EP2718498A1 - Rail-fastening system - Google Patents

Rail-fastening system

Info

Publication number
EP2718498A1
EP2718498A1 EP12727797.8A EP12727797A EP2718498A1 EP 2718498 A1 EP2718498 A1 EP 2718498A1 EP 12727797 A EP12727797 A EP 12727797A EP 2718498 A1 EP2718498 A1 EP 2718498A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
guide plate
fastening system
clamp
rail fastening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12727797.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2718498B1 (en
Inventor
Stefan LIENHARD
Daniel Walter
Erik Danneberg
Roland Buda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schwihag AG
Original Assignee
Schwihag AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schwihag AG filed Critical Schwihag AG
Priority to SI201230591A priority Critical patent/SI2718498T1/en
Priority to RS20160372A priority patent/RS54793B1/en
Publication of EP2718498A1 publication Critical patent/EP2718498A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2718498B1 publication Critical patent/EP2718498B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
    • E01B9/30—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
    • E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
    • E01B9/30—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips
    • E01B9/303—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips the clip being a shaped bar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
    • E01B9/681—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rail fastening system for the frictional-elastic fastening of a rail on a threshold of a track system, comprising at least one fixable at the threshold with at least one screw angle guide plate and at least one tensioning clamp, which is usually made between the rail and the sill one made of a rubber material Rail tie is provided to ensure electrical insulation of the rail against the track sill and / or the steel elements of the rail fastening system.
  • the lateral guidance of the rail take over the angle guide plates, which form in pairs between them a track-accurate rail channel.
  • the angled guide plates direct the forces introduced via the rail directly into the substrate supporting the rail.
  • a shoulder (concrete shoulder) is formed on the respective substrate for each of the angled guide plates, on which the associated angle guide plate can be supported.
  • the function of the tension clamp in a rail fastening is to clamp the rail with a defined force with the rail support surface of the threshold.
  • This tensioning force is proportional to the push-through resistance and the torsional resistance of the rail fastening. Both resistors are crucial for the position stability of the track grate.
  • the tensioning force acts on the occurrence of executives from the vehicle running against a tilting of the rail and thus ensures the required track geometry and safe vehicle running.
  • a high initial or preload force is indispensable especially in areas with large lateral guiding forces and large temperature fluctuations. Since modern rail fasteners store the rail elastically for the purpose of load distribution, the clamp must not only have a high tension but also a vertical fatigue strength at high vertical vibrations.
  • clamping clamps known in the prior art allow, starting from the respective installation situation, clamping forces of 10 to 14 kN and a fatigue strength at vibrations of up to 2.0 mm (amplitude of the oscillations).
  • An exception are some "fixed lane" tension clamps, which firmness at vibrations of up to 3.5 mm, but with a tension of only 10 kN.
  • the fastening of the rails influences the rotational resistance and determines the width (dimension parallel to the rail foot) of the angle guide plates which introduce the lateral forces from the rail into the shoulders of the sleeper or concrete sleeper.
  • the torsional resistance of the rail fastening is incorporated into the frame rigidity of the track grid. A high frame rigidity is to be strived for the storage stability of the gap-free welded track (protection against buckling of the track).
  • the object of the present invention was to improve the known rail fastening systems so that, in spite of a reduction in weight by material optimization on the one hand applied high bonding or biasing forces and high lateral forces or loads can be removed on the fortifications.
  • tension clamps with the following properties are used in the area of the tension clamp arms or torsion legs (range from the free end of the tension clamp arms to the rear support): the formation of large bending radii in the tension clamp arm and small changes in radius achieves a constant stress progression (avoidance of stress). voltage spikes).
  • the clamping clamp arms are provided in a flat design, so that local stress peaks in the torsion and bending area can be avoided.
  • the rail fastening system according to the invention uses angled guide plates with a special geometry for optimal force application of the tension of the tension clamp in the threshold of the track system and for optimal reduction of the materials used and the type of materials used. Angular guide plates with an oblique surface on their upper side, with the side facing the tensioning clamp, as well as on the lower side, thus the side of the angled guide plate facing the threshold, are thus provided in accordance with the invention.
  • the radii indicated in FIG. 2b optimize the stress distribution, whereby local stress peaks can be avoided and a low settlement behavior can be ensured, by making possible a ratio of the largest to the smallest radius in the region of the clamping clamp arms of 3.8.
  • the values at which tension clamps known in the prior art are clearly lent greater than 7, for example in the known from the prior art tension clamp.
  • the clamping clamp arms in the ratio of half of the clamping terminal width (preferably 86 mm) and the height preferably (preferably 33 mm) of the tension clamp are formed with a value> 2.6.
  • angle guide plates (WFP) used in the rail fastening systems according to the invention are shown in FIG. 3 in a plan view and several sections and in FIG. 4a in a perspective plan view and in FIG. 4b in a perspective view from the underside.
  • known angle guide plates see, for example, the German patent DE 39 18 091 C2
  • the advanced angle guide plate has an inclined surface and parallel thereto arranged reinforcements on the bottom.
  • a standard angle guide plate has a width of 110 mm with a weight of 170 to 180 g (ratio of weight to width of 1, 55 - 1, 65).
  • a variant with 150 mm width and approx. 230 g weight is used in the switch area (ratio of weight to width of approx. 1.55).
  • the newly developed angled guide plate according to the invention makes it possible, with a width of preferably 150 mm, to have a weight of only 190 g and thus a ratio of weight to width of approximately 1.25.
  • the proposed measures according to the invention preferably allow the formation of an angled guide plate with a width> 1 10 mm and a ratio of weight to width ⁇ 1, third Furthermore, by the measures proposed by the invention, the adaptation of the angle guide plate to stronger rail feet and intermediate bearings can be realized at a disproportionately rising compared to the prior art material use.
  • the preferably provided in the angled guide plate means for receiving and securing the rail intermediate, preferably lateral pockets on the angled guide plate, are preferably arranged in the not highly stressed areas of the angled guide plate and preferably congruent or aligned with the corners of the intermediate plate, thus optimally both in horizontal (Slipping) and vertical (lifting) direction is secured, arranged.
  • FIGS. 1 a and 1 b a rail fastening system according to the prior art is shown, in the plan view as a section of a track system, the fastening of a rail on a concrete sleeper (FIG. 1) and as a section along the line II-II of Fig. 1 (Fig. 1b).
  • a laid on a concrete sleeper 1 via an intermediate layer 7 rail 2 is determined by means of clamps 3 and sleeper screws 4, the middle loop of the clamps 3 are interspersed with the interposition of angled guide plates 5 in Kunststoffschraubdübel 6 of the concrete sleeper 1 are screwed.
  • Such a common rail fastening system is significantly improved by the installation of the tension clamp shown in Fig. 2 and the angled guide plate shown in Figures 3 and 4 as described above.
  • FIG. 2 shows in the adjustments a) to d) different views of a tension clamp, as used in the rail fastening system according to the invention.
  • the tensioning clamp 3 according to the invention has a width of 172 mm (see FIG. 2 a) at a maximum height of only preferably 33 mm (see FIG. 2 c).
  • the tension clamp 3 which is made entirely of a rod material having a diameter of about 13 to 15 mm, two identical legs (Spannklemmarme) 3a, 3b, which via a central loop 3c with each other are connected. Through this middle loop 3c then the (not shown here) sleeper screw is inserted through the (also not shown) concrete sleeper.
  • the distance between the ends of the legs 3a, 3b to each other measures preferably 63 mm.
  • the symmetrically designed legs 3a, 3b have to avoid local stress peaks on a curvature at which the ratio of adjacent radii assumes a value of ⁇ 1, 9, wherein in this particular embodiment according to Figure 2, the radii of 18.5 to 70 mm are configured ,
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of an angle guide plate 5 according to the invention, which assumes a particular shape for optimizing material utilization and for introducing the forces acting on the angled guide plate 5 via a rail (not shown) into a concrete sleeper (not shown) Has.
  • a through hole 5a is provided for passing a fastening screw (not shown).
  • Adjacent to the through hole 5a bearing surfaces 5b, 5c provided for the middle loop of a (not shown) tension clamp.
  • the corner regions of the left guide plate 5 pockets 5d, 5e are arranged, which allow a secure holding a (not shown) intermediate position.
  • the shape of the angled guide plate 5 serves in particular the targeted reduction of material with substantially constant or even improved performance.
  • FIG. 3b shows a sectional view along the section A-A from FIG. 3a, thus centered through the through-hole 5a for the screw (not shown).
  • shoulders and bevels 5f are incorporated, via which the supply of force from the rail (not shown) can be made particularly advantageously into the concrete sleeper (not shown).
  • an inclined surface 5g is incorporated, via which, together with the chamfer 5h on the left side of the angled guide plate 5 and the reinforcement 5i on the underside of the angled guide plate 5, an optimal use of material is achieved.
  • the chamfer 5h preferably cooperates with a likewise beveled shoulder of a concrete sleeper (not shown), in order to achieve an optimal flow of force from the rail (not shown) into the concrete sleeper (not shown).
  • FIG. 3c shows a section through the angle guide plate 5 from FIG. 3a along the line BB.
  • Side of the through hole 5a each contact surfaces 5b, 5c for the middle loop of a (not shown) tension clamp provided to achieve a non-slip connection of (not shown) tension clamp and angled guide plate 5.
  • four reinforcements 5i are formed by a suitable material reduction between the reinforcements 5i.
  • FIGS. 3d to 3f show sections through the angle guide plate 5 according to FIG. 3a along the sections CC (FIG. 3d), DD (FIG. 3e) and EE (FIG. 3f). In all the sections according to FIGS. 3d to 3f, it can be seen that the oblique surface 5g, on the one hand, and the bevel 5h, on the other hand, are provided continuously over the entire width of the angled guide plate 5.
  • FIG. 4 shows perspective views from above (FIG. 4a) and from below (FIG. 4b) on an angle guide plate 5 according to the invention.
  • the angle guide plate 5 has the pockets 5d, 5e already described above for securing a pocket (not shown) ) Intermediate layer.
  • material has been reduced while maintaining the required safety standards in order to optimize the overall weight of the angled guide plate 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

Abstract

Rail-fastening system for the non-positive resilient fastening of a rail (2) on a sleeper (1) of a railway track installation, comprising at least one angle guide plate (5), which can be fixed to the sleeper (1) with at least one screw (4), and at least one clamp (3), characterized in that the bending radii of the clamp arms (3a, 3b) of the clamp (3) preferably lie in the range from 18-70 mm, wherein the ratio of mutually adjacent bending radii within each clamping arm is ≤ 1.9 and the ratio of the greatest to the smallest bending radius thereof is ≤ 3.8, and in that the ratio of weight to width of the angle guide plate is < 1.3 g/mm, preferably about 1.25 g/mm.

Description

Schienenbefestigungssystem  Rail fastening system
1 . Gebiet der Erfindung 1 . Field of the invention
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schienenbefestigungssystem zur kraftschlüssig- elastischen Befestigung einer Schiene auf einer Schwelle einer Gleisanlage, umfassend mindestens eine an der Schwelle mit mindestens einer Schraube festlegbare Winkelführungsplatte und mindestens eine Spannklemme, wobei in der Regel zwischen dem Schienenfuß und der Gleisschwelle eine aus einem Gummimaterial gefertigte Schienenzwischenlage vorgesehen ist, um eine elektrische Isolation der Schiene gegenüber der Gleisschwelle und / oder den Stahlelementen des Schienenbefestigungssystems zu gewährleisten. The invention relates to a rail fastening system for the frictional-elastic fastening of a rail on a threshold of a track system, comprising at least one fixable at the threshold with at least one screw angle guide plate and at least one tensioning clamp, which is usually made between the rail and the sill one made of a rubber material Rail tie is provided to ensure electrical insulation of the rail against the track sill and / or the steel elements of the rail fastening system.
2. Stand der Technik 2. State of the art
Bei den bekannten Schienenbefestigungssystemen erfolgt die Verspannung der Eisenbahnschienen mittels der Komponenten Schraube, Dübel, Winkelführungsplatte und Spannklemme. Es kommt eine Spannklemme zum Einsatz, die im montierten Zustand zwischen einer Winkelführungsplatte (Halteplatte) und einer Schraube (Befestigungsanker) angeordnet ist. Die Spannklemme weist dabei zwei Schenkel auf, die als Torsionselemente gestaltet sind. Die Torsionsschenkel bzw. Schenkelarme haben zwei parallel nebeneinander liegende Federstababschnitte, die einstückig durch eine einen Verspannungsabschnitt bildenden und im Wesentlichen quer zu ihnen nach außen gebogenen Schlaufe in Verbindung stehen. Solche Schienenbefestigungssysteme dienen vorrangig der Befestigung von Schienen auf einem festen Untergrund, z. B. eine Betonschwelle oder -platte. Dabei steht die zu befestigende Schiene über die elastische Zwischenlage direkt auf dem festen Untergrund. Die seitliche Führung der Schiene übernehmen die Winkelführungsplatten, die jeweils paarweise zwischen sich einen spurgenauen Schienenkanal bilden. Die Winkelführungsplatten leiten die über die Schiene eingeleiteten Kräfte direkt in den die Schiene tragenden Untergrund ab. Dazu ist an den jeweiligen Untergrund für jede der Winkelführungsplatten eine Schulter (Betonschulter) ausgebildet, an der sich die zugeordnete Winkelführungsplatte abstützen kann. In the known rail fastening systems, the bracing of the railroad tracks by means of the components screw, dowel, angle guide plate and tension clamp takes place. There is a tension clamp used, which is arranged in the assembled state between an angle guide plate (retaining plate) and a screw (fastening anchor). The tension clamp has two legs, which are designed as Torsionselemente. The torsion legs or leg arms have two spring bar sections lying parallel next to one another, which are connected in one piece by a loop forming a tensioning section and bent essentially transversely outward therefrom. Such rail fastening systems serve primarily the attachment of rails on a solid surface, for. B. a concrete sleeper or plate. Here is the rail to be fastened on the elastic intermediate layer directly on the solid ground. The lateral guidance of the rail take over the angle guide plates, which form in pairs between them a track-accurate rail channel. The angled guide plates direct the forces introduced via the rail directly into the substrate supporting the rail. For this purpose, a shoulder (concrete shoulder) is formed on the respective substrate for each of the angled guide plates, on which the associated angle guide plate can be supported.
Die Funktion der Spannklemme in einer Schienenbefestigung besteht darin, die Schiene mit einer definierten Kraft mit der Schienenauflagefläche der Schwelle zu verspannen. Diese Anspannkraft ist proportional zum Durchschubwiderstand und zum Verdrehwiderstand der Schienenbefestigung. Beide Widerstände sind für die Lagestabilität des Gleisrostes entscheidend. Zudem wirkt die Anspannkraft bei Auftreten von Führungskräften aus dem Fahrzeuglauf einem Kippen der Schiene entgegen und gewährleistet somit die erforderliche Gleisgeometrie und den sicheren Fahrzeuglauf. The function of the tension clamp in a rail fastening is to clamp the rail with a defined force with the rail support surface of the threshold. This tensioning force is proportional to the push-through resistance and the torsional resistance of the rail fastening. Both resistors are crucial for the position stability of the track grate. In addition, the tensioning force acts on the occurrence of executives from the vehicle running against a tilting of the rail and thus ensures the required track geometry and safe vehicle running.
Eine hohe An- bzw. Vorspannkraft ist gerade in Bereichen mit großen seitlichen Führungskräften und großen Temperaturschwankungen unerlässlich. Da moderne Schienenbefestigungen die Schiene zum Zweck der Lastverteilung elastisch lagern, muss die Spannklemme neben einer hohen Anspannkraft auch eine vertikale Dauerfestigkeit bei hohen vertikalen Schwingungen aufweisen. A high initial or preload force is indispensable especially in areas with large lateral guiding forces and large temperature fluctuations. Since modern rail fasteners store the rail elastically for the purpose of load distribution, the clamp must not only have a high tension but also a vertical fatigue strength at high vertical vibrations.
Die im Stand der Technik bekannten Spannklemmen ermöglichen ausgehend von der jeweiligen Einbausituation Anspannkräfte von 10 - 14 kN und eine Dauerfestigkeit bei Schwingungen bis zu 2,0 mm (Amplitude der Schwingungen). Eine Ausnahme bilden einige Spannklemmen für "feste Fahrbahnen", die eine Dauer- festigkeit bei Schwingungen bis zu 3,5 mm, jedoch mit einer Anspannkraft von lediglich 10 kN gewährleisten. The clamping clamps known in the prior art allow, starting from the respective installation situation, clamping forces of 10 to 14 kN and a fatigue strength at vibrations of up to 2.0 mm (amplitude of the oscillations). An exception are some "fixed lane" tension clamps, which firmness at vibrations of up to 3.5 mm, but with a tension of only 10 kN.
Durch die Schienenbefestigung wird der Drehwiderstand beeinflusst und hier maßgebend durch die Breite (Abmessung parallel zum Schienenfuß) der die Seitenkräfte aus der Schiene in die Schultern der Schwelle bzw. Betonschwelle einleitenden Winkelführungsplatten. Der Verdrehwiderstand der Schienenbefestigung geht in die Rahmensteifigkeit des Gleisrostes ein. Eine hohe Rahmensteifigkeit ist für die Lagerstabilität des lückenlos verschweißten Gleises anzustreben (Sicherung gegen Ausknicken des Gleises). The fastening of the rails influences the rotational resistance and determines the width (dimension parallel to the rail foot) of the angle guide plates which introduce the lateral forces from the rail into the shoulders of the sleeper or concrete sleeper. The torsional resistance of the rail fastening is incorporated into the frame rigidity of the track grid. A high frame rigidity is to be strived for the storage stability of the gap-free welded track (protection against buckling of the track).
3. Aufgabe der Erfindung 3. Object of the invention
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung bestand nun darin, die bekannten Schienenbefestigungssysteme so zu verbessern, dass trotz einer Gewichtsreduktion durch Materialoptimierung einerseits hohe Anbindungs- bzw. Vorspannkräfte aufgebracht und hohe Seitenkräfte bzw. Belastungen auf die Befestigungen abgetragen werden können. The object of the present invention was to improve the known rail fastening systems so that, in spite of a reduction in weight by material optimization on the one hand applied high bonding or biasing forces and high lateral forces or loads can be removed on the fortifications.
Diese Aufgabe wird im erfindungsgemäßen Sinne mittels eines Schienenbefestigungssystems, umfassend die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1, gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen definiert. This object is achieved in the sense of the invention by means of a rail fastening system, comprising the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
4. Zusammenfassung der Erfindung 4. Summary of the invention
Gemäß der Erfindung kommen Spannklemmen mit folgenden Eigenschaften im Bereich der Spannklemmenarme bzw. Torsionsschenkel (Bereich vom freien Ende der Spannklemmenarme bis zum hinteren Auflager) zum Einsatz: Durch die Ausbildung großer Biegeradien im Spannklemmenarm und geringe Radienänderungen wird ein gleichbleibender Spannungsverlauf erreicht (Vermeidung von Span- nungsspitzen). Gleichzeitig werden die Spannklemmenarme in flacher Ausführung vorgesehen, so dass sich lokale Spannungsspitzen im Torsions- und Biegebereich vermeiden lassen. Zudem verwendet das erfindungsgemäße Schienenbefestigungssystem Winkelführungsplatten mit einer speziellen Geometrie zur optimalen Krafteinleitung der Anspannkraft der Spannklemme in die Schwelle der Gleisanlage sowie zur optimalen Reduktion der eingesetzten Materialien sowie der Art der eingesetzten Materialien. Im erfindungsgemäßen Sinne werden somit Winkelführungsplatten mit einer schrägen Oberflächen an deren Oberseite, mit der der Spannklemme zugewandten Seite, sowie an der Unterseite, somit der der Schwelle zugewandten Seite der Winkelführungsplatte, angeordneten Verstärkungen vorgesehen. According to the invention, tension clamps with the following properties are used in the area of the tension clamp arms or torsion legs (range from the free end of the tension clamp arms to the rear support): the formation of large bending radii in the tension clamp arm and small changes in radius achieves a constant stress progression (avoidance of stress). voltage spikes). At the same time, the clamping clamp arms are provided in a flat design, so that local stress peaks in the torsion and bending area can be avoided. In addition, the rail fastening system according to the invention uses angled guide plates with a special geometry for optimal force application of the tension of the tension clamp in the threshold of the track system and for optimal reduction of the materials used and the type of materials used. Angular guide plates with an oblique surface on their upper side, with the side facing the tensioning clamp, as well as on the lower side, thus the side of the angled guide plate facing the threshold, are thus provided in accordance with the invention.
Die geringen Radienänderungen innerhalb der Spannklemme nähern sich denen einer Schraubenfeder (Verhältnis benachbarter Radien = 1 ) an, mit dem Ergebnis, dass sich lokale Spannungsspitzen vermeiden lassen und die Spannungsverteilung homogen über die gesamte Länge des Spannklemmenarms erfolgt. Die Anordnung gleicher Radien (Schraubenfeder) ist aus geometrischer Sicht bei einer Spannklemme nicht möglich. Bei durchgängig etwa gleichem Durchmesser (etwa 13 bis 15 mm, vorzugsweise 14,5 mm) des Stabmaterials der Spannklemme wird mit den in Figur 2b angegebenen Radien für das Verhältnis benachbarter Radien ein Wert von 1 ,9 erreicht. Die beispielsweise im Stand der Technik bekannten Spannklemmen besitzen demgegenüber im Verhältnis benachbarter Radien, d. h. im Bereich der stärksten Biegung, Werte von deutlich > 3. The small changes in radius inside the tension clamp approximate those of a coil spring (ratio of adjacent radii = 1), with the result that local stress peaks can be avoided and the stress distribution occurs homogeneously over the entire length of the tension clamp arm. The arrangement of equal radii (coil spring) is not possible from a geometrical point of view with a tension clamp. With approximately the same diameter (about 13 to 15 mm, preferably 14.5 mm) of the bar material of the tension clamp, a value of 1.9 is achieved with the radii for the ratio of adjacent radii given in FIG. 2b. The known for example in the prior art tension clamps have in contrast in the ratio of adjacent radii, d. H. in the area of the strongest bend, values of significantly> 3.
Die in Figur 2b angegebenen Radien optimieren die Spannungsverteilung, wodurch lokale Spannungsspitzen vermieden und ein geringes Setzungsverhalten gewährleistet werden kann, indem ein Verhältnis vom größten zum kleinsten Radius im Bereich der Spannklemmenarme von 3,8 ermöglicht wird. Demgegenüber sind die Werte, bei denen im Stand der Technik bekannten Spannklemmen deut- lieh größer als 7, beispielsweise bei der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Spannklemme. The radii indicated in FIG. 2b optimize the stress distribution, whereby local stress peaks can be avoided and a low settlement behavior can be ensured, by making possible a ratio of the largest to the smallest radius in the region of the clamping clamp arms of 3.8. In contrast, the values at which tension clamps known in the prior art are clearly lent greater than 7, for example in the known from the prior art tension clamp.
Wie sich aus den Maßangaben aus Figur 2a und 2c entnehmen lässt, sind die Spannklemmenarme im Verhältnis der Hälfte der Spannklemmenbreite (vorzugsweise 86 mm) und der Höhe vorzugsweise (vorzugsweise 33 mm) der Spannklemme mit einem Wert > 2,6 ausgebildet. As can be seen from the dimensions of Figures 2a and 2c, the clamping clamp arms in the ratio of half of the clamping terminal width (preferably 86 mm) and the height preferably (preferably 33 mm) of the tension clamp are formed with a value> 2.6.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verhältnis von > 2,6 lassen sich lokale Spannungsspitzen aus Überlagerung von Biegung und Torsion vermeiden und damit eine höhere Anspannkraft und Schwingbreite bei gleichem Materialeinsatz erreichen, nämlich vorzugsweise eine hohe Anspannkraft von > 14 kN bei gleichzeitig vertikaler Dauerfestigkeit bei Schwingwegen (Schwingungsamplitude) von > 3,5 mm. Due to the inventive ratio of> 2.6, local stress peaks can be avoided by superimposing bending and torsion and thus achieve a higher clamping force and vibration width with the same material usage, namely preferably a high clamping force of> 14 kN with simultaneous fatigue strength in vibration paths (vibration amplitude) of> 3.5 mm.
Die in den erfindungsgemäßen Schienenbefestigungssystemen zum Einsatz kommenden Winkelführungsplatten (WFP) sind in der Figur 3 in einer Draufsicht und mehreren Schnitten sowie in Figur 4a in perspektivischer Draufsicht sowie in Figur 4b in perspektivischer Ansicht von der Unterseite her gesehen dargestellt. Während bekannte Winkelführungsplatten (vergleiche beispielsweise die deutsche Patentschrift DE 39 18 091 C2) eine zur Auflagefläche auf der Schwelle parallele Oberfläche aufweisen, was einer Umlenkung der Seitenkräfte zum Abtragen über die Schulter der Betonschwelle erforderlich macht, besitzt die weiterentwickelte Winkelführungsplatte eine schräge Oberfläche und parallel dazu angeordnete Verstärkungen auf der Unterseite. Die schräge Oberfläche ermöglicht einen direkten Kraftfluss ohne Umlenkungen der Kräfte, vielmehr werden die Führungskräfte aus dem Fahrzeuglauf über die Schiene in die Winkelführungsplatte und von dieser senkrecht zur Anlagefläche in eine an der Betonschwelle vorgesehenen Schulter eingeleitet. Weiterhin wird trotz einer vorzugsweise größeren Breite der Winkelführungsplatte durch eine Materialreduktion bzw. Materialoptimierung in den weniger beanspruchten Bereichen und ohne Schwächung der relevanten, hoch beanspruchten Querschnitte ein geringeres Gewicht erreicht. Eine standardgemäße Winkelführungsplatte besitzt eine Breite von 110 mm bei einem Gewicht von 170 bis 180 g (Verhältnis von Gewicht zur Breite von 1 ,55 - 1 ,65). Als Sonderplatte wird im Weichenbereich eine Variante mit 150 mm Breite und ca. 230 g Gewicht eingesetzt (Verhältnis von Gewicht zur Breite von ca. 1 ,55). Die erfindungsgemäße neu entwickelte Winkelführungsplatte ermöglicht bei einer Breite von vorzugsweise 150 mm ein Gewicht von lediglich 190 g und somit ein Verhältnis von Gewicht zur Breite von ca. 1 ,25. Die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Maßnahmen erlauben vorzugsweise die Ausbildung einer Winkelführungsplatte mit einer Breite > 1 10 mm und einem Verhältnis von Gewicht zur Breite < 1 ,3. Weiterhin kann durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Maßnahmen die Anpassung der Winkelführungsplatte an stärkere Schienenfüße und Zwischenlagern bei im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik unterproportional steigendem Materialeinsatz realisiert werden. The angle guide plates (WFP) used in the rail fastening systems according to the invention are shown in FIG. 3 in a plan view and several sections and in FIG. 4a in a perspective plan view and in FIG. 4b in a perspective view from the underside. While known angle guide plates (see, for example, the German patent DE 39 18 091 C2) have a support surface on the threshold parallel surface, which makes a deflection of the lateral forces for ablation on the shoulder of the concrete sleeper required, the advanced angle guide plate has an inclined surface and parallel thereto arranged reinforcements on the bottom. The inclined surface allows a direct power flow without deflections of forces, but the executives are introduced from the vehicle running over the rail in the angled guide plate and from this perpendicular to the contact surface in a provided on the concrete sleeper shoulder. Furthermore, despite a preferably larger width of the angled guide plate is achieved by a material reduction or material optimization in the less stressed areas and without weakening the relevant, highly stressed cross sections a lower weight. A standard angle guide plate has a width of 110 mm with a weight of 170 to 180 g (ratio of weight to width of 1, 55 - 1, 65). As a special plate, a variant with 150 mm width and approx. 230 g weight is used in the switch area (ratio of weight to width of approx. 1.55). The newly developed angled guide plate according to the invention makes it possible, with a width of preferably 150 mm, to have a weight of only 190 g and thus a ratio of weight to width of approximately 1.25. The proposed measures according to the invention preferably allow the formation of an angled guide plate with a width> 1 10 mm and a ratio of weight to width <1, third Furthermore, by the measures proposed by the invention, the adaptation of the angle guide plate to stronger rail feet and intermediate bearings can be realized at a disproportionately rising compared to the prior art material use.
Die vorzugsweise in der Winkelführungsplatte vorgesehenen Mittel zur Aufnahme und Sicherung der Schienenzwischenlage, vorzugsweise seitliche Taschen an der Winkelführungsplatte, sind vorzugsweise in den nicht hoch beanspruchten Bereichen der Winkelführungsplatte angeordnet und vorzugsweise deckungsgleich bzw. fluchtend mit den Ecken der Zwischenplatte, die somit optimal sowohl in horizontaler (Verrutschen) und vertikaler (Abheben) Richtung gesichert wird, angeordnet. The preferably provided in the angled guide plate means for receiving and securing the rail intermediate, preferably lateral pockets on the angled guide plate, are preferably arranged in the not highly stressed areas of the angled guide plate and preferably congruent or aligned with the corners of the intermediate plate, thus optimally both in horizontal (Slipping) and vertical (lifting) direction is secured, arranged.
5. Detaillierte Beschreibung der Figuren 5. Detailed description of the figures
In den Figuren 1 a und 1 b ist ein Schienenbefestigungssystem gemäß dem Stand der Technik dargestellt, und zwar in der Draufsicht als Ausschnitt einer Gleisanlage die Befestigung einer Schiene auf einer Betonschwelle (Fig. 1 ) und als Schnitt entlang der Linie II-II von Fig. 1 (Fig. 1b). Eine auf einer Betonschwelle 1 über ein Zwischenlage 7 verlegte Schiene 2 wird mittels Spannklemmen 3 und Schwellenschrauben 4 festgelegt, die unter Zwischenschaltung von Winkelführungsplatten 5 die mittlere Schlaufe der Spannklemmen 3 durchtauchend in Kunststoffschraubdübel 6 der Betonschwelle 1 eingeschraubt werden. Ein solches gängiges Schienenbefestigungssystem wird durch den Einbau der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Spannklemme und der in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellten Winkelführungsplatte wie vorbeschrieben deutlich verbessert. In FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, a rail fastening system according to the prior art is shown, in the plan view as a section of a track system, the fastening of a rail on a concrete sleeper (FIG. 1) and as a section along the line II-II of Fig. 1 (Fig. 1b). A laid on a concrete sleeper 1 via an intermediate layer 7 rail 2 is determined by means of clamps 3 and sleeper screws 4, the middle loop of the clamps 3 are interspersed with the interposition of angled guide plates 5 in Kunststoffschraubdübel 6 of the concrete sleeper 1 are screwed. Such a common rail fastening system is significantly improved by the installation of the tension clamp shown in Fig. 2 and the angled guide plate shown in Figures 3 and 4 as described above.
Figur 2 zeigt in den Nachstellungen a) bis d) verschiedene Ansichten einer Spannklemme, wie sie in dem erfindungsgemäßen Schienenbefestigungssystem zum Einsatz kommt. Die erfindungsgemäße Spannklemme 3 weist eine Breite von 172 mm (siehe Fig. 2a) bei einer maximalen Höhe von lediglich vorzugsweise 33 mm (siehe Fig. 2c) auf. In der Draufsicht aus Fig. 2b wird ersichtlich, dass die Spannklemme 3, welche durchgehend aus einem Stabmaterial mit einem Durchmesser von etwa 13 bis 15 mm gefertigt ist, zwei identische Schenkel (Spannklemmarme) 3a, 3b aufweist, welche über eine mittlere Schlaufe 3c miteinander verbunden sind. Durch diese mittlere Schlaufe 3c hindurch wird dann die (hier nicht dargestellte) Schwellenschraube hindurch in die (ebenfalls nicht dargestellte) Betonschwelle eingeführt. Der Abstand der Enden der Schenkel 3a, 3b zueinander misst vorzugsweise 63 mm. Die symmetrisch ausgestalteten Schenkel 3a, 3b weisen zur Vermeidung lokaler Spannungsspitzen eine Krümmung auf, bei der das Verhältnis benachbarter Radien einen Wert von <1 ,9 annimmt, wobei in dieser speziellen Ausgestaltungsform gemäß Figur 2 die Radien von 18,5 bis 70 mm ausgestaltet sind. Figure 2 shows in the adjustments a) to d) different views of a tension clamp, as used in the rail fastening system according to the invention. The tensioning clamp 3 according to the invention has a width of 172 mm (see FIG. 2 a) at a maximum height of only preferably 33 mm (see FIG. 2 c). In the plan view of Fig. 2b it is seen that the tension clamp 3, which is made entirely of a rod material having a diameter of about 13 to 15 mm, two identical legs (Spannklemmarme) 3a, 3b, which via a central loop 3c with each other are connected. Through this middle loop 3c then the (not shown here) sleeper screw is inserted through the (also not shown) concrete sleeper. The distance between the ends of the legs 3a, 3b to each other measures preferably 63 mm. The symmetrically designed legs 3a, 3b have to avoid local stress peaks on a curvature at which the ratio of adjacent radii assumes a value of <1, 9, wherein in this particular embodiment according to Figure 2, the radii of 18.5 to 70 mm are configured ,
Figur 3 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Winkelführungsplatte 5, die zur optimierten Materialausnutzung und zur Einleitung der auf die Winkelführungsplatte 5 einwirkenden Kräfte über eine (nicht dargestellte) Schiene in eine (nicht dargestellte) Betonschwelle hinein eine besondere Gestalt angenommen hat. Zentral innerhalb der Winkelführungsplatte 5 ist eine Durchgangsbohrung 5a zum Hindurchführen einer (nicht dargestellten) Befestigungsschraube vorgesehen. Benachbart zu der Durchgangsbohrung 5a sind Anlageflächen 5b, 5c für die mittlere Schlaufe einer (nicht dargestellten) Spannklemme vorgesehen. In den Eckbereichen der linken Führungsplatte 5 sind Taschen 5d, 5e angeordnet, die ein sicheres Halten einer (nicht dargestellten) Zwischenlage erlauben. Die Formgebung der Winkelführungsplatte 5 dient insbesondere der gezielten Materialreduktion bei im Wesentlichen gleichbleibender oder sogar verbesserter Performance. FIG. 3 shows a plan view of an angle guide plate 5 according to the invention, which assumes a particular shape for optimizing material utilization and for introducing the forces acting on the angled guide plate 5 via a rail (not shown) into a concrete sleeper (not shown) Has. Centrally within the angled guide plate 5, a through hole 5a is provided for passing a fastening screw (not shown). Adjacent to the through hole 5a bearing surfaces 5b, 5c provided for the middle loop of a (not shown) tension clamp. In the corner regions of the left guide plate 5 pockets 5d, 5e are arranged, which allow a secure holding a (not shown) intermediate position. The shape of the angled guide plate 5 serves in particular the targeted reduction of material with substantially constant or even improved performance.
Figur 3b zeigt eine Schnittansicht entlang des Schnitts A-A aus Figur 3a, somit mittig durch die Durchgangsbohrung 5a für die (nicht dargestellte) Schraube hindurch. Auf der rechten Seite der Winkelführungsplatte 5 sind Absätze und An- schrägungen 5f eingearbeitet, über die die Zuleitung der Kraft aus der (nicht dargestellten) Schiene besonders vorteilhaft in die (nicht dargestellte) Betonschwelle erfolgen kann. Auf der Oberseite der Winkelführungsplatte 5 ist überdies eine schräge Oberfläche 5g eingearbeitet, über die zusammen mit der Anschrägung 5h an der linken Seite der Winkelführungsplatte 5 und die Verstärkung 5i an der Unterseite der Winkelführungsplatte 5 ein optimaler Materialeinsatz erreicht wird. Die Anschrägung 5h wirkt vorzugsweise formschlüssig mit einer ebenfalls angeschrägten Schulter einer (nicht dargestellten) Betonschwelle zusammen, um einen optimalen Kraftfluss von der (nicht dargestellten Schiene) in die (nicht dargestellte) Betonschwelle hinein zu erreichen. FIG. 3b shows a sectional view along the section A-A from FIG. 3a, thus centered through the through-hole 5a for the screw (not shown). On the right side of the angled guide plate 5, shoulders and bevels 5f are incorporated, via which the supply of force from the rail (not shown) can be made particularly advantageously into the concrete sleeper (not shown). On the top of the angled guide plate 5, moreover, an inclined surface 5g is incorporated, via which, together with the chamfer 5h on the left side of the angled guide plate 5 and the reinforcement 5i on the underside of the angled guide plate 5, an optimal use of material is achieved. The chamfer 5h preferably cooperates with a likewise beveled shoulder of a concrete sleeper (not shown), in order to achieve an optimal flow of force from the rail (not shown) into the concrete sleeper (not shown).
Figur 3c zeigt einen Schnitt durch die Winkelführungsplatte 5 aus Figur 3a entlang der Linie B-B. Seitlich zu der Durchgangsbohrung 5a sind jeweils Anlageflächen 5b, 5c für die mittlere Schlaufe einer (nicht dargestellten) Spannklemme vorgesehen, um ein rutschfreies Verbinden von (nicht dargestellter) Spannklemme und Winkelführungsplatte 5 zu erreichen. An der Unterseite der Winkelführungsplatte 5 sind vier Verstärkungen 5i durch eine geeignete Materialreduktion zwischen den Verstärkungen 5i entstanden. Die Figuren 3d bis 3f zeigen Schnitte durch die Winkelführungsplatte 5 gemäß Figur 3a entlang der Schnitte C-C (Figur 3d), D-D (Figur 3e) sowie E-E (Figur 3f). In sämtlichen Schnitten gemäß den Figuren 3d bis 3f ist zu sehen, dass die schräge Oberfläche 5g einerseits sowie die Anschrägung 5h andererseits durchgehend über die gesamte Breite der Winkelführungsplatte 5 vorgesehen sind. FIG. 3c shows a section through the angle guide plate 5 from FIG. 3a along the line BB. Side of the through hole 5a each contact surfaces 5b, 5c for the middle loop of a (not shown) tension clamp provided to achieve a non-slip connection of (not shown) tension clamp and angled guide plate 5. At the bottom of the angled guide plate 5, four reinforcements 5i are formed by a suitable material reduction between the reinforcements 5i. FIGS. 3d to 3f show sections through the angle guide plate 5 according to FIG. 3a along the sections CC (FIG. 3d), DD (FIG. 3e) and EE (FIG. 3f). In all the sections according to FIGS. 3d to 3f, it can be seen that the oblique surface 5g, on the one hand, and the bevel 5h, on the other hand, are provided continuously over the entire width of the angled guide plate 5.
Figur 4 zeigt schließlich perspektivische Ansichten von oben (Figur 4a) sowie von unten (Figur 4b) auf eine erfindungsgemäße Winkelführungsplatte 5. An den der Abschrägung 5h abgewandten Ecken weist die Winkelführungsplatte 5 die oben bereits beschriebenen Taschen 5d, 5e zur Sicherung einer (nicht dargestellten) Zwischenlage auf. Zwischen den Verstärkungen 5i, über die Kraftein leitung in die (nicht dargestellte) Betonschwelle, insbesondere eine (nicht dargestellte) Schulter an einer Betonschwelle hinein erfolgt, wurde bei Einhaltung der geforderten Sicherheitsstandards Material reduziert, um das Gewicht der Winkelführungsplatte 5 insgesamt zu optimieren. Finally, FIG. 4 shows perspective views from above (FIG. 4a) and from below (FIG. 4b) on an angle guide plate 5 according to the invention. At the corners facing away from the bevel 5h, the angle guide plate 5 has the pockets 5d, 5e already described above for securing a pocket (not shown) ) Intermediate layer. Between the reinforcements 5i, via the introduction of force into the concrete sleeper (not shown), in particular a shoulder (not shown) on a concrete sleeper, material has been reduced while maintaining the required safety standards in order to optimize the overall weight of the angled guide plate 5.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Schienenbefestigungssystem zur kraftschlüssig-elastischen Befestigung einer Schiene auf einer Schwelle einer Gleisanlage, umfassend mindestens eine an der Schwelle mit mindestens einer Schraube festlegbare Winkelführungsplatte und mindestens einer Spannklemme, 1. rail fastening system for frictional-elastic fastening of a rail on a threshold of a track system comprising at least one fixable at the threshold with at least one screw angle guide plate and at least one tensioning clamp,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Biegeradien der Spannklemmenarme der Spannklemme vorzugsweise im Bereich von 18 - 70 mm liegen, wobei das Verhältnis einander benachbaren- der Biegeradien innerhalb jedes Spannklemmenarms < 1 ,9 ist und das Verhältnis von deren größten zum kleinsten Biegeradius < 3,8 ist, und  the bending radii of the tension clamp arms of the tension clamp are preferably in the range of 18-70 mm, the ratio of adjacent bending radii within each tension clamp arm being <1.9, and the ratio of their largest to smallest bending radius being <3.8;
dass das Verhältnis von Gewicht zu Breite der Winkelführungsplatte < 1 ,3 g/mm, vorzugsweise ca. 1 ,25 g/mm, beträgt.  the ratio of weight to width of the angled guide plate is <1.3 g / mm, preferably approx. 1.25 g / mm.
2. Schienenbefestigungssystem nach Anspruch 1 , 2. Rail fastening system according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
zwischen dem Schienenfuß und der Schwelle eine Schienenzwischenlage aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material, vorzugsweise Gummimaterial zur Isolation der Schiene gegenüber der Schwelle und / oder den elektrisch leitfähigen Materialien, vorzugsweise Stahlelementen, des Schienenbefestigungssystems angeordnet ist.  between the rail foot and the threshold, a rail intermediate layer of an electrically insulating material, preferably rubber material for insulating the rail against the threshold and / or the electrically conductive materials, preferably steel elements, the rail fastening system is arranged.
3. Schienenbefestigungssystem gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, 3. Rail fastening system according to one of claims 1 or 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
das Stabmaterial der Stammklemme durchgängig einen etwa gleichen Durchmesser, insbesondere im Bereich von etwa 13 - 15 mm, besonders bevorzugt von 14,5 mm, aufweist. the rod material of the parent clamp consistently has an approximately equal diameter, in particular in the range of about 13-15 mm, particularly preferably 14.5 mm.
4. Schienenbefestigungssystem gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 4. Rail fastening system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that
die Anspannkraft der Spannklemme > 14 kN beträgt und die Spannklemme eine vertikale Dauerfestigkeit bei Schwingungen mit einer Amplitude von > 3,5 mm aufweist.  the clamping force of the tension clamp is> 14 kN and the tension clamp has a vertical fatigue strength at vibrations with an amplitude of> 3.5 mm.
5. Schienenbefestigungssystem gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 5. Rail fastening system according to one of claims 1 to 4
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Winkelführungsplatte an ihrer Oberseite eine schräge Oberfläche und an ihrer Unterseite angeordnete Verstärkungen aufweist.  the angled guide plate has on its upper side an inclined surface and reinforcements arranged on its underside.
6. Schienenbefestigungssystem gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 6. Rail fastening system according to one of claims 1 to 5
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Breite der Winkelführungsplatte > 110 mm, vorzugsweise 150 mm, beträgt.  the width of the angled guide plate> 110 mm, preferably 150 mm.
7. Schienenbefestigungssystem gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 7. Rail fastening system according to one of claims 1 to 6
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
das Verhältnis der Hälfte der Spannklemmenbreite zur Höhe der Spannklemme > 2,6 beträgt.  the ratio of half of the clamp width to the height of the clamp is> 2.6.
8. Schienenbefestigungssystem gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7 8. Rail fastening system according to one of claims 2 to 7
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Winkelführungsplatte Mittel, vorzugsweise seitliche Taschen, zur Aufnahme und Sicherung der Schienenzwischenlage aufweist.  the angle guide plate means, preferably lateral pockets, for receiving and securing the rail intermediate has.
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2718498B1 (en) 2016-04-06
RS54793B1 (en) 2016-10-31
HUE027747T2 (en) 2016-10-28
DK2718498T3 (en) 2016-07-25
CA2838423C (en) 2019-03-19
SI2718498T1 (en) 2016-07-29
ZA201308374B (en) 2014-07-30
AU2012266790A1 (en) 2014-01-09
CA2838423A1 (en) 2012-12-13
MA35248B1 (en) 2014-07-03
CN103748285B (en) 2016-11-23
BR112013031605A2 (en) 2016-12-06
MX339653B (en) 2016-06-02
US20140103132A1 (en) 2014-04-17
AU2012266790B2 (en) 2017-06-22
WO2012167947A1 (en) 2012-12-13
PT2718498T (en) 2016-07-14
RU2013158333A (en) 2015-07-20
US9290888B2 (en) 2016-03-22
JP6095650B2 (en) 2017-03-15
UA113521C2 (en) 2017-02-10
MX2013014492A (en) 2014-03-27
BR112013031605B1 (en) 2021-02-09
KR101981601B1 (en) 2019-05-23
KR20140028048A (en) 2014-03-07
PL2718498T3 (en) 2016-09-30
RU2592184C2 (en) 2016-07-20
ES2574419T3 (en) 2016-06-17
CN103748285A (en) 2014-04-23
JP2014516126A (en) 2014-07-07

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