EP2737263A2 - Systèmes de chauffage, de ventilation et de climatisation - Google Patents
Systèmes de chauffage, de ventilation et de climatisationInfo
- Publication number
- EP2737263A2 EP2737263A2 EP12746184.6A EP12746184A EP2737263A2 EP 2737263 A2 EP2737263 A2 EP 2737263A2 EP 12746184 A EP12746184 A EP 12746184A EP 2737263 A2 EP2737263 A2 EP 2737263A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- point
- pump
- temperature
- return air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001481798 Stochomys longicaudatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/85—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using variable-flow pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
Definitions
- FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional HVAC system.
- the system 100 includes a heat pump 101 , fluid pump 102, three-way valve 103, and a plurality of fan-coil units (FCUs) 120.
- Each fan coil unit may include a proportional valve 104 and variable speed fan-coil heat exchanger 105.
- a working fluid may flow through each component to provide cooling or heating according to well-known manners.
- the working fluid may be any suitable working fluid or refrigerant, including water.
- the heat pump 101 provides heating or cooling according to a predetermined or user-defined fixed-value of leaving water temperature (LWT).
- the heat pump adjusts cooling capacity based on entering water temperature (EWT) and LWT in order to maintain the associated LWT.
- the water pump 102 controls water flow based on pressure drop across the fan-coil units 120.
- the three-way valve 103 by-passes surplus water flow to maintain minimum water flow required by heat pump 101 .
- the valve position and the fan speed of each FCU may be used for controlling a different conditioned space's temperature.
- a system includes a heat pump configured to match a working fluid's temperature to a fluid temperature set-point, a fluid pump in fluid communication with the heat pump through the working fluid and configured to match the working fluid's pressure to a fluid pressure set-point, at least one heat exchanger in fluid communication with the fluid pump, and a supervisory controller in signal communication with the at least one heat exchanger, the fluid pump, and the heat pump.
- the at least one heat exchanger includes a proportional valve and a return air temperature gauge configured to monitor return air temperature associated therewith.
- the supervisory controller is configured to vary the fluid temperature set-point and vary the fluid pressure set- point based upon a position of the proportional valve and the return air temperature.
- a method of HVAC system control includes monitoring valve positions of proportional valves associated with individual heat exchangers of the HVAC system, monitoring return air temperatures associated with the individual heat exchangers of the HVAC system, determining a new fluid pressure set-point and a new fluid temperature pressure set-point for the HVAC system based upon the monitoring, and providing the new fluid pressure set-point and the new fluid temperature set-point to the HVAC system.
- FIG. 1 depicts a convention HVAC system
- FIG. 2 depicts a HVAC system, according to an exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 3 depicts a control schematic of a HVAC system, according to an exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 4 depicts a dead-band coordination scheme for a HVAC system, according to an exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 5 depicts a method of control of a HVAC system, according to an exemplary embodiment.
- exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide a control method for providing changes to preconfigured set-points of a HVAC system.
- LWT set-points for a heat pump and delta pressure (DP) set-points of a fluid pump are altered in real-time based on temperature and valve position feedback from local FCU controllers of the HVAC system.
- an HVAC system's load is estimated based on the local FCU controller information such that proper floating set-points for LWT and DP can be calculated to ensure a required capacity may be generated to relatively quickly match the HVAC system's load.
- the technical benefits of exemplary embodiments include energy savings throughout both cooling and heating cycles of an entire HVAC system.
- the HVAC system includes heat pump 201 .
- the heat pump 201 may be any suitable heat pump configured to exchange heat with an energy reservoir, for example, an external air source or water source.
- the system 200 further includes fluid pump 202 in fluid communication with the heat pump 201 .
- the heat pump 201 provides a working fluid at a configured LWT to the fluid pump 202 for distribution throughout the system 200.
- the distribution is facilitated with three-way valve 203, which is arranged in fluid communication with both the fluid pump 202 and the heat pump 201 .
- the system 200 includes a plurality of local fan- coil units 220 in fluid communication with the three-way valve 203 and the heat pump 201 .
- Each fan-coil unit of the plurality of fan-coil units 220 includes at least a fluid valve 204 and a fan-coil heat exchanger 205.
- the system 200 includes supervisory controller 210 in signal communication with the heat pump 201 , the fluid pump 202, and each fan-coil unit of the plurality of fan-coil units 220.
- Each fan-coil unit of the plurality of fan-coil units is arranged to provide conditioned air or fluid to a conditioned space.
- each fan-coil unit of the plurality of fan-coil units is configured to provide feedback information associated with a respective valve's position and conditioned space's return air temperature (RAT) to the supervisory controller 210.
- RAT conditioned space's return air temperature
- the supervisory controller 210 is configured to process information received from each fan-coil unit to determine an appropriate ALWT and ⁇ . Further, the supervisory controller may be embodied as a processing apparatus, computer processor, or any other programmable processing device configured to perform method of HVAC system control as described herein, including processing of the ALWT and ⁇ values.
- the ALWT and ⁇ values are provided to the heat pump 201 and the fluid pump 202, or are added to default values and provided to the heat pump 201 and fluid pump 202.
- control logic associated with the supervisory controller 210 and the HVAC system 200 is illustrated in more detail.
- the controller 210 includes coordination logic 301 configured to process RAT and valve position information from local fan-coil units 220.
- the RAT and valve position information is processed to determine if a LWT and/or DP error exists, or more clearly, if an adjustment to the LWT of the heat pump and/or the DP of the fluid pump is desirable.
- valve position and/or RAT taken across the fan-coil units 220 exceed upper or lower bounds of associated DP and LWT dead-bands, an error or other suitable signal is provided to proportional integral derivative (PID) controllers 302 and 304.
- PID proportional integral derivative
- a coordination map between a valve and fan may be pre-defined and the valve is used to control RAT. Therefore, valve opening and RAT information may be considered a load indicator for a local zone. If valve opening (e.g., position) and RAT information is taken as a weighted average across all fan-coil units, appropriate dead-bands may be determined and used to coordinate the error signals.
- a valve target set-point may be set as V 3 for the HVAC system.
- a V ⁇ - V 4 dead-band may be appropriate for PI_DP controller 304 and a V 2 - V 5 dead-band may be appropriate for PI_LWT controller 302.
- the PI_DP controller 304 and the PI_LWT controller 302 may receive associated error signals DP err and LWT err .
- V ⁇ - V 5 it should be understood that any appropriate values may be equally suitable according to any HVAC system implementation.
- the PID controllers 302 and 304 process the error signals to determine an appropriate or desirable change in LWT and/or DP settings for the HVAC system 200.
- the change in LWT and/or DP settings may be limited by associated limiters 303 and 305 to maximum/minimum values and combined with default set- points to create new set-points for the HVAC system 200.
- the new set-points are subsequently provided to the heat pump 201 and fluid pump 202.
- limiters 303 and 305 may be omitted with appropriately limited values being provided directly from controllers 302 and 304.
- a default DP sp 100 kPa
- DP sp will be floating within 100- ⁇ -100 kPa based on different loads.
- FIG. 5 a method of control of the HVAC system 200 is provided. The method 500 may be processed by the supervisory controller 210 according to the schematic control scheme illustrated in FIGS. 3-4.
- the method 500 includes monitoring RAT and valve information from the fan-coil units 220, at block 501 .
- the method 500 further includes determining a weighted value for each fan-coil unit based upon the RAT and valve information at block 502.
- the weighted values may be determined according to Table 1 , provided below:
- weight ] 1 + (RAT_err[l] - lowThreshold) * w1 ; ⁇ //endif
- valvePosition ] > valveThreshold and RAT_err[i] > mediumThreshold and RAT_err[i] ⁇ highThreshold
- valveOpennessp > valveThreshold and RAT_err[i] > highThreshold
- weight ] Constant + lowThreshold * w1 + mediumThreshold * w2 + (RAT_err[l] - highThreshold) * w3;
- N is the number of FCUs
- RAT_err is a variance in RAT from an associated target RAT.
- w1 , w2, w3 are predetermined weight values chosen based on increasing error.
- the Constant may be any appropriate base integer suitable for a range of weighted values.
- the supervisory controller may actually consider comfort information such that enough cooling/heating capacity is provided.
- a new LWT and/or DP set-points are determined at block 505. Thereafter, the new set-points are provided to the heat pump 201 and fluid pump 202 at block 506, and the RAT and valve information are monitored again at block 501 .
- the method 500 further monitors RAT and valve information at block 501 .
- exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide HVAC systems and associated control methods which enhance energy efficiency through real-time adjustment of heat pump and fluid pump set- points.
- LWT and DP set-points are adjusted based on an HVAC system's load.
- energy savings are increased in partial loads, which consist of majority of operational time of HVAC systems.
- any other suitable variables in a HVAC system may be monitored to determine new set-points.
- other adjustable variables including mass flow, air flow, or any other suitable set-point may be equally applicable to exemplary embodiments.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161513532P | 2011-07-29 | 2011-07-29 | |
PCT/US2012/048274 WO2013019537A2 (fr) | 2011-07-29 | 2012-07-26 | Systèmes de chauffage, de ventilation et de climatisation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2737263A2 true EP2737263A2 (fr) | 2014-06-04 |
EP2737263B1 EP2737263B1 (fr) | 2016-04-27 |
Family
ID=46650893
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12746184.6A Not-in-force EP2737263B1 (fr) | 2011-07-29 | 2012-07-26 | Systèmes de chauffage, de ventilation et de climatisation |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9885489B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2737263B1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2584409T3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013019537A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
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US9535411B2 (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2017-01-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Cloud enabled building automation system |
JP5447627B1 (ja) * | 2012-09-26 | 2014-03-19 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 熱源システム制御装置 |
EP3076090B1 (fr) * | 2015-03-30 | 2018-01-31 | Siemens Schweiz AG | Commande de chauffage, ventilation, climatisation |
US9851727B2 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2017-12-26 | Carrier Corporation | Coordinated control of HVAC system using aggregated system demand |
US10670292B2 (en) | 2016-03-03 | 2020-06-02 | Carrier Corporation | Fluid pressure calibration in climate control system |
CN110168460B (zh) | 2017-01-05 | 2022-09-02 | 江森自控科技公司 | 集成式智能执行器和阀装置 |
CN109163375B (zh) * | 2018-09-11 | 2023-09-26 | 哈尔滨顺易天翔热力技术开发有限公司 | 供热全网平衡自寻优控制系统及方法 |
US20200309394A1 (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-10-01 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Hvac unit utilizing selectively modulated flow rates with hot gas reheat circuit |
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2012
- 2012-07-26 WO PCT/US2012/048274 patent/WO2013019537A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2012-07-26 EP EP12746184.6A patent/EP2737263B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-07-26 US US14/235,499 patent/US9885489B2/en active Active
- 2012-07-26 ES ES12746184.6T patent/ES2584409T3/es active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2013019537A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013019537A2 (fr) | 2013-02-07 |
WO2013019537A3 (fr) | 2013-10-10 |
EP2737263B1 (fr) | 2016-04-27 |
ES2584409T3 (es) | 2016-09-27 |
CN103717984A (zh) | 2014-04-09 |
US20140158783A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
US9885489B2 (en) | 2018-02-06 |
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