академия" (СибАДИ)" Щековая дробилка
CN201147698Y (zh) * 2007-09-24 2008-11-12 西北有色地质勘查局七一二总队 双段鄂式破碎机
RU135272U1 (ru) * 2013-07-26 2013-12-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Магнитогорский государственный технический университет им. Г.И. Носова" Дробилка щековая

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX347037B (es) 2017-04-10
AU2011375141A1 (en) 2014-04-03
CN103906572A (zh) 2014-07-02
EP2744596A1 (en) 2014-06-25
RU2569476C2 (ru) 2015-11-27
CA2845024C (en) 2018-01-30
WO2013024197A1 (en) 2013-02-21
JP6050816B2 (ja) 2016-12-21
MX2014001523A (es) 2014-06-04
ZA201401605B (en) 2015-08-26
AU2011375141B9 (en) 2017-02-02
CA2845024A1 (en) 2013-02-21
BR112014003393B1 (pt) 2020-12-08
BR112014003393A2 (pt) 2017-04-18
JP2014521511A (ja) 2014-08-28
AU2011375141B2 (en) 2016-12-08
RU2014108530A (ru) 2015-09-27
CN103906572B (zh) 2015-06-03

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