EP0833011A1 - Process for making concurrently located injection bodies in the ground - Google Patents

Abstract

This novel method makes subterranean, parallel injected regions, e.g. to form a barrier layer under a source of pollution. A borehole (18) is made through the ground, passing an electrically-conducting cable (32) or empty drill string through it. This will be used as a guide. A medium (44) is injected into the borehole and into the ground structure surrounding it. A magnetic field is established about the conductor. A borehole (62) is drilled at set spacing from the first, using the magnetic field to control a steerable drilling head (26) . Injection is repeated, into this new borehole.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a method for producing parallel injection bodies in the floor.

Injecting substances under high pressure into the Soil serves various purposes, which are roughly in have two different groups. The first group includes procedures in which the injection agent installation certain substances, such as water or liquid chemicals, a reduced permeability. Let these procedures therefore under the term "sealing measures" sum up. The second set of procedures used Injection agent that acts as a weak to strong binder act and thus have a densifying or reinforcing effect. This Methods generally serve to define the strength in Areas of the earth, e.g. Soil improvements, collapse avoidance or Slope protection can be achieved.

All of the above methods have in common that the one Drilling from injections performed is only a small one Range, i.e. Depth of action in the area surrounding the hole Soil, usually less than three to four meters have.

Because one with a single such injection body measure generated only a localized seal or Bring soil compaction and stabilization would usually be a large number of Injection bodies necessary, especially in the area of Sealing measures are required that the educated Completely overlap the injection body so that it is in the area one formed from a large number of injection bodies Barrier layer no permeable areas remain.

State of the art

The international application WO 94/25688 describes a Process for sealing floor bodies, in particular one Landfill, from old deposits, pipelines or too construction pits, in which by means of a full gradient drilling from the surface outside of the floor body to be sealed from a variety are driven by holes under the floor and the sealant is injected into the surrounding floor area becomes. Depending on the remote-controlled drill head and the Geometry of the nozzles attached to inject the Sealant can be of various geometries Generate sealing bodies. Attention is paid to the individual holes essentially parallel to each other execute, the distance between each Holes must be chosen so that the injection body overlap and thus create a barrier layer that none untreated areas with higher permeability.

As a sealant e.g. a wax emulsion, a Polymer silicate, water glass, wax, resin or one Binder emulsion in a mixture with one of the above Sealants used. The length of the High pressure injection hole is up to 1500 meters and that Depth up to 300 meters.

Due to a location accuracy of +/- 2% of the drilling depth and let the injection range from 1 to 4 meters dense barrier layers do not form in very deep holes Generate and have to do more with absolute positional security for example at depths of approx. 50 meters with a Location accuracy of +/- 1 meter each Injection holes at a close mutual distance to each other so that there is an overlap between the neighboring injection bodies is ensured. In addition the result of a high pressure injection do not check without being at the point in question Excavations are carried out.

Other methods known in the art in which parallel and overlapping injection bodies are created specifically, slope construction measures, which for Securing a slope at risk of slipping with the help serve hardening or soil stabilizing injection agents, but also applications in tunnel construction, whereby still in the field the tunnel excavation already carried out i.e. in front of the face solidifying in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel Injection bodies are made overlapping. Also at This measure of a leading ridge securing will be Injection means essentially parallel to each other generated holes injected into the surrounding soil and the success of the consolidation measure is not least also from the targeted ones, each parallel to each other guided drilling along the planned route dependent.

Presentation of the invention

It is the problem (object) on which the invention is based, to propose a method to obtain the desired geometries of Ensures injection bodies in the ground.

The object of the invention is achieved by a method with the Features of claim 1 solved. One out of many side by side injection bodies in the ground The barrier layer formed is characterized by the characteristics of Claim 15 described.

The invention is based on the idea during or before Inject into an injector under increased pressure Drill an electrically conductive guide cable in and through to pull the borehole. This can be electrical conductive guide cables are generated a magnetic field, which for Control of a steerable drill head in parallel to it running hole can be used. This leaves generate the desired injection body and at the same time precautions can be taken so that the distance of the holes to be drilled parallel to this, if possible great accuracy can be maintained and thus also Position of the injection bodies to each other with great accuracy can be specified. Instead of an electrically conductive Guide cable can tie an empty drill pipe to itself Guide cables can be repurposed by a power source is created. This procedure is always recommended if pulling in a cable is too complex or in the given situation is too cumbersome.

Are a variety of arranged side by side Injection bodies generated, each side by side arranged injection bodies overlap, so one forms continuous barrier layer under the surface of the earth.

Further advantageous embodiments are the others Claims marked.

According to a preferred method, the magnetic field around the electrically conductive guide cable generated by this is connected to a power source. This allows one generate a precisely defined magnetic field that is used to control a steerable drill head, which with suitable sensors and Measuring instruments is provided, can be used.

In U.S. Patent No. 5,515,931, the Use of a magnetic field around a guide cable for Control of a steerable drill head disclosed. As Applications for the parallel drilling system described therein, referred to herein are, on the one hand, the Execution of a river bank, in which the drill head of the surface is not accessible to a controller, as well pulling in parallel to each other Cooling pipes in the ground called, with the help of which one Icing of the surrounding soil can be caused.

Advantageously, the retraction of an electric conductive guide cable in and through the borehole and that Inject into the injection under increased pressure Borehole and the surrounding soil structure at the same time carried out. This allows the duration of the process reduce. Simplification can also be done advantageously achieve that feeding a electrically conductive guide cable in and through the borehole is carried out simultaneously with the drilling of the borehole.

According to a preferred embodiment, the distance chosen between the holes so that the Injecting injection agent formed around injection body two adjacent holes each overlap. Through this Measure can create a layer that depends on Injection agent used either increased strength or has a reduced permeability for certain Has substances or combines both properties. It is especially when performing sealing measures of great importance that a continuous barrier layer without Interruptions is formed.

According to a preferred embodiment, after drilling each of the further, parallel drill holes another, electrically conductive guide cable at the same time as the Injecting an injectable into the borehole. This process step is advantageous because this results in successive holes in close proximity to a guide cable can use a magnetic field to control the drill head can be generated. The weaker the magnetic field is by one Guide cable is, or the further the magnetic field generating guide wire is removed, the lower the accuracy of the procedure.

By passing an electrically conductive guide cable through each a large number of additional holes can be drilled each have a particularly high degree of parallelism between the Make individual holes by drilling the additional holes each using a magnetic field for control a steerable drill head.

According to a preferred embodiment, one or more Sensor cable pulled through the borehole. This measure not only allows the desired geometry different injection bodies with respect to each other, but also checked the geometry of a single injection body can be.

An empty pipe is advantageously passed through the borehole moved in from which after making the Injection body whose geometry with the help of suitable Measuring probes, such as gamma probes or a ground radar, are detected can be.

Optionally, also tubular element or steel elements in the borehole will be inserted which is a supportive or develop a tensing effect.

Both the optional retraction of the or the Sensor cable as well as the empty pipe at the same time as the Pulling in the electrically conductive guide cable carried out. This has the advantage that a separate Work step is omitted and the provision of additional Possibilities for a subsequent check not an increased expenditure of time in carrying out the method must be bought.

Advantageously, the steerable drill head before Inject under increased pressure of an injection replaced an injection head. This measure is of course only possible if it is a Through hole acts, which is again at one for the Replacement of the drill head accessible point ends. The Using an injection head has the advantage that both when creating the borehole and afterwards the injection of the injection agent one at a time each task in the best possible way adapted geometry of the tool can be provided. So can for example steerable drill heads are used also have high-pressure outlet openings for water; however, there may be deviating geometries in the Creating injection bodies is desirable so that it it is advantageous to use an injection head to execute, which is specially adapted for the application.

According to a preferred embodiment, one or several measuring probes are inserted in the empty tube to the to inspect manufactured injection bodies and to analyze. It is with a large number of injection bodies of very high importance that the process is successful was carried out, i.e. either side by side Injection body overlapping in the desired manner were made, or injection body solidifying materials no weakening along their Show course. All of these questions can be answered at Use of suitable measuring probes can be answered.

Therefore, the barrier layer is also advantageous characterized in that sensor cables and / or conduits in one or multiple selected holes are arranged. Hereby is a review at any later time of the geometry formed.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines Bohrloches ist, das unter einer Deponie gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung gebohrt wird;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung der Bohrung in Fig. 1 ist, worin das Bohrgestänge teilweise zurückgezogen wurde und mit einem Führungskabel verbunden ist;

Fig. 3

eine Querschnittsansicht eines Bohrloches entlang der Schnittlinie 3-3 in Fig. 2 ist;

Fig. 4

eine schematische, perspektivische Darstellung in teilweisem Schnitt von zwei parallel zueinander verlaufenden Bohrungen ist, die unter einer Deponie verlaufen;

Fig. 5

eine schematische Querschnittsansicht ist, die eine fertiggestellte Bohrung und eine benachbarte Bohrung während der Injektage darstellt;

Fig. 6

eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht einer Deponie mit einer Vielzahl von Bohrungen ist, die eine Schutzbarriere unter einer Deponie bilden;

Fig. 7

eine schematische Darstellung eines Bohrgestänges ist, das beim Bohren der Bohrlöcher der vorliegenden Erfindung verwendet wird;

Fig. 8

eine schematische Darstellung der Steuerungseinrichtung ist, die in dem Bohrgestänge verwendet wird;

Fig. 9 und Fig. 10

schematische Darstellungen des Entfernungsmeßsystems mit dem Führungskabel und Fühler sind;

Fig. 11

eine schematische Ansicht ist, die zeigt, wie ein Führungskabel in einem blinden Bohrloch verankert wird; und

Fig. 12

eine schematische Ansicht eines Tunnels unter Verwendung der Bohrungen gemäß Fig. 11 ist.

The invention is described below purely by way of example with reference to the attached figures, in which:

Fig. 1

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a borehole being drilled under a landfill in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

Fig. 2

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the bore in Figure 1, wherein the drill string has been partially retracted and connected to a guide cable;

Fig. 3

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a borehole taken along section line 3-3 in Figure 2;

Fig. 4

is a schematic, perspective view in partial section of two mutually parallel bores that run under a landfill;

Fig. 5

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a completed bore and an adjacent bore during injection;

Fig. 6

Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of a landfill with a plurality of holes forming a protective barrier under a landfill;

Fig. 7

Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a drill string used in drilling the wells of the present invention;

Fig. 8

Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the control device used in the drill string;

9 and 10

are schematic representations of the distance measuring system with the guide cable and sensor;

Fig. 11

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing how a guide cable is anchored in a blind borehole; and

Fig. 12

is a schematic view of a tunnel using the holes of FIG. 11.

Ways of Carrying Out the Invention

The invention based on several Exemplary embodiments explained.

First embodiment

Fig. 1 shows a landfill body 10 which e.g. toxic or groundwater hazardous substances 12 or barrels 14 with dangerous chemicals either on the surface of the Contains bottom 16 or below the surface. To the to protect layers below the landfill body, a barrier is created underneath, which essential horizontal barrier layer with a low Permeability exists. This layer is made by a variety of essentially horizontal, parallel Drilled holes under the soil concerned and a sealant in each of them adjacent floor areas is injected.

As shown in Fig. 1, a first extends Bore 18 from an entry point 20 on the surface 22 of the Soil on one side of the landfill body 10 essentially down and then essentially horizontally below the Landfill body and then has a substantially upward directed curvature to to at an exit location 24 again the surface 22 to end. Because a fully history-driven Drilling technology is used, the in Fig. 1 course of the bore shown of course each have the desired, different geometry.

The drill pipe is made by a conventional drilling device 29 driven out on the surface near the Entry point 20 is set up and at the sections of the Drill pipe as required during drilling on existing drill pipe can be used. Everyone Section of the drill pipe can e.g. be five meters long the drilling is interrupted every five meters to Allow a new section to be attached to the boom. The Drill pipe can be a conventional measuring and control device have near the drill head 26, so that during the time in the the drilling process is interrupted, position measurements and Calculations can be performed and Direction control signals are sent to the drill head to regulate the further drilling process. Conventionally, the drilling device 29 removes water, Drilling suspension or (diluted) injection agent under pressure provided and flows through the drill string 28 to Drill head 26, where the water, the drilling suspension, etc. through suitable high pressure water nozzles (not shown) in traditionally emerges and loosens the soil.

The first bore 18 is preferably used Conventional location techniques drilled, with a sensor a magnetometer is arranged on or near the drill head, to measure the earth's magnetic field. The sensor can also include inclinometers to determine the orientation of the To determine the drill head. Output signals from the magnetometers and inclinometers become the surface in a known manner e.g. using a cable (not shown) that extends through the drill string 28, and by means of a suitable wiring 30, which with the equipment 31 on the Surface is connected, transferred. These devices 31 include a range finder and one Calculator to calculate the location of the drill head 26 and Determination of the direction of the further drilling process.

Direction control signals are then down through the Cables transferred to directional instructions for the drilling process to give. The first bore 18 is under the landfill body 10 drilled to a sufficient depth to completely submerge the landfill body and under any noticeable enrichment of dangerous substances in the soil under the landfill body to penetrate and break through the surface on Exit point 24.

As shown in Fig. 2, when the drill head hits the ground leaves at the exit point 24, a guide cable 32 on the Drill head 26 attached and the drill string 28 is then through the first bore 18 through the drilling device 29 withdrawn. Optionally, the drill head 26 against one Injection head 26 'to be replaced.

If the drill pipe is pulled back, it will Guide cable 32, e.g. from a roll 34 in and through the first hole 18 drawn.

As the drill head is withdrawn, a Injected into the borehole under high pressure, while the guide cable 32 is drawn into the bore. If the injection agent is a hardening agent Medium, e.g. Is cement dust, the guide cable 32nd after the injection body hardens in it embedded and can be used in some applications make an additional contribution to strength. In the present Case of a sealing layer to be carried out under a Landfill bodies are preferred as natural injection materials occurring montan wax, which is a fossil vegetable wax is montan wax in combination with cement and bentonite, or another suitable sealant used and by corresponding outlet openings in the drill head 26 or Injection head 26 'into the first bore 18 under high pressure as well as the surrounding structure injected while the drill head is withdrawn. The injection pressure is e.g. between 200 and 1000 bar. Both propulsion and injection when pulling back, each with a single drill head 26 be performed; however, it can also occur after exiting of the drill head at the exit point 24 against one special injection head 26 'with specially arranged Outlet nozzles for the injection agent are replaced.

FIG. 3 shows a view along the section line 3-3 in FIG. 2. The injection head 26 'includes a pair of nozzles 40 and 42 on the front 43 of the head, the nozzles with a Angles of e.g. oriented between 60 and 120 degrees are. The high pressure of the injection means 44 pushes it in the soil, depending on the number and geometry of the nozzles or outlet openings a variety of different geometries of the injection body can be achieved. In the present For example, fan-shaped rays 46 and 47 form up to to a distance of e.g. three meters from the center of the Hole 18 are sufficient. The orientation of the injection head 26 'becomes so during the withdrawal of the drill string regulated that the nozzles 40 and 42 generally outward and are directed downwards and with respect to a vertical Level 48 through the center of the borehole result in symmetrical injection bodies. The injection forms a barrier layer in the floor that extends outwards to each side of the borehole at substantially the same distance and in Longitudinal direction along the borehole from exit point 24 below through the landfill body 10 to the entry point 20 extends.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic, perspective view of the further procedure when inserting parallel to each other running holes. After complete withdrawal of the drill pipe 28 from the first borehole 18, the cable 32 detached from the drill head 26 or 26 'and by means of the line 49 connected to a switch 50, the line 49 and thus the guide cable 32 with a grounded 114 DC power source 51 or low frequency AC power source by means of the line 51 'and / or with a distance receiver 52 by means of a Line 52 'connects. The end of the cable at exit 24 is then connected to a ground electrode as by Reference numeral 54 is shown in Fig. 6 or via a Return line (the one with broken lines as a reference number 55 in FIG. 6) with the current source 51 connected. Thus, the guide cable 32 extends through the Bore 18, which is already filled with injection agent.

To drill additional holes close to and parallel to the first To drill hole 18, the guide cable 32 will be in the first Hole 18 inserted. First, the DC current or Low frequency alternating current generated by source 51 is provided, a circular magnetic field around the guide cable 32 from the control sensor nearby hole can be recorded. This field will while drilling a neighboring or nearby located borehole used to locate the feeler of the Control tool for the adjacent borehole relative to Determine guide cables and to steer the bore. Of further, the guide cable 32 is also used to Control signals to the sensor of the nearby control tool to send to control the sensor measurement program, e.g. to the To turn the sensor's rangefinder on and off, if battery power is to be saved to the sensor Signal to transmit this data to the surface transmitted or to send him a signal so this partial or complete information or sends something similar. The third function of the guide cable is it to serve as an antenna for range finding signals to receive the measurements that are represented by the probe were carried out by the sensor of the Control tool for distance receiver 52 on the Surface to be sent.

If a subsequent hole is parallel to the initial, or reference borehole 18, is to be drilled Drilling device 29 to a second entry point, e.g. the place 60 moves next to the place 20. If parallel holes are to be executed to a layer 46, 47 To form injection material, an adjacent bore 62 must drilled from location 60, one from the reference well Distance r to be spaced. This distance r is less than the double lateral extension of the injection body 46, 47 so that when injectable in the second hole is injected, this with the in the first hole injected injectable can overlap to one to form a continuous barrier between the holes, as shown particularly in FIG. 5.

The drill head 26 is used in connection with FIG. 1 described manner operated to the second bore 62 so bring that it is also down and under the Landfill site 10 extends to the surface at one Exit point 64 on the far side of the Drilling device 29 returns. The direction of the second Drilling and their location relative to the first drilling will be done carefully and precisely regulated according to the present invention so that the holes are parallel, and in particular that they are in a predetermined, desired distance from each other be carried out to ensure that in the after Forming the injection-molded layer 46, 47 no free spaces remain. If borehole 62 has been completed, as described above, the drill head is replaced by an injection head and a second guide cable is on the drilling or injection head 26 or 26 'attached. This second cable, which is shown in FIG 32 'is drawn through borehole 62 when the drill string 28 is withdrawn while at the same time Time the injection means 44 '(Fig. 5) into the borehole 62 and is injected into the soil surrounding the borehole, as in Fig. 5 is shown with 46 'and 47'. If in the second A guide cable 32 'has also been drawn into the bore this again after completing the injection body conductive with a power source 51 and one Distance receiver 52 are connected.

Thereafter, as shown in Fig. 6, becomes a third Hole 70 adjacent to and parallel to hole 62 in the same way as borehole 62 drilled, grout preferably injected into the ground when the drill pipe is withdrawn and at the same time again a guide cable drawn into the hole. This creates one continuous barrier layer under the landfill body 10, if each with holes running parallel to each other is driven under, the holes at a distance r are arranged to each other.

As shown in Figs. 4 to 9, it will Guide cable 32 and each of the following guide cables 32 ' again as a reference for directing the bore adjacent Wells used by using a direct current of e.g. 10 amps passed through the cable 32 to a surrounding magnetic field To generate H, which is illustrated by arrows 72 in Fig. 5 becomes. The direction of the bore of borehole 72 is shown in Depends on the measurements of this field H regulated how was described above by the direction of the drill head 26 under the control of a conventional drill steering tool 78, which is arranged in a drilling control device to adapt. This device is directly behind the drill head in one Section 28 'of the drill string attached by the Main linkage 28 through an insulating connection 80 (see FIG. 7 and 8) is separated. The insulation connection can be five to ten Meters from the front end or tip of the drill head 26 be located away and electrically isolates the End portion 28 'of the drill string from the main, or upper Area of the boom.

The drilling regulator 79 receives information from the Surface and provides data from the borehole to the Surface. Accordingly, the drilling regulator 79 includes a sensor and a control sensor 81, which in addition to Drill steering tool 78 includes a magnetic field sensor 82 which preferably a triaxial magnetometer for measuring the Vector components of the entire static magnetic field (including the generated magnetic field H) along the Includes orthogonal X, Y and Z axes. If an alternating current low frequency is used in the guide cable separate AC magnetometer sensor used. Of the Control sensor 81 additionally includes a pair of inclinometers 83 for measuring the direction of the earth's gravitational field, around the Align drill pipe and regulator 116.

The transmission of the measured parameters to the surface is after passing through the corresponding data of an analog-digital converter 84 and an associated digital Distance modulator 86, the phase-modulated currents with approximately 200 to 2,400 Hz generated, digitally transmitted. Between the Drill pipe 28 and the area 28 'at the front end of the Drill pipe flows from coil 88 to the second coil 90 transmitted. The coil 90 is with the Drill pipe 28 through line 92 and with the drill pipe 28 'connected by line 94, so that in the drill pipe 28th an alternating magnetic field is generated by the current flow 96 which is shown by the field lines H2 and by arrows 98 in FIG. 7 is shown. This magnetic field is coaxial with that Drill pipe 28. The AC magnetic field H2 becomes inductive coupled to the adjacent guide cable 32, the Cable as a secondary turn of a transformer or as a receiving antenna acts to a corresponding one To generate audio frequency voltage V2, which can be generated using the Line 49, the switch 50 and the line 52 'the Range finder 52 is supplied. The received signals are added to a demodulator and its output in turn fed into a suitable computer 100 (FIG. 4), which the digitized data processed and the necessary Performs calculations as described. The computer calculates the distance and the from the received data Direction of the sensor 81 relative to the guide cable 32 and determines what corrections, if necessary, regarding the Drilling direction are required. The required drilling instructions are then transmitted to the control sensor 81 so that the Deflection tool 78 is controlled accordingly. Consequently the drill uses the information from the control probe 81, to keep borehole 62 on a path that one constant distance r (see FIG. 5) from the guide cable 32 is spaced so that the two holes within one very narrow tolerance run parallel to each other.

Depending on the strength of the magnetic field H, can possibly a third well, e.g. borehole 70 6 using the cable 32 in the reference well 18 generated magnetic field are drilled, making it not a guide cable is necessary through the second borehole 62 move in. Depending on the distance between the individual drill holes to each other, the desired accuracy of the to be performed Holes and the strength of the generated magnetic fields there are thus various possibilities in which not every hole has to be provided with a guide cable.

As described in U.S. Patent 5,515,932, the periodic polarity reversal of the direct current source 51 Irregularities and disturbances in the magnetic field detected and in appropriately compensated. Interference due to the Currents 112 in the ground can be avoided in that a Return line 55 (Fig. 6) is used, which is far enough from Guide cable 32 is removed so that it has no or only one very little effect on the magnetic field in the straight has drilled borehole.

By using the method described above an accuracy between parallel bores of ± 0.1 m can be achieved. This allows that, at the Knowledge of the depth of penetration of the injection body into the surrounding soil the distance between two neighboring, parallel holes is chosen so that only a small There is overlap between the injection bodies. How from Fig. 6 is clear, it is required in the embodiment the sealing of a landfill of a very large number of parallel holes, so that an enlarged, optimized distance between each, parallel running holes to a noticeable reduction in Total number of holes to be carried out and therefore the Time and material expenditure for the to be carried out Landfill sealing is significantly reduced. The diminished one Material expenditure arises in particular that the Total amount of the injection agent used can be reduced can. Are also larger in a conventional drilling process Deviations in the drilling process from the planned route possible, this also entails the risk that the barrier layer formed from the individual injection bodies has not been fully carried out and hazardous substances in the underlying soil or groundwater can.

9 and 10 show a drill head 132, which is not only is used to drill a borehole 134, but also around to place a guide cable 136 in the borehole. The Guide cable is placed within the hollow drill pipe 130 arranged and with the drill pipe at the front end the same, i.e. the end facing the drill head. To the For example, the cable on drill head 132 or that shown in FIG. 8 shown control device, which is identified by reference number 142 is indicated by any suitable attachment 138 may be appropriate. The cable goes into borehole 134 drawn in during drilling.

If, as shown in Fig. 10, the borehole finished, the drill head 132 can be removed and the guide cable 136 attached to a mount 140 are, whereupon the drill string 130 from the bore and from the already retracted guide cable 136 is withdrawn. In this latter case it is also possible that during retracting the drill string a sealing or Solidifying agent is injected into the soil. So could for example the drill head against an injection head be replaced or with an injection adapter be provided, which is preferably arranged centrally Has passage opening through which the guide cable 136th can pass through, so that the drill pipe with it attached injection head withdrawn through bore 134 while the guide cable 136 is stationary in the bore remains.

Fig. 11 shows a further variant, according to the blind hole 148 is drilled. As shown, this is at the drill head 150 Guide cable 136 attached. The drill head or preferably a fastening ring that can be detached from the drill head (not shown) includes a pair of hinged anchors 152 and 154 which are usually pivoted into the drill head. If the Drilling a preselected location or depth has reached, the anchors are released and outward in the ground 156 jammed to the drill head or preferably one of the To fix the drilling head detachable fastening ring in the borehole, while the drill head with simultaneous emergence of Injection agent together with the drill pipe 130 can be withdrawn. Also in this embodiment the drilling or injection head has an opening through which pass through the downhole guide cable 136 can.

Second embodiment

In addition to the scope of the above Contaminated site protection as part of landfill sealing parallel injection bodies also for Construction pit fuses used. Here is below the planned construction pit also creates a barrier layer that the penetration of groundwater into an excavation pit and into the prevent or reduce later structures. Here too need a variety of parallel to each other Holes are carried out and each a sealing Injection agent introduced into the surrounding soil layers be, with the help of precise control of the respective holes as even and straight as possible sufficient overlap of the individual injection bodies can be ensured.

The method is used in a similar way in the field of Hydraulic engineering if there is a sealing core area in a dam body should be generated. Here, too, several come in parallel mutually extending injection bodies for use, which, as described in the first embodiment, be arranged side by side and parallel to each other. Because Often, dams are very long Juxtapose vertically running holes with injection of a suitable sealant very expensive and accordingly expensive. For this reason, the Also create a sealing core area in the insulating body an essentially horizontal first bore generated, into which the guide cable is drawn and then carried out the adjacent holes, whereby guide cables are pulled back to each Holes as reference holes for neighboring holes to use.

Third embodiment

12 shows another embodiment of the present Invention in which the injection body for soil consolidation be used. It is a leading ridge securing in the course of the planned Routing of a tunnel 164 in the ground 160. Before the Execution of the tunnel drive through the broken Line 166 are shown in the area Tunnel ridges, i.e. along the planned route, solidifying injection body created. To do this, either from the surface 161 or from the tunneling of the tunnel excavation already carried out from a first Pilot hole 148 along the planned tunnel route carried out. Depending on the geometric and geological The bore 148 may end at the surface 161 or, as has been described with reference to FIG. 11, blind end up. Depending on the application, one or the other, above The method described uses a guide cable 136 in to arrange the bore 148 and at the same time one Generate injection body, the present The exemplary embodiment is preferably ring-shaped around the bore 148 is arranged around.

Using the guide cable 136 for control adjacent holes, more holes can be made in the area the tunnel ridge with high precision parallel to hole 148 be carried out and suitable injection bodies are generated, which solidify the soil in the Area of the tunnel ridges. Contrary to that first-mentioned embodiment when using Injection bodies to create a barrier layer with less Permeability, the procedure described here becomes this used to solidify the soil, which is why preferred Injection agents such as cement dust are used. Of course, the two methods can also can be used in combination and so could for example in one or more holes 162 to the side of the planned one A sealing grout was introduced into the tunnel route be used during the subsequent tunneling reduce lateral penetration of water or turn off.

Fourth embodiment

Another field of application of the method according to the invention represents the slope sheeting Hang with the help of parallel injection bodies, the each create a solidified floor area, secured. Here too is the exact course and distance of each Injection body to each other of great importance.

Another field of application of the method according to the invention lies in soil improvement. There won't be any here sealing or hardening, solidifying Injection agent, but a hydrating agent in the Floor injected. The injection agent can do this for example lime powder, fine sand or Portland cement, that has a compacting and reinforcing effect, which means that the floor in the desired area becomes more sustainable. Here too Process preferably carried out in that a variety of holes running parallel to each other in the treating soil for injection of a suitable Compaction agent can be used. As already in the The aforementioned applications can be done with the help of inventive method the distance between the individual, parallel holes due to the minor deviations from the ideal parallelism very large Choose, which means the total number of parallel holes required can be reduced. At the same time, the total amount of Injection means reduced by this measure.

According to a preferred development of the invention, the all the above-mentioned areas of application can not only be a guide cable, but at the same time an empty pipe and / or a sensor cable in the respective Holes drilled. After the Completion of the injection body either Monitoring cables or special probes such as gamma probes or a downhole radar can be introduced to measure the geometry of the to check the injection body generated.

• zum einen kann die Güte der hergestellten Injektionskörper gegenüber den Auftragsgebern nachgewiesen werden und, im Falle schadhafter Stellen, können diese nachgebessert werden;
• des weiteren läßt sich im Bereich sehr großer, herzustellender Dichtkörper oder Verfestigungsbereiche der Abstand in Abhängigkeit von den lokalen geologischen Gegebenheiten optimieren. So kann je nach dem Ergebnis der nachgeschalteten Messungen der Injektionsdruck des Injektionsmittels den örtlichen Gegebenheiten angepaßt werden und auch bei gleichbleibendem Injektionsdruck der Abstand zwischen den einzelnen, parallel zueinander verlaufenden Bohrungen an die Geometrie der jeweiligen erzeugten Injektionskörper in bestmöglicher Weise angepaßt werden.

In particular when executing injection bodies for foundations in the construction sector, the strength of the respective injection body depends on the smallest cross section of the same over the length of the borehole. By inserting suitable sensor cables, for example for a breakdown measurement, or an empty tube for inserting suitable monitoring instruments, the geometries of the injection bodies can be subjected to a re-examination, whereby, depending on the geological conditions, the distance between the respective holes can be determined in the best possible way can. The additional possibility of installing monitoring devices in the injection body therefore has two major advantages:

• on the one hand, the quality of the injection bodies produced can be proven to the customer and, in the case of damaged areas, they can be improved;
• Furthermore, in the area of very large sealing bodies or consolidation areas to be produced, the distance can be optimized depending on the local geological conditions. Depending on the result of the downstream measurements, the injection pressure of the injection agent can be adapted to the local conditions and, even with the injection pressure remaining the same, the distance between the individual bores running parallel to one another can be adapted to the geometry of the injection bodies produced in the best possible way.

The additional integration of monitoring cables or Sensor cables in the injection body thus helps the number the required parallel holes reduce even further and the amount of used To further optimize the injection agent.

Claims (17)

Process for the production of parallel injection bodies in the soil;
comprising the steps: (a) drilling a borehole through the ground; (b) pulling an electrically conductive guide cable through the borehole or using an empty drill pipe instead of a guide cable; (c) injecting into the borehole and the surrounding soil structure under increased pressure of an injection agent; (d) generating a magnetic field around the electrically conductive guide cable; (e) drilling a defined distance from the borehole using the magnetic field generated in step (d) to control a steerable drill head; and (f) repeating step (c) in the borehole created in step (e). The method of claim 1, wherein generating a Magnetic field around the electrically conductive guide cable by connecting it to a power source is carried out. Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that

steps (b) and (c) are carried out simultaneously. Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
steps (a) and (b) are carried out simultaneously. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that
the distance between the bores is selected so that the injection bodies formed by injecting injection agent overlap by two adjacent bores. A method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, further comprising: Pulling another electrically conductive guide cable through the borehole simultaneously with the execution of step (f). A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: Performing a large number of further bores each at a defined distance from the adjacent bore; and in each case injecting under increased pressure of an injection agent into the borehole and the surrounding structure. The method of claim 7 further comprising: in each case pulling in an electrically conductive guide cable through the large number of further bores. The method of claim 8, wherein the further holes each using a magnetic field for control a steerable drill head. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising: Pulling one or more sensor cables through the borehole. The method of any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising: Pulling an empty pipe through the borehole. The method of any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising: Pulling a tubular element or steel elements into the borehole. The method of claim 10, 11 or 12, wherein the Pulling in the sensor cable or cables, the empty pipe, or of the tubular pipe element or the steel elements simultaneously with the pulling in of the electrically conductive Guide cable is carried out. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising: Replacing the steerable drill head before injecting under increased pressure of an injection medium for an injection head. The method of claim 11, further comprising: Inserting a measuring probe into the empty tube for checking and analyzing the injection body. Earth's junction comprising: a plurality of side-by-side, elongated, generally horizontal, parallel holes; Injection bodies extending laterally outward from each of the boreholes along their length, the injection body extending from one borehole overlapping the injection bodies each extending from adjacent boreholes; and Guide cable in one or more selected drill holes. The barrier layer of claim 16, further comprising Sensor cables and / or conduits and / or tubular elements in one or more selected boreholes.

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