EP2698499A1 - Method and device producing and measuring a borehole - Google Patents

Method and device producing and measuring a borehole Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2698499A1
EP2698499A1 EP12005850.8A EP12005850A EP2698499A1 EP 2698499 A1 EP2698499 A1 EP 2698499A1 EP 12005850 A EP12005850 A EP 12005850A EP 2698499 A1 EP2698499 A1 EP 2698499A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
borehole
measuring
cable
measuring body
drilling tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12005850.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2698499B1 (en
Inventor
Christoph Schwanz
Ulli Wiedenmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH filed Critical Bauer Spezialtiefbau GmbH
Priority to ES12005850.8T priority Critical patent/ES2525921T3/en
Priority to EP12005850.8A priority patent/EP2698499B1/en
Priority to CA2821150A priority patent/CA2821150C/en
Priority to TW102126244A priority patent/TWI513893B/en
Priority to US13/950,162 priority patent/US9464518B2/en
Priority to RU2013134744/03A priority patent/RU2570688C2/en
Priority to SG2013056718A priority patent/SG2013056718A/en
Priority to MYPI2013002971A priority patent/MY166248A/en
Publication of EP2698499A1 publication Critical patent/EP2698499A1/en
Priority to HK14102829.7A priority patent/HK1189642A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2698499B1 publication Critical patent/EP2698499B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/04—Measuring depth or liquid level
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
    • E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/007—Measuring stresses in a pipe string or casing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
    • E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
    • E21B47/0228—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism using electromagnetic energy or detectors therefor
    • E21B47/0232—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism using electromagnetic energy or detectors therefor at least one of the energy sources or one of the detectors being located on or above the ground surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for creating and measuring a borehole in the ground according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an arrangement for creating and measuring a borehole in the ground according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an arrangement for creating and measuring a borehole in the ground, which allow reliable creation and measurement of the borehole.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the borehole is created by drilling, that between a carrier unit above a ground surface and a measuring body is tensioned a measuring cable, that the measuring body is inserted and lowered into the borehole in the ground, that the positions of at least two vertically spaced cable points of the tensioned measuring cable are determined by means of angular and distance measurements and that on the basis of the determined positions of Rope points the position of the measuring body in the borehole is determined as a measure of the position of the borehole.
  • the arrangement for creating and measuring the borehole in the ground is inventively characterized in that a rotatably drivable drilling tool for creating the borehole is provided that a measuring body is provided, which is suitable for use in the wellbore and lowered, the measuring body in contact with a Boreholewandung is that a measuring cable is provided, which is tensioned between a pivot point on a support unit above a ground surface and the measuring body in the borehole, that a measuring device is provided, by means of which by means of angular and distance measurements, the positions of at least two vertically spaced points of the cable tensioned Measuring cable can be determined, and that an evaluation device is provided, with which the position of the measuring body in the borehole as a measure of the position of the borehole on the basis of the determined positions of the cable points can be determined.
  • a first basic idea of the invention can be seen in tensioning a measuring cable between the carrier unit above the ground surface and the measuring body in the borehole.
  • the orientation of the measuring cable in the room is determined. Based on the determined orientation of the measuring cable, the position of the measuring body in the borehole and thus the position of a corresponding section of the borehole is determined.
  • the spatial positions of at least two cable points of the measuring cable are determined. These rope points are basically freely selectable, but are preferably above the soil surface. Between the spaced-apart cable points, a mathematical vector is spanned whose orientation is used to determine the position of the measuring body.
  • the position of the measuring body or the point of articulation of the measuring cable on the measuring body can be determined via the direction of expansion of the measuring cable and the position of a cable point with respect to a given reference point.
  • At least two measuring cables are stretched between the measuring body and the carrier unit.
  • the arrangement of several measuring cables makes it possible to determine not only the pure position of the measuring body but also its spatial orientation.
  • a lateral tilting of the measuring body, in particular a deviation from the vertical can be determined by a plurality of measuring cables.
  • At least two positions of the measuring body are determined at different depths in the borehole. It is particularly preferred that a first position of the measuring body in the region of a drill neck, ie at the upper end of the borehole, and a second position of the measuring body are determined at a predetermined depth below the drill neck. This makes it possible to reliably detect a deviation or an offset of the borehole from the drilling attachment.
  • a depth position of the measuring body is determined. Based on the known depth position as well as the known vector between the rope points, the position of the measuring body in the borehole can be precisely calculated.
  • the depth of the measuring body can be determined for example via a measuring device on the measuring body or by determining the cable length, starting from a reference point.
  • the cable length of the measuring cable between a known reference point, for example on the carrier unit, and the articulation point on the measuring body can be determined, for example, by a Abspulpen of a winch.
  • a drilling tool which is used to create the borehole, from the borehole is pulled and that the drilling tool swung after pulling out of the wellbore from a borehole axis and the separate measuring body is pivoted into the borehole axis.
  • the measuring body can then be inserted along the borehole axis in the borehole and lower it.
  • both the drilling tool and the measuring body are held by a pivotable mast of the carrier unit and can pivot out of the borehole axis by pivoting the mast or pivot into the borehole axis. The insertion of the measuring body in the created hole can thus be particularly easily accomplished.
  • no separate measuring body is used, but the measuring body formed by the drilling tool, which is used to create the borehole.
  • the drilling tool contacts the borehole wall in the borehole and is thus centered within the borehole. It is therefore inevitably fitting in the borehole, so that the position of the drilling tool in the borehole reliably maps the position of the borehole in the appropriate place.
  • the drilling tool When using a common or integrated drilling tool and measuring body, it is preferred that the drilling tool is pulled out of the borehole and then the measuring cable attached to the drilling tool and the drilling tool is lowered again with the attached measuring cable for measuring the borehole in the borehole.
  • the drilling tool thus serves in a first method step for drilling hole production and in a second method step as a measuring body for measuring the borehole.
  • the drilling tool is preferably not rotationally driven.
  • the determination of the position of the drilling tool in the borehole preferably takes place when the boring tool is stationary.
  • the measuring cable is detached from the drilling tool, which also forms the measuring body, and stowed on the carrier unit. After pulling the drilling tool out of the borehole, the measuring cable is fastened to the boring tool, the boring tool is lowered again into the borehole and the measuring cable is tensioned.
  • the borehole is filled with a curable medium to create a pile in the ground.
  • a curable medium to create a bored pile wall.
  • the measuring body has a body with a diameter corresponding to the borehole. This ensures a suitable insertion and alignment of the measuring body in the borehole.
  • a suitable or defined position of the measuring body in the borehole is understood in particular to mean an arrangement in which the measuring body is defined, in particular centered, by contacting the borehole wall in the borehole cross section, so that due to the position of the measuring body it can be directly closed to the corresponding borehole section.
  • the measuring cable can be tensioned, for example, by the carrier unit having a mast and a carriage movably mounted on the mast, and a pivot point for the measuring cable being arranged on the carriage movably mounted along the mast.
  • the measuring cable can be tensioned between the articulation point on the carriage and the opposing articulation point on the measuring body.
  • the articulation point on the carriage can be formed for example by a fixed point, a pulley or a winch.
  • the carriage movable along the mast has a drill drive for rotationally driving a drill pipe.
  • the point of articulation for the measuring cable is provided on a non-rotating part of the carriage, for example on a carriage main body or a housing of the drill drive.
  • the carrier unit has a mast that the mast is pivotally mounted on a base and that by pivoting the mast either the drilling tool for creating the borehole or the separate measuring body in a borehole axis Borehole can be arranged.
  • the base of the carrier unit may be, for example, a carrier vehicle that can be moved on the ground surface.
  • the measuring body is formed by the rotationally drivable drilling tool.
  • the measuring cable can thus be fastened directly to the rotary drivable drilling tool, wherein the measurement of the borehole is preferably carried out at a stationary drilling tool.
  • the drilling tool can first be pulled out of the borehole for the purpose of measuring the borehole. Subsequently, the measuring cable can be fastened to the drilling tool and the drilling tool can be lowered again into the borehole in order to carry out a measurement.
  • the measuring cable is preferably detachable, ie temporary, attachable to the drilling tool.
  • a winch for receiving the measuring cable is provided.
  • the winch can be located on the carrier unit, in particular on its base or mast, or on a separate unit next to the carrier unit. On the mast, the winch can be attached via a crossbar.
  • the winch In addition to a safe picking up of the measuring cable, in particular between individual measurements of the borehole or during the drilling process, the winch also enables a reliable tensioning of the measuring cable by winding the measuring cable onto the cable winch.
  • the measuring cable is guided over a deflection roller, in particular on the carriage.
  • the measuring cable can be guided via the deflection roller on the carriage into the borehole axis.
  • the deflection roller on the carriage in this case forms a point of articulation of the measuring cable on the carriage.
  • the measuring device is located on or above the ground surface with an unobstructed view of the measuring cable.
  • the measuring device aims at the ropes and determines the position of the rope in the room via at least two measured values.
  • the two measuring points are located at different heights above the ground surface.
  • a measuring device is used for angle and distance measurement, which allows angle measurements in the vertical and horizontal directions and additionally the measurement of a distance.
  • a total station is used as a measuring device.
  • the measuring cable is optically sighted by the tachymeter.
  • the measuring device emits an electromagnetic beam, for example a light beam, which is reflected by the targeted cable point.
  • the rope point can basically be any point on the measuring cable.
  • There is a measurement of the distance of the cable point from the meter for example by means of transit time measurement or phase shift.
  • the angle of the light beam directed at the cable point with respect to a given reference axis is determined. Through the distance and angle measurement carried out in this way, the position of the targeted cable point in the room can be determined. The determination of the position of the at least one further cable point takes place in the same way.
  • the light beam is preferably light in the infrared range and preferably a laser beam.
  • the center of the rope for example, with a crosshair of the tachymeter, be anvinstrument.
  • the sighting is preferably done only after calming the ropes, so with ropes as possible.
  • FIG Fig. 1 A first embodiment of an arrangement 10 according to the invention for creating and measuring a borehole 60 is shown in FIG Fig. 1 shown.
  • the assembly 10 comprises a carrier unit 12, in particular a drill, with a base 14, a mast 20 and a carriage 30.
  • the base 14 is formed in the illustrated embodiment by a carrier vehicle and includes an undercarriage 16 and one on the undercarriage 16 around a vertical axis of rotation rotatably mounted upper carriage 18th
  • the mast 20 is pivotally mounted on the base 14. Along a mast axis 22 guide rails 24 are provided, on which the carriage 30 is movably guided.
  • the carriage 30 comprises a drill drive 32 with a housing 34.
  • a measuring cable 40 is tensioned.
  • the measuring cable 40 is guided by a winch 28 on the base 14 of the carrier unit 12 via a deflection roller 26 on the carriage 30 to the drilling tool 38.
  • the deflection roller 26 is located on the drill drive 32, which is in particular a force rotary head, and forms an upper articulation point 31 for the measuring cable 40.
  • a lower articulation point 39 is provided on the drilling tool 38.
  • the measuring cable 40 is guided downwards.
  • a straight connecting line between the upper articulation point 31 and the lower articulation point 39 runs parallel to the drill string or drill pipe 36.
  • the measuring cable 40 may in particular be a steel cable.
  • a plurality of measuring cables 40 in particular two measuring cables 40, can also be provided, as in FIG Fig. 1 shown schematically on the right of the drill string.
  • a measuring device 50 Remote from the carrier unit 12 above a bottom surface 58, a measuring device 50 is arranged, which may be in particular a total station. By means of the measuring device 50, cable points 42, in particular visually, can be sighted and their spatial positions determined as measured values. The measuring or rope points 42 are located above the ground surface or outside or above the borehole 60.
  • a vector 46 can be calculated, in the extension of which the articulation point 39 of the measuring cable 40 is located on the drilling tool 38. Knowing the depth of the drilling tool 38, the exact position of the drilling tool 38 can be determined together with the determined cable points 42.
  • the drilling tool 38 forms in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 a measuring body 48 for measuring the borehole 60.
  • the boring tool 38 or the measuring body 48 bears against a borehole wall 62 of the borehole 60.
  • the drilling tool 38 and the measuring body 48 fits, so in one defined position in the cross section of the borehole 60, arranged.
  • a further cable point 42 can be determined as a control measuring point 44 between two cable points 42, which are also referred to as measuring points. If all the cable points 42 lie on a straight line, a total straight course of the measuring cable 40 can be assumed.
  • a fixed construction site coordinate system can be set up as the reference system.
  • the position of the measuring device 50 with respect to the construction site coordinate system is known.
  • the construction site coordinate system may have one or more fixed points as reference points.
  • the positions of the cable points 42 of the measuring cable 40 can be determined in relation to the construction site coordinate system. This makes it possible to calculate the spatial position of the drilling tool 38 or measuring body 48 in relation to the construction site coordinate system. This allows a precise measurement of the created wellbore 60.
  • a measurement of at least one measuring cable 40 above the borehole 60 takes place at at least two points.
  • a vector 46 formed between these cable points 42 is transmitted to the current drilling depth.
  • the measuring cable 40 which is guided downwards from the deflection roller 26, is fastened to the drilling tool 38 at a holding or articulation point 39 only for the purpose of a measuring movement of the drilling tool 38.
  • FIG Fig. 2 A second embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention is shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown.
  • a separate measuring body 48 is used, which may be in particular a cylindrical body.
  • the measuring body 48 is designed as a measuring bomb, so that the measuring cable 40 is arranged in the borehole 60 at least almost centrally in the selected measuring depth.
  • the articulation point 39 for the exhibition part 40 is located centrally on the measuring body 48.
  • the drilling drive 32 can be pivoted out of the borehole axis, so that the separate measuring body 48 can be inserted into the borehole 60 instead of the boring tool 38.
  • FIG. 2 shows a state with a pivoted mast axis 22 and a drill drive 32 swung out of the borehole axis.
  • the measuring body 48 is suspended from the mast 20 via a measuring cable 40 at an articulation point 31.
  • the articulation point 31 is located next to or offset from an axis of rotation of the drill string 36.
  • the above steps can be repeated with different measuring depths of the measuring body 48.
  • a profile of the borehole 60 can be determined and, in particular, a deviation of the borehole 60 from the vertical can be ascertained.
  • An upper measuring depth is preferably in the region of the drill neck, that is to say in an upper region of the borehole 60 near the bottom surface 58.
  • an evaluation device 70 is provided.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves producing a borehole (60) through drilling. A measuring rope (40) is tensioned between a carrier unit (12) above a ground surface (58) and a measuring body (48). The measuring body is inserted to fit into the borehole in the ground and lowered. Positions of two vertically spaced rope points (42) of the tensioned measuring rope are ascertained by angle and distance measurements and on the basis of the ascertained positions of the rope points. A position of the measuring body in the borehole is determined as measure for location of the borehole. The carrier unit is a drilling apparatus. An independent claim is also included for an arrangement for producing and measuring a borehole in ground.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Erstellen und Vermessen eines Bohrloches im Boden gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Anordnung zum Erstellen und Vermessen eines Bohrloches im Boden gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 9.The invention relates to a method for creating and measuring a borehole in the ground according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an arrangement for creating and measuring a borehole in the ground according to the preamble of claim 9.

Bei dem Erstellen eines Bohrloches im Boden können aufgrund verschiedener Einflussfaktoren Abweichungen von einer gewünschten Ausrichtung oder Lage des Bohrloches auftreten. Insbesondere beispielsweise bei der Erstellung einer Bohrpfahlwand, bei welcher mehrere Bohrpfähle durch Verfüllen eines Bohrloches aneinander angrenzend erstellt werden, ist eine genaue Ausrichtung der einzelnen Bohrpfähle erforderlich, um die gewünschte Dichtigkeit der Bohrpfahlwand zu gewährleisten. Bei jedem einzelnen Bohrloch muss daher sichergestellt werden, dass dieses genau entlang einer vorbestimmten Richtung verläuft.When creating a borehole in the ground, deviations from a desired orientation or position of the borehole can occur due to various influencing factors. In particular, for example, when creating a bored pile wall in which a plurality of bored piles are created by filling a wellbore adjacent to each other, an accurate alignment of the individual bored piles is required to ensure the desired tightness of the bored pile wall. It must therefore be ensured for each individual drill hole that it runs exactly along a predetermined direction.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Anordnung zum Erstellen und Vermessen eines Bohrloches im Boden anzugeben, welche eine zuverlässige Erstellung und Vermessung des Bohrloches ermöglichen.The invention has for its object to provide a method and an arrangement for creating and measuring a borehole in the ground, which allow reliable creation and measurement of the borehole.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 9 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den jeweils abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and a device having the features of claim 9. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims.

Das Verfahren ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Bohrloch durch Bohren erstellt wird, dass zwischen einer Trägereinheit oberhalb einer Bodenoberfläche und einem Messkörper ein Messseil gespannt wird, dass der Messkörper passend in das Bohrloch im Boden eingesetzt und abgesenkt wird, dass mittels Winkel- und Entfernungsmessungen die Positionen von mindestens zwei vertikal beabstandeten Seilpunkten des gespannten Messseiles ermittelt werden und dass auf der Basis der ermittelten Positionen der Seilpunkte die Position des Messkörpers im Bohrloch als Maß für die Lage des Bohrloches bestimmt wird.The method according to the invention is characterized in that the borehole is created by drilling, that between a carrier unit above a ground surface and a measuring body is tensioned a measuring cable, that the measuring body is inserted and lowered into the borehole in the ground, that the positions of at least two vertically spaced cable points of the tensioned measuring cable are determined by means of angular and distance measurements and that on the basis of the determined positions of Rope points the position of the measuring body in the borehole is determined as a measure of the position of the borehole.

Die Anordnung zum Erstellen und Vermessen des Bohrloches im Boden ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein drehend antreibbares Bohrwerkzeug zum Erstellen des Bohrloches vorgesehen ist, dass ein Messkörper vorgesehen ist, welcher passend in das Bohrloch einsetzbar und absenkbar ist, wobei der Messkörper in Kontakt zu einer Bohrlochwandung ist, dass ein Messseil vorgesehen ist, welches zwischen einem Anlenkpunkt an einer Trägereinheit oberhalb einer Bodenoberfläche und dem Messkörper im Bohrloch spannbar ist, dass ein Messgerät vorgesehen ist, durch welches mittels Winkel- und Entfernungsmessungen die Positionen von mindestens zwei vertikal beabstandeten Seilpunkten des gespannten Messseils ermittelbar sind, und dass eine Auswerteeinrichtung vorgesehen ist, mit welcher die Position des Messkörpers im Bohrloch als Maß für die Lage des Bohrloches auf der Basis der ermittelten Positionen der Seilpunkte bestimmbar ist.The arrangement for creating and measuring the borehole in the ground is inventively characterized in that a rotatably drivable drilling tool for creating the borehole is provided that a measuring body is provided, which is suitable for use in the wellbore and lowered, the measuring body in contact with a Boreholewandung is that a measuring cable is provided, which is tensioned between a pivot point on a support unit above a ground surface and the measuring body in the borehole, that a measuring device is provided, by means of which by means of angular and distance measurements, the positions of at least two vertically spaced points of the cable tensioned Measuring cable can be determined, and that an evaluation device is provided, with which the position of the measuring body in the borehole as a measure of the position of the borehole on the basis of the determined positions of the cable points can be determined.

Ein erster Grundgedanke der Erfindung kann darin gesehen werden, zwischen der Trägereinheit oberhalb der Bodenoberfläche und dem Messkörper im Bohrloch ein Messseil zu spannen. Es wird die Ausrichtung des Messseils im Raum ermittelt. Basierend auf der ermittelten Ausrichtung des Messseils wird die Position des Messkörpers im Bohrloch und somit die Position eines entsprechenden Abschnitts des Bohrlochs bestimmt.A first basic idea of the invention can be seen in tensioning a measuring cable between the carrier unit above the ground surface and the measuring body in the borehole. The orientation of the measuring cable in the room is determined. Based on the determined orientation of the measuring cable, the position of the measuring body in the borehole and thus the position of a corresponding section of the borehole is determined.

Erfindungsgemäß werden die räumlichen Positionen von mindestens zwei Seilpunkten des Messseils bestimmt. Diese Seilpunkte sind grundsätzlich frei wählbar, befinden sich jedoch vorzugsweise oberhalb der Bodenoberfläche. Zwischen den voneinander beabstandeten Seilpunkten wird ein mathematischer Vektor aufgespannt, dessen Ausrichtung zur Bestimmung der Position des Messkörpers verwendet wird.According to the invention, the spatial positions of at least two cable points of the measuring cable are determined. These rope points are basically freely selectable, but are preferably above the soil surface. Between the spaced-apart cable points, a mathematical vector is spanned whose orientation is used to determine the position of the measuring body.

Durch das Spannen des Messseils wird ein Verlauf des Messseils entlang einer geraden Linie gewährleistet, so dass sich der Anlenkpunkt des Seils am Messkörper in Verlängerung des durch die Seilpunkte aufgespannten Vektors befindet. Der Vektor zwischen den Seilpunkten wird bis zum Messkörper extrapoliert und so die Position des Messkörpers bestimmt.By tensioning the measuring cable, a course of the measuring cable along a straight line is ensured, so that the point of articulation of the cable on the measuring body is in extension of the vector spanned by the cable points. The vector between the rope points is extrapolated to the measuring body and thus determines the position of the measuring body.

Unter der Voraussetzung der Geradlinigkeit des Messseils lässt sich über die Ausdehnungsrichtung des Messseils sowie die Position eines Seilpunktes bezüglich eines vorgegebenen Bezugspunktes die Position des Messkörpers beziehungsweise des Anlenkpunktes des Messseiles am Messkörper bestimmen.Given the straightness of the measuring cable, the position of the measuring body or the point of articulation of the measuring cable on the measuring body can be determined via the direction of expansion of the measuring cable and the position of a cable point with respect to a given reference point.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden zwischen dem Messkörper und der Trägereinheit mindestens zwei Messseile gespannt. Die Anordnung von mehreren Messseilen ermöglicht es, neben der reinen Position des Messkörpers auch dessen räumliche Ausrichtung zu bestimmen. Insbesondere kann durch mehrere Messseile eine seitliche Verkippung des Messkörpers, insbesondere eine Abweichung von der Vertikalen, festgestellt werden.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, at least two measuring cables are stretched between the measuring body and the carrier unit. The arrangement of several measuring cables makes it possible to determine not only the pure position of the measuring body but also its spatial orientation. In particular, a lateral tilting of the measuring body, in particular a deviation from the vertical, can be determined by a plurality of measuring cables.

Zum Bestimmen eines Tiefenprofils beziehungsweise eines Verlaufes des Bohrloches werden vorzugsweise mindestens zwei Positionen des Messkörpers in unterschiedlichen Tiefen im Bohrloch bestimmt. Besonders bevorzugt ist es, dass eine erste Position des Messkörpers im Bereich eines Bohransatzes, also am oberen Ende des Bohrloches, und eine zweite Position des Messkörpers in einer vorgegebenen Tiefe unterhalb des Bohransatzes bestimmt werden. Hierdurch lässt sich zuverlässig eine Abweichung beziehungsweise ein Versatz des Bohrloches vom Bohransatz feststellen.For determining a depth profile or a course of the borehole, preferably at least two positions of the measuring body are determined at different depths in the borehole. It is particularly preferred that a first position of the measuring body in the region of a drill neck, ie at the upper end of the borehole, and a second position of the measuring body are determined at a predetermined depth below the drill neck. This makes it possible to reliably detect a deviation or an offset of the borehole from the drilling attachment.

Erfindungsgemäß ist es des Weiteren bevorzugt, dass zusätzlich zu den Positionen der Seilpunkte eine Tiefenlage des Messkörpers bestimmt wird. Basierend auf der bekannten Tiefenlage sowie dem bekannten Vektor zwischen den Seilpunkten lässt sich die Position des Messkörpers im Bohrloch präzise berechnen. Die Tiefenlage des Messkörpers kann beispielsweise über eine Messeinrichtung am Messkörper oder durch Bestimmen der Seillänge ausgehend von einem Referenzpunkt ermittelt werden. Die Seillänge des Messseils zwischen einem bekannten Referenzpunkt, beispielsweise an der Trägereinheit, und dem Anlenkpunkt am Messkörper kann beispielsweise durch eine Abspullänge von einer Seilwinde bestimmt werden.According to the invention, it is further preferred that in addition to the positions of the cable points, a depth position of the measuring body is determined. Based on the known depth position as well as the known vector between the rope points, the position of the measuring body in the borehole can be precisely calculated. The depth of the measuring body can be determined for example via a measuring device on the measuring body or by determining the cable length, starting from a reference point. The cable length of the measuring cable between a known reference point, for example on the carrier unit, and the articulation point on the measuring body can be determined, for example, by a Abspullänge of a winch.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, dass ein Bohrwerkzeug, welches zum Erstellen des Bohrloches eingesetzt wird, aus dem Bohrloch gezogen wird und dass das Bohrwerkzeug nach dem Ziehen aus dem Bohrloch aus einer Bohrlochachse herausgeschwenkt und der separate Messkörper in die Bohrlochachse hineingeschwenkt wird. Der Messkörper lässt sich dann entlang der Bohrlochachse in das Bohrloch einsetzen und darin absenken. Vorzugsweise sind sowohl das Bohrwerkzeug als auch der Messkörper über einen schwenkbaren Mast der Trägereinheit gehalten und lassen sich durch Verschwenken des Mastes aus der Bohrlochachse herausschwenken beziehungsweise in die Bohrlochachse hineinschwenken. Das Einsetzen des Messkörpers in das erstellte Bohrloch lässt sich somit besonders einfach bewerkstelligen.In an advantageous embodiment of the method it is provided that a drilling tool, which is used to create the borehole, from the borehole is pulled and that the drilling tool swung after pulling out of the wellbore from a borehole axis and the separate measuring body is pivoted into the borehole axis. The measuring body can then be inserted along the borehole axis in the borehole and lower it. Preferably, both the drilling tool and the measuring body are held by a pivotable mast of the carrier unit and can pivot out of the borehole axis by pivoting the mast or pivot into the borehole axis. The insertion of the measuring body in the created hole can thus be particularly easily accomplished.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird kein separater Messkörper verwendet, sondern der Messkörper durch das Bohrwerkzeug gebildet, welches zum Erstellen des Bohrloches eingesetzt wird. Das Bohrwerkzeug kontaktiert im Bohrloch die Bohrlochwandung und ist somit innerhalb des Bohrloches zentriert. Es befindet sich daher zwangsläufig passend im Bohrloch, so dass die Position des Bohrwerkzeugs im Bohrloch zuverlässig die Lage des Bohrloches an der entsprechenden Stelle abbildet.In a further preferred embodiment, no separate measuring body is used, but the measuring body formed by the drilling tool, which is used to create the borehole. The drilling tool contacts the borehole wall in the borehole and is thus centered within the borehole. It is therefore inevitably fitting in the borehole, so that the position of the drilling tool in the borehole reliably maps the position of the borehole in the appropriate place.

Bei der Verwendung eines gemeinsamen oder integrierten Bohrwerkzeugs und Messkörpers ist es bevorzugt, dass das Bohrwerkzeug aus dem Bohrloch gezogen wird und dass anschließend das Messseil an dem Bohrwerkzeug befestigt und das Bohrwerkzeug mit dem daran befestigten Messseil zur Vermessung des Bohrloches erneut in das Bohrloch abgesenkt wird. Das Bohrwerkzeug dient somit in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt zur Bohrlocherstellung und in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt als Messkörper zur Vermessung des Bohrloches. In dem zweiten Verfahrensschritt wird das Bohrwerkzeug vorzugsweise nicht drehend angetrieben. Die Bestimmung der Position des Bohrwerkzeugs im Bohrloch findet vorzugsweise bei stillstehendem Bohrwerkzeug statt.When using a common or integrated drilling tool and measuring body, it is preferred that the drilling tool is pulled out of the borehole and then the measuring cable attached to the drilling tool and the drilling tool is lowered again with the attached measuring cable for measuring the borehole in the borehole. The drilling tool thus serves in a first method step for drilling hole production and in a second method step as a measuring body for measuring the borehole. In the second method step, the drilling tool is preferably not rotationally driven. The determination of the position of the drilling tool in the borehole preferably takes place when the boring tool is stationary.

Es ist bevorzugt, dass das Messseil während des Bohrvorgangs vom Bohrwerkzeug, welches gleichsam den Messkörper bildet, gelöst und an der Trägereinheit verstaut ist. Nach dem Ziehen des Bohrwerkzeugs aus dem Bohrloch wird das Messseil an dem Bohrwerkzeug befestigt, das Bohrwerkzeug erneut in das Bohrloch abgesenkt und das Messseil gespannt.It is preferred that during the drilling process, the measuring cable is detached from the drilling tool, which also forms the measuring body, and stowed on the carrier unit. After pulling the drilling tool out of the borehole, the measuring cable is fastened to the boring tool, the boring tool is lowered again into the borehole and the measuring cable is tensioned.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird das Bohrloch zum Erstellen eines Pfahls im Boden mit einem aushärtbaren Medium verfüllt. Zum Erstellen einer Bohrpfahlwand können mehrere Bohrlöcher einander überlappend nebeneinander erstellt und mit einem aushärtbaren Medium verfüllt werden.According to a further preferred embodiment, the borehole is filled with a curable medium to create a pile in the ground. To create a bored pile wall several holes can be created overlapping each other side by side and filled with a curable medium.

Hinsichtlich der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung ist es bevorzugt, dass der Messkörper einen Körper mit einem dem Bohrloch entsprechenden Durchmesser aufweist. Dies gewährleistet ein passendes Einsetzen und Ausrichten des Messkörpers in dem Bohrloch. Unter einer passenden oder definierten Position des Messkörpers im Bohrloch wird insbesondere eine Anordnung verstanden, bei welcher der Messkörper durch Kontaktieren der Bohrlochwand im Bohrlochquerschnitt definiert angeordnet, insbesondere zentriert ist, so dass aufgrund der Lage des Messkörpers direkt auf den entsprechenden Bohrlochabschnitt geschlossen werden kann.With regard to the arrangement according to the invention, it is preferred that the measuring body has a body with a diameter corresponding to the borehole. This ensures a suitable insertion and alignment of the measuring body in the borehole. A suitable or defined position of the measuring body in the borehole is understood in particular to mean an arrangement in which the measuring body is defined, in particular centered, by contacting the borehole wall in the borehole cross section, so that due to the position of the measuring body it can be directly closed to the corresponding borehole section.

Das Messseil lässt sich beispielsweise dadurch spannen, dass die Trägereinheit einen Mast und einen an dem Mast verfahrbar gelagerten Schlitten aufweist und dass ein Anlenkpunkt für das Messseil an dem entlang des Mastes verfahrbar gelagerten Schlitten angeordnet ist. Somit lässt sich beispielsweise durch Verfahren des Schlittens entlang des Mastes nach oben das Messseil zwischen dem Anlenkpunkt am Schlitten und dem gegenüberliegenden Anlenkpunkt am Messkörper spannen. Der Anlenkpunkt am Schlitten kann beispielsweise durch einen Festpunkt, eine Umlenkrolle oder eine Seilwinde gebildet sein.The measuring cable can be tensioned, for example, by the carrier unit having a mast and a carriage movably mounted on the mast, and a pivot point for the measuring cable being arranged on the carriage movably mounted along the mast. Thus, for example, by moving the carriage along the mast upwards, the measuring cable can be tensioned between the articulation point on the carriage and the opposing articulation point on the measuring body. The articulation point on the carriage can be formed for example by a fixed point, a pulley or a winch.

Vorzugsweise weist der entlang des Mastes verfahrbare Schlitten einen Bohrantrieb zum drehenden Antreiben eines Bohrgestänges auf. Vorzugsweise ist der Anlenkpunkt für das Messseil an einem nicht-drehenden Teil des Schlittens, beispielsweise an einem Schlittengrundköper oder einem Gehäuse des Bohrantriebs, vorgesehen.Preferably, the carriage movable along the mast has a drill drive for rotationally driving a drill pipe. Preferably, the point of articulation for the measuring cable is provided on a non-rotating part of the carriage, for example on a carriage main body or a housing of the drill drive.

Das Einsetzen des Messkörpers in das Bohrloch lasst sich erfindungsgemäß dadurch vereinfachen, dass die Trägereinheit einen Mast aufweist, dass der Mast verschwenkbar an einer Basis gelagert ist und dass durch Verschwenken des Mastes wahlweise das Bohrwerkzeug zum Erstellen des Bohrloches oder der separate Messkörper in einer Bohrlochachse des Bohrloches anordbar ist. Bei der Basis der Trägereinheit kann es sich beispielsweise um ein Trägerfahrzeug handeln, das an der Bodenoberfläche verfahrbar ist.The insertion of the measuring body into the borehole can be inventively simplified in that the carrier unit has a mast that the mast is pivotally mounted on a base and that by pivoting the mast either the drilling tool for creating the borehole or the separate measuring body in a borehole axis Borehole can be arranged. The base of the carrier unit may be, for example, a carrier vehicle that can be moved on the ground surface.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung ist der Messkörper durch das drehend antreibbare Bohrwerkzeug gebildet. Das Messseil lässt sich somit direkt am drehend antreibbaren Bohrwerkzeug befestigen, wobei die Vermessung des Bohrloches vorzugsweise bei stillstehendem Bohrwerkzeug erfolgt. Das Bohrwerkzeug kann zum Zweck der Vermessung des Bohrloches zunächst aus dem Bohrloch herausgezogen werden. Anschließend kann das Messseil an dem Bohrwerkzeug befestigt und zum Ausführen einer Messung das Bohrwerkzeug erneut in das Bohrloch abgesenkt werden. Das Messseil ist hierzu vorzugsweise lösbar, also temporär, an dem Bohrwerkzeug befestigbar.In a further preferred embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention, the measuring body is formed by the rotationally drivable drilling tool. The measuring cable can thus be fastened directly to the rotary drivable drilling tool, wherein the measurement of the borehole is preferably carried out at a stationary drilling tool. The drilling tool can first be pulled out of the borehole for the purpose of measuring the borehole. Subsequently, the measuring cable can be fastened to the drilling tool and the drilling tool can be lowered again into the borehole in order to carry out a measurement. For this purpose, the measuring cable is preferably detachable, ie temporary, attachable to the drilling tool.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist eine Winde zum Aufnehmen des Messseils vorgesehen. Die Winde kann sich an der Trägereinheit, insbesondere an deren Basis oder Mast, oder auf einer separaten Einheit neben der Trägereinheit befinden. Am Mast kann die Winde über eine Traverse befestigt sein. Die Winde ermöglicht neben einem sicheren Aufnehmen des Messseils, insbesondere zwischen einzelnen Vermessungen des Bohrloches oder während des Bohrvorgangs, auch ein zuverlässiges Spannen des Messseils durch Aufspulen des Messseils auf die Seilwinde.According to a further preferred embodiment, a winch for receiving the measuring cable is provided. The winch can be located on the carrier unit, in particular on its base or mast, or on a separate unit next to the carrier unit. On the mast, the winch can be attached via a crossbar. In addition to a safe picking up of the measuring cable, in particular between individual measurements of the borehole or during the drilling process, the winch also enables a reliable tensioning of the measuring cable by winding the measuring cable onto the cable winch.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Messseil über eine Umlenkrolle, insbesondere am Schlitten, geführt. Somit lässt sich das Messseil beispielsweise ausgehend von einer Seilwinde an der Basis der Trägereinheit über die Umlenkrolle an dem Schlitten in die Bohrlochachse leiten. Die Umlenkrolle am Schlitten bildet hierbei einen Anlenkpunkt des Messseils am Schlitten.In a further preferred embodiment, the measuring cable is guided over a deflection roller, in particular on the carriage. Thus, for example, starting from a cable winch at the base of the carrier unit, the measuring cable can be guided via the deflection roller on the carriage into the borehole axis. The deflection roller on the carriage in this case forms a point of articulation of the measuring cable on the carriage.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung befindet sich das Messgerät an oder oberhalb der Bodenoberfläche mit freiem Blick auf das Messseil. Das Messgerät peilt das Messseil Seile an und ermittelt über zumindest zwei Messwerte die Lage des Seils im Raum. Die beiden Messpunkte befinden sich auf unterschiedlichen Höhen oberhalb der Bodenoberfläche.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the measuring device is located on or above the ground surface with an unobstructed view of the measuring cable. The measuring device aims at the ropes and determines the position of the rope in the room via at least two measured values. The two measuring points are located at different heights above the ground surface.

Erfindungsgemäß ist es bevorzugt, dass zur Winkel- und Entfernungsmessung ein Messgerät verwendet wird, welches Winkelmessungen in vertikaler und horizontaler Richtung und zusätzlich die Messung einer Entfernung ermöglicht. Vorzugsweise wird ein Tachymeter als Messgerät verwendet. Das Messseil wird von dem Tachymeter optisch anvisiert.According to the invention, it is preferred that a measuring device is used for angle and distance measurement, which allows angle measurements in the vertical and horizontal directions and additionally the measurement of a distance. Preferably, a total station is used as a measuring device. The measuring cable is optically sighted by the tachymeter.

Zur Bestimmung der Position des angepeilten Seilpunktes sendet das Messgerät einen elektromagnetischen Strahl, beispielsweise einen Lichtstrahl aus, welcher von dem angepeilten Seilpunkt reflektiert wird. Der Seilpunkt kann grundsätzlich ein beliebiger Punkt an dem Messseil sein. Es erfolgt eine Messung des Abstands des Seilpunkts vom Messgerät, beispielsweise mittels Laufzeitmessung oder Phasenverschiebung. Außerdem wird der Winkel des auf den Seilpunkt gerichteten Lichtstrahls bezüglich einer vorgegebenen Referenzachse bestimmt. Durch die so durchgeführte Entfernungs- und Winkelmessung kann die Position des angepeilten Seilpunktes im Raum bestimmt werden. Die Ermittlung der Position des mindestens einen weiteren Seilpunktes erfolgt auf gleiche Weise.To determine the position of the targeted cable point, the measuring device emits an electromagnetic beam, for example a light beam, which is reflected by the targeted cable point. The rope point can basically be any point on the measuring cable. There is a measurement of the distance of the cable point from the meter, for example by means of transit time measurement or phase shift. In addition, the angle of the light beam directed at the cable point with respect to a given reference axis is determined. Through the distance and angle measurement carried out in this way, the position of the targeted cable point in the room can be determined. The determination of the position of the at least one further cable point takes place in the same way.

Bei dem Lichtstrahl handelt es sich vorzugsweise um Licht im Infrarotbereich und vorzugsweise um einen Laserstrahl. Zum Anpeilen der Seilpunkte kann beispielsweise die Seilmitte, zum Beispiel mit einem Fadenkreuz des Tachymeters, anvisiert werden. Das Anvisieren erfolgt vorzugsweise erst nach Beruhigung der Seile, also bei möglichst stillstehenden Seilen.The light beam is preferably light in the infrared range and preferably a laser beam. To locate the cable points, for example, the center of the rope, for example, with a crosshair of the tachymeter, be anvisiert. The sighting is preferably done only after calming the ropes, so with ropes as possible.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen, welche in den beiliegenden, schematischen Zeichnungen dargestellt sind, weiter beschrieben. In den Zeichnungen zeigt:

Fig. 1:
eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung und
Fig. 2:
eine zweite Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung.
The invention will be further described by means of preferred embodiments, which are illustrated in the accompanying schematic drawings. In the drawings shows:
Fig. 1:
a first embodiment of an inventive arrangement and
Fig. 2:
A second embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention.

In sämtlichen Figuren sind gleiche oder gleichwirkende Komponenten mit denselben Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet.In all figures, identical or equivalent components are identified by the same reference numerals.

Eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung 10 zum Erstellen und Vermessen eines Bohrloches 60 ist in Fig. 1 dargestellt. Die Anordnung 10 umfasst eine Trägereinheit 12, insbesondere ein Bohrgerät, mit einer Basis 14, einem Mast 20 und einem Schlitten 30. Die Basis 14 ist in der dargestellten Ausführungsform durch ein Trägerfahrzeug gebildet und umfasst einen Unterwagen 16 und einen an dem Unterwagen 16 um eine vertikale Drehachse drehbar gelagerten Oberwagen 18.A first embodiment of an arrangement 10 according to the invention for creating and measuring a borehole 60 is shown in FIG Fig. 1 shown. The assembly 10 comprises a carrier unit 12, in particular a drill, with a base 14, a mast 20 and a carriage 30. The base 14 is formed in the illustrated embodiment by a carrier vehicle and includes an undercarriage 16 and one on the undercarriage 16 around a vertical axis of rotation rotatably mounted upper carriage 18th

Der Mast 20 ist an der Basis 14 schwenkbar gelagert. Entlang einer Mastachse 22 sind Führungsschienen 24 vorgesehen, an welchen der Schlitten 30 verfahrbar geführt ist. Der Schlitten 30 umfasst einen Bohrantrieb 32 mit einem Gehäuse 34. Ein Bohrgestänge 36, an dessen unterem Ende ein Bohrwerkzeug 38 angeordnet ist, ist durch den Bohrantrieb 32 drehend antreibbar.The mast 20 is pivotally mounted on the base 14. Along a mast axis 22 guide rails 24 are provided, on which the carriage 30 is movably guided. The carriage 30 comprises a drill drive 32 with a housing 34. A drill pipe 36, at the lower end of a drilling tool 38 is arranged, is rotatably driven by the drill drive 32.

Zwischen der Trägereinheit 12 und dem Bohrwerkzeug 38 ist ein Messseil 40 gespannt. Das Messseil 40 ist ausgehend von einer Winde 28 an der Basis 14 der Trägereinheit 12 über eine Umlenkrolle 26 am Schlitten 30 zu dem Bohrwerkzeug 38 geführt. Die Umlenkrolle 26 befindet sich am Bohrantrieb 32, welcher insbesondere ein Kraftdrehkopf ist, und bildet einen oberen Anlenkpunkt 31 für das Messseil 40. An dem Bohrwerkzeug 38 ist ein unterer Anlenkpunkt 39 vorgesehen. Ausgehend von der Umlenkrolle 26 ist das Messseil 40 nach unten geführt. Eine gerade Verbindungslinie zwischen dem oberen Anlenkpunkt 31 und dem unteren Anlenkpunkt 39 verläuft parallel zum Bohrstrang beziehungsweise Bohrgestänge 36. Das Messseil 40 kann insbesondere ein Stahlseil sein. Grundsätzlich können auch mehrere Messseile 40, insbesondere zwei Messseile 40 vorgesehen sein, wie in der Fig. 1 rechts des Bohrgestänges schematisch gezeigt.Between the carrier unit 12 and the drilling tool 38, a measuring cable 40 is tensioned. The measuring cable 40 is guided by a winch 28 on the base 14 of the carrier unit 12 via a deflection roller 26 on the carriage 30 to the drilling tool 38. The deflection roller 26 is located on the drill drive 32, which is in particular a force rotary head, and forms an upper articulation point 31 for the measuring cable 40. On the drilling tool 38, a lower articulation point 39 is provided. Starting from the deflection roller 26, the measuring cable 40 is guided downwards. A straight connecting line between the upper articulation point 31 and the lower articulation point 39 runs parallel to the drill string or drill pipe 36. The measuring cable 40 may in particular be a steel cable. In principle, a plurality of measuring cables 40, in particular two measuring cables 40, can also be provided, as in FIG Fig. 1 shown schematically on the right of the drill string.

Entfernt von der Trägereinheit 12 ist oberhalb einer Bodenoberfläche 58 ein Messgerät 50 angeordnet, welches insbesondere ein Tachymeter sein kann. Mittels des Messgerätes 50 können Seilpunkte 42, insbesondere optisch, anvisiert und deren räumliche Positionen als Messwerte bestimmt werden. Die Mess- oder Seilpunkte 42 befinden sich oberhalb der Bodenoberfläche beziehungsweise außerhalb oder oberhalb des Bohrloches 60.Remote from the carrier unit 12 above a bottom surface 58, a measuring device 50 is arranged, which may be in particular a total station. By means of the measuring device 50, cable points 42, in particular visually, can be sighted and their spatial positions determined as measured values. The measuring or rope points 42 are located above the ground surface or outside or above the borehole 60.

Durch Bestimmung der räumlichen Lage von mindestens zwei Seilpunkten 42 am Messseil 40 kann ein Vektor 46 berechnet werden, in dessen Verlängerung sich der Anlenkpunkt 39 des Messseils 40 am Bohrwerkzeug 38 befindet. Bei Kenntnis der Tiefenlage des Bohrwerkzeugs 38 lässt sich zusammen mit den ermittelten Seilpunkten 42 die genaue Position des Bohrwerkzeugs 38 ermitteln.By determining the spatial position of at least two cable points 42 on the measuring cable 40, a vector 46 can be calculated, in the extension of which the articulation point 39 of the measuring cable 40 is located on the drilling tool 38. Knowing the depth of the drilling tool 38, the exact position of the drilling tool 38 can be determined together with the determined cable points 42.

Das Bohrwerkzeug 38 bildet bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 einen Messkörper 48 zum Vermessen des Bohrloches 60. Das Bohrwerkzeug 38 beziehungsweise der Messkörper 48 liegt an einer Bohrlochwandung 62 des Bohrloches 60 an. Damit ist das Bohrwerkzeug 38 beziehungsweise der Messkörper 48 passend, also in einer definierten Lage im Querschnitt des Bohrloches 60, angeordnet. Durch Kenntnis der Position des Bohrwerkzeugs 38 beziehungsweise des Messkörpers 48 lässt sich somit auf die Position des entsprechenden Bohrlochabschnittes schließen.The drilling tool 38 forms in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 a measuring body 48 for measuring the borehole 60. The boring tool 38 or the measuring body 48 bears against a borehole wall 62 of the borehole 60. Thus, the drilling tool 38 and the measuring body 48 fits, so in one defined position in the cross section of the borehole 60, arranged. By knowing the position of the drilling tool 38 or of the measuring body 48, the position of the corresponding borehole section can thus be concluded.

Zur Kontrolle der Messung kann zwischen zwei Seilpunkten 42, welche auch als Messpunkte bezeichnet werden, ein weiterer Seilpunkt 42 als Kontrollmesspunkt 44 bestimmt werden. Liegen sämtliche Seilpunkte 42 auf einer geraden Linie, kann von einem insgesamt geraden Verlauf des Messseils 40 ausgegangen werden.To control the measurement, a further cable point 42 can be determined as a control measuring point 44 between two cable points 42, which are also referred to as measuring points. If all the cable points 42 lie on a straight line, a total straight course of the measuring cable 40 can be assumed.

An der Baustelle kann als Bezugssystem ein festes Baustellenkoordinatensystem eingerichtet sein. Vorzugsweise ist die Position des Messgerätes 50 bezüglich des Baustellenkoordinatensystems bekannt. Das Baustellenkoordinatensystem kann einen oder mehrere Fixpunkte als Bezugspunkte aufweisen. Vorzugsweise können die Positionen der Seilpunkte 42 des Messseils 40 in Relation zu dem Baustellenkoordinatensystem ermittelt werden. Hierdurch lässt sich die räumliche Position des Bohrwerkzeugs 38 beziehungsweise Messkörpers 48 in Relation zu dem Baustellenkoordinatensystem berechnen. Dies erlaubt eine präzise Vermessung des erstellen Bohrloches 60.At the construction site, a fixed construction site coordinate system can be set up as the reference system. Preferably, the position of the measuring device 50 with respect to the construction site coordinate system is known. The construction site coordinate system may have one or more fixed points as reference points. Preferably, the positions of the cable points 42 of the measuring cable 40 can be determined in relation to the construction site coordinate system. This makes it possible to calculate the spatial position of the drilling tool 38 or measuring body 48 in relation to the construction site coordinate system. This allows a precise measurement of the created wellbore 60.

Zum Erstellen und Vermessen des Bohrloches 60 können bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 folgende Verfahrensschritte durchgeführt werden:

  1. 1. Es wird zumindest ein Teilbereich des Bohrloches 60 durch drehendes Antreiben des Bohrgestänges 36, an dem sich das Bohrwerkzeug 38 befindet, erstellt.
  2. 2. Der Bohrvorgang wird beendet.
  3. 3. Das Messseil 40 wird an dem Bohrwerkzeug 38, beispielsweise einer Bohrwendel oder einem Bohreimer, befestigt.
  4. 4. Das Bohrwerkzeug 38 wird bis auf eine vorgesehene Messtiefe in das Bohrloch 60 eingefahren.
  5. 5. Sofern noch nicht geschehen, wird das Messseil 40 gespannt.
  6. 6. Durch Winkel- und Entfernungsmessungen mittels des Messgerätes 50 werden die Positionen von mindestens zwei beabstandeten Seilpunkten 42 des Messseils 40 bestimmt.
  7. 7. Das Bohrwerkzeug 38 wird aus dem Bohrloch 60 herausgezogen.
  8. 8. Das Messseil 40 wird von dem Fix- oder Anlenkpunkt 39 an dem Bohrwerkzeug 38 entfernt.
  9. 9. Der Bohrvorgang kann fortgesetzt werden.
For creating and measuring the borehole 60 can in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 the following process steps are carried out:
  1. 1. At least a portion of the wellbore 60 is created by rotationally driving the drill string 36 at which the drilling tool 38 is located.
  2. 2. The drilling process is terminated.
  3. 3. The measuring cable 40 is attached to the drilling tool 38, for example a drill bit or a drilling bucket.
  4. 4. The drilling tool 38 is retracted into the borehole 60 up to an intended measuring depth.
  5. 5. If not already done, the measuring cable 40 is stretched.
  6. 6. Angle and distance measurements by means of the measuring device 50 determine the positions of at least two spaced-apart cable points 42 of the measuring cable 40.
  7. 7. The drilling tool 38 is pulled out of the borehole 60.
  8. 8. The measuring cable 40 is removed from the fixing or articulation point 39 on the drilling tool 38.
  9. 9. The drilling process can be continued.

Insgesamt findet also eine Messung von mindestens einem Messseil 40 oberhalb des Bohrloches 60 an mindestens zwei Punkten statt. Ein zwischen diesen Seilpunkten 42 gebildeter Vektor 46 wird auf die aktuelle Bohrtiefe übertragen. Somit kann ein Versatz vom Bohransatzpunkt bis auf die Messtiefe erhalten werden. Das ausgehend von der Umlenkrolle 26 nach unten geführte Messseil 40 wird nur zum Zweck einer Messfahrt des Bohrwerkzeugs 38 an dem Bohrwerkzeug 38 an einem Halte- oder Anlenkpunkt 39 befestigt.Overall, therefore, a measurement of at least one measuring cable 40 above the borehole 60 takes place at at least two points. A vector 46 formed between these cable points 42 is transmitted to the current drilling depth. Thus, an offset from the drill point to the depth of measurement can be obtained. The measuring cable 40, which is guided downwards from the deflection roller 26, is fastened to the drilling tool 38 at a holding or articulation point 39 only for the purpose of a measuring movement of the drilling tool 38.

Eine zweite Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird im Unterschied zu der vorangehenden Ausführungsform zusätzlich zu dem Bohrwerkzeug 38 ein separater Messkörper 48 verwendet, welcher insbesondere ein zylindrischer Körper sein kann. Der Messkörper 48 ist als Messbombe ausgebildet, damit das Messseil 40 in dem Bohrloch 60 in der gewählten Messtiefe zumindest nahezu zentrisch angeordnet ist. Der Anlenkpunkt 39 für das Messeil 40 befindet sich zentrisch an dem Messkörper 48. Der Bohrantrieb 32 lässt sich aus der Bohrlochachse herausschwenken, so dass der separate Messkörper 48 an Stelle des Bohrwerkzeugs 38 in das Bohrloch 60 eingeführt werden kann.A second embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention is shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown. In this embodiment, in contrast to the previous embodiment, in addition to the drilling tool 38, a separate measuring body 48 is used, which may be in particular a cylindrical body. The measuring body 48 is designed as a measuring bomb, so that the measuring cable 40 is arranged in the borehole 60 at least almost centrally in the selected measuring depth. The articulation point 39 for the exhibition part 40 is located centrally on the measuring body 48. The drilling drive 32 can be pivoted out of the borehole axis, so that the separate measuring body 48 can be inserted into the borehole 60 instead of the boring tool 38.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Zustand mit einer verschwenkten Mastachse 22 und einem aus der Bohrlochachse herausgeschwenkten Bohrantrieb 32. Der Messkörper 48 ist über ein Messseil 40 an einem Anlenkpunkt 31 am Mast 20 aufgehängt. Der Anlenkpunkt 31 befindet sich neben oder versetzt zu einer Drehachse des Bohrgestänges 36. Fig. 2 FIG. 2 shows a state with a pivoted mast axis 22 and a drill drive 32 swung out of the borehole axis. The measuring body 48 is suspended from the mast 20 via a measuring cable 40 at an articulation point 31. The articulation point 31 is located next to or offset from an axis of rotation of the drill string 36.

Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 2 können zum Erstellen und Vermessen des Bohrloches 60 folgende Verfahrensschritte durchgeführt werden:

  1. 1. Es wird durch drehendes Antreiben des Bohrgestänges 36, an dem sich das Bohrwerkzeug 38 befindet, zumindest ein Teilbereich des Bohrloches 60 erstellt.
  2. 2. Der Bohrvorgang wird beendet und das Bohrwerkzeug 38 aus dem Bohrloch 60 gezogen.
  3. 3. Der Bohrantrieb 32 wird aus der Bohrlochachse herausgeschwenkt.
  4. 4. Ein an dem Messseil 40 aufgehängter Messkörper 48 wird in die Bohrlochachse geschwenkt.
  5. 5. Der Messkörper 48 wird bis auf eine vorgesehene Messtiefe in das Bohrloch 60 eingefahren.
  6. 6. Durch Winkel- und Entfernungsmessungen mittels des Messgerätes 50 werden die Positionen von mindestens zwei beabstandeten Seilpunkten 42 des Messseils 40 bestimmt.
  7. 7. Der Messkörper 48 wird aus dem Bohrloch 60 herausgezogen und aus der Bohrlochachse herausgeschwenkt.
  8. 8. Der Bohrantrieb 32 wird in die Bohrlochachse geschwenkt.
  9. 9. Der Bohrvorgang kann fortgesetzt werden.
In the embodiment according to Fig. 2 For example, the following method steps can be carried out to create and measure the borehole 60:
  1. 1. At least a portion of the wellbore 60 is created by rotationally driving the drill string 36, on which the drilling tool 38 is located.
  2. 2. The drilling process is terminated and the drilling tool 38 is pulled out of the borehole 60.
  3. 3. The drill drive 32 is pivoted out of the borehole axis.
  4. 4. A mounted on the measuring cable 40 measuring body 48 is pivoted in the borehole axis.
  5. 5. The measuring body 48 is retracted into the borehole 60 up to an intended measuring depth.
  6. 6. Angle and distance measurements by means of the measuring device 50 determine the positions of at least two spaced-apart cable points 42 of the measuring cable 40.
  7. 7. The measuring body 48 is pulled out of the borehole 60 and swung out of the borehole axis.
  8. 8. The drill drive 32 is pivoted in the borehole axis.
  9. 9. The drilling process can be continued.

Zum Vermessen mehrerer Bohrlochabschnitte können die obigen Schritte mit unterschiedlichen Messtiefen des Messkörpers 48 wiederholt werden. Durch Vermessen von mindestens zwei Punkten des Bohrloches 60 in unterschiedlichen Tiefen kann ein Verlauf des Bohrloches 60 bestimmt und insbesondere eine Abweichung des Bohrloches 60 von der Vertikalen festgestellt werden. Eine obere Messtiefe befindet sich vorzugsweise im Bereich des Bohransatzes, also in einem oberen Bereich des Bohrloches 60 nahe der Bodenoberfläche 58.For measuring a plurality of borehole sections, the above steps can be repeated with different measuring depths of the measuring body 48. By measuring at least two points of the borehole 60 at different depths, a profile of the borehole 60 can be determined and, in particular, a deviation of the borehole 60 from the vertical can be ascertained. An upper measuring depth is preferably in the region of the drill neck, that is to say in an upper region of the borehole 60 near the bottom surface 58.

Zur Berechnung der Position des Messkörpers 48 beziehungsweise des Bohrwerkzeugs 38 auf der Basis der Seilpunkte 42 ist eine Auswerteeinrichtung 70 vorgesehen.To calculate the position of the measuring body 48 or of the drilling tool 38 on the basis of the cable points 42, an evaluation device 70 is provided.

Claims (15)

Verfahren zum Erstellen und Vermessen eines Bohrloches (60) im Boden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass das Bohrloch (60) durch Bohren erstellt wird, - dass zwischen einer Trägereinheit (12) oberhalb einer Bodenoberfläche (58) und einem Messkörper (48) mindestens ein Messseil (40) gespannt wird, - dass der Messkörper (48) passend in das Bohrloch (60) im Boden eingesetzt und abgesenkt wird, - dass mittels Winkel- und Entfernungsmessungen die Positionen von mindestens zwei vertikal beabstandeten Seilpunkten (42) des gespannten Messseiles (40) ermittelt werden und - dass auf der Basis der ermittelten Positionen der Seilpunkte (42) die Position des Messkörpers (48) im Bohrloch (60) als Maß für die Lage des Bohrloches (60) bestimmt wird. Method for creating and measuring a borehole (60) in the ground,
characterized, that the borehole (60) is created by drilling, - that between a support unit (12) above a bottom surface (58) and a measuring body (48) at least one measuring cable (40) is tensioned, - That the measuring body (48) is inserted and lowered into the borehole (60) in the ground, - That by means of angular and distance measurements, the positions of at least two vertically spaced rope points (42) of the tensioned measuring cable (40) are determined and - That on the basis of the determined positions of the cable points (42), the position of the measuring body (48) in the borehole (60) is determined as a measure of the position of the borehole (60). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zwischen dem Messkörper (48) und der Trägereinheit (12) mindestens zwei Messseile (40) gespannt werden.Method according to claim 1,
characterized,
that between the measuring body (48) and the carrier unit (12) at least two measuring cables (40) are tensioned. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zum Bestimmen eines Verlaufes des Bohrloches (60) mindestens zwei Positionen des Messkörpers (48) in unterschiedlichen Tiefen im Bohrloch (60) bestimmt werden.Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
in that at least two positions of the measuring body (48) at different depths in the borehole (60) are determined for determining a course of the borehole (60). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zusätzlich zu den Positionen der Seilpunkte (42) eine Tiefenlage des Messkörpers (48) bestimmt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that a depth position of the measuring body (48) is determined in addition to the positions of the cable points (42). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass ein Bohrwerkzeug (38), welches zum Erstellen des Bohrloches (60) eingesetzt wird, aus dem Bohrloch (60) gezogen wird und - dass das Bohrwerkzeug (38) nach dem Ziehen aus dem Bohrloch (60) aus einer Bohrlochachse herausgeschwenkt und der separate Messkörper (48) in die Bohrlochachse hineingeschwenkt wird. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized, - That a drilling tool (38), which is used to create the borehole (60) is pulled out of the borehole (60) and - That the drilling tool (38) after pulling out of the borehole (60) pivoted out of a borehole axis and the separate measuring body (48) is pivoted into the borehole axis. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Messkörper (48) durch ein Bohrwerkzeug (38) gebildet wird, welches zum Erstellen des Bohrloches (60) eingesetzt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
in that the measuring body (48) is formed by a drilling tool (38) which is used to create the borehole (60). Verfahren nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass das Bohrwerkzeug (38) aus dem Bohrloch (60) gezogen wird und - dass anschließend das Messseil (40) an dem Bohrwerkzeug (38) befestigt und das Bohrwerkzeug (38) mit dem daran befestigten Messseil (40) zur Vermessung des Bohrloches (60) erneut in das Bohrloch (60) abgesenkt wird. Method according to claim 6,
characterized, - That the drilling tool (38) is pulled out of the borehole (60) and - That then the measuring cable (40) attached to the drilling tool (38) and the drilling tool (38) with the attached measuring cable (40) for measuring the borehole (60) is lowered again into the borehole (60). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Bohrloch (60) zum Erstellen eines Pfahls im Boden mit einem aushärtbaren Medium verfüllt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that the borehole (60) is filled with a hardenable medium to create a pile in the ground. Anordnung zum Erstellen und Vermessen eines Bohrloches (60) im Boden, insbesondere zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass ein drehend antreibbares Bohrwerkzeug (38) zum Erstellen des Bohrloches (60) vorgesehen ist, - dass ein Messkörper (48) vorgesehen ist, welcher passend in das Bohrloch (60) einsetzbar und absenkbar ist, wobei der Messkörper (48) in Kontakt zu einer Bohrlochwandung (62) ist, - dass ein Messseil (40) vorgesehen ist, welches zwischen einem Anlenkpunkt (31) an einer Trägereinheit (12) oberhalb einer Bodenoberfläche (58) und dem Messkörper (48) im Bohrloch (60) spannbar ist, - dass ein Messgerät (50) vorgesehen ist, durch welches mittels Winkel- und Entfernungsmessungen die Positionen von mindestens zwei vertikal beabstandeten Seilpunkten (42) des gespannten Messseils (40) ermittelbar sind, und - dass eine Auswerteeinrichtung (70) vorgesehen ist, mit welcher die Position des Messkörpers (48) im Bohrloch (60) als Maß für die Lage des Bohrloches (60) auf der Basis der ermittelten Positionen der Seilpunkte (42) bestimmbar ist. Arrangement for creating and measuring a borehole (60) in the ground, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized, - that a rotationally drivable boring tool (38) to create the borehole (60) is provided, - That a measuring body (48) is provided, which is fitting in the borehole (60) can be used and lowered, wherein the measuring body (48) is in contact with a borehole wall (62), that a measuring cable (40) is provided, which can be tensioned in the borehole (60) between an articulation point (31) on a carrier unit (12) above a bottom surface (58) and the measuring body (48), - That a measuring device (50) is provided, by means of which by means of angular and distance measurements, the positions of at least two vertically spaced rope points (42) of the tensioned measuring cable (40) can be determined, and - That an evaluation device (70) is provided, with which the position of the measuring body (48) in the borehole (60) as a measure of the position of the borehole (60) on the basis of the determined positions of the cable points (42) can be determined. Anordnung nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Messkörper (48) einen Körper mit einem dem Bohrloch (60) entsprechenden Durchmesser aufweist.Arrangement according to claim 9,
characterized,
in that the measuring body (48) has a body with a diameter corresponding to the borehole (60). Anordnung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass die Trägereinheit (12) einen Mast (20) und einen an dem Mast (20) verfahrbar gelagerten Schlitten (30) aufweist und - dass der Anlenkpunkt (31) für das Messseil (40) an dem entlang des Mastes (20) verfahrbar gelagerten Schlitten (30) angeordnet ist. Arrangement according to claim 9 or 10,
characterized, - That the carrier unit (12) has a mast (20) and on the mast (20) movably mounted carriage (30) and - That the articulation point (31) for the measuring cable (40) on the along the mast (20) movably mounted carriage (30) is arranged. Anordnung nach Anspruch einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass die Trägereinheit (12) einen Mast (20) aufweist - dass der Mast (20) verschwenkbar an einer Basis (14) gelagert ist und - dass durch Verschwenken des Mastes (20) wahlweise das Bohrwerkzeug (38) zum Erstellen des Bohrloches (60) oder der separate Messkörper (48) in einer Bohrlochachse des Bohrloches (60) anordbar ist. Arrangement according to one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized
characterized, - That the carrier unit (12) has a mast (20) - That the mast (20) is pivotally mounted on a base (14) and - That by pivoting the mast (20) optionally the drilling tool (38) for creating the borehole (60) or the separate measuring body (48) in a borehole axis of the borehole (60) can be arranged. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Messkörper (48) durch das drehend antreibbare Bohrwerkzeug (38) gebildet ist.Arrangement according to one of claims 9 to 11,
characterized,
that the measuring body (48) is formed by the boring tool driven in rotation (38). Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine Winde (28) zum Aufnehmen des Messseils (40) vorgesehen ist.Arrangement according to one of claims 9 to 13,
characterized,
that a winch (28) for accommodating the measuring cable (40) is provided. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Messseil (40) über eine Umlenkrolle (26) geführt ist.Arrangement according to one of claims 9 to 14,
characterized,
that the measuring cable (40) is guided over a deflection roller (26).
EP12005850.8A 2012-08-13 2012-08-13 Method and device producing and measuring a borehole Active EP2698499B1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES12005850.8T ES2525921T3 (en) 2012-08-13 2012-08-13 Procedure and device to produce and measure a perforation
EP12005850.8A EP2698499B1 (en) 2012-08-13 2012-08-13 Method and device producing and measuring a borehole
CA2821150A CA2821150C (en) 2012-08-13 2013-07-17 Method and device for producing and measuring a borehole
TW102126244A TWI513893B (en) 2012-08-13 2013-07-23 Method and device for producing and measuring a borehole
US13/950,162 US9464518B2 (en) 2012-08-13 2013-07-24 Method and device for producing and measuring a borehole
RU2013134744/03A RU2570688C2 (en) 2012-08-13 2013-07-25 Method and system for drilled well development and measurement
SG2013056718A SG2013056718A (en) 2012-08-13 2013-07-25 Method and device for producing and measuring a borehole
MYPI2013002971A MY166248A (en) 2012-08-13 2013-08-13 Method and device for producing and measuring a borehole
HK14102829.7A HK1189642A1 (en) 2012-08-13 2014-03-21 Method and device producing and measuring a borehole

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12005850.8A EP2698499B1 (en) 2012-08-13 2012-08-13 Method and device producing and measuring a borehole

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EP (1) EP2698499B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2821150C (en)
ES (1) ES2525921T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1189642A1 (en)
MY (1) MY166248A (en)
RU (1) RU2570688C2 (en)
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TWI513893B (en) 2015-12-21
US9464518B2 (en) 2016-10-11
CA2821150C (en) 2016-01-05
HK1189642A1 (en) 2014-06-13
MY166248A (en) 2018-06-22
ES2525921T3 (en) 2015-01-02
RU2013134744A (en) 2015-01-27
RU2570688C2 (en) 2015-12-10
US20140041447A1 (en) 2014-02-13
SG2013056718A (en) 2014-03-28
CA2821150A1 (en) 2014-02-13
TW201410958A (en) 2014-03-16
EP2698499B1 (en) 2014-11-05

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