EP2677082B1 - Procédé d'amortissement bruit sous-marin - Google Patents

Procédé d'amortissement bruit sous-marin Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2677082B1
EP2677082B1 EP13173106.9A EP13173106A EP2677082B1 EP 2677082 B1 EP2677082 B1 EP 2677082B1 EP 13173106 A EP13173106 A EP 13173106A EP 2677082 B1 EP2677082 B1 EP 2677082B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
pressure
pressure line
compressed air
air
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EP13173106.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2677082A1 (fr
Inventor
Tanja-Katrin Grießmann
Jörg Rustemeier
Raimund Rolfes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cay Grunau Hydrotechnik Ingenieurbuero Grunau Ek
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Cay Grunau Hydrotechnik Ingenieurbuero Grunau Ek
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
    • E02B1/003—Mechanically induced gas or liquid streams in seas, lakes or water-courses for forming weirs or breakwaters; making or keeping water surfaces free from ice, aerating or circulating water, e.g. screens of air-bubbles against sludge formation or salt water entry, pump-assisted water circulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23124—Diffusers consisting of flexible porous or perforated material, e.g. fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23126—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
    • B01F23/231265—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element being tubes, tubular elements, cylindrical elements or set of tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for damping underwater noise.
  • a disadvantage of known bubble generation devices is the relatively low damping of the Rammschalls. If, for example, a single mast, which is also referred to as monopile, are rammed, it must be rammed with such a large impulse that the resulting ramming noise can not be shielded sufficiently adequately by a single bubble vaicing device according to the prior art. It must then be built at least two bubble curtain, which is expensive.
  • a ventilation device is known, by means of which air can be introduced into a liquid.
  • the pressure pipe is surrounded by a membrane.
  • the membrane is slotted so that the slot is at an angle to the normal. The ambient pressure closes the slot safely.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the sound insulation.
  • the invention solves the problem by a method according to claim 1.
  • An advantage of the invention is that a particularly high noise reduction can be achieved.
  • Recent research shows that, unlike what is expected, a bubble veil of a variety of small bubbles is more effective than a bubble veil of large bubbles.
  • One possible reason for this is that small bubbles rise more slowly. For a given length-specific flow rate of compressed air, a higher air density in the bubble curtain can thus be achieved. The ram sound therefore sees a larger number of objects that make it difficult to pass through the bubble curtain, which improves the reduction of the sound.
  • Another advantage is that the large number of small bubbles lead to more scattering of the sound waves of the Rammschalls and to a stronger reflection of the Rammschalls. It has surprisingly been found that by scattering and reflection of the Rammschall can be more effectively prevented from passing through the bubble curtain than by resonant absorption in large air bubbles.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that when the air supply is cut off (for example, by switching off the compressors), the pores of the membrane close and thus no water and sediment can enter the system. This reduces the start-up time (time until the bubble curtain is fully developed) when the system is restarted (switching on the compressors). In previous systems, sediment can penetrate into the pressure line, with the risk of clogging of the nozzles. Thus, the reliability is increased by the invention.
  • Another advantage is the low consumption of compressed air, since, as already stated above, the rate of rise of the air bubbles is particularly low due to their small size.
  • the pressure line is understood to mean, in particular, a flexible pressure line which can be made of plastic, for example. It is favorable if the pressure line only has a cross section of at least 50 mm, so that the pressure loss due to internal friction is as low as possible.
  • the membrane Under the pores are understood in particular recesses defined shape in the membrane, which have been introduced, for example, mechanically or by laser. It is favorable if the membrane has a multiplicity of pores. According to a preferred embodiment, the membrane has at least 1000, in particular at least 5000, and particularly preferably at least 10000 pores per meter of continuous metering line.
  • the bubble curtain is preferably closed. That is, the bubble curtain has no regions in which the bubble density is so low that sound can pass substantially unattenuated.
  • the apertures in the pressure line have a circular cross-section. It is also possible that the openings are, for example, slit-shaped. It is important that they provide a sufficiently high flow resistance to the escaping compressed air, so that the pressure difference between the interior and the surrounding water drops by no more than 20% above the membrane.
  • the pressure line is in particular a pipe or a hose understood, that is, the pressure line can also be flexibly formed as a tube, whereas training as a flexible hose is particularly advantageous because it facilitates laying the bubble curtain generating device.
  • the membrane Under the membrane is in particular a slit film, in particular a slotted rubber hose understood.
  • the membrane is designed so that the apertures open only when an air bubble emerges, wherein they remain closed when no bubble escapes, so that no water can penetrate into the membrane.
  • sound attenuation is understood to mean, in particular, a reduction of the sound at a location under water outside the bubble curtain. Under the steaming so in particular not only a dissipation of sound energy is understood, but also a scatter, provided that it reduces the sound. In addition to damping, so reducing, Rammlärm the invention is for example also suitable for reducing explosion noise. It can therefore also be spoken of a method for noise protection in sound-intensive construction work in waters. Since the reduction of sound underwater is relevant, could also be spoken of a method for reducing underwater noise.
  • the pressure line extends at least in sections along a longitudinal direction of the pressure line and the membrane is connected to the pressure line such that propagation of compressed air in a gap formed between the pressure line and the membrane is prevented along the longitudinal direction for more than a predetermined distance.
  • the predetermined distance has a length of at most 5 m. In other words, it is not possible for an imaginary air volume to move more than this predetermined distance along the longitudinal direction along the pressure line. This ensures that the bubble curtain generator can also be used on uneven seabed. An uneven seabed causes the pressure line on its outer side depending on the position experiences different high water pressure. By attaching the membrane to the pressure line ensures that these different water pressures do not cause the air bubbles emerge only at the point with the lowest water pressure.
  • the bubble curtain generating device includes a plurality of pressing members connecting the diaphragm to the pressure line.
  • the pressing elements are formed by hose clamps. This has the advantage that a tubular membrane can be used. By means of the pressing elements, this tubular membrane is then connected to the pressure line so that the distance between the two pressing elements is smaller than the predetermined distance. As described above, it is then ensured that a substantially uniform release of air takes place along the longitudinal direction of the bubble curtain generating device.
  • the pressing elements in the form of hose clamps are particularly simple, so that the bubble curtain generating device is easy to produce.
  • the pressure line is flexible, in other words, the pressure line is preferably a pressure hose.
  • the pressure hose can be reinforced, for example by means of fibers. It is also possible that the pressure hose is stabilized against radial forces and / or transverse forces, so that a safer Discharge of air bubbles over the entire length of the pressure line is ensured.
  • the pressure line has a length of at least 10 meters, in particular 40 meters, preferably at least 100 meters.
  • Support tubes encased in a membrane are known for aerating, for example, clarifiers, but these always have only short lengths in order to keep the pressure loss along their length sufficiently small.
  • the carrier tubes serve to secure the position of the membrane and not the transport of compressed air over long distances. Also, only low air pressures (water pressure + 0.1 MPa maximum) are used. They are therefore not suitable for use as a bubble curtain generating device.
  • a ramming method according to the invention is carried out in particular by producing the bubble curtain by means of a bubble curtain generating device described above, wherein the pressure line is supplied with an air pressure of at least 0.5 MPa, in particular at least 1 MPa, and wherein a pressure of at most 0, 3 MPa drops.
  • a pressure line with small breakthroughs of, for example, 1 mm is produced.
  • the membrane is raised, which contains a predetermined number of pores.
  • the bubble curtain generator is then brought to the depth of water in which it is to be used to reduce the sound.
  • compressed air is fed into the pressure line and the air pressure at, for example, three equidistant points over the length of the pressure line measured both in the pressure line and between the pressure line and the membrane.
  • the total decreasing air pressure is the pressure difference between the air pressure in the pressure line and the water pressure immediately outside the membrane. If the pressure difference between the membrane pressure and the water pressure is more than the specified percentage, either the number of pores is increased or the breakthrough cross sections are reduced until the requirement is met.
  • the number of pores can be increased.
  • the air pressure in the pressure line can be increased.
  • the adaptation of the breakthrough cross sections is carried out as indicated above. It is beneficial if all breakthrough cross sections are the same.
  • a cross section of the pressure line, the air pressure and the breakthrough cross sections are selected such that the air pressure at an air pressure introduction point of the compressed air into the pressure line is at most twice the air pressure at the point furthest from the Compressed air inlet point is spaced.
  • FIG. 1 shows a bubble curtain generating device 10 having a pressure line 12 for conducting compressed air.
  • the pressure line 12 is shown schematically as a loop which surrounds a pile 14 to be rammed, which is rammed into a seabed 16.
  • the pressure line 12 is from a compressed air source 18, for example on board a ship 19, supplied with compressed air.
  • the pressure pipe 12 extends along a longitudinal direction L formed by the tangent at each point.
  • the pressure line 12 is what's in FIG. 1 is not visible, surrounded by a membrane through which small air bubbles 20 are discharged.
  • the membrane is chosen so that the air bubbles have an air bubble size distribution whose average diameter is between 0.1 mm and 10 mm near the membrane.
  • the air bubbles 20 form a bubble curtain 22, which is shown only in sections.
  • FIG. 2 shows a part of the pressure line 12. It can be seen that this pressure line 12 has a wall 24 which surrounds an interior 26.
  • the wall 24 has a plurality of openings 28.1, 28.2,..., Through which compressed air 30 can escape into a gap 32.
  • the space 32 is formed between the outside of the wall 24 and a membrane 34.
  • the membrane 34 is formed in this case by a slotted rubber hose and has a plurality of pores 36.1, 36.2, ... on. Through these pores, the compressed air 30 can escape into the environment 38.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the membrane 34 is connected by means of a plurality of pressing elements 40.1, 40.2, ... with the pressure line 12, so that diaphragm sections 42.1, 42.2, ... between the individual pressing elements 40 (reference numerals without Zählsuffix the object respectively such).
  • the pressing elements 40 are designed so that a transfer of compressed air is prevented from one membrane section in the next.
  • the membrane 34, the pressure line 12 and the pressing elements 40 are part of a membrane aerator 43.
  • the breakthrough cross sections have respective breakthrough cross sections Q. These breakthrough cross sections are selected in comparison to the pore sizes such that, with respect to a position x along the longitudinal direction L, an air pressure p 26 in the interior 26 and a pressure p 32 present in the interspace 32 form; for which the following relationship applies: p 32 - p Surroundings p 26 - p Surroundings ⁇ 0 .
  • the air pressure of the compressed air drops to at most 30% across the membrane, the rest of the pressure drops over the wall 24 of the pressure line.
  • p 26 ⁇ 2 ⁇ p environment that is, the air pressure p 26 in the interior is at least twice the ambient pressure, that is, the water pressure. It is favorable if the relationship of 0.03 MPa ⁇ p 34 ⁇ 0.06 MPa is satisfied, that is to say that a pressure of between 0.3 bar and 0.6 bar drops across the membrane.
  • the membrane 34 is, as stated above, a slotted rubber hose, wherein the slots may have between 0.6 and 2 mm slots. Although larger or smaller slots are possible, it has been found that slots produce a particularly advantageous effect in this interval. It is possible, but not necessary, for all slots to be the same length.
  • the individual membrane sections 42 have a respective length I, which corresponds to a predetermined distance.
  • this predetermined distance is shorter than 5 meters.
  • the pile 14 is turned from one into one FIG. 1 not shown in detail piling device driven into the seabed 26.
  • the bubble curtain generation device 10 By means of the bubble curtain generation device 10 according to the invention, the bubble curtain 20 is produced.
  • a cross section, in particular a diameter d of the pressure line 12 is selected so that, conveniently, a pressure drop between a point of maximum pressure p 26 and a point of minimum pressure p 26 is at most 50% of the maximum pressure.
  • FIG. 1 is the point at most pressure, the point of feed, in which compressed air is fed via a feed line 44 in the pressure line 12 on the one hand, and the opposite point.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé pour amortir des bruits dans l'eau, dans lequel on engendre un rideau de bulles (22) au moyen d'un dispositif de génération de rideau de bulles comprenant
    (a) une conduite sous pression (12) pour mener de l'air comprimé (30),
    - qui possède une paroi (24) qui entoure un espace intérieur (26),
    - dans laquelle la paroi (24) comporte une pluralité de traversées (28), qui possèdent des sections transversales respectives (Q),
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de génération de rideau de bulles
    (b) possède une membrane (34),
    - qui comprend une pluralité de pores (36) avec des tailles de pores respectives, et
    - qui est réalisée de telle façon que l'air comprimé (30) peut être distribué dans l'eau environnante à travers la membrane (34) sous forme de petites bulles (20) à travers les pores (36),
    (c) dans lequel la paroi (24) est entourée, au moins dans les environs des traversées (28), par une membrane qui est ainsi réalisée que l'air comprimé (30) peut être distribué dans l'eau environnante (38) hors de l'espace intérieur (26) à travers les traversées (28) et ensuite à travers la membrane (34) sous forme de petites bulles (20) et ensuite à travers les pores (36),
    (d) dans lequel les sections transversales (Q) des traversées et les tailles des pores sont ainsi choisies qu'il s'établit une pression d'air (p26) dans l'espace intérieur (26) et une pression (p32) appliquée dans un intervalle (32) entre la conduite sous pression (12) et la membrane (34), pour lesquelles s'applique: p 32 − p Umgebung p 26 − p Umgebung ≤ 0 , 3 ,
    Figure imgb0004
     où pUmgebung est la pression de l'environnement.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication, caractérisé en ce que la pression de l'air (p) dans une conduite sous pression (12) du dispositif de génération de rideau de bulles est d'au moins 0,3 MPa.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que
    - on amène à la conduite sous pression (12) de l'air comprimé (30) avec une pression d'air (p) d'au moins 0,5 MPa, en particulier d'au moins 1 MPa, et
    - il se produit à travers la membrane (34) une chute de pression au maximum de 0,3 MPa.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la conduite sous pression (12) a une longueur d'au moins 10 m, en particulier 40 m.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la membrane (34) est reliée à la conduite sous pression (12) d'une manière telle que l'on empêche une propagation de l'air comprimé (30) dans l'espace intermédiaire (32) entre la conduite sous pression (12) et la membrane (34) le long de la longueur (L) du système sur une distance plus grande qu'un trajet prédéterminé (l).
EP13173106.9A 2012-06-21 2013-06-20 Procédé d'amortissement bruit sous-marin Active EP2677082B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012013443A DE102012013443A1 (de) 2012-06-21 2012-06-21 Blasenschleiererzeugungsvorrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2677082A1 EP2677082A1 (fr) 2013-12-25
EP2677082B1 true EP2677082B1 (fr) 2017-07-19

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Families Citing this family (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112967706A (zh) * 2021-03-12 2021-06-15 清研特材科技(洛阳)有限公司 用于水下吸音降噪的气泡幕/泡沫板复合装置及降噪方法
DE102021108670A1 (de) 2021-04-07 2022-10-13 Hydrotechnik Lübeck Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Blasenschleiers

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008017418B4 (de) * 2008-04-03 2010-08-19 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung der Übertragung und Ausbreitung von Schall und/oder Wellenbewegungen in einer Flüssigkeit

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DE8415461U1 (de) * 1984-05-21 1984-10-04 Deutsche Abwasser-Reinigungs-Gesellschaft mbH, 6200 Wiesbaden Membranbeluefter
DE9013851U1 (de) * 1990-10-05 1990-12-13 Envicon Luft- und Wassertechnik GmbH & Co KG, 4220 Dinslaken Membranbelüfter
US7441754B2 (en) * 2005-10-28 2008-10-28 Smith & Loveless, Inc. Apparatus for introducing a gas into a body of liquid
CN101821206B (zh) * 2007-10-10 2012-06-27 东丽株式会社 细小气泡散气管、细小气泡散气装置和浸渍型膜分离装置
JP5366785B2 (ja) * 2009-12-17 2013-12-11 株式会社クボタ 散気管
WO2012034109A2 (fr) * 2010-09-10 2012-03-15 Environmental Dynamics, Inc. Corps diffuseur modulaire et système d'aération
DE102010048474A1 (de) * 2010-10-14 2012-04-19 Bernhard Weyres Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Einbringen von Pfählen in den Meeresboden
CN201826334U (zh) * 2010-10-18 2011-05-11 中国长江三峡集团公司 一种气泡帷幕装置

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008017418B4 (de) * 2008-04-03 2010-08-19 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung der Übertragung und Ausbreitung von Schall und/oder Wellenbewegungen in einer Flüssigkeit

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DE102012013443A1 (de) 2013-12-24
DK2677082T3 (da) 2017-11-06
EP2677082A1 (fr) 2013-12-25

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