EP2690222B2 - Verfahren und System zum Einfrieren einer Bodenportion - Google Patents

Verfahren und System zum Einfrieren einer Bodenportion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2690222B2
EP2690222B2 EP13177293.1A EP13177293A EP2690222B2 EP 2690222 B2 EP2690222 B2 EP 2690222B2 EP 13177293 A EP13177293 A EP 13177293A EP 2690222 B2 EP2690222 B2 EP 2690222B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
probe
ground
liquefied gas
cryogenic
gas
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13177293.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2690222B1 (de
EP2690222A1 (de
Inventor
Valerio Tagliabue
Lorenzo Spada
Roberto Fantoni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Air Liquide Italia SpA
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Air Liquide Italia SpA
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Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude, Air Liquide Italia SpA filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP2690222A1 publication Critical patent/EP2690222A1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
    • E02D3/115—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means by freezing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
    • E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
    • E02D19/12—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water
    • E02D19/14—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water by freezing the soil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a system for freezing a portion of ground according to the accompanying claims.
  • Usually freezing is temporary and allows the programmed works to be carried out under safe conditions.
  • Said works consist, for example, in the construction of wells, tunnels, underground structures and impermeable diaphragm walls.
  • probes have been developed such as to allow, by means of the evaporation of a cryogenic liquefied gas contained inside them, for example nitrogen, freezing of the portion of ground inside which they are buried.
  • a cryogenic liquefied gas contained inside them for example nitrogen, freezing of the portion of ground inside which they are buried.
  • United States patent 3,943,722 discloses an apparatus and a method of freezing a large volume of grounds said apparatus consisting in a series of freeze pipes embedded in the ground, each of this freeze pipes consisting of a conductor tube anf an inner header tube.
  • DE 26 51 117A1 discloses a system with coaxial pipes for introducing and extracting cryogenic liquefied gas into and from a probe.
  • the probes also called freezing probes
  • the probes usually have a sleeve inside which the cryogenic liquefied gas is introduced via first pipes. Said cryogenic liquefied gas, after evaporating and absorbing heat from the ground surrounding the probe, is then extracted from the sleeve by means of second pipes.
  • the first pipes introduce the cryogenic liquefied gas in a bottom zone of the sleeve (and therefore of the probe).
  • cryogenic liquefied gas is propelled from the bottom of the sleeve towards an upper portion of the said bottom, filling it.
  • a second pipe is provided so as to allow evacuation of the cryogenic gas which, after releasing cold, passes from the liquid state to the gaseous state.
  • the first pipes allow connection of a cryogenic storage tank to the sleeve.
  • said pipes have at least one valve for allowing variation of the flow rate of the cryogenic liquefied gas flowing along the pipe.
  • the cryogenic gas extracted in the gaseous state from the probe may be conveyed by the second pipe to an apparatus for dispersion, into the atmosphere, of the cryogenic gas in the gaseous state.
  • the second pipe similar to the first pipe, has at least one valve intended, for example, to vary the flow rate of the nitrogen flowing along the second pipe.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a system for freezing a portion of ground which is able to solve the said problems.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a system able to improve the heat exchange between the cryogenic liquefied gas and the ground surrounding the probe.
  • the reference number 1 denotes a system for freezing a portion of ground 15.
  • the system 1 generally has at least one probe 3 which is buried inside the ground 15 surrounding the aforementioned probe 3 via an insertable end 3a thereof, said probe 3 being connected to supply means 5 for supplying a cryogenic liquefied gas to the probe 3.
  • said supply means 5 are able to deliver said cryogenic liquefied gas inside the probe 3.
  • the system 1 comprises two probes 3 and 3'.
  • the system 1 may have a plurality of probes, the number of which is defined depending on the predefined purpose.
  • the aforementioned supply means 5 comprise a tank 9 of suitable dimensions for ensuring that the system 1 is kept constantly supplied.
  • the tank 9 may have means for detecting and/or calculating and/or indicating to other devices the instantaneous and/or average delivery flow rate.
  • said supply means 5 may comprise any cryogenic liquefied gas source suitable for the purpose.
  • the supply means 5 also comprise a delivery pipe 6 having a first end 6a connected to the tank 9.
  • Said delivery pipe 6 is also connected to the probe 3 by means of a second end 6b (in order to fill it with cryogenic gas in liquid form).
  • Each probe ( Fig. 2 ) usually comprises a sleeve 13 inside which the cryogenic liquefied gas, for example nitrogen, is introduced.
  • the sleeve 13 allows the cryogenic liquefied gas to be kept separate from the ground 15 into which the probe 3 is inserted.
  • cryogenic liquefied gas With the cryogenic liquefied gas it is possible to reduce the temperature of the ground down to, for example, a temperature in the region of -10 °C (temperature detected in the ground 15 surrounding the probe 3). With this temperature it is possible to obtain substantially a wall of frozen ground which allows the works to be carried out at depth without the presence of water infiltration. Said works consist, for example, in the construction of wells, tunnels, underground structures and impermeable diaphragm walls.
  • the freezing operation is based on the principle that the cryogenic liquefied gas introduced inside the probe 3 absorbs heat from the ground 15, evaporating and at the same time reducing the temperature of the ground 15.
  • the cryogenic gas in the gaseous state present inside the probe 3 is evacuated by means of a suction pipe 7.
  • the sleeve 13 generally has a tubular form closed at at least one first end 13a corresponding to the insertable end 3a of the probe 3, in order to contain the cryogenic liquefied gas.
  • the sleeve 13 has preferably a round-shaped cross-section.
  • the tubular form of the sleeve 13 is such as to define at least one lateral wall 14 of the probe.
  • the sleeve 13 at a second end 13b opposite to the first end 13a has a cover 17 which hermetically closes the sleeve 13 of the probe 3.
  • the second end 13b of the sleeve 13 is not buried in the ground 15, but is placed outside of the aforementioned ground 15.
  • the probe 3 extends along a longitudinal axis X defined by the tubular form of the same probe 3.
  • the probe 3 can be inserted into the ground 15 in such a way that, during use, the longitudinal axis X is arranged vertically.
  • a first opening 21 is provided for housing and hermetically securing the delivery pipe 6 to the probe 3.
  • a second opening 23 is provided for housing and hermetically securing the suction pipe 7.
  • the delivery pipe 6 is housed inside the first opening 21 and extends at least partly inside the probe 3.
  • the portion of the delivery pipe 6 placed inside the probe 3 is referred to as "dispensing pipe 33".
  • Said dispensing pipe 33 extends at least partly parallel to the axis X.
  • the cryogenic liquefied gas is introduced inside the sleeve 13 by means of gravity via a dispensing device 31 placed at a second end 6b of the delivery pipe 6 of the probe 3.
  • the second end 6b of the delivery pipe 6 corresponds to a free and facing the end 3a of the probe 3.
  • the dispensing device 31 has a dispensing mouth 35 via which the cryogenic liquefied gas may be sprayed onto the lateral wall 14 of the probe 3, above a liquid head generated by the cryogenic liquefied gas present inside the probe 3 at the first end 13a. Moreover, said dispensing device 31 allows spraying of the cryogenic liquefied gas towards the end 3a of the probe 3.
  • the dispensing mouth 35 may be, for example, divided up into a plurality of openings (not shown in the figures) defined by means of a perforated plate or sheet (not shown in the figures). Alternatively it may have a nozzle with a form such as to allow spraying of the cryogenic liquefied gas or also other means suitable for the purpose.
  • the probe 3 comprises a layer of insulating material 36 placed externally to the sleeve 13 and adhering to the sleeve 13 itself.
  • the layer of insulating material 36 lines an upper part of the probe 3.
  • the layer of insulating material 36 has a first end 36a placed between the dispensing mouth 35 and a suction mouth 47 positioned along a first end portion 7a of the suction pipe 7 and a second end 36b of the layer of insulating material 36 placed at the end 3b of the probe 3.
  • Said dispensing mouth 35 is positioned at a distance H1 from the first end 13a of the sleeve 13.
  • This distance H1 defines the height of the cold front edge which is to be obtained in the ground surrounding the probe 3.
  • the value of the distance H1 is also determined so as to generate the front cold edge which is to be obtained in the ground surrounding the probe 3.
  • the dispensing mouth 35 is positioned at a distance H2 from the suction mouth 47.
  • This distance H2 is, for example, equal to about 1 metre and is measured in the direction defined by the longitudinal axis X.
  • a mixed liquid/gas phase consisting of the cryogenic gas in the gaseous state and a suspension of cryogenic gas droplets in the liquid state is produced.
  • a substantially gaseous phase is present in the proximity of the suction mouth 47.
  • This suction mouth 47 defines an upper freezing limit of the ground 15.
  • Said upper freezing limit of the ground 15 in turn defines a height h above which, inside the sleeve 13, there is no cryogenic gas in the liquid state. This height is determined a priori depending on the height at which the ground 15 is to be frozen.
  • the delivery pipe 6 has a first valve 37 placed at the end 13b of the probe 3, in particular upstream of the first opening 21.
  • the first valve 37 enables or interrupts dispensing of the cryogenic liquefied gas inside the aforementioned delivery pipe 6.
  • a first branch 39 may be present along a portion 38 of the delivery pipe 6 situated between the first opening 21 and the first valve 37.
  • the branch 39 connects the aforementioned portion 38 to the suction pipe 7 connected to a probe 3' adjacent to the probe 3.
  • the delivery pipe 6 has at least one valve 75 for interrupting the flow of the cryogenic liquefied gas should the atmospheric emissions of said system 1 not comply with the oxygenation limits stipulated by the environmental safety regulations.
  • Said delivery pipe 6 also has at least one second branch 46.
  • Said second branch 46 allows all the probes forming part of the system 1 to be supplied simultaneously.
  • the suction pipe 7 allows the sleeve 13 to be connected to at least one apparatus 11 for dispersion, into the atmosphere, of the cryogenic gas in gaseous form.
  • a first end portion 7a of the suction pipe 7 is housed and hermetically secured inside the second opening 23 present at the second end 13b of the sleeve 13.
  • the first end portion 7a of the suction pipe 7 extends at least partly inside the sleeve 13.
  • This first end portion 7a situated inside the sleeve 13 is commonly referred to as "dip pipe 45".
  • the dip pipe 45 corresponds to the first end portion 7a.
  • the dip pipe 45 in a similar manner to the dispensing pipe 33, extends at least partly parallel to the longitudinal axis X.
  • One end 45a of the dip pipe 45 inside the probe is provided with the suction mouth 47 via which the cryogenic gas is removed from the sleeve 13.
  • This suction mouth 47 is placed at a distance h defined between the suction mouth 47 and the end 3a of the probe 3.
  • the suction mouth 47 is placed at a height above the dispensing mouth 35 (when the axis X of the probe is arranged vertically). In this way, the evaporated cryogenic gas present inside the sleeve 13, in particular above the free surface of the cryogenic liquefied gas, may be extracted from the sleeve 13 itself in order to be dispersed into the atmosphere.
  • the suction pipe 7 allows transfer of the cryogenic gas in the gaseous state from the probe 3 to the apparatus 11.
  • the transfer of the cryogenic gas in the gaseous state from the probe 3 to the apparatus 11 takes place as a result of the reduced pressure present between the tank 9 (inside which the cryogenic gas is usually kept it a pressure of at least 2 bar) and the atmospheric pressure.
  • This apparatus 11 has at least one discharge flue 49 suitably connected to at least one fan 51.
  • the fans 51 introduce air at a base 53 of the discharge flues 49.
  • the fans 51 therefore allow the cryogenic gas to be mixed with air in order to reduce the concentration and increase the temperature thereof, before said cryogenic gas is dispersed in the atmosphere.
  • This mixing operation allows the cryogenic gas to be dispersed in the atmosphere in keeping with the parameters laid down by the environmental protection regulations.
  • the flues 49 along a portion passed over by an air flow generated by the fans 51, have an opening (not shown in the figures) for housing and hermetically securing a second end 7b of the suction pipe 7. Via said opening, when the fans 51 are activated, it is possible to generate inside the suction pipe 7 a vacuum such as to draw off the cryogenic gas present inside the sleeve 13.
  • a discharge flue 49 may have two fans 51 with a different air flow rate.
  • the discharge flues 49 in the proximity of their upper portion, may have probes for detecting the temperature of the vapours emitted from the aforementioned discharge flues 49.
  • At least one environmental low-oxygenation sensor may be provided in the proximity of said apparatus 11.
  • said environmental sensor activates an alarm signal, for example an acoustic and/or visual signal.
  • said sensor is able to send a signal for closing the valve 75, therefore interrupting the supply of cryogenic liquefied gas to the probes.
  • the suction pipe 7 has a first valve 57 placed at the end 3a of the probe 3, in particular downstream of the second opening 23. Said first valve 57 allows or interrupts the flow of cryogenic gas inside the aforementioned suction pipe 7, in particular the transfer of a cryogenic gas from the sleeve 13 to the apparatus 11.
  • a third branch 61 is generally placed along a first portion 59 of the suction pipe 7 situated between the second opening 23 and the first valve 57. Said third branch 61 is able to house at least one sensor for detecting the temperature 63 of the cryogenic gas present in the sleeve 13.
  • a fourth branch 67 is present along a second portion 65 of the suction pipe 7, between the first valve 57 and the temperature detection sensor 63, said branch allowing division of a cryogenic gas flow directed from the sleeve 13 to the apparatus 11.
  • the portion of cryogenic gas which passes through the fourth branch 67 may thus be transferred to a second probe 3' adjacent to the probe 3, in order to recycle the aforementioned cryogenic gas to said second probe 3'.
  • the gas is transferred to the second probe 3' by means of the fifth branch 39' along which there is a fifth valve 73 for enabling or interrupting the flow of the cryogenic gas.
  • This solution is used should be cryogenic gas leaving the sleeve 13 still be able to absorb heat from the ground 15. In this way it is possible to perform recycling of the cryogenic gas.
  • the sleeve 13 at the end 13b may have a further opening or branch 69.
  • Said further opening or branch 69 allows, for example, connection of an instrument (not shown in the figures) for measuring the pressure present inside the sleeve 13 of the probe 3.
  • an instrument not shown in the figures
  • a safety valve 71 (commonly called PSV) for protecting the mechanical integrity of the sleeve 13 and the suction pipe 7 against the risk of overpressure is present in the region of the dip pipe 45 or the end 13b of the sleeve 13.
  • Additional sensors are also provided for detecting the temperature of the ground 15. Said additional sensors allow continuous detection of the temperature of the ground 15 and at the same time provide indications as to the actual condition of the ground 15 which is to be frozen. In this way it is possible to have an indication of the efficiency of operation of the freezing system 1.
  • a plurality of temperature detection sensors (not shown in the figures) which can be inserted in the ground 15 are arranged vertically aligned with one other in the aforementioned ground 15 surrounding the probe 3 and in direct contact with the probe itself. In this way it is possible to obtain an indication of the level of the cryogenic liquefied gas present inside the sleeve 13.
  • a method for freezing the ground 15 also forms part of the present invention.
  • Said method for freezing the ground 15 consists in providing the system 1 in accordance with the arrangement shown in Figure 1 , burying at least one probe 3 in the aforementioned ground 15.
  • the cryogenic gas by means of the supply means 5, is introduced inside the probe 3 in order to acquire heat from the ground 15 surrounding the aforementioned probe 3, evaporating.
  • cryogenic liquid gas when the cryogenic liquefied gas is emitted from the dispensing mouth 35, said cryogenic liquid gas is sprayed onto at least one lateral wall 14 of the probe 3 and/or towards a buried end 3a of the probe 3.
  • the cryogenic gas is then evacuated from the probe 3 by means of the suction pipe 7 which transfers the aforementioned cryogenic gas to the system for dispersion of the gases into the atmosphere 11.
  • a maintenance phase during which the temperature reached during freezing is maintained.
  • the aforementioned temperature is maintained by means of suitable cycles for injection of the cryogenic liquefied gas into the probe 3. These injection cycles are performed using flow rates of the cryogenic liquefied gas which are lower (than that used during freezing) or by supplying cryogenic liquefied gas discontinuously.
  • a thawing step envisages interrupting the injection of cryogenic liquefied gas to the probe 3.
  • This step consists in merely monitoring the temperature of the ground 15 in order to check when said temperatures have returned to a level above zero degrees.
  • the present invention achieves the object indicated since the cryogenic liquefied gas, which is sprayed at least onto a lateral wall of the probe and/or towards the insertable end of the probe itself, allows improved heat exchange with the ground surrounding the probe to be obtained, compared to the prior art.

Claims (5)

  1. System (1) zum Einfrieren eines Bodenabschnitts (15), zumindest eine Sonde (3) umfassend, die zumindest ein Ende (3a) aufweist, das in den einzufrierenden Boden (15) eingeführt werden kann, und die zumindest eine Seitenwand (14) aufweist, ein Zuführmittel (5) für ein verflüssigtes Kryogas, das mit der Sonde (3) verbunden ist, um das verflüssigte Kryogas derselben Sonde (3) zuzuführen, wobei das Zuführmittel (5) eine Abgabevorrichtung (31) des verflüssigten Kryogases umfasst, die an der Innenseite der Sonde (3) platziert ist,
    wobei die Abgabevorrichtung (31) derart im Abstand zum Ende (3a), das in den Boden (15) eingeführt werden kann, angeordnet ist, um das Gas direkt auf die Seitenwand (14) der Sonde (3) zu sprühen,
    wobei
    die Abgabevorrichtung (31) eine Abgabemündung (35) aufweist, über die das verflüssigte Kryogas auf die Seitenwand 14 der Sonde 3 gesprüht werden kann und hin zum Ende (3a) der Sonde (3) gesprüht werden kann, oberhalb einer Flüssigkeitssäule, die durch das verflüssigte Kryogas erzeugt wird, das innerhalb der Sonde 3 am ersten Ende 13a vorhanden ist,
    wobei die Sonde (3) eine röhrenförmige Ausbildung aufweist, die am einführbaren Ende (3a) geschlossen ist, um das verflüssigte Kryogas zu enthalten, wobei sich die Sonde (3) entlang einer Längsachse X erstreckt, die Sonde (3) derart in den Boden (15) eingeführt werden kann, dass die Längsachse X vertikal angeordnet ist,
    wobei die Sonde (3) mit einem Saugrohr (7) bereitgestellt wird, wobei das Saugrohr (7) zumindest teilweise an der Innenseite der Sonde (3) platziert ist, sich zumindest teilweise parallel zur Längsachse X erstreckt und an einem ersten Ende (7a) des Saugrohres (7) an der Innenseite der Sonde (3) eine Saugmündung (47) aufweist,
    wobei die Sonde (3) einen Abstand (h) aufweist, der zwischen der Saugmündung (47) des Saugrohres (45) und dem einführbaren Ende (3a) der Sonde (3) definiert ist, der im Verhältnis zum Abstand (H1), der zwischen der Abgabevorrichtung (31) und dem einführbaren Ende (3a) der Sonde (3) definiert wird, größer,
    und wobei die Sonde (3) eine Hülse 13 umfasst, die eine Schicht aus Isoliermaterial (36) aufweist, die außerhalb der Hülse (13) platziert ist und an derselben Hülse (13) anhaftet, innerhalb derer das verflüssigte Kryogas eingebracht wird,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Isoliermaterial (36) der Hülse (13) ein erstes Ende (36a) aufweist, das zwischen der Abgabevorrichtung (31) und der Saugmündung (47) enthalten ist.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Vielzahl von Temperaturerfassungssensoren umfasst, die in der Nähe der Sonde (3) und in direktem Kontakt mit derselben Sonde in den Boden (15) eingeführt werden können, wobei die Sensoren parallel zueinander, im Verhältnis zur Längsachse X ausgerichtet, angeordnet sind.
  3. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zuführmittel (5) zumindest ein Förderrohr (6) umfasst, wobei das Förderrohr (6) zumindest teilweise an der Innenseite der Sonde (3) ist, sich zumindest teilweise parallel zur Längsachse X erstreckt, wobei die Ausgabevorrichtung (31) an einem zweiten Ende (6b) des Förderrohres (6) platziert ist.
  4. Verfahren zum Einfrieren eines Bodenteils (15), umfassend die folgenden Schritte:
    - von vornherein Bestimmen der Höhe h, oberhalb derer innerhalb der Hülse (13) der Sonde (3) des Systems wie in einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 definiert, in Abhängigkeit von der Höhe, auf der der Boden (15) einzufrieren ist, kein Kryogas im flüssigen Zustand ist;
    - Einführen der zumindest einen Sonde (3) in den einzufrierenden Boden (15), derart, dass die Längsachse X, entlang derer sich die Sonde erstreckt, bei der Verwendung vertikal angeordnet ist;
    - Einbringen eines verflüssigten Kryogases in die Sonde (3); um im Inneren der Sonde (3) eine gemischte flüssige/gasförmige Phase des Kryogases bereitzustellen aufweist, wobei die flüssige/gasförmige Phase zumindest zwischen der Abgabemündung (35) und der Saugmündung (47) platziert ist; und
    - Ausbringen des Kryogases, das aus der Sonde (3) verdampft, anhand des Saugrohres (7);
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Einbringens des verflüssigten Kryogases in die Sonde (3) den Schritt des Sprühens des verflüssigten Kryogases in Richtung eines vergrabenen einführbaren Endes (3a) der Sonde (3) umfasst.
EP13177293.1A 2012-07-24 2013-07-19 Verfahren und System zum Einfrieren einer Bodenportion Active EP2690222B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT001284A ITMI20121284A1 (it) 2012-07-24 2012-07-24 Metodo e impianto per il congelamento di una porzione di un terreno

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2690222A1 EP2690222A1 (de) 2014-01-29
EP2690222B1 EP2690222B1 (de) 2017-08-30
EP2690222B2 true EP2690222B2 (de) 2020-12-30

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ID=46800273

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EP13177293.1A Active EP2690222B2 (de) 2012-07-24 2013-07-19 Verfahren und System zum Einfrieren einer Bodenportion

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EP (1) EP2690222B2 (de)
ES (1) ES2643515T3 (de)
IT (1) ITMI20121284A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3441529B1 (de) * 2017-08-10 2020-09-30 Linde GmbH Vorrichtung und verfahren zum gefrieren von erdreich

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2651117A1 (de) † 1976-11-09 1978-05-18 Linde Ag Vorrichtung zum bodengefrieren
DE3112291A1 (de) † 1981-03-27 1982-10-07 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden "vorrichtung zum bodengefrieren"
CN201031387Y (zh) † 2007-04-18 2008-03-05 上海地铁运营有限公司 液氮冻结器

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943722A (en) * 1970-12-31 1976-03-16 Union Carbide Canada Limited Ground freezing method
JPS61134417A (ja) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-21 Showa Alum Corp 土壌凍結用などに適した長尺熱輸送装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2651117A1 (de) † 1976-11-09 1978-05-18 Linde Ag Vorrichtung zum bodengefrieren
DE3112291A1 (de) † 1981-03-27 1982-10-07 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden "vorrichtung zum bodengefrieren"
CN201031387Y (zh) † 2007-04-18 2008-03-05 上海地铁运营有限公司 液氮冻结器

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ES2643515T3 (es) 2017-11-23
EP2690222B1 (de) 2017-08-30
ITMI20121284A1 (it) 2014-01-25
EP2690222A1 (de) 2014-01-29

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