EP2710236A2 - Dispositif et procédé d'utilisation de la chaleur perdue d'un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé d'utilisation de la chaleur perdue d'un moteur à combustion interne

Info

Publication number
EP2710236A2
EP2710236A2 EP12718144.4A EP12718144A EP2710236A2 EP 2710236 A2 EP2710236 A2 EP 2710236A2 EP 12718144 A EP12718144 A EP 12718144A EP 2710236 A2 EP2710236 A2 EP 2710236A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
expansion machine
internal combustion
combustion engine
drive train
waste heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12718144.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Krueger
Gregory Rewers
Nadja Eisenmenger
Achim Brenk
Dieter Seher
Hans-Christoph Magel
Andreas Wengert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2710236A2 publication Critical patent/EP2710236A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K15/00—Adaptations of plants for special use
    • F01K15/02—Adaptations of plants for special use for driving vehicles, e.g. locomotives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/12—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engines being mechanically coupled
    • F01K23/14—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engines being mechanically coupled including at least one combustion engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for using the waste heat of an internal combustion engine.
  • the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy preferably takes place with the aid of an ORC process (Organic Rankine Cycle):
  • ORC process Organic Rankine Cycle:
  • a liquid working medium is compressed to a working pressure and conveyed to at least one heat exchanger.
  • the waste heat from the exhaust gas or the exhaust gas recirculation is transmitted via the or the heat exchanger to the working medium of the ORC process, which is thereby evaporated.
  • the steam is then expanded in an expansion machine, whereby mechanical energy is recovered and released.
  • Expansion machines are preferably piston engines or turbines used.
  • a charging device which serves to utilize the waste heat of an internal combustion engine.
  • At the exhaust tract of the internal combustion engine at least one heat exchanger of a
  • Thermodynamic circuit attached to a working medium.
  • a turbine part and a delivery unit are arranged in the circuit.
  • a compressor part arranged in the intake tract of the internal combustion engine is driven via the turbine part.
  • Driving condition (traffic situation, load, slope, speed, etc.) depends, it is subject to strong changes. Similarly, the need for drive power and the power requirement of the ancillary components is subject to strong fluctuations, so that the distribution of the power obtained from the steam power process on crankshaft or the drive train and ancillaries of the vehicle must be continuously adjusted to optimize the use of the thermodynamic work to allow the waste heat gained energy.
  • the object of the present invention is an apparatus and a method for improved utilization of the waste heat of an internal combustion engine
  • the object is achieved by a device for waste heat utilization of an internal combustion engine, which is designed for driving a drive train, the device having a thermodynamic working circuit that uses the waste heat of the internal combustion engine for driving an expansion machine.
  • Expansion machine which is designed for example as a drive shaft, is connected to a mechanical distributor device which is suitable for selectively transmitting the mechanical energy generated by the expansion machine in operation to the drive train and / or at least one further mechanically drivable component (accessory).
  • the mechanical energy generated by the expansion engine from the waste heat of the internal combustion engine is selectively transmitted to the drive train of the internal combustion engine and / or a further mechanically drivable component (auxiliary unit).
  • a device according to the invention and a method according to the invention make it possible to optimally utilize the waste heat of the internal combustion engine in each operating state, since the mechanical energy transmitted to the drive train or the further component can be optimally adapted to the respective operating state.
  • the at least one further component is designed as an electrical generator. So the waste heat of the
  • Internal combustion engine for generating the operation for example, a vehicle, necessary electric power can be used.
  • the internal combustion engine is not charged additionally, so that an increased fuel consumption is avoided.
  • the at least one further component is designed as a hydraulic compressor or as a pneumatic compressor.
  • the hydraulic or pneumatic pressure as e.g. to operate a brake system is necessary to be generated by utilizing the waste heat of the internal combustion engine.
  • the waste heat By using the waste heat, the internal combustion engine is not charged additionally, so that an increased fuel consumption is avoided.
  • the proportion of the mechanical energy generated by the expander machine, which is respectively transmitted to the drive train and the further component can be varied.
  • a variable energy transfer enables a particularly efficient use of the energy generated by the expansion machine, since the distribution of energy is always optimally adapted to the respective operating state and the energy currently required by the component.
  • the distributor device is designed, for example, as a transfer case and in particular as a planetary gear. Here is the sun's wheel of
  • Planetary gear e.g. connected to the internal combustion engine, the planet carrier with the expansion machine and the ring gear with the other component.
  • the distributor device as a planetary gear has a change in the load of the other component with the result that also changes the force acting on the ring gear of the planetary gear mechanical torque. This allows both the load distribution of the
  • Expansionsmaschine emitted energy between the other component and the drive train and the transmission ratio between the Internal combustion engine and the expansion machine can be varied continuously.
  • Such a planetary gear mechanism therefore provides a cost-effective, reliable and reliable distributor device which allows a stepless distribution of the energy produced by the expansion engine to the drive train and at least one further component,
  • the generator can also be operated as a motor and it is possible to use the generator via the distributor device as a starting device for the expansion machine. This is particularly advantageous when it comes to the
  • Expansion machine is an expansion machine that does not start by itself, but must be started by a starter.
  • a freewheel may be provided between the transfer case and the internal combustion engine to prevent the engine from being dragged at low speed (e.g., idle) by a faster-running expander machine, consuming energy generated by the expander.
  • a further component is designed as a hydraulic or pneumatic compressor, it is additionally possible to provide a pressure accumulator in order to store excess energy which is not required in a respective current operating state for driving the drive train for later use.
  • a transmission or reduction gear between the expansion machine and the transfer case, a transmission or reduction gear
  • a planetary gear can be used as a transmission or reduction gear.
  • a planetary gear can be used as a transmission or reduction gear.
  • Hydraulic compressor and / or pneumatic compressor are more
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an apparatus for
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic section through a planetary gear, as it can be used as a transfer case.
  • thermodynamic working circuit 4 shows a schematic representation of a device for waste heat utilization of an internal combustion engine 2 with a thermodynamic working circuit 4, in which a working medium circulates.
  • thermodynamic working group 4 are in the flow direction of the working medium
  • Heat exchanger 8 an expansion machine 10, a capacitor 12 and a pump 6 are arranged.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 can be used, in particular, as an air-compressing,
  • the device is suitable for waste heat utilization for applications in motor vehicles with a gasoline or diesel engine.
  • a device according to the invention for the use of waste heat is also suitable for other applications.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 burns fuel to generate mechanical energy.
  • the resulting exhaust gases are discharged via an exhaust system 21, in which a not shown in the figure 1 exhaust gas catalyst can be arranged.
  • a line section of the exhaust system 21 is through a
  • Heat exchanger 8 out. Heat energy from the exhaust gases or the Exhaust gas recirculation is transmitted via the line section 21 in the heat exchanger 8 to the working medium of the thermodynamic working circuit 4, so that the working fluid is heated in the heat exchanger 8 and possibly superheated and evaporated.
  • the heat exchanger 8 of the thermodynamic working circuit 4 is connected via a line 26 to the expansion machine 10.
  • the expansion machine 10 may be configured, for example, as a turbine or piston engine. Through the line 26, the heated working fluid flows to
  • Expansion machine 10 drives it.
  • the expansion machine 10 has a drive shaft 1 1, via which the mechanical energy generated by the expansion machine 10 is output. After flowing through the expansion machine 10 is the
  • Condenser 12 cooled and possibly liquefied.
  • the condenser 12 may be connected to a cooling circuit 20 in order to remove the heat from the working medium particularly effectively.
  • This cooling circuit 20 may be e.g. to act the cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine 2.
  • the working medium cooled in the condenser 12 is conveyed through the line 29 by a pump 6 into the line 24.
  • a pressure control valve 27 which serves to regulate the pressure of the working medium in the inlet to the heat exchanger 8.
  • Evaporation temperature of the working medium can be regulated by means of the pressure set by the pressure control valve 27 in the inlet to the heat exchanger 8.
  • a bypass connection 31 can be provided parallel to the pump 6, in which a pressure relief valve 30 is located.
  • the pressure relief valve 30 the maximum allowable pressure of the working medium between the pump 6 and heat exchanger 8 limit.
  • the line 24 leads directly into the heat exchanger 8, in which the working medium is heated and optionally evaporated or superheated. Via the line 26 the heated working medium again reaches the expansion machine 10 and the working medium again flows through the thermodynamic working circuit 4.
  • the passage direction of the working medium is determined by the thermodynamic working group 4.
  • thermodynamic requirements are used.
  • thermodynamic working group 4 is also a bypass connection
  • bypass connection 15 which is connected in parallel to the expansion machine 10.
  • the bypass connection 15 establishes a connection between the line 26 between the heat exchanger 8 and the expansion machine 10 and the line 28 between the expansion machine 10 and the condenser 12.
  • the bypass connection 15 is another
  • Bypass pressure control valve 16 is arranged. Instead of the other
  • Bypass pressure control valve 16 may also be a pressure relief valve 32 in the bypass connection 15. By opening the bypass pressure control valve 16, the working fluid can be passed to the expansion machine 10 passing directly from the heat exchanger 8 to the condenser 12, at high pressure in the working circuit 4 damage to components of the line 26 and / or
  • Component 25 are connected to a transfer case 14.
  • Transfer case 14 is designed in such a way that the mechanical energy output by expansion machine 10 via its drive shaft 11 can optionally be transferred to drive shaft 22, 23 or to additional component 25 in addition to the mechanical energy supplied by internal combustion engine 2.
  • the drive shaft 22, 23 may be part of the example
  • the further component 25 may be, for example, an electric generator, a hydraulic compressor or a pneumatic compressor.
  • a freewheel 34 is disposed between the engine 2 and the transfer case 14 in order to prevent the expansion machine 10 at a low waste heat supply of the
  • Translation or reduction gear 36 is provided which is adapted to the rotational speed of the drive shaft 1 1 of the expansion machine 10 to the rotational speed of the drive shaft 22 of the engine 2 and des
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic section through a planetary gear 42, as it can be used as a transfer case 14.
  • the drive shaft 22 of the engine 2 is connected to the sun gear 50 of the planetary gear 42.
  • the expansion machine 10 acts on the planet carrier 48 of the planetary gear 42, and the further component 25 is in operative connection with the ring gear 44 of the planetary gear 42nd
  • a change in the load of the component 25 results in that the mechanical torque acting on the ring gear 44 of the planetary gear 40 changes.
  • both the load sharing of the energy output from the expansion engine O between the component 25 and the power train 23 and the gear ratio between the engine 2 and the expansion engine 10 can be varied steplessly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif d'utilisation de la chaleur perdue d'un moteur à combustion interne (2) comprenant un circuit de travail thermodynamique (4), dans lequel circule un fluide de travail. Dans le sens d'écoulement du fluide de travail sont disposés une pompe (6), au moins un échangeur de chaleur (8), au moins une machine à expansion (10) et au moins un condenseur (12), l'énergie mécanique produite par la machine à expansion (10) étant transmise sélectivement à une chaîne cinématique (23) et/ou à au moins un autre composant (25) pouvant être entraîné mécaniquement.
EP12718144.4A 2011-05-19 2012-04-20 Dispositif et procédé d'utilisation de la chaleur perdue d'un moteur à combustion interne Withdrawn EP2710236A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011076093A DE102011076093A1 (de) 2011-05-19 2011-05-19 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Nutzung der Abwärme einer Brennkraftmaschine
PCT/EP2012/057256 WO2012156175A2 (fr) 2011-05-19 2012-04-20 Dispositif et procédé d'utilisation de la chaleur perdue d'un moteur à combustion interne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2710236A2 true EP2710236A2 (fr) 2014-03-26

Family

ID=46025656

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12718144.4A Withdrawn EP2710236A2 (fr) 2011-05-19 2012-04-20 Dispositif et procédé d'utilisation de la chaleur perdue d'un moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20140150426A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2710236A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011076093A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012156175A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012215551A1 (de) * 2012-09-03 2014-03-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennkraftmaschine
DE102013103829A1 (de) 2013-04-16 2014-10-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Rekuperationssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug
FR3022580A1 (fr) * 2014-06-19 2015-12-25 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif de recuperation d'energie a boucle de rankine
JP6156410B2 (ja) * 2015-02-25 2017-07-05 トヨタ自動車株式会社 ランキンサイクルシステム
DE102015009636A1 (de) 2015-07-25 2017-01-26 Man Truck & Bus Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren für eine kombinierte elektrische und mechanische Nutzung der Energie einer Expansionsmaschine
DE102016222927A1 (de) * 2016-11-21 2018-05-24 Mahle International Gmbh Wärmerückgewinnungseinrichtung
JP6604355B2 (ja) * 2017-04-28 2019-11-13 トヨタ自動車株式会社 廃熱回収装置

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GB1292046A (en) * 1969-01-24 1972-10-11 Plessey Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to power plants for use in a high-pressure environment
GB2124838B (en) * 1982-07-06 1986-04-03 British Shipbuilders Eng Waste heat recovery system driven alternator and auxiliary drive system therefor
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JP2001227616A (ja) * 1999-12-08 2001-08-24 Honda Motor Co Ltd 駆動装置
JP2002115574A (ja) * 2000-10-10 2002-04-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd 車両の推進装置
US6481206B1 (en) * 2001-09-17 2002-11-19 Pao C. Pien Compound cycle internal combustion engine
DE102006057247A1 (de) 2006-12-05 2008-06-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Aufladeeinrichtung
DE602006018806D1 (de) * 2006-12-19 2011-01-20 Renault Trucks Antriebsaggregat für ein kraftfahrzeug und fahrzeug mit solch einem antriebsaggregat
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US8459391B2 (en) * 2007-06-28 2013-06-11 Averill Partners, Llc Air start steam engine
DE102008060950A1 (de) * 2008-12-06 2010-06-10 Daimler Ag Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Abwärmenutzungsvorrichtung insbesondere zur Einspeisung der in nutzbare Leistung umgewandelten Abwärme in den Antrieb des Kraftfahrzeugs
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012156175A3 (fr) 2015-01-22
DE102011076093A1 (de) 2012-11-22
US20140150426A1 (en) 2014-06-05
WO2012156175A2 (fr) 2012-11-22

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