EP2698907B1 - Inverter control method and device, and inverter - Google Patents

Inverter control method and device, and inverter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2698907B1
EP2698907B1 EP13729579.6A EP13729579A EP2698907B1 EP 2698907 B1 EP2698907 B1 EP 2698907B1 EP 13729579 A EP13729579 A EP 13729579A EP 2698907 B1 EP2698907 B1 EP 2698907B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
work
high frequency
inverting
work group
module
Prior art date
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EP13729579.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2698907A1 (en
EP2698907A4 (en
Inventor
Yanzhong ZHANG
Xin Guo
Xuanchun HU
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/5388—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with asymmetrical configuration of switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0043—Converters switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/493—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to an electrical control technology, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for inverter control, and an inverter.
  • An inverter is a common apparatus to invert a direct current into an alternating current, so as to feed back the alternating current to an alternating current power grid. For example, after a solar panel generates a direct current, the direct current needs to be inverted into an alternating current by using an inverter and feed it back to an alternating current power grid.
  • a typical inverter structure in the prior art includes two high frequency bridge arms and corresponding high frequency inductors, which form two inverting modules, each of which is connected to a charging capacitor in parallel through an industrial frequency bridge arm to charge the charging capacitor.
  • a charging capacitor is connected to a charging inductor in series, to feed amount of electricity of the charging capacitor back to an alternating current power grid.
  • a basic working principle is: in each sine wave cycle of a power grid, two switches of a high frequency bridge arm are controlled to be turned on alternatively, to charge the charging capacitor; at the same time, switches of an industrial frequency arm are controlled to be turned on alternatively, to switch a direction of a current of the charging capacitor which is fed back to the power grid, to implement conversion from a direct current to an alternating current.
  • two inverting modules work simultaneously and charging currents are staggered and superposed to form a final output current.
  • an inverter in the foregoing full-wave staggered working mode has a certain technical defect: when an instantaneous current that needs to be fed back to a power grid is too small, to obtain a proper current value, a high switching frequency is required to control turning-on and turning-off of switches on a high frequency bridge arm; frequent change of a current direction results in high loss of devices in an inverter, such as a switch and an inductor.
  • a bridge circuit consists of four MOSFETs with antiparallel diodes and an additional auxiliary arm containing two further MOSFETs. On the ac side, a capacitor is connected for shaping a load voltage into a sinusoidal wave together with the corresponding LC filters of the bridge arms.
  • EP 1 531 538 A2 describes a boost converter with which the current path between a rectifier provided for rectifying the alternating voltage of mains and the load is divided into multiple current channels whose current flow can be influenced independently by power switches.
  • a microcontroller is provided for triggering the switches.
  • One of the channels is operated as a master channel with an independent operation, and the further channels are operated as slave channels with start signals being generated dependent on output signals from the master channel.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method according to claim 1 and an apparatus for inverter control according to claim 3, and an inverter according to claim 5, to optimize working performance of an inverter.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for control of a direct current / alternating current inverter, wherein the inverter control determines, according to a requirement on an alternating current which is fed back to a power grid, a value of an alternating current that should be output with the change of a sine wave cycle, wherein in the sine wave cycle, different quantities of inverting modules are switched and controlled to work, wherein each inverting module comprises a high frequency inductor and a high frequency bridge arm formed by two switches, the high frequency bridge arm is connected to a direct current input end, and each inverting module is further connected to an alternating current output end through a common industrial frequency bridge arm; wherein controlling an inverting module to work comprises that two switch devices of the high frequency bridge arm of the inverting module are controlled to be turned on alternatively such that a current in the high frequency inductor of the inverting module is a triangle wave, the method including: in the sine wave cycle, controlling an inverting module in a first work group to work, to generate an
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for control of a direct current / alternating current inverter, wherein inverter control is configured to determine, according to a requirement on an alternating current which is fed back to a power grid, a value of an alternating current that should be output with the change of a sine wave cycle, wherein in a sine wave cycle, different quantities of inverting modules are configured to be switched and controlled to work, wherein each inverting module comprises a high frequency inductor and a high frequency bridge arm formed by two switches, the high frequency bridge arm is connected to a direct current input end, and each inverting module is further connected to an alternating current output end through an industrial frequency bridge arm; wherein controlling an inverting module to work comprises that two switch devices of the high frequency bridge arm of the inverting module are controlled to be turned on alternatively such that a current in the high frequency inductor of the inverting module is a triangle wave, the apparatus including: a first control module, configured to, in a sine wave cycle, control an inverting
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an inverter, including: at least two inverting modules, connected between a direct current input end and an alternating current output end, wherein 1 inverting module forms a first work group, and 2 inverting modules form a second work group; an apparatus for inverter control provided by any embodiment of the present invention is connected to each of the inverting modules, wherein each inverting module comprises a high frequency inductor and a high frequency bridge arm formed by two switches, the high frequency bridge arm is connected to the direct current input end, and each inverting module is further connected to the alternating current output end through an industrial frequency bridge arm.
  • a method and an apparatus for inverter control, and an inverter provided by embodiments of the present invention switch and control different quantities of inverting modules to work, to make the loss of the inverter adapt to a current working status and optimize the working performance of the inverter.
  • the foregoing technical solutions may control the switching operation according to an output current value, to reduce the loss of an inverter.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for inverter control, which is applicable to control of a direct current/alternating current inverter. For clear description, the structure of the inverter controlled is first introduced simply.
  • An inverter which is applicable to the embodiment of the present invention includes at least two inverting modules, which are connected between a direct current input end and an alternating current output end; the direct current input end is an input end for providing a direct current, and the alternating current output end is an output end for feeding back an alternating current to a power grid, where m inverting modules form a first work group, n inverting modules form a second work group, and m is smaller than n.
  • the working structure and principle of performing conversion between a direct current and an alternating current by an inverting module may be implemented in a plurality of ways.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a typical inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • each inverting module includes a high frequency bridge arm and a high frequency inductor; the inverting module is connected to two ends of a charging capacitor C3 in parallel through an industrial bridge arm, and the charging capacitor C3 and a charging inductor L3 that are connected in series are connected to an alternating current output end in parallel, to feed back an alternating current to the alternating current output end, where an alternating current voltage is recorded as Ug.
  • Two ends of the high frequency bridge arm are connected to the direct current input end in parallel, as shown in FIG. 1 , the direct current input end inputs an input direct current voltage Ubus.
  • Each high frequency bridge arm includes two switch devices, and the two switch devices are turned on and turned off alternatively, so that a current in a high frequency inductor changes upward and downward to complete the charging of the charging capacitor C3.
  • a high frequency bridge arm formed by switch devices Q1 and Q2 and a high frequency inductor L1 form an inverting module
  • a high frequency bridge arm formed by switch devices Q3 and Q4 and a high frequency inductor L2 form another inverting module.
  • the working principles and structures of the inverting modules are the same.
  • An industrial bridge arm also includes two switch devices, and the two switch devices are turned on and turned off alternatively, to control a direction of a current for charging the charging capacitor C3. As shown in FIG.
  • switch devices Q5 and Q6 form an industrial bridge arm.
  • a sine wave of an alternating current voltage in a power grid is in a positive half wave, that is, when Ug>0, Q6 is turned on and Q5 is turned off; when a sine wave of an alternating current voltage in the power grid is in a negative half wave, that is, when Ug ⁇ 0, Q5 is turned on and Q6 is turned off.
  • a sine wave of an alternating current voltage in the power grid is in a negative half wave, that is, when Ug ⁇ 0, Q5 is turned on and Q6 is turned off.
  • different quantities of inverting modules may be controlled to work, to improve flexibility of control of inverters.
  • the technical solution is especially applicable to a case in which an output current varies in a sine wave cycle; different quantities of inverting modules may be selected to work, that is, according to the change of a value of an output current which is fed back to a power grid, a first work group and a second work group are controlled to work alternatively, in order to properly reduce an on-off frequency of a switch device in an inverting module, reduce device loss, and improve the service life and working efficiency of the inverter.
  • the operation of controlling a first work group and a second work group to work alternatively according to the change of a value of an output current which is fed back to a power grid include the following steps:
  • the inverter shown in FIG. 1 is taken as an example to describe a working principle.
  • the first work group includes an inverting module, and the second work group includes two inverting modules.
  • An apparatus for inverter control determines, according to a requirement on an alternating current which is fed back to the power grid, a value of an alternating current that should be output with the change of a sine wave cycle.
  • a value of an output current which is fed back to the power grid should be lower than the set threshold ig1
  • one inverting module is only controlled to work, that is, two switch devices of a high frequency bridge arm are controlled to be turned on alternatively.
  • the change of an output current value iL1 of the inverting module of the high frequency bridge arm is shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the current in the high frequency inductor L1 is a triangle wave, as shown by a thin solid line in FIG. 2 .
  • An envelope of the triangle wave forms an output alternating current, whose current value is recorded as ig.
  • a high frequency bridge arm of switch devices Q3 and Q4 is similar to the working process of a high frequency bridge arm of the switch devices Q1 and Q2, and a current in a high frequency inductor L2 is a triangle wave, as shown by a thin dotted line in FIG. 2 .
  • iL1 and iL2 are always staggered by 180 degrees in a high frequency cycle, to implement alternative working.
  • the triangle waves of the two currents overlay, and their envelopes form an output alternating current.
  • ig2 is two times of ig1.
  • the two thresholds are both understood as absolute values and working processes of a positive half wave and a negative half wave are symmetric in a mirror image.
  • a sine wave cycle of a grid-tied current is divided into two parts, independent working of a single bridge arm and alternative working of two bridge arms.
  • drive loss can be reduced by decreasing a drive frequency of a control apparatus, and switching loss can be reduced by decreasing a switching frequency of a high frequency bridge arm; correspondingly, the change frequency of a current in an inductor also decreases, so inductor loss can be reduced, and reducing loss may certainly result in improvement of efficiency.
  • the current threshold based on which switching is performed may be set after loss and inversion efficiency are comprehensively considered. Normally, at a current threshold, loss of working of a single bridge arm and loss of working of two bridge arms are almost the same, and a detailed value relates to an actual circuit.
  • the basis for controlling switching between work groups is not limited to an output current value; switching can be controlled according to other parameters, such as an output voltage value and an input voltage value.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inverter control according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the control apparatus may be undertaken by hardware and implemented by software, for example, by a digital signal processor (Digital Singinal Processor, DSP), which controls an inverter to implement conversion from a direct current to an alternating current.
  • DSP Digital Singinal Processor
  • the control apparatus includes: a switching control module 20, configured to, in a sine wave cycle, control a first work group and a second work group to work alternatively, to generate an alternating current which is fed back to a power grid, where the first work group includes m inverting modules, the second work group includes n inverting modules, and m is smaller than n.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment may implement the method for inverter control provided in the embodiment of the present invention; with corresponding function modules, different quantities of inverting modules are controlled to work, to improve flexibility of control of inverters, especially to decrease an on-off frequency of a switch in an inverting module according to the change situation of a current and to reduce device loss.
  • An Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides an inverter which includes at least two inverting modules connected between a direct current input end and an alternating current output end, where m inverting modules form a first work group, n inverting modules form a second work group, and m is smaller than n.
  • the inverter further includes an apparatus for inverter control provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which is connected to each inverting module. Work groups with different quantities of inverting modules work alternatively, and inverting modules may be assigned to different work groups.
  • each inverting module may include a high frequency inductor and a high frequency bridge arm formed by two switches, where the high frequency bridge arm is connected to the direct current input end, and each inverting module is connected to the alternating current output end through an industrial frequency bridge arm.
  • the detailed structure of an inverting module is not limited to the foregoing description; an inverter circuit capable of implementing conversion between a direct current and an alternating current may be used as an inverting module.
  • the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium includes any medium that is capable of storing program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
EP13729579.6A 2012-06-27 2013-01-18 Inverter control method and device, and inverter Active EP2698907B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201210215692 2012-06-27
CN201210227609.3A CN102761283B (zh) 2012-06-27 2012-07-03 逆变器控制方法、装置和逆变器
PCT/CN2013/070727 WO2014000440A1 (zh) 2012-06-27 2013-01-18 逆变器控制方法、装置和逆变器

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EP2698907A1 EP2698907A1 (en) 2014-02-19
EP2698907A4 EP2698907A4 (en) 2014-12-03
EP2698907B1 true EP2698907B1 (en) 2020-04-22

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CN102761283B (zh) * 2012-06-27 2015-11-25 华为技术有限公司 逆变器控制方法、装置和逆变器
CN106990309B (zh) * 2017-04-28 2023-07-07 荣信汇科电气股份有限公司 一种采用交流试验电源的换流阀稳态运行试验装置及方法
CN107204720B (zh) * 2017-07-03 2018-08-21 珠海英搏尔电气股份有限公司 一种交直流变换电路、交直流变换器及其控制方法
CN109217345B (zh) * 2018-11-01 2020-06-26 东莞市新瑞能源技术有限公司 一种自然能源与储能设备结合的离网供电系统充放电时对igbt的保护控制方法
CN112440767B (zh) * 2019-08-30 2022-09-09 比亚迪股份有限公司 充电控制方法、系统及其存储介质
CN112440768B (zh) * 2019-09-05 2022-07-15 比亚迪股份有限公司 充电控制方法、充电控制模块及其存储介质
CN113224964B (zh) * 2021-06-16 2021-11-12 南通大学 一种单相单级式升压逆变器的控制方法

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Publication number Publication date
CN102761283A (zh) 2012-10-31
CN102761283B (zh) 2015-11-25
EP2698907A1 (en) 2014-02-19
EP2698907A4 (en) 2014-12-03
WO2014000440A1 (zh) 2014-01-03

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