EP2725110B1 - Creep resistant rhenium-free nickel based superalloy - Google Patents

Creep resistant rhenium-free nickel based superalloy Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2725110B1
EP2725110B1 EP12190156.5A EP12190156A EP2725110B1 EP 2725110 B1 EP2725110 B1 EP 2725110B1 EP 12190156 A EP12190156 A EP 12190156A EP 2725110 B1 EP2725110 B1 EP 2725110B1
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Prior art keywords
nickel
content
based alloy
matrix
alloy
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2725110A1 (en
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Ralf RETTIG
Robert F. Singer
Harald Helmer
Steffen Neumeier
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MTU Aero Engines AG
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MTU Aero Engines AG
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Priority to ES12190156.5T priority patent/ES2625825T3/en
Priority to US14/061,190 priority patent/US9580774B2/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/057Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being less 10%
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/056Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/28Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a nickel-base alloy which is substantially free of rhenium, but at the same time achieves the creep resistance properties of the second-generation nickel-base super alloys.
  • nickel-base superalloys are used, for example, as blade materials, since these materials still have sufficient strength for the high mechanical loads even at high operating temperatures.
  • turbine blades are exposed in stationary gas turbines or jet engines in airliners an exhaust gas flow at temperatures of up to 1500 ° C and at the same time are subject to very high mechanical loads due to centrifugal forces. Under these conditions, it is particularly important that the creep resistance of the material used meets the requirements.
  • turbine blades In order to further increase the creep resistance, turbine blades have also been produced monocrystalline for several decades in order to further improve creep resistance by avoiding grain boundaries.
  • the alloys In the nickel-base superalloys of the so-called second and third generation currently in use, the alloys usually have the chemical element rhenium in a proportion of three or six percent by weight, since rhenium further improves creep resistance.
  • the alloy should be economical and efficient to produce and in particular easily castable and monocrystalline or directionally solidified.
  • the invention is based on the finding that rhenium contributes to the nickel-base superalloys in particular for solid-solution hardening of the ⁇ -matrix of the nickel-base super alloys. In order to be able to replace rhenium effectively, therefore, an alloying component must be present, which takes on the task of solid solution hardening of rhenium.
  • the invention addresses this point and suggests that tungsten can be used as an efficient solid solution hardener in the alloy.
  • tungsten is usually present not only in the ⁇ -matrix of nickel-base superalloys, but also in the precipitated ⁇ '-phases, which are usually formed by Ni 3 Al or Ni 3 Ti or mixtures thereof. This is where the invention starts by proposing nickel-base super alloys in which the alloy composition is optimized under given boundary conditions in such a way that the tungsten content in the ⁇ matrix is greater than in the precipitated ⁇ 'phases.
  • the boundary condition is a chemical composition of the alloy with an aluminum content of 11 to 11.2 at.%, Cobalt of 9.1 to 9.3 at.%, Chromium of 6 to 6.2 at. %, Molybdenum from 0.85 to 1.0 at.%, Tantalum from 3.3 to 3.5 at.%, Titanium from 1.5 to 1.7 at.%, Tungsten from 2.8 up to 3 at .-% and the rest nickel and unavoidable Impurities is given.
  • Such an alloy should continue to have as boundary condition a solidus temperature of more than 1320 ° C and the proportion of ⁇ '-phase should in the range of 40 to 50 vol .-%, in particular 44 to 46 vol .-% at a temperature in the range from 1050 ° C to 1100 ° C.
  • it should be stipulated as a boundary condition that the ⁇ / ⁇ 'mismatch at temperatures of 1050 ° C to 1100 ° C is in the range of -0.15% to -0.25%.
  • the ⁇ / ⁇ 'mismatch is defined as the normalized difference of the lattice constants of the two phases ⁇ and ⁇ ': a ⁇ ' - a ⁇ 1 / 2 * a ⁇ ' + a ⁇
  • the composition is selected such that the proportion of tungsten in the ⁇ matrix is greater than in the ⁇ 'phase.
  • An alloy having such a composition with a correspondingly high tungsten content in the ⁇ -matrix has the required mechanical strength at high temperatures and in particular the required creep resistance.
  • the composition of the alloy can be varied within the specified limits.
  • the alloy composition can be chosen so that at a temperature of 1050 ° C to 1100 ° C, the tungsten content in the ⁇ -matrix is ⁇ 3.5 at .-%.
  • the chemical composition is chosen so that the tungsten content in the ⁇ -matrix is maximum.
  • the tantalum content and the titanium content can be adjusted together to a value of ⁇ 3 at .-%, preferably ⁇ 4.5 at .-%, in particular ⁇ 5 at .-%.
  • a nickel-based alloy according to the present invention may have the following chemical composition: as well as the balance of nickel and unavoidable impurities.
  • the sulfur content may be limited to values of 2 ppm, in particular 1 ppm (parts per million) of sulfur and below in order to further improve the mechanical properties.
  • alloy according to the invention in particular articles, such as components of gas turbines, preferably turbine blades, and the like can be produced, which can be formed monocrystalline or directionally solidified.
  • the attached figure shows a Larson - Miller plot to illustrate the creep resistance of the alloy according to the invention in comparison with known alloys and a comparative alloy.
  • an alloy was prepared, the composition of which can be taken from the following table (Alloy 3). Alloys 1 and 2 were chosen as comparison alloys, alloy 1 being essentially of the same chemical composition as CMSX - 4 and alloy 2 being an alloy of a similar composition to CMSX - 4 but reduced by rhenium is. The constituents of the alloys are given in the table in percent by weight. alloy al Co Cr Not a word Ta Ti W re Hf Ni Alloy 1 5.6 9.0 6.5 0.6 6.5 1.0 6.0 3.0 0.1 rest Alloy 2 6.1 8.9 5.3 1.0 6.7 0.0 6.2 0.0 0.0 rest Alloy 3 4.8 8.6 5 1.4 10.1 1.3 8.8 0.0 0.0 rest
  • the alloy 3 according to the invention has a creep resistance similar to that of alloy 1, that of a nickel-base super alloy the second generation.
  • Alloy 2 has a much lower creep resistance, which is due to the lack of rhenium content and the lack of optimization of the alloy composition according to the present invention.
  • the teachings of the present invention can provide nickel-base superalloys that can dispense with the poorly-available element rhenium, yet provide high-temperature mechanical properties such as creep resistance, such as known rhenium-containing alloys.

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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Description

HINTERGRUND DER ERFINDUNGBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION GEBIET DER ERFINDUNGFIELD OF THE INVENTION

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Nickelbasislegierung, die im Wesentlichen frei von Rhenium ist, aber gleichzeitig die Eigenschaften hinsichtlich der Kriechbeständigkeit der Nickelbasissuperlegierungen der zweiten Generation erreicht.The present invention relates to a nickel-base alloy which is substantially free of rhenium, but at the same time achieves the creep resistance properties of the second-generation nickel-base super alloys.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

In Gasturbinen, wie stationären Gasturbinen oder Flugtriebwerken, werden Nickelbasis-Superlegierungen beispielsweise als Schaufelwerkstoffe eingesetzt, da diese Werkstoffe auch bei den hohen Betriebstemperaturen noch eine ausreichende Festigkeit für die hohen mechanischen Belastungen aufweisen. Beispielsweise werden Turbinenschaufeln bei stationären Gasturbinen oder Strahltriebwerken in Flugverkehrsflugzeugen einem Abgasstrom mit Temperaturen von bis zu 1500°C ausgesetzt und unterliegen gleichzeitig sehr hohen mechanischen Belastungen durch Fliehkräfte. Unter diesen Bedingungen kommt es insbesondere darauf an, dass die Kriechbeständigkeit des eingesetzten Werkstoffs den Anforderungen genügt. Um die Kriechbeständigkeit weiter zu steigern, werden seit einigen Jahrzenten Turbinenschaufeln auch einkristallin hergestellt, um durch die Vermeidung von Korngrenzen die Kriechbeständigkeit weiter zu verbessern.In gas turbines, such as stationary gas turbines or aircraft engines, nickel-base superalloys are used, for example, as blade materials, since these materials still have sufficient strength for the high mechanical loads even at high operating temperatures. For example, turbine blades are exposed in stationary gas turbines or jet engines in airliners an exhaust gas flow at temperatures of up to 1500 ° C and at the same time are subject to very high mechanical loads due to centrifugal forces. Under these conditions, it is particularly important that the creep resistance of the material used meets the requirements. In order to further increase the creep resistance, turbine blades have also been produced monocrystalline for several decades in order to further improve creep resistance by avoiding grain boundaries.

Bei den derzeit eingesetzten Nickelbasissuperlegierungen der sogenannten zweiten und dritten Generation weisen die Legierungen üblicherweise das chemische Element Rhenium auf, und zwar mit einem Anteil von drei bzw. sechs Gewichtsprozent, da Rhenium die Kriechbeständigkeit weiter verbessert.In the nickel-base superalloys of the so-called second and third generation currently in use, the alloys usually have the chemical element rhenium in a proportion of three or six percent by weight, since rhenium further improves creep resistance.

Allerdings ist durch die geringe Verfügbarkeit von Rhenium die Beimengung von Rhenium sehr teuer. Entsprechend gibt es im Stand der Technik bereits Bestrebungen den Anteil von Rhenium zu reduzieren bzw. ganz auf das Zulegieren von Rhenium zu verzichten, wobei gleichzeitig die mechanischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Kriechbeständigkeit, erhalten bleiben sollen. Untersuchungen hierzu gibt es von A. Heckl, S. Neumeier, M. Göken, R.F. Singer, "The effect of Re and Ru on γ/γ'microstructure, γ-solid solution strengthening and creep strength in nickel-base superalloys", in Material Science and Engineering A 528 (2011)3435-3444 und Paul J. Fink, Joshua L. Miller, Douglas G. Konitzer, "Rhenium Reduction - Alloy Design Using an Economically Strategic Element", JOM, 62(2010), 55-57 . Darüber hinaus sind auch entsprechende Legierungen Gegenstand von Patentanmeldungen, wie beispielsweise in der EP 2 305 847 A1 , EP 2 305 848 A1 , EP 2 314 727 A1 , US 2010/0135846 A1 , WO 2009/032578 A1 und WO 2009/032579 A1 .However, the low availability of rhenium, the addition of rhenium is very expensive. Accordingly, efforts are already being made in the prior art to reduce the proportion of rhenium or to completely dispense with the alloying of rhenium, at the same time preserving the mechanical properties, in particular with regard to creep resistance. Examinations are available from A. Heckl, S. Neumeier, M. Göken, RF Singer, "The Effect of Re and Ru on γ / γ'microstructure, γ-solid solution strengthening and creep strength in nickel-base superalloys", in Material Science and Engineering A 528 (2011) 3435-3444 and Paul J. Fink, Joshua L. Miller, Douglas G. Konitzer, "Rhenium Reduction - Alloy Design Using an Economically Strategic Element", JOM, 62 (2010), 55-57 , In addition, corresponding alloys are the subject of patent applications, such as in the EP 2 305 847 A1 . EP 2 305 848 A1 . EP 2 314 727 A1 . US 2010/0135846 A1 . WO 2009/032578 A1 and WO 2009/032579 A1 ,

Obwohl damit bereits einige Lösungsvorschläge für eine Rheniumreduzierung bzw. für rheniumfreie Nickelbasissuperlegierungen bestehen, besteht weiterhin Bedarf, rheniumreduzierte bzw. rheniumfreie Nickelbasissuperlegierungen zu entwickeln, deren mechanische Eigenschaften, insbesondere Hochtemperatureigenschaften, wie Kriechbeständigkeit, im Bereich der derzeit eingesetzten rheniumhaltigen Nickelbasissuperlegierungen liegen, bzw. den Einsatz bestimmter Elemente wie Hafnium vermeiden.Although there are already some proposed solutions for rhenium reduction or rhenium-free nickel base superalloys, there is still a need to develop rhenium-reduced or rhenium-free nickel-base superalloys whose mechanical properties, in particular high-temperature properties, such as Creep resistance, in the range of rhenium-containing nickel-based superalloys currently in use, or avoid the use of certain elements such as hafnium.

Weitere Legierungsbeispiele sind in der JP 2000 144289 A und der US 4 582 548 A gegeben.Further alloy examples are in the JP 2000 144289 A and the US 4,582,548 A given.

OFFENBARUNG DER ERFINDUNGDISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION AUFGABE DER ERFINDUNGOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Es ist deshalb Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Nickelbasissuperlegierung anzugeben, welche vergleichbare mechanische Eigenschaften, insbesondere Hochtemperatureigenschaften, wie Kriechbeständigkeit, wie derzeit eingesetzte Nickelbasissuperlegierungen der zweiten und dritten Generation aufweist, aber auf das Zulegieren des Elements Rhenium vollständig verzichtet. Darüber hinaus soll die Legierung wirtschaftlich und effizient herstellbar und insbesondere leicht gießbar sowie einkristallin oder gerichtet erstarrbar sein.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a nickel-base superalloy which has comparable mechanical properties, in particular high-temperature properties, such as creep resistance, such as currently used nickel base superalloys of the second and third generation, but completely omits the alloying of the element rhenium. In addition, the alloy should be economical and efficient to produce and in particular easily castable and monocrystalline or directionally solidified.

TECHNISCHE LÖSUNGTECHNICAL SOLUTION

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Legierung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und einen entsprechenden Gegenstand, insbesondere eine Komponente einer Gasturbine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 8. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved by an alloy having the features of claim 1 and a corresponding article, in particular a component of a gas turbine with the features of claim 8. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung geht aus von der Erkenntnis, dass Rhenium bei den Nickelbasissuperlegierungen insbesondere zur Mischkristallhärtung der γ-Matrix der Nickelbasissuperlegierungen beiträgt. Um Rhenium wirksam ersetzen zu können, muss deshalb ein Legierungsbestandteil vorhanden sein, welcher die Aufgabe der Mischkristallhärtung von Rhenium übernimmt. Die Erfindung setzt an diesem Punkt an und schlägt vor, dass Wolfram als effizienter Mischkristallhärter in der Legierung verwendet werden kann. Allerdings liegt Wolfram üblicherweise nicht nur in der γ-Matrix von Nickelbasissuperlegierungen vor, sondern auch in den ausgeschiedenen γ'-Phasen, die üblicherweise durch Ni3Al oder Ni3Ti bzw. Mischungen daraus gebildet sind. Hier setzt die Erfindung an, indem sie Nickelbasissuperlegierungen vorschlägt, bei denen unter vorgegebenen Randbedingungen die Legierungszusammensetzung so optimiert ist, dass der Wolframgehalt in der γ-Matrix größer ist als in den ausgeschiedenen γ'-Phasen.The invention is based on the finding that rhenium contributes to the nickel-base superalloys in particular for solid-solution hardening of the γ-matrix of the nickel-base super alloys. In order to be able to replace rhenium effectively, therefore, an alloying component must be present, which takes on the task of solid solution hardening of rhenium. The invention addresses this point and suggests that tungsten can be used as an efficient solid solution hardener in the alloy. However, tungsten is usually present not only in the γ-matrix of nickel-base superalloys, but also in the precipitated γ'-phases, which are usually formed by Ni 3 Al or Ni 3 Ti or mixtures thereof. This is where the invention starts by proposing nickel-base super alloys in which the alloy composition is optimized under given boundary conditions in such a way that the tungsten content in the γ matrix is greater than in the precipitated γ 'phases.

Hierzu wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass als Randbedingung eine chemische Zusammensetzung der Legierung mit einem Aluminiumgehalt von 11 bis 11,2 at.-%, Kobalt von 9,1 bis 9,3 at.-%, Chrom von 6 bis 6,2 at.-%, Molybdän von 0,85 bis 1,0 at.-%, Tantal von 3,3 bis 3,5 at.-%, Titan von 1,5 bis 1,7 at.-%, Wolfram von 2,8 bis 3 at.-% sowie dem Rest Nickel und unvermeidbare Verunreinigungen vorgegeben wird. Eine derartige Legierung soll weiterhin als Randbedingung eine Solidustemperatur von mehr als 1.320°C aufweisen und der Anteil der γ'-Phase soll im Bereich von 40 bis 50 Vol.-%, insbesondere bei 44 bis 46 Vol.-% bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 1050°C von 1100°C liegen. Zusätzlich soll als Randbedingung festgelegt sein, dass die γ/γ'-Fehlpassung bei Temperaturen von 1050°C bis 1100°C im Bereich von -0,15 % bis -0,25 % beträgt. Die γ/γ'-Fehlpassung ist definiert als die normierte Differenz der Gitterkonstanten der beiden Phasen γ und γ' : a γ a γ 1 / 2 * a γ + a γ

Figure imgb0001
For this purpose, it is proposed according to the invention that the boundary condition is a chemical composition of the alloy with an aluminum content of 11 to 11.2 at.%, Cobalt of 9.1 to 9.3 at.%, Chromium of 6 to 6.2 at. %, Molybdenum from 0.85 to 1.0 at.%, Tantalum from 3.3 to 3.5 at.%, Titanium from 1.5 to 1.7 at.%, Tungsten from 2.8 up to 3 at .-% and the rest nickel and unavoidable Impurities is given. Such an alloy should continue to have as boundary condition a solidus temperature of more than 1320 ° C and the proportion of γ'-phase should in the range of 40 to 50 vol .-%, in particular 44 to 46 vol .-% at a temperature in the range from 1050 ° C to 1100 ° C. In addition, it should be stipulated as a boundary condition that the γ / γ 'mismatch at temperatures of 1050 ° C to 1100 ° C is in the range of -0.15% to -0.25%. The γ / γ 'mismatch is defined as the normalized difference of the lattice constants of the two phases γ and γ': a γ ' - a γ 1 / 2 * a γ ' + a γ
Figure imgb0001

Um nun die Legierung kriechbeständig auszugestalten, wird die Zusammensetzung so gewählt, dass der Anteil an Wolfram in der γ-Matrix größer ist als in der γ'-Phase. Eine Legierung mit einer derartigen Zusammensetzung mit einem entsprechend hohen Wolframgehalt in der γ-Matrix weist die erforderlichen mechanische Festigkeit bei hohen Temperaturen und insbesondere die erforderliche Kriechbeständigkeit auf. Zwar ist es auch denkbar den Wolframgehalt insgesamt zu erhöhen, so dass dadurch auch der Wolframgehalt in der γ-Matrix erhöht wird. Allerdings wird dadurch die Dichte der Legierung erhöht, so dass es vorteilhaft ist das Verhältnis des Wolframgehalts von Matrix zu γ'- Ausscheidungen entsprechend zu verbessern. Die Zusammensetzung der Legierung kann innerhalb der angegebenen Grenzen bzw. Randbedingungen variiert werden.In order to design the alloy creep-resistant, the composition is selected such that the proportion of tungsten in the γ matrix is greater than in the γ 'phase. An alloy having such a composition with a correspondingly high tungsten content in the γ-matrix has the required mechanical strength at high temperatures and in particular the required creep resistance. Although it is also conceivable to increase the total tungsten content, thereby also increasing the tungsten content in the γ-matrix. However, this increases the density of the alloy so that it is advantageous to correspondingly improve the ratio of the tungsten content of matrix to γ'-precipitates. The composition of the alloy can be varied within the specified limits.

Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann die Legierungszusammensetzung so gewählt werden, dass bei einer Temperatur von 1050 °C bis 1100 °C der Wolframgehalt in der γ-Matrix ≥ 3,5 at.-% ist.According to one embodiment of the invention, the alloy composition can be chosen so that at a temperature of 1050 ° C to 1100 ° C, the tungsten content in the γ-matrix is ≥ 3.5 at .-%.

Vorzugsweise wird jedoch die chemische Zusammensetzung so gewählt, dass der Wolframgehalt in der γ-Matrix maximal ist.Preferably, however, the chemical composition is chosen so that the tungsten content in the γ-matrix is maximum.

Dies kann insbesondere dadurch erreicht werden, dass bei einem minimalen Aluminiumgehalt ein maximaler Tantalgehalt und ein mittlerer Titangehalt eingestellt wird. Es hat sich nämlich herausgestellt, dass insbesondere durch die Tantal- und Titangehalte sowie den Aluminiumgehalt die Konzentration von Wolfram in der γ-Matrix variiert werden kann.This can be achieved in particular by setting a maximum tantalum content and a mean titanium content with a minimum aluminum content. It has been found that the concentration of tungsten in the γ matrix can be varied, in particular, by the tantalum and titanium contents and the aluminum content.

Entsprechend können der Tantalgehalt und der Titangehalt zusammen auf einen Wert von ≥ 3 at.-%, vorzugsweise ≥ 4,5 at.-%, insbesondere ≥ 5 at.-% eingestellt werden.Accordingly, the tantalum content and the titanium content can be adjusted together to a value of ≥ 3 at .-%, preferably ≥ 4.5 at .-%, in particular ≥ 5 at .-%.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann eine Nickelbasislegierung nach der vorliegenden Erfindung folgende chemische Zusammensetzung aufweisen: sowie Rest Nickel und unvermeidbare Verunreinigungen.According to a further embodiment, a nickel-based alloy according to the present invention may have the following chemical composition: as well as the balance of nickel and unavoidable impurities.

Ferner kann der Schwefelgehalt auf Werte von 2 ppm, insbesondere 1 ppm (parts per million) Schwefel und darunter begrenzt werden, um die mechanischen Eigenschaften weiter zu verbessern.Furthermore, the sulfur content may be limited to values of 2 ppm, in particular 1 ppm (parts per million) of sulfur and below in order to further improve the mechanical properties.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Legierung können insbesondere Gegenstände, wie Komponenten von Gasturbinen, vorzugsweise Turbinenschaufeln, und dergleichen hergestellt werden, die einkristallin oder gerichtet erstarrt ausgebildet sein können.With the alloy according to the invention in particular articles, such as components of gas turbines, preferably turbine blades, and the like can be produced, which can be formed monocrystalline or directionally solidified.

KURZBESCHREIBUNG DER FIGURBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURE

Die beigefügte Figur zeigt einen Larson - Miller - Plot zur Veranschaulichung der Kriechbeständigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Legierung im Vergleich zu bekannten Legierungen und einer Vergleichslegierung.The attached figure shows a Larson - Miller plot to illustrate the creep resistance of the alloy according to the invention in comparison with known alloys and a comparative alloy.

AUSFÜHRUNGSBEISPIELEmbodiment

Gemäß der Erfindung wurde eine Legierung hergestellt, deren Zusammensetzung der nachfolgenden Tabelle entnommen werden kann (Legierung 3). Als Vergleichslegierungen wurden die Legierungen 1 und 2 gewählt, wobei die Legierung 1 im Wesentlichen in der chemischen Zusammensetzung derjenigen des Werkstoffs CMSX - 4 entspricht und die Legierung 2 eine Legierung mit einer ähnlichen Zusammensetzung wie der Werkstoff CMSX - 4 ist, jedoch um das Rhenium reduziert ist. Die Bestandteile der Legierungen sind in der Tabelle in Gewichtsprozent angegeben. Legierung Al Co Cr Mo Ta Ti W Re Hf Ni Legierung 1 5,6 9,0 6,5 0,6 6,5 1,0 6,0 3,0 0,1 Rest Legierung 2 6,1 8,9 5,3 1,0 6,7 0,0 6,2 0,0 0,0 Rest Legierung 3 4,8 8,6 5 1,4 10,1 1,3 8,8 0,0 0,0 Rest According to the invention, an alloy was prepared, the composition of which can be taken from the following table (Alloy 3). Alloys 1 and 2 were chosen as comparison alloys, alloy 1 being essentially of the same chemical composition as CMSX - 4 and alloy 2 being an alloy of a similar composition to CMSX - 4 but reduced by rhenium is. The constituents of the alloys are given in the table in percent by weight. alloy al Co Cr Not a word Ta Ti W re Hf Ni Alloy 1 5.6 9.0 6.5 0.6 6.5 1.0 6.0 3.0 0.1 rest Alloy 2 6.1 8.9 5.3 1.0 6.7 0.0 6.2 0.0 0.0 rest Alloy 3 4.8 8.6 5 1.4 10.1 1.3 8.8 0.0 0.0 rest

Wie sich aus der beigefügten Figur ergibt, die einen sogenannten harson - Miller - Plot zeigt, weist die erfindungsgemäße Legierung 3 eine ähnliche Kriechbeständigkeit auf, wie die Legierung 1, die einer Nickelbasissuperlegierung der zweiten Generation entspricht. Demgegenüber weist die Legierung 2 eine sehr viel geringere Kriechbeständigkeit auf, was durch den fehlenden Rheniumanteil und die fehlende Optimierung der Legierungszusammensetzung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung begründet ist. Damit wird deutlich, dass durch die erfindungsgemäße Lehre Nickelbasissuperlegierungen bereitgestellt werden können, die auf das schwer verfügbare Element Rhenium verzichten können, aber gleichwohl mechanische Hochtemperatureigenschaften, wie beispielsweise eine entsprechende Kriechbeständigkeit, bereitstellen können, wie bekannte rheniumhaltige Legierungen.As is apparent from the attached figure, which shows a so-called harson-Miller plot, the alloy 3 according to the invention has a creep resistance similar to that of alloy 1, that of a nickel-base super alloy the second generation. On the other hand, Alloy 2 has a much lower creep resistance, which is due to the lack of rhenium content and the lack of optimization of the alloy composition according to the present invention. Thus, it will be appreciated that the teachings of the present invention can provide nickel-base superalloys that can dispense with the poorly-available element rhenium, yet provide high-temperature mechanical properties such as creep resistance, such as known rhenium-containing alloys.

Obwohl die vorliegende Erfindung anhand des Ausführungsbeispiels detailliert beschrieben worden ist, ist für den Fachmann selbstverständlich, dass die Erfindung nicht auf dieses Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt ist, sondern dass vielmehr Abwandlungen in der Weise möglich sind, dass einzelne Merkmale weggelassen oder Merkmale andersartig kombiniert werden können, solange der Schutzbereich der beigefügten Ansprüche nicht verlassen wird. Die vorliegende Offenbarung offenbart sämtliche Kombinationen aller vorgestellter Einzelmerkmale.Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to this embodiment, but rather modifications are possible in the manner that individual features omitted or features can be combined differently, as long as the scope of the appended claims is not abandoned. The present disclosure discloses all combinations of all presented individual features.

Claims (10)

  1. A nickel-based alloy, which is free of rhenium and has a solidus temperature of greater than 1320°C, wherein precipitations of a γ' phrase are present in a γ matrix with a proportion of 40 to 50 vol.-% at temperatures of 1050°C to 1100°C and the γ/γ' incompatibility at temperatures of 1 050°C to 1100°C is in the range from -0.15% to -0.25% and the chemical composition comprises:
    aluminum of 11 to 11.2 at.-%,
    cobalt of 9.1 to 9.3 at.-%,
    chromium of 6 to 6.2 at.-%,
    molybdenum of 0.85 to 1.0 at.-%,
    tantalum of 3.3 to 3.5 at.-%,
    titanium of 1.5 to 1.7 at.-%,
    tungsten or 2.8 to 3 at.-%, and
    the remainder nickel and unavoidable impurities, wherein the tungsten content in the γ matrix is greater than in the precipitated γ' phases.
  2. The nickel-based alloy according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the tungsten content in the γ matrix at a temperature of 110°C is greater than 3.5 at.-%.
  3. The nickel-based alloy according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that the tungsten content in the γ matrix is maximum as a function of the remaining alloy components.
  4. The nickel-based alloy according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the tungsten content and the molybdenum content in the γ matrix are together more than 5 at.-%.
  5. The nickel-based alloy according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that, in the case of a minimal aluminum content, a maximum tantalum content and a moderate titanium content are set.
  6. The nickel-based alloy according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the tantalum content and the titanium content are together greater than or equal to 3 at.-%, preferably 4.5 at.-%, in particular greater than or equal to 5 at. -%.
  7. The nickel-based alloy according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the sulfur content is less than or equal to 2 ppm, preferably less than or equal to 1 ppm.
  8. An object made of a nickel-based alloy according to any one of the preceding claims.
  9. The object according to Claim 8,
    characterized in that the object is monocrystalline or directionally solidified.
  10. The object according to Claim 8 or 9,
    characterized in that the object is a component, in particular a turbine blade of a gas turbine or an aircraft engine.
EP12190156.5A 2012-10-26 2012-10-26 Creep resistant rhenium-free nickel based superalloy Not-in-force EP2725110B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

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EP12190156.5A EP2725110B1 (en) 2012-10-26 2012-10-26 Creep resistant rhenium-free nickel based superalloy
ES12190156.5T ES2625825T3 (en) 2012-10-26 2012-10-26 Super-alloy with rhenium-free and creep-resistant nickel
US14/061,190 US9580774B2 (en) 2012-10-26 2013-10-23 Creep-resistant, rhenium-free nickel base superalloy

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EP12190156.5A EP2725110B1 (en) 2012-10-26 2012-10-26 Creep resistant rhenium-free nickel based superalloy

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US20150308449A1 (en) * 2014-03-11 2015-10-29 United Technologies Corporation Gas turbine engine component with brazed cover
EP2927336A1 (en) 2014-04-04 2015-10-07 MTU Aero Engines GmbH Nickel base alloy with optimised matrix properties
ES2682362T3 (en) 2015-05-05 2018-09-20 MTU Aero Engines AG Super-alloy of rhenium-free nickel with low density

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4582548A (en) * 1980-11-24 1986-04-15 Cannon-Muskegon Corporation Single crystal (single grain) alloy
EP0878556B1 (en) * 1997-05-12 2003-12-17 W.C. Heraeus GmbH & Co. KG Process for making alloys containing rhenium
JP2000144289A (en) * 1998-11-02 2000-05-26 United Technol Corp <Utc> Stably heat-treatable nickel-base superalloy single- crystal body and composition, and gas turbine parts
AU4505399A (en) * 1999-06-02 2000-12-28 Abb Research Ltd Coating composition for high temperature protection
DE60108212T2 (en) * 2000-08-30 2005-12-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Monocrystalline nickel-based alloys and methods of making and high temperature components of a gas turbine engineered therefrom
US20130230405A1 (en) 2007-08-31 2013-09-05 Kevin Swayne O'Hara Nickel base superalloy compositions being substantially free of rhenium and superalloy articles
US8876989B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2014-11-04 General Electric Company Low rhenium nickel base superalloy compositions and superalloy articles
US20100135846A1 (en) * 2008-12-01 2010-06-03 United Technologies Corporation Lower cost high strength single crystal superalloys with reduced re and ru content
US20110076181A1 (en) 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 General Electric Company Nickel-Based Superalloys and Articles
US20110076182A1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 General Electric Company Nickel-Based Superalloys and Articles
US20110076180A1 (en) 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 General Electric Company Nickel-Based Superalloys and Articles

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EP2725110A1 (en) 2014-04-30
US20140119941A1 (en) 2014-05-01
US9580774B2 (en) 2017-02-28

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