EP2686746B1 - Serienspannungsregler mit elektronik mit kurzschlussschutz durch magnetische schaltbasierte entkopplung mit löchern und fenstern - Google Patents

Serienspannungsregler mit elektronik mit kurzschlussschutz durch magnetische schaltbasierte entkopplung mit löchern und fenstern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2686746B1
EP2686746B1 EP20120709635 EP12709635A EP2686746B1 EP 2686746 B1 EP2686746 B1 EP 2686746B1 EP 20120709635 EP20120709635 EP 20120709635 EP 12709635 A EP12709635 A EP 12709635A EP 2686746 B1 EP2686746 B1 EP 2686746B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
regulator
coil
air gap
voltage
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EP20120709635
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2686746A2 (de
Inventor
Philippe Guuinic
Jean-François BRUDNY
Valentin Costan
Maxime DESSOUDE
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Electricite de France SA
Universite dArtois
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Electricite de France SA
Universite dArtois
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Priority to PL12709635T priority Critical patent/PL2686746T3/pl
Publication of EP2686746A2 publication Critical patent/EP2686746A2/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
    • G05F1/32—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using magnetic devices having a controllable degree of saturation as final control devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
    • G05F1/32—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using magnetic devices having a controllable degree of saturation as final control devices
    • G05F1/325—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using magnetic devices having a controllable degree of saturation as final control devices with specific core structure, e.g. gap, aperture, slot, permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/14—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with variable magnetic bias

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a voltage regulator adapted to be connected in series between, on the one hand, an alternating source and, on the other hand, a load, comprising a magnetic circuit comprising a first core and a second core parallel to each other, at least one first inductive coil wound around the first core and connected on the one hand to the alternative source and on the other hand to the load, and at least one voltage converter having a second coil wound around the second core.
  • FIG. 1 there are known alternative electrical networks (for example of high voltage transport, medium and low voltage distribution, as well as the industrial internal supply networks of the factories) which comprise at least one voltage regulator 10, adapted to be connected in series between an alternative S source and a C load.
  • at least one voltage regulator 10 adapted to be connected in series between an alternative S source and a C load.
  • the voltage of the networks is frequently degraded, especially as one moves away from the source (such as for example a mean voltage drop, a flicker, a generation of harmonics or voltage dips), and the known regulator 10 allows voltage regulation, in order to correct the voltage of the connected loads at the end of the network.
  • the known regulator 10 comprises a magnetic circuit 2 comprising a first core 21 and a second core 22, parallel to each other. It also comprises at least a first inductive coil 1 wound around the first core 21 and connected on the one hand to the source S and on the other hand to the load C. Finally, it comprises at least one electronic voltage converter 4 comprising a second coil 7 wound around the second core 22.
  • a magnetic circuit 2 comprising a first core 21 and a second core 22, parallel to each other. It also comprises at least a first inductive coil 1 wound around the first core 21 and connected on the one hand to the source S and on the other hand to the load C. Finally, it comprises at least one electronic voltage converter 4 comprising a second coil 7 wound around the second core 22.
  • the converter 4 makes it possible to regulate the voltage at the terminals Bc of the load when it is coupled, via the second coil 7, to the first coil 1 which has an inductance L.
  • the magnetic flux F A of the first coil 1 closes in the circuit 2 on the first core 21 and the second core 22.
  • the assembly formed by the first coil 1, the circuit 2 and the second coil 7 constitutes a voltage transformer which couples the converter 4 with the first coil 1 in series and upstream of the load C.
  • the converter 4 can therefore regulate the voltage at the terminals Bc of the load C.
  • the aforementioned electrical networks are inevitably subject to defects D (accident, equipment failure, lightning ... and in general any overcurrent (short-circuit) that can cross the regulator), especially since a dozen years, the risks of default increase due to aging networks.
  • the connection to the networks of new types of installations increases the power of the short circuits in the networks in the event of a fault.
  • the amplitude of the short-circuit currents is thus of the order of a few kA up to several tens or hundreds of kA, depending on the types of networks. Currents of high amplitude can damage the networks, and in particular the converter 4.
  • a known solution consists in providing an electromechanical decoupling device for the converter 4 and the first coil 1.
  • the converter must therefore be decoupled by switches.
  • the nominal current corresponding to a three-phase load C of 1 MVA is of the order of 30A, while the amplitude of the short-circuit can reach several hundred amperes (10 times the rated current), or even several thousand amperes .
  • a voltage regulation of plus or minus 10% corresponds to a single-phase voltage variation of the order of 1 kV, a permanent power of the converter 4 of the order of 30kVA.
  • the characteristics of the switches of the converter must be such that they can convey a single-phase power of the order 300kVA, or more in case of short circuits of several thousand amperes. Such switches are consequently very expensive.
  • the invention proposes to overcome at least one of these disadvantages.
  • the invention has many advantages.
  • the invention provides a voltage regulator for regulating a voltage across a load on the grid in normal operation, and for decoupling a regulator converter from the mains and a control source of the regulator, to protect them from voltage currents. short circuit in the event of a fault.
  • the regulator of the invention finds its voltage regulation function, without any maintenance, while network returns to its normal regime.
  • the high performance of the regulator of the invention makes it possible to reduce correspondingly the performance of the cut-off devices associated with it in the network.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to provide an inexpensive network protection device, especially since it may not comprise superconducting material.
  • the controller can include a passive or active control, even intelligent, depending on the type of network, the type of protection device and the amplitude of the normal, transient and fault currents. This control is performed from a direct current injected into a specific winding for magnetically saturating, locally, the magnetic circuit.
  • the invention is such that the continuous ampere-turns supplying the saturation coil of the magnetic circuit of the regulator are small, since the local saturation of the magnetic circuit (to form a virtual gap V E) is obtained easily (the perimeter of the holes on which the winding is coiled is weak).
  • a superconducting material may be used for the auxiliary winding, but it is not essential.
  • the saturation auxiliary winding time constant may be low to quickly shut off the DC current and change the state of the Virtual Gap quickly.
  • the advantage of the invention is that the voltage converter and the DC source of the air gap EV are magnetically decoupled, as long as the fault lasts.
  • FIGS. 2A, 2B , 2C , 3A and 3B schematically represent a possible embodiment of a voltage regulator 10 according to the invention.
  • the regulator 10 is adapted to be connected in series between, on the one hand, an alternating source S and, on the other hand, a load C.
  • the assembly formed by the source S, the regulator 10 and the load C thus forms an electrical network.
  • the return of the current (normal or fault) to the source S is not shown in the simplified diagrams.
  • the present invention thus relates to an alternating network, powered by a source S of voltage regulated power.
  • the voltage regulator 10 adapted to be connected in series, makes it possible to correct the voltage of the load C connected at the end of the network.
  • the regulator 10 which is the subject of the invention is located between an upstream network which comprises the source S of power (and which may comprise charges not represented on the figures) and a downstream network that includes charge C.
  • the regulator 10 serves to regulate the voltage downstream, that is to say and for simplicity, at the terminals Bc of a load C.
  • the regulator 10 comprises a magnetic circuit 2 embodied by a plate.
  • the plate may be one-piece, or may comprise a superposition of magnetic sheets 28.
  • the plate has external peripheral outlines, and includes a first window 23 defining internal peripheral contours 26 of the plate, and a second window 24 defining internal peripheral contours 27 of the plate.
  • the circuit 2 also comprises a first core 21, delimited by the contours 26 and 27 of the plate, and a second core 22, delimited by the contours 25 and 26 of the plate, the first core 21 and the second core 22 being preferentially but not limitatively parallel to each other.
  • It also comprises at least a first inductive coil 1 wound around the first core 21 and connected on the one hand to the source S and on the other hand to the load C.
  • At least one electronic voltage converter 4 comprising a second coil 7 wound around the second core 22.
  • the converter 4 is known to those skilled in the art and is not described in detail later in this description.
  • the converter 4 is preferably an electronic switching converter, with components supporting a large power (including insulated gate bipolar transistors or "IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistors" in the terminology of the art) and switching frequencies greater than 1 kHz.
  • the circuit 2 comprises a third decoupling core 3.
  • the third core 3 extends at least partially on a side opposite to the second core 22 relative to the first core 21.
  • the first core 21 is located between the second core 22 and the second core 22. the third decoupling core 3.
  • the third core 3 may however be located in any way with respect to the first core 21 and the second core 22.
  • Circuit 2 also has a virtual gap EV.
  • the auxiliary winding 6 can create a magnetomotive force FAt c corresponding to continuous ampere-turns.
  • the magnetomotive force FAt c is equal to the product of the number of turns of the winding 6 by the continuous current in amperes which passes through them.
  • the magnetomotive force FAt c thus created by the winding 6 can magnetically saturate the third core 3, locally at the air gap EV.
  • the continuous ampere-turns (At) supplying the winding 6 are relatively small. They are between 500 At and several thousand At, depending on the diameter of the holes 5 and according to the characteristic of variation of the magnetic induction B as a function of the magnetic field H in the circuit 2.
  • the winding 6 may be of superconductive material, but this is not essential.
  • the virtual dimension of the air gap EV increases with the value of ampere-turns.
  • the core 3 may in particular comprise a plurality of virtual gaps EV), and, within each pair 50, to modify the shape, the diameter, and the position of the holes 5.
  • the increase in the number of holes does not significantly modify the impedance values of the coil 1 or the coil 6, nor the order of magnitude of the total number of At necessary to saturate the air gap EV during normal operation.
  • the preference may respond to manufacturing facilities of circuit 2 or coil 1 or winding 6 or control functions of source 8.
  • Rectangular shapes of holes tend to increase harmonic currents. Here again, preference will be able to respond to manufacturing facilities.
  • the regulator 10 according to the invention operates between at least two states.
  • a first state is schematically represented on the Figures 2A and 3A , and is a state in which the virtual air gap EV is open and magnetically opens the magnetic circuit 2 by magnetically saturating the third decoupling core 3 locally.
  • the magnetic flux in the third core 3 is low (leak flow) because it is interrupted by the virtual gap EV.
  • the auxiliary winding 6 is supplied with direct current to saturate the periphery of the holes 5 arranged inside the third core 3. This local saturation is equivalent to the opening of the core 3 by a mechanical gap.
  • the magnetic flux F A in the second core 22 is important: the converter 4 is then magnetically coupled to the first coil 1, via the second coil 7, so that the regulator 10 can regulate a voltage in the load C.
  • a second state is schematically represented on the Figures 2B and 3B , and is a state in which the virtual gap EV is closed and magnetically closes the magnetic circuit 2 at the third decoupling core 3.
  • the magnetic flux Fc in the third core 3 is important because the virtual gap EV is closed, while the flux embraced by the coil 6 is negligible, due to the symmetrical arrangement of the holes 5.
  • the magnetic flux (leakage flux) in the second core 22 is small: as shown in FIG. figure 3B the converter 4 is then decoupled from the first coil 1, so that the regulator 10 no longer regulates the voltage in the load C, but is not damaged by a fault in the network.
  • the second coil 7 is short-circuited to obtain equivalence to the opening 70 of the core 22.
  • the regulator 10 is then adapted to the needs of the network (transmission network, distribution network or industrial network) and the variety of power ranges (normal and short-circuit power).
  • the third state corresponds to an intermediate regime of the network, in which the alternating current is slightly greater than the current nominal load.
  • the intermediate regime we therefore have the following condition: Has at > Has vs .
  • the circuit 2 is then partially desaturated at the gap VE of the third core 3, and a part of the alternating magnetic flux F A (imposed by FAt a ) flows in the third core 3 in combination with the continuous flow Fc (imposed by FAt c ). All the windings are then magnetically coupled.
  • the opening of the air gap EV in normal network or the closing of the air gap EV during a fault on the network can be passive or active or so-called intelligent.
  • the limiter 10 comprises a passive control 60 of the opening and closing of the air gap EV.
  • the passive control 60 comprises a permanent connection between the source 8 and the winding 6, in accordance with the Figures 2A, 2B and 2C .
  • the passive control 60 uses the closing of the air gap EV, by desaturation of the circuit 2 at the air gap EV due to the fact that the force FAt a is very high compared to the force FAt c , because of the defect at the the network and the strong current flowing through the coil 1.
  • the intensity of the direct current flowing through the coil 6, fixed prior to the fault, is the only parameter for adjusting the level of desaturation of the third core 3 .
  • the source 8 is in a manner known to those skilled in the art protected against overcurrents and overvoltages that develop during transient network conditions and during defects.
  • an active command 60 for opening and closing the air gap EV shown in FIG. figure 4 .
  • the regulator 10 comprises an active control 60 of the opening and closing of the air gap EV.
  • the active control 60 comprises a switch 61 between the source 8 and the coil 6.
  • the detector 62 compares the amplitude of the fault current with that of a setting threshold.
  • the switch 61 opens and the regulator 10 passes in a few milliseconds in its second state (closed EV).
  • the detector 62 closes the switch 61.
  • the active control 60 advantageously comprises an inductive current cutout overvoltage limiter 63, connected in parallel with the source 8, for example a zinc oxide arrester (ZnO), and / or a freewheeling diode in series with a resistor both known to those skilled in the art.
  • an inductive current cutout overvoltage limiter 63 connected in parallel with the source 8, for example a zinc oxide arrester (ZnO), and / or a freewheeling diode in series with a resistor both known to those skilled in the art.
  • control 60 is connected to a source 8 comprising a variator 81 of the intensity of the current in the winding 6.
  • the drive 81 is an electronic power converter, known to those skilled in the art, which delivers a current comprising a component continuous, but may also include alternative components, especially at twice the network frequency.
  • the command 60 controls the drive 81 which then makes the regulator 10 pass through.
  • the magnetic operating state 1, 2 or 3 most adapted to the context.
  • the command 60 can also be remotely controlled to take into account the operation of the protection devices of the network, or even modify its adjustment thresholds as needed.
  • the drive 81 is advantageously provided with protection devices, known to those skilled in the art, against overcurrents and overvoltages.
  • the Figures 6A and 6B schematically represent functions of a regulator according to the invention, with reference to the three magnetic states of the airgap EV.
  • the winding 7 of the converter 4 can remain open for the duration of the fault or, preferably, be short-circuited to help push the magnetic flux to the air gap EV.
  • This short-circuiting is equivalent to an opening of the magnetic circuit 70, as shown in FIG. figure 3B . It can be provided by the converter 4 itself or by complementary components, including converter protections known to those skilled in the art.
  • the converter 4 is also in an intermediate state of partial decoupling during the normal transient period.
  • Table 1 summarizes the magnetic states of the air gap EV and those of the voltage converter 4.
  • Table 1 Amplitude of the alternating current of the network Normal diet (In) Normal transient regime (2 to 3 In) Default (5 to 10 In or more)
  • Two operating modes with the EV air gap in active order Regulated voltage Open air gap EV Totally decoupled converter Air gap EV closed
  • Two operating modes with the EV air gap in passive control Regulated voltage Open air gap EV Partially regulated voltage, according to converter design and control Partially decoupled converter VE gap in intermediate state
  • Three operating regimes with the EV gap in three possible magnetic states Regulated voltage Open air gap EV Partially regulated voltage, according to the design and control of the converter Partially decoupled converter VE gap in intermediate state Totally decoupled converter Air gap EV closed
  • the three-speed device is desirable.
  • control 60 controls the DC source 8 and the voltage converter 4 in a coordinated manner.
  • the command 60 sends a voltage regulation setpoint 601 to the electronic converter 4, and a regulation setpoint 602 to the source 8.
  • the control of the intermediate state of the air gap EV is done by the current variation in the winding 6, the current comprising a DC component and harmonic components.
  • the source 8 may also advantageously comprise a current converter.
  • the converter 4 must be decoupled quickly from the network when a fault arises.
  • the Figure 8B shows indeed that it can be a normal transient regime (network operation, load variation, etc.), and in this case there is a return to a normal regime in a time typically of the order of a few milliseconds.
  • Figure 8C shows that the intensity can be extreme (from 5 to 10 In or more) and alternative with a period corresponding to the period of the network voltage, for example 20ms, and therefore correspond to a defect.
  • One of the advantages of a regulator 10 according to the invention is to size the power of the voltage converter for the purpose of regulation only, whatever the amplitude and the duration of the defects, in particular to reduce the fluctuations of voltages, the distortions harmonics, the effects of "flicker", and even offset all or part of the voltage dips.
  • the source 8 is sized to provide the permanent ohmic losses of the winding 6 and to hold the transient fast switching of the air gap EV transient situation which is also represented on the Figure 2C .
  • the choice of the ratio of the number of turns of the first coil 1 to the number of turns of the second coil 7 makes it possible to optimize the cost of the voltage converter 4 by adapting to the performance of the electronic equipment on the market, but also by benefiting from advances in switching speed (> kHz), withstand voltage (> kV) and withstand current (> kA).
  • the number of turns of the winding 6 is related to the characteristics of the circuit 2 to obtain a speed of control of the air gap EV of the order of one millisecond for a 50 Hz or 60 Hz industrial network.
  • the first core 21, a possible section reduction 210 and the second core 22 must not be magnetically saturated.
  • the magnetic circuit 2 must be closed to ensure good coupling between the second coil 7 of the converter 4 and the first coil 1. It is therefore necessary to avoid the mechanical gaps along the flow path F A (as also represented on the Figure 2A ).
  • the first core 21 may be saturated in order to limit the magnetic flux.
  • the first core 21 may include a section reduction 210.
  • the excess flow following the transient or fault can be channeled by a complementary core 220 connected by at least one gap 221 to the magnetic circuit 2.
  • the first coil 1 then surrounds the cores 21 and 220.
  • the figure 10A represents an equivalent circuit diagram of the regulator 10, with impedances L NEV , L NU and L NR respectively representative of the nuclei N EV (3), N U (22) and N R (21) of the Figure 9A .
  • the air gap EV is open, the inductance L NEV of the third core 3 is of low value.
  • the voltage converter 4 regulates the voltage U by compensating for the voltage drop in the inductance L NEV .
  • the air gap EV is not completely closed.
  • the current of the network (of intensity between 1 to 3 In) flows partly by the saturable inductance L NR and partly in the branch composed of the inductance L NEV (controlled by the source 8 of direct current I ), in series with the converter 4 delivering the voltage U (for an intensity of 0 to 2 In, depending on the performance of the source 8 and the converter 4).
  • the air gap EV is closed and the inductance L NEV limits the current in the voltage converter 4. This current is then lower than In, or very low, depending on the sizing and operating choices of the regulator.
  • the second coil is short-circuited to contribute to the opening 70 of the core 22 (as shown schematically on the figure 3B ): the voltage U represented on the figure 10D is then zero.
  • the regulator 10 thus comprises a function for limiting the fault current.
  • the figure 12 shows that according to a first embodiment, the first coil 1 consists of a first part 1a, wrapping around the first core 21, and a second part 1b, winding in the same winding direction, around a part of the circuit 2, called the yoke, between the first core 21 and the third core 3, for example in the vicinity of the holes 5.
  • the third core 3 is opened by the air gap EV, and the inductance L1b of the second part 1b of the first coil 1 is of low value. It introduces a low voltage drop ⁇ Vcc which can be compensated by the voltage converter 4.
  • the inductances L1a and L1b of the parts 1a and 1b of the coil 1 are traversed by the same flux F C which closes by the third core 3.
  • the voltage drops ⁇ Vcc depend on the number of turns of the parts 1a and 1b of the first coil 1 and are added in parts 1a and 1b according to the square of the numbers N1a and N1b of turns, namely NOT ⁇ 1 ⁇ at + NOT ⁇ 1 ⁇ b 2 .
  • the figure 13 showing a longitudinal section, seen from above, of the circuit 2, shows that according to a second embodiment, to increase the voltage drop ⁇ Vcc without changing the number of turns, it is necessary to increase the flow F C , in particular by increasing the section of the first core 21.
  • the circuit 2 comprises an auxiliary magnetic circuit 200 comprising a frame comprising a core 212 and a core NF, parallel to each other and to the first core 21, and a mechanical air gap EM.
  • the increase in flux F C in the first coil 1 does not therefore require increasing the section of the first core.
  • the voltage drop ⁇ Vcc1, due to the first core 21, is increased by ⁇ Vcc2, due to the auxiliary circuit 200 ( ⁇ Vcc2 is adjustable by the mechanical gap EM).
  • Another embodiment also making it possible to limit the fault current consists in adding in series with the regulator a separate inductance of the latter.
  • the voltage regulator can compensate for the voltage drop in this series inductance.
  • the figure 15 shows the relation between the effective voltage across the load and the effective current of the regulator, when a limiting function is provided by the regulator or by a separate inductance. It is understood that to optimize the construction of the regulator, the skilled person may prefer another arrangement of the windows 23 and 24 made with the cores and yokes, to facilitate for example the connection to the output terminals, or to meet the requirement of resistance to dielectric tests (lightning shock).
  • a multiphase regulator or regulator-limiter and in particular three-phase, can be based on the grouping of several identical single-phase units or on the design of a multiphase magnetic circuit, in the rules of the art known to those skilled in the art.
  • One of the aims of such an embodiment is to reduce the mass and bulk of the magnetic circuit.
  • Another goal it may be to obtain different performances in direct mode and in zero sequence mode, especially when the sources of voltage disturbances and / or faults are different in these modes, in particular because of the types of grounding of the AC network.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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Claims (10)

  1. Spannungsregler (10), der in Reihe schaltbar ist zwischen einerseits einer Wechselstromquelle (S) und anderseits einer Last (C), umfassend:
    eine Magnetschaltung (2) mit einem ersten Kern (21) und einem zweiten Kern (22),
    mindestens eine erste Induktionsspule (1), die mindestens teilweise um den ersten Kern (21) gewickelt ist, und die einerseits mit der Wechselstromquelle (S) und anderseits mit der Last (C) verbunden ist, und
    mindestens einen Spannungswandler (4) mit einer zweiten Spule (7), die um den zweiten Kern (22) gewickelt ist,
    wobei der Regler (10) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Schaltung (2) Folgendes umfasst:
    einen dritten Entkopplungskern (3) und
    einen virtuellen Luftspalt (EV), wobei der virtuelle Luftspalt (EV) Folgendes umfasst:
    - mindestens ein Paar (50) von Löchern (5) in dem dritten Entkopplungskern (3) und
    - eine Wicklung (6), die zwischen den Löchern (5) jedes Paares (50) von Löchern (5) gewickelt wird und mit einer Gleichstromquelle (8) verbunden ist,
    wobei der Regler (10) zwischen mindestens zwei Zuständen betrieben wird, das heißt:
    einem ersten Zustand, in dem der virtuelle Luftspalt (EV) geöffnet ist, indem er den dritten Entkopplungskern (3) magnetisch sättigt, wobei der magnetische Fluss in der dritten Spule (3) schwach ist, und wobei die zweite Spule (7) des Wandlers (4) mit der ersten Spule (1) gekoppelt ist, so dass der Regler eine Spannung in der Last (C) regeln kann, und
    einem zweiten Zustand, in dem der virtuelle Luftspalt (EV) geschlossen ist, wobei der magnetische Fluss in dem virtuellen Luftspalt (EV) der dritten Spule (3) hoch ist, so dass der Wandler (4) von der ersten Spule (1) entkoppelt ist.
  2. Regler nach Anspruch 1, der ferner angepasst ist, um in einem dritten Zustand betrieben zu werden, in dem der virtuelle Luftspalt (EV) teilweise geöffnet ist, indem er den dritten Kern (3) teilweise entsättigt, so dass der Wandler (4) von der ersten Spule (1) teilweise entkoppelt ist.
  3. Regler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, der eine passive oder aktive oder intelligente Steuerung (60) der vollständigen oder teilweisen Öffnung oder der vollständigen oder teilweisen Schließung des virtuellen Luftspalts (EV) aufweist.
  4. Regler nach Anspruch 3, wobei die passive Steuerung (60) eine permanente Verbindung zwischen der Gleichstromquelle (8) und der Wicklung (6) umfasst.
  5. Regler nach Anspruch 3, wobei die aktive Steuerung (60) einen Schalter (61) aufweist, der durch einen Detektor (62) zwischen der Gleichstromquelle (8) und der Wicklung (6) gesteuert wird.
  6. Regler nach Anspruch 3, wobei die intelligente Steuerung (60) eine Gleichstromquelle (8) steuert, die einen Regler (81) aufweist, der mit der Wicklung (6) verbunden ist.
  7. Regler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei der erste Kern (21) Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Querschnittsverringerung (210) oder
    - einen zusätzlichen Kern (220), der durch einen mechanischen Luftspalt (221) mit der Magnetschaltung (2) verbunden ist.
  8. Regler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei die erste Spule (1) aus einem ersten Teil (1a), der den ersten Kern (21) umschlingt, und einem zweiten Teil (1b), der einen Teil der Schaltung (2) umschlingt, der zwischen dem ersten Kern (21) und dem dritten Kern (3) liegt, besteht, wobei der Regler so auch eine Spannungsbegrenzerfunktion aufweist.
  9. Regler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei die Schaltung (2) eine Hilfsmagnetschaltung (200) umfasst, die einen Rahmen mit mindestens einem Kern (212) und einem mechanischen Luftspalt (EM) umfasst, wobei die erste Spule (1) den ersten Kern (21) und den Kern (212) des Rahmens umschlingt, wobei der Regler so auch eine Spannungsbegrenzerfunktion aufweist.
  10. Regler nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, der mit einer Strombegrenzerspule in Reihe schaltbar ist.
EP20120709635 2011-03-18 2012-03-19 Serienspannungsregler mit elektronik mit kurzschlussschutz durch magnetische schaltbasierte entkopplung mit löchern und fenstern Active EP2686746B1 (de)

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PL12709635T PL2686746T3 (pl) 2011-03-18 2012-03-19 Szeregowy regulator napięcia z układem elektronicznym zabezpieczonym przed zwarciami za pomocą odsprzęgania opartego na obwodzie magnetycznym z wykorzystaniem otworów i okien

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1152235A FR2972865B1 (fr) 2011-03-18 2011-03-18 Regulateur de tension serie a electronique protegee des courts-circuits par un decouplage par circuit magnetique a trous et fenetres
PCT/EP2012/054806 WO2012126884A2 (fr) 2011-03-18 2012-03-19 Régulateur de tension série à électronique protégée des courts-circuits par un découplage par circuit magnétique à trous et fenêtres

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WO2022258278A1 (de) * 2021-06-09 2022-12-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ladestation für ein elektrisch antreibbares fahrzeug

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CN104505238B (zh) * 2015-01-14 2017-06-23 东南大学 一种等效气隙可调电抗器
CN114974830B (zh) * 2022-06-10 2024-05-14 武汉大学 磁集成解耦绕组的高压磁饱和限流器及绕组电感计算方法

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US5523673A (en) * 1994-03-04 1996-06-04 Marelco Power Systems, Inc. Electrically controllable inductor
US6933822B2 (en) * 2000-05-24 2005-08-23 Magtech As Magnetically influenced current or voltage regulator and a magnetically influenced converter

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022258278A1 (de) * 2021-06-09 2022-12-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ladestation für ein elektrisch antreibbares fahrzeug

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ES2543310T3 (es) 2015-08-18
WO2012126884A3 (fr) 2013-07-25
FR2972865B1 (fr) 2013-04-12
FR2972865A1 (fr) 2012-09-21
PL2686746T3 (pl) 2015-10-30
EP2686746A2 (de) 2014-01-22

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