EP2737726A1 - Procédé de traitement d'un signal audio, système de reproduction audio et unité de traitement servant au traitement de signaux audio - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement d'un signal audio, système de reproduction audio et unité de traitement servant au traitement de signaux audio

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Publication number
EP2737726A1
EP2737726A1 EP12746056.6A EP12746056A EP2737726A1 EP 2737726 A1 EP2737726 A1 EP 2737726A1 EP 12746056 A EP12746056 A EP 12746056A EP 2737726 A1 EP2737726 A1 EP 2737726A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channel
audio signal
channels
processing
surround
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12746056.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Roth
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2737726A1 publication Critical patent/EP2737726A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • H04S3/002—Non-adaptive circuits, e.g. manually adjustable or static, for enhancing the sound image or the spatial distribution
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • H04S3/002—Non-adaptive circuits, e.g. manually adjustable or static, for enhancing the sound image or the spatial distribution
    • H04S3/004—For headphones

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing audio signals, an audio reproduction system having at least two spatially-spaced loudspeakers, and a processing unit for processing audio signals.
  • Part of the spatial sensory perception consists in the spatial acoustic perception, the spatial hearing.
  • the position of a sound source in the environment is determined on the basis of the binaural (binaural) differences of the sound pressure on the one hand and the binaural time differences on the other hand. If a listener does not detect a transit time difference between a signal or noise perceived on the right and left ear, ie if the corresponding sound event simultaneously hits both ears of the person, then the sound source is perceived as lying ahead, ie in the direction of view. For example, in the case of sound signals incident obliquely from the front, that part of the signal which is perceived by the ear facing away from the sound source must run around a part of the head circumference before the signal is perceived at this ear.
  • the explained psychoacoustic phenomena take advantage of multi-channel sound systems.
  • the oldest and best-known multi-channel sound system is the stereophonic, which comes with two speakers.
  • a further development is the Quadrophonie, which works with four speakers.
  • This technically insignificant technology is an important predecessor technology for today's surround sound systems, such as the well-known 5.1 or 7.1 surround systems.
  • FIG. 1 shows by way of example a schematic loudspeaker arrangement 3 of a 5.1 surround system.
  • This includes in addition to a right and a left main speaker R, L arranged in the direction of the listener H center speaker C and a right and a left, arranged in the back of the handset H, surround speakers RS, LS.
  • the right and left main speakers R, L are arranged at an angle of + 30 ° and - 30 ° to a center axis A.
  • the surround speakers RS, LS are arranged at an angle between + 100 ° and + 120 ° or - 100 ° and - 120 ° with respect to the center axis A.
  • the loudspeakers R, C, L, RS, LS of the surround system are provided with separate, i. controlled different signals or channels.
  • a spatial sound field can be generated by running time and intensity differences between the individual channels.
  • the latter perceives a phantom sound source.
  • This virtual sound source perceives the listener H lying between the actually radiating speakers.
  • such a phantom sound source can be located at any position within a panorama plane spanned by the loudspeakers R, C, L, RS, LS.
  • stereo rendering eg, via headphones
  • audio source having a plurality of surround channels may encounter problems in reduction to two stereo channels, so-called "downmixing.”
  • a solution proposed by US 2010/0166238 A1 follows The first step is to first frequency filter the individual channels of the surround signal, which is derived from the head-related transfer function (HRTF), and then delay and mix each channel of the surround signal. Channels, a stereo signal is obtained which has a virtual surround sound.
  • HRTF head-related transfer function
  • the individual channels of the surround signal are played back via separate speakers.
  • the surround sound experience resulting from the binaural propagation time and intensity differences is optimally ensured within the so-called "sweet spot.”
  • the listener H shown in FIG. 1 is in an optimal position within this "sweet spot", which however is quite small.
  • the spatial sound experience is sometimes unstable with respect to head movements of the listener H. Even the smallest head movements lead to localization problems and distortions of sound, since the propagation times and intensities of the individual signals reproduced by the loudspeakers R, C, L, RS, LS change to the ears of the listener H. It can cause so-called comb filter effects.
  • a signal with a time-delayed copy of the same is additively superimposed, a comb-filtered signal is produced. Erasures of individual frequencies or frequency groups take place. Even small head turns as well as back and forth movements of the head lead to a significant instability with respect to the localization of the phantom sound source. In particular, phantom sound sources on the side seem to "jump" forward and backward even with slight head movements, because the perceived runtime and level differences change considerably, and this irritating effect ensures that lateral sources are perceived as less stable and rather fleeting.
  • the object of the invention is to specify a method for processing an audio signal, an audio reproduction system and a processing unit for processing audio signals, which is improved over the problems known in the prior art.
  • a method for processing an audio signal comprises at least a first and a second channel.
  • the first channel can be delayed by a predetermined delay factor.
  • a volume level of the first channel can be attenuated by a predetermined attenuation factor. This attenuated and time-delayed first channel may be mixed with the second channel to provide a second channel of the audio signal for reproduction.
  • channel refers to the audio signal of the channel in question, which is attenuated and time-delayed and added to the audio signal of another channel, but for reasons of easier readability, only one channel will be discussed below
  • attenuated and time-delayed refer to the signal of the corresponding channel in its original form intended to be reproduced, ie this signal is attenuated and time-delayed relative to its original form the method is applied to audio signals intended to be reproduced in a multi-channel audio reproduction system, eg, a surround system, but in a minimum configuration it is sufficient if only two spatially spaced speakers of one such Multichannel system considered and changed according to the features mentioned.
  • the concept is not limited to audio reproduction systems whose loudspeakers are arranged in a two-dimensional panorama plane. It can be extended in the same way to audio playback systems, which may include additional speakers, which are arranged at a distance from the panoramic plane. These additional loudspeakers can span further reproduction planes which are to be treated in the same way as the horizontal panorama plane with respect to the mentioned features of the method. The same applies to vertical planes in such a three-dimensional audio system.
  • the rejections of sound signals occurring in real spaces e.g. on walls or ceiling, which are typically time delayed and attenuated with respect to the original form of the signal, are at least partially replicated.
  • the method is not limited to real sound sources in real rooms. It works equally well for synthetic or virtual sound sources.
  • the method advantageously effects a spatial and localization stabilization of punctiform and three-dimensional phantom sound sources.
  • These phantom sound sources may be in a stationary state or in a moved state.
  • the sources are in the case of speaker playback by the method significantly less sensitive to head movements and changes in the listening point, in other words, the "sweet spot" can be increased.
  • the method can be used at any time in the production process or even at the end user and regardless of the recording, playback method and medium used (such as CD-ROM, DVD-Video, DVD-Audio, BlueRay, etc.). It is also possible to divide the individual process steps and perform separated at different points of the production process or at the end user.
  • the method may e.g. be realized by appropriate Mikrophonticianstechniken, hardware and / or software or by room acoustics.
  • a implementation implemented in hardware and / or software is particularly suitable.
  • the method can be performed by an audio playback system; In turn, it offers a hardware and / or software implementation.
  • the method according to aspects of the invention may be used for improved localization, particularly of moving sources.
  • the audio signal may comprise a multiplicity of channels. These are preferred for playback via a
  • This may be one for quadrophony or its successor techniques, e.g. Surround 5.1 or 7.1, dts, etc., act appropriate speaker arrangement.
  • a first and a second channel of the audio signal can be mixed.
  • Speaker assembly may be provided, the each other with respect to a
  • the audio signal comprises at least four audio channels for reproduction via loudspeakers of this loudspeaker arrangement.
  • a loudspeaker of this loudspeaker arrangement can be provided in a quadrant of a coordinate system, which is formed by a first mirror axis, which is oriented in the direction of a center axis, and by a second mirror axis oriented transversely thereto.
  • the first and the second channel may be provided for those speakers which are in are provided with respect to the first or second mirror axis adjacent quadrant.
  • an improved stability of the localization can be achieved, in particular in the lateral area.
  • This improved so-called lateral stability can e.g. can be achieved by mirroring the channels present in such an audio reproduction system at the center axis as a first mirror axis and mixing them with the channels of the loudspeakers opposite the center axis.
  • Another option is to mix the channels of the front main speakers with those of the surround back speakers.
  • the signals are mirrored on a second mirror axis.
  • a mirror "back to front” possible, i. the channels of the surround speakers are mixed with those of the main speakers.
  • the audio signal preferably comprises at least two pairs of stereo channels, which in pairs yield a first and a second stereo image.
  • a first and a second channel of the first stereo image can each be time-delayed by a predetermined delay factor and the volume level of the first and second channel of the first stereo image can each be attenuated by a predetermined attenuation factor.
  • These attenuated and time-delayed stereo channels of the first stereo image may be mixed with the corresponding first and second stereo channels of the second stereo image to provide a stereo image intended for display.
  • the speaker assembly comprises at least right and left main speakers and right and left surround speakers disposed on the right and left of a center axis
  • the channels of the main and surround speakers arranged on one side of the center axis may be included the channels of the main and surround speakers facing away from the center axis.
  • the stereo image of the right main and surround speakers can be mixed with the stereo image of the left main and surround speakers.
  • the originally intended for the right side stereo image is weakened and delayed, so now from the left Loudspeakers both the channels provided for these as well as the attenuated and time-delayed right channels can be played.
  • the channels of the main loudspeakers can be mixed with the channels of the surround loudspeakers located on the same side of the center axis. This creates a reflection of the front stereo image to the rear (ie to the surround speakers) and vice versa.
  • the monosum of individual loudspeakers which have a common correlation eg form a common stereo plane, can also be mirrored.
  • a monosum may be formed from the first and the second stereo channels of one of the two stereo images. This monosum can be delayed by a predetermined delay factor.
  • the volume level of the mono sum can be attenuated by a predetermined attenuation factor. This attenuated and time-delayed monosum may be mixed into the first and / or second stereo channels of the second channel to provide a second channel for reproduction.
  • the audio signal comprising at least four audio channels for reproduction via loudspeakers of this loudspeaker arrangement can be correspondingly mixed.
  • the monosum of the channels of the main speakers can be mixed with one or both channels of the surround speakers.
  • the mono sum of the channels of a main loudspeaker located on a first side of the center axis and a surround loudspeaker located on the same side of the center axis can be mixed with one or both of the main and surround loudspeakers facing each other with respect to the center axis.
  • the mono sum can be mirrored sideways, ie "from right to left” or vice versa, as well as from “front to back” and vice versa.
  • the delay is preferably between 1, 5 ms and 20 ms.
  • Further delay values may preferably be between 8 ms and 10 ms.
  • a delay of 10 ms can be selected.
  • the attenuation of the signal may be between -3 dB and -12 dB, preferably between -6 dB and -9 dB, but also exactly -6 dB or -9 dB.
  • the stated values can also be adapted to the hearing situation.
  • the size of the space used for the reproduction and the desired size of the "sweet-spot" may play a role, for example the choice of delay and attenuation used in a movie theater will be different than for an individually used audio system
  • the speaker setting used which takes into account, for example, the distance of the loudspeakers to the listener, the type of arrangement of the loudspeakers and the distance between the loudspeakers, can be taken into account in the choice of the delay and attenuation used.
  • an audio playback system having at least two spaced apart loudspeakers and a processing unit for processing an audio signal.
  • the audio signal comprises at least a first and a second channel, which are provided for reproduction via different of the spatially-spaced loudspeakers.
  • the processing unit may be configured to time-delay the first channel by a predetermined delay factor and to attenuate a volume level of the first channel by a predetermined attenuation factor. This attenuated and time-delayed first channel may be mixed with the second channel to provide a second channel of the audio signal for reproduction.
  • a processing unit for processing audio signals comprises an input for receiving an audio signal having at least two channels and a unit for processing the audio signal.
  • This unit can be implemented by both hardware and software. It is preferably designed to time-delay the first channel by a predetermined delay factor and to attenuate a volume level of the first channel by a predetermined attenuation factor. This attenuated and time-delayed first channel can be added to the second channel in order to provide at an output of the processing unit a second channel of the audio signal intended for reproduction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the loudspeaker arrangement of a 5.1 surround system, according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 to 5 show the mixing and coupling of individual channels, as is done in an audio system according to various embodiments
  • FIG. FIG. 6 shows a 3D loudspeaker arrangement of an audio system according to a further exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an audio playback system according to one embodiment.
  • a right and a left main speaker R, L are arranged at an angle of + 30 ° and -30 °, respectively, with respect to a center axis A.
  • the system may include a center speaker C, which may be supplemented by a subwoofer.
  • a right and left surround speakers RS, LS which are arranged at an angle between + 100 ° and + 120 ° or - 100 ° and - 120 ° with respect to the center axis A.
  • the handset H is located in the center of the loudspeaker arrangement 3, where the "sweet spot" lies, in which a spatial listening experience can be optimally perceived shown speaker assembly 3 may be part of an audio playback system 2, as shown in FIG. 7 is shown; its operation will be described with reference to the following FIG. 2 to 5 explained.
  • the channel of the right main speaker R delayed and attenuated on the left main speaker L is placed.
  • both the channel intended for it e.g., the left stereo channel
  • the attenuated and delayed stereo channel of the right main speaker R can be reproduced.
  • the right surround RS speaker whose signal is attenuated and delayed with the left surround loudspeaker LS.
  • the channels of the main or surround speakers R, L, RS, LS at the center axis A which corresponds to a first mirror axis SA, are mirrored taking into account the attenuation and time delay.
  • the attenuation factor AT by which the channel of the right main loudspeaker R or the channel of the right surround loudspeaker RS is attenuated, is for example -9 dB.
  • the time delay with which the channel of the right main loudspeaker R or the channel of the right surround loudspeaker RS is placed on the loudspeakers opposite to the center axis A, namely the left main loudspeaker L and the left surround loudspeaker LS, respectively is determined by a delay factor D, the example May be 10 ms.
  • the stereo images STR, STL are each indicated by a connecting line between the main and surround speakers R-RS, L-LS.
  • the channel of the left main loudspeaker L can also be reversed to the channel of the right main loudspeaker R and the channel of the left surround loudspeaker LS to the channel of the right surround loudspeaker.
  • Speaker RS be admixed. These channels are attenuated by the attenuation factor L and delayed by the delay factor D.
  • the audio reproduction system 2 has an enlarged sweet-spot compared with known systems, so that the spatial sound reproduction or the spatial sound impression becomes more tolerant to a forward and backward movement and to a rotation of the head of the earphone H. Stabilized so that phantom sound sources, which are in the range of + 90 ° or - 90 °, can be localized better and unwanted and irritating "jumping" of these phantom sound sources can be prevented.
  • the attenuation of the channels is preferably chosen so large that the audio signals of the mirrored channels are not consciously perceived in the mixed signal. In other words, the listener H consciously takes e.g.
  • the delay and attenuation values D, AT are preferably selected such that the respective projected, i. in FIG. 1 at the first mirror axis SA1 mirrored, attenuated and delayed audio signal is not consciously perceived at least in the sweet spot. In combination with the selected time delay, this creates an acoustic impression that comes very close to the listening experience in real rooms - in which acoustic reflections always occur.
  • the channel of the right and that of the left main speaker R, L attenuated and time-delayed with the respective channel of the right and left surround speakers RS, LS mixed. If both the channel of the right and the channel of the left main speaker R, L mirrored at the second mirror axis SA2 and the channels of the surround speakers RS, LS mixed, in other words, the front stereo image STV mirrored to the rear and the rear stereo image STH of the surround speakers RS, LS added.
  • the front and rear stereo image STV, STH are through Connecting lines between the main speakers RL and the surround speakers RS-LS indicated.
  • the channels of the front main speakers R, L can be mixed with the channels of the surround back speakers RS, LS, of course, and vice versa, if necessary, the channels of the surround back speakers RS, LS those of the front Main speakers R, L are mixed. If this is done for the right as well as for the left channel, then the rear stereo image STH is mirrored at the second mirror axis SA2 as well as the front one and mixed with the front stereo image STV - time delayed and attenuated.
  • the values for the delay D and the attenuation AT at which the channels are mirrored at the first and second mirror axes SA1 and SA2, respectively, may be the same or different.
  • the delay values D are preferably between 1.5 ms and 20 ms. Further preferred limits for the delay D are 8 ms and 15 ms and 8 ms and 10 ms. In addition, the delay D may preferably be 10 ms.
  • the attenuation factor AT may preferably be between -3 dB and -12 dB. A further preferred interval is between -6 dB and -9 dB. In addition, the attenuation factor AT may preferably be -6 dB or -9 dB.
  • the values for the delay D and the attenuation AT are to be adapted to the loudspeaker arrangement 3 used, wherein in particular the distance of the loudspeakers R, L, RS, LS to the listener H has to be considered.
  • the corresponding stereo image STL, STR, STV or STH can be mirrored at the corresponding mirror axis SA1 or SA2.
  • a monosum formed from two channels of the audio signal can also be attenuated and mirrored with a time delay at one of the mirror axes SA1 or SA2. Corresponding embodiments will be described with reference to FIG. 4 and 5 explained.
  • a right mono sum MR is formed from the channel of the right main speaker R and the right surround speaker RS. This is attenuated by a damping factor AT and delayed by a delay factor D.
  • the resulting signal can, as indicated by corresponding arrows, the channel of the left main speaker L and / or the left surround loudspeaker LS. The same applies to the channels of the left main loudspeaker L and the left surround loudspeaker LS.
  • the formed left mono sum ML can be attenuated and added to the channel of the right main loudspeaker R and / or the channel of the right surround loudspeaker RS with time delay.
  • LS both the channel provided for this loudspeaker and the monosum of the center axis A which corresponds to the first mirror axis SA1 can be selected, opposite main and surround speakers L and LS or R and RS.
  • the attenuation or delay factors AT, D used are again preferably in the abovementioned ranges.
  • the values used can again correspond to those of the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 2 and 3 correspond or deviate from these.
  • FIG. 4 illustrated audio playback system 2 a significant stabilization of the page localization can be achieved.
  • the monosum is also mirrored on the second mirror axis SP2. This will be explained with reference to FIG 5.
  • L From the channels of the right and left main speakers R, L a front mono sum MV is formed. This is attenuated by a damping factor AT and delayed by a delay factor D.
  • the resulting signal can, as indicated by corresponding arrows, be added to the channel of the rear left and / or right surround speakers LS and RS.
  • the rear mono sum MH formed from these channels can be attenuated and added to the channel of the right and / or left main loudspeakers R and L with a time delay.
  • both the channel provided for this speaker and the mirrored with respect to the second mirror axis SA2 monosum of the opposite main and Surround speakers L and R or LS and RS.
  • the aforementioned embodiments relate to surround systems, which for spatial acoustic reproduction in a 2D panorama plane are suitable.
  • the audio reproduction system 2 according to embodiments of the invention can be easily extended to 3D surround systems while maintaining the same rules for the coupling of at least two channels.
  • a corresponding loudspeaker arrangement 3 is shown in a simplified perspective view in FIG. 6 shown.
  • this loudspeaker arrangement 3 are - spatially considered - above (possibly also below, not shown) of the main and surround speakers R, L, RS, LS more main or surround speakers R *, L *, RS * , LS *.
  • the listening experience in this case extends to the third dimension.
  • the phantom sound source P is above the relevant level.
  • the method explained above with reference to various embodiments can now be used not only in the e.g. be performed on the head height of the listener lying panoramic level. It may equally well be located in a further plane above or below this panorama plane, e.g. in the upper layer defined by the main and surround speakers R *, L *, RS *, LS *.
  • an improved 3D surround sound impression can be achieved.
  • multiple levels can be considered. If the method according to aspects of the invention is performed instead of in a multi-level, e.g. instead of a horizontal or vertical stereo image, an image of the phantom sound source P (as indicated by a corresponding arrow) is attenuated and mirrored with a time delay onto the opposite side.
  • FIG. 7 shows a simplified schematic view of an audio playback system 2 according to one embodiment.
  • a main unit 4 eg a CD or DVD player, may be suitable for generating an audio signal comprising a plurality of channels.
  • the channels are amplified by a suitable output stage and coupled into the loudspeakers R, L, RS, LS connected to the main unit 4.
  • the main unit 4 also comprises a processing unit 6, which may be designed to time delay and attenuate at least one channel of the audio signal generated by the main unit 4 to mix with another channel, so that the mixture or coupling of the audio channels described with reference to the previous figures can be achieved.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement d'un signal audio, un système de reproduction audio et une unité de traitement servant au traitement de signaux audio. Le signal audio comprend au moins un premier canal et un deuxième canal, le premier canal étant retardé d'un facteur de retard prédéfini et un niveau de volume du premier canal étant affaibli d'un facteur d'atténuation prédéfini. Ce premier canal affaibli et retardé est mélangé avec le deuxième canal afin de fournir un deuxième canal du signal audio prévu pour la reproduction.
EP12746056.6A 2011-07-29 2012-07-25 Procédé de traitement d'un signal audio, système de reproduction audio et unité de traitement servant au traitement de signaux audio Withdrawn EP2737726A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011108788A DE102011108788B4 (de) 2011-07-29 2011-07-29 Verfahren zur Verarbeitung eines Audiosignals, Audiowiedergabesystem und Verarbeitungseinheit zur Bearbeitung von Audiosignalen
PCT/EP2012/064587 WO2013017502A1 (fr) 2011-07-29 2012-07-25 Procédé de traitement d'un signal audio, système de reproduction audio et unité de traitement servant au traitement de signaux audio

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EP2737726A1 true EP2737726A1 (fr) 2014-06-04

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US (1) US9402143B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2737726A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011108788B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013017502A1 (fr)

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US9551161B2 (en) 2014-11-30 2017-01-24 Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation Theater entrance
ES2912803T3 (es) 2014-11-30 2022-05-27 Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corp Diseño de sala de gran formato vinculado a redes sociales

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JP2002191099A (ja) * 2000-09-26 2002-07-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 信号処理装置
US7164768B2 (en) * 2001-06-21 2007-01-16 Bose Corporation Audio signal processing
US7756275B2 (en) * 2004-09-16 2010-07-13 1602 Group Llc Dynamically controlled digital audio signal processor
JP4779381B2 (ja) * 2005-02-25 2011-09-28 ヤマハ株式会社 アレースピーカ装置
KR101496760B1 (ko) 2008-12-29 2015-02-27 삼성전자주식회사 서라운드 사운드 가상화 방법 및 장치

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US9402143B2 (en) 2016-07-26
WO2013017502A1 (fr) 2013-02-07
US20140219457A1 (en) 2014-08-07
DE102011108788B4 (de) 2013-04-04
DE102011108788A1 (de) 2013-01-31

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